2024年高考第三次模擬考試英語(yǔ)（新高考九省專(zhuān)用01）

2024年高考英語(yǔ)第三次模擬考試高三英語(yǔ)（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿(mǎn)分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫(xiě)在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．WhattimedoesthetrainleaveforDarlington?A．At2:00p.m. B．At6:00p.m. C．At7:00p.m.【答案】A【原文】W:I’vemadeamistake.The2:00p.m.traindoesn’tgotoLondonatall—itstopsatDarlingtonstation!AndIhavealreadyboughtaticket.M:Don’tworry.Youcangetthe6:00p.m.or7:00p.m.trainfromDarlingtontoLondon.You’llbefine.2．Whichsportdidthespeakersstartplayingrecently?A．Golf. B．Tennis. C．Sailing.【答案】A【原文】M:Eversincethe18holecourseopenedintown,we’vehardlyplayedtennisorgonesailing.W:It’sjustbeensofuntolearngolftogether.M:Yes.Still,Imissourtennisclubfriends!3．Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A．Selectingrooms. B．Choosingcolors. C．Understandingpersonalities.【答案】B【原文】W:Selectingtherightpaintisreallyimportantwhendecoratingaroom.Italldependsonthelightintheroom,theoverallstyleofthehouse,andofcourse,understandingthehouseowner’spersonality.M:Ifyousayso.Ijustlookatthepaintandpickmyfavoritecolor.4．Whatisthemandoinglately?A．Givingtalksonreading B．Readingsomebooks. C．Receivingsometreatment.【答案】B【原文】M:I’vereadsomethoughtprovoking(引人深思的)booksrecently,oneofwhichisToKillaMockingbird.It’sapowerfulnovel.W:Yes.Ilikeittoo.Itshowsthatpeoplearen’talwaystreatedfairly.5．Wherearethespeakers?A．Atapetclinic. B．AtBob’shome C．AtMr.Johnson’soffice.【答案】B【原文】W:Bob,yourdoglookstired.M:Yes.Itlooksunwell.Ithasn’teatenanythingsinceyesterday.IdecidetoinviteMrJohnsontoeoverandhavealookatit.W:IfIwereyou,I’dtakeittothepetclinicimmediately.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。【聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題?！?．Whatisthewomanlookingforwardto?A．Running. B．Healthyfood. C．Strengthtraining.7．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Health. B．Wealth. C．Diet.【答案】6．C7．A【原文】M:Youruneveryday,don’tyou?W:Yes,IruninthedayandIcan’twaittostartliftingweightstonight.IknowIneedtokeepmybodyingoodshapeandIenjoytryingnewthings.M:Yes,it’ssoimportanttoexerciseandtakecareofyourbodyineverysense.Eatingtherightfoodisabigpartofthat.W:Peoplesay,“Healthiswealth.”AndIbelieveit.Protectingagainstillnessandpoorhealthisthebestthingwecandoforourselves.M:Iagree.Anditmakesyoufeelsogoodeverydayaswell,soit’sawinwinsituation.【聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題?！?．WhydoesthewomancallJames?A．Topayherbill. B．Todiscusstheservice. C．Toconfirmhermonthlycharge.9．Howmuchshouldapersonpayforthelatepaymentfortwomonths?A．$40. B．$20. C．$10.【答案】8．C9．B【原文】M:Hi,thisisJamesincustomerservice.WhatcanIdoforyou?W:Hi,James.Iwanttotalkaboutmybill.ThebillIreceivedyesterdayformyhomecableTVserviceiswrong.M:What’syouraccountnumber?W:200508.M:Okay.Theregularmonthlychargeshouldbe$65.W:Right.ButyesterdayIgotabillfor$85.M:Itisbecauseofyourlatepaymentforthelasttwomonths.W:Oh,Isee.Thanks.【聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題?！?0．Whatisthewoman?A．Adoctor. B．Ajournalist. C．Aswimmingcoach.11．HowdidJackhelptheboy?A．Hecalled911. B．Hedrovehimhome. C．Hepulledhimtothesurface.12．Whereistheboynow?A．Attheschool. B．Attheswimmingpool. C．Inthehospital.【答案】10．B11．A12．C【原文】W:Goodmorning,Massiah,IworkforTheTeenMagazine.Iheardyoudidsomethinggreatyesterday.Iwanttowriteaboutit.CanIaskyouafewquestions?M:Sure.Goahead.W:Sowhatexactlydidyoudo?M:Ihelpedsaveathreeyearoldboy’slifewhenIwasswimmingintheswimmingpoolwithmycousin.W:Howdidyouknowtheboywasindanger?M:Isawtheboyatthebottomofthepool.Hehadanunusualfacialexpression:hismouthandeyeswereopen.Andhewasn'tmoving.Itwasn’tnormal.SoIdovedown,grabbedhisarm,andpulledhimtothesurface.W:Wereyouhelpedintheprocess?M:Yes.MycousinJackhelpedcall911.SomekindpeopleperformedCPRontheboyuntilprofessionalmedicalhelpersarrived.Later,hisparentsarrived,too.W:Wastheboytakentohospital?M:Yes.Luckilyhe’sdoingwellnow,thoughheisn’tallowedtogobackhomeyet.【聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題?！?3．Howdoesthewomanknowthatthecenterhassomegoodthings?A．ShesawitsadonTV.B．Shehearditsadontheradio.C．Shereaditsadinthenewspaper.14．Whodoesthewomanbuyitfor?A．Herfriend. B．Herhusband. C．Herfather.15．Whatsizewillthewomanwant?A．Size38. B．Size40. C．Size42.16．Howmuchisthetie?A．$29. B．$39. C．$49.【答案】13．A14．B15．C16．A【原文】M:Hello,NewCentury’sShoppingCenter.CanIhelpyou?W:Hello,thisisMrs.Andersonspeaking.IsawyouradvertisementonTVthatyouhavegotsomegoodthingsonmen’ssuitsthisweek.M:Yes,Madam.W:WhatIwouldliketobuyisadark,businesstypesuit.Somethinginwool,Ithink.M:Wehavesomeexcellentpurewoolsuits.Woolhasthebestofeverything,fort,quality,value.Whatsizedoyouwant?W:Usuallymyhusbandisa40,buthehasgainedalittleweightlately.M:Oh,you’dbetterhavea42.Whatcolor?W:I’dlikesomethingdarkgray,ornavyblue,orevenblack.AndI’dpreferasolidcolor.M:You’llbesatisfied,lady.Bytheway,wehaveafineselectionoftiestogowiththesuits.Maybeyouwouldliketoetohavealook.W:Oh,andhowmuchisit?M:It’stwentyninedollars.Verycheap.W:OK.Iwilleoverandhavealookatit.Thankyou.Goodbye.M:Goodbye.【聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。】17．Whenisthetalkprobablygiven?A．InearlyJuly. B．InthemiddleofAugust. C．InearlySeptember.18．Whydidthespeakergivethetalk?A．ToreporthistravelplantotheUK.B．TosharehisgoodmemoriesaboutJamaica.C．ToremendatraveldestinationintheEnglishclass.19．WhatinterestedthespeakeratfirstinJamaica?A．Theweather. B．Thetropicalfruits. C．Themusic.20．Howhasthespeakertriedtochangehislife?A．Bylivinginadifferentcity.B．Byadjustinghisattitude. C．Bylookingoutforhimself.【答案】17．B18．B19．A20．B【原文】M:Asthissummerends,Icanrememberallmygreatmemories.We’llstartschoolagainintwoweeks,aswealwaysdoduringthefirstfewdaysofSeptember.So,now,I’llreflectononeofthissummer’sgreatmemoriesthatI’llshareinmyEnglishcourse.AssoonasthepreviousschoolyearendedinJuly,myfamilyandIleftonajourneytoJamaica.WereadarticlesandwatchedtravelfilmsbeforeleavingourhomeintheUK.Still,themomentwetoucheddowninthebusycapitalcityofKingston,weknewwewereinforsomecultureshock.ThedifferencesbetweentheUKandJamaicawerestriking.Myinitialrealizationwasthatitwastheoppositeclimate.WhiletheUKisknownforitsgrayskies,Jamaicaweleduswithitswarm,tropicalsun.Next,theJamaicanlandscapewasequallyinviting.Therewererollinggreenhills,palmtrees,andendlessbeaches.Ourdrivertookusforourfirstmealinthecity.WelovedfreshJamaicandisheslikejerkchickenandfreshtropicalfruits.Localpeoplewerechatting,laughing,andlisteningtothelocalreggaemusicaroundtherestaurant.Ithenrealizedthatparadise(天堂)isbothadestinationandanattitude.Sincethen,I’vealwaystriedtokeepapieceofthisrelaxedlifestyleandoutlookonlife.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASomepeoplethinkthatallwildanimalsaredangerous.Actually,veryfewofthemwillattackamanifheleavesthemalone.Ifyoumetalionoranelephant,Isupposeyouwouldrunaway;butevenalionwillkeepawayfromamanunlessitisveryhungry.Lionsandtigersonlykillandeatmenwhentheyhavegrowntoooldandtooweaktocatchtheirusualfood,suchasdeerandothersmallanimals.Ifyousawawildelephant,perhapsyouwouldbefrightened.Elephantsusuallyrunawayatonceunlessyouattackthem.Someanimalsgetveryfrightenediftheyonlysmellaman;sometakenonoticeatallbutquietlywalkinanotherdirection.Wildanimalsonlyattackhunterswhentheyareafraidthatthehuntersmeantoharmtheiryoungones,orthenthehuntersshootatthemandmakethemangry.21．Lionsandtigerswillnotkilloreatmen____________A．unlessmentrytorunaway B．iftheyaretoooldandtooweakC．iftheyareabletogetenoughfood D．howevermenacttowardsthem22．Somewildanimalswillbeeverydangerous______________A．whentheygrowold B．iftheyareleftaloneC．whiletheyarelookingforfood D．whentheiryoungonesareindanger23．Thispassageismainlyabout______________A．howtoprotectwildanimals B．howanimalslookfortheirfoodC．howtomakefriendswithwildanimals D．howanimalsacttowardsmen【答案】21．C22．D23．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹野生動(dòng)物并不會(huì)輕易的攻擊人類(lèi)，除非它們太餓了，或是它們的孩子受到威脅。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二句“Ifyoumetalionoranelephant,Isupposeyouwouldrunaway;butevenalionwillkeepawayfromamanunlessitisveryhungry.(如果你遇到一頭獅子或一頭大象，我想你會(huì)跑開(kāi)；但即使是獅子也會(huì)遠(yuǎn)離人，除非它非常餓)”可知，如果獅子和老虎有足夠的食物是不會(huì)吃人的，故選C。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一句“Wildanimalsonlyattackhunterswhentheyareafraidthatthehuntersmeantoharmtheiryoungones,orthenthehuntersshootatthemandmakethemangry.(野生動(dòng)物只有在它們害怕獵人有意傷害它們的幼崽，或者獵人向它們開(kāi)槍激怒它們時(shí)，才會(huì)攻擊獵人)”可知，一些野生動(dòng)物在它們的幼崽處于危險(xiǎn)中時(shí)會(huì)變得非常危險(xiǎn)，故選D。23．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一句和第二句“Somepeoplethinkthatallwildanimalsaredangerous.Actually,veryfewofthemwillattackamanifheleavesthemalone.(有些人認(rèn)為所有的野生動(dòng)物都是危險(xiǎn)的。事實(shí)上，如果人不打擾它們，它們很少會(huì)攻擊人)”結(jié)合文章介紹野生動(dòng)物并不會(huì)輕易的攻擊人類(lèi)，除非它們太餓了，或是它們的孩子受到威脅?？芍?，文章介紹動(dòng)物對(duì)人作何反應(yīng)，故選D。BOnafoggyday,Iwaslisteningtotheradioonmydrivewhensuddenlysomethingcaughtmyeyeoutthedriver’ssidewindow.Iturnedtolookbutitwasn’tclearbecauseofthethickfog.ThenIdidn’tknowhowlongIwasknockedout.Itdidn’ttakemelongtorealizeIcouldn’tmoveeitherarmandmyfacewasbleedingheavily.Overthenextfewdaysinthehospital,Ibegantogetaclearerpictureofwhathadhappened.Alocalhighschoolstudent,rushingtoclass,hadcrossedthecenterlineandhitmeheadon.Iheardthroughfriendsofminewhoknewhisfamilythathewasvery,veryupsetbywhathadhappened.Ifeltbadthathehadsuchaburdentobearatsuchayoungage.Fourteenmonthsaftertheaccident.IwasgroceryshoppingwhenawomanIdidn’tknowapproachedmeandaskedifIwasSuzanne.Sheintroducedherself,andIrealizeditwastheyoungman’smother.Iappreciatedlearninghowhewasdoing.Heavoidedsevereinjurybutneededadvicetohelpwiththeemotionaltrauma(創(chuàng)傷)ofcausingtheaccident.Icouldcertainlyunderstandthedifficultyofgettingbackbehindthewheelofacar.Secretly,IwishedIcouldtalktohimmyself.Sevenmonthslater,itwastimeformydaughter’sChristmasbandconcertatthehighschool.ThefirstadultIrecognizeduponenteringtheauditoriumwasthemotherwhoapproachedmeinthegrocerystore.Iwonderedwhyshewasthere.Oneyoungmaninawhitehoodieandballcapranup.Suddenly,Irealizedthatitwashim,thedriver,asheresembledthatmother.Iedgedmywaythroughthecrowd.“Hi,I’mSuzanne,”Igreeted.“IjustwantedtosaythatI’mokay,andIwasnevermadatyou.Iknowthiswashardonyou.”HeapparentlyknewwhoIwas.“Youdo?”cameaslightlymuffled(模糊不清的)answer.“I’mreallyokay,”Iadded,pattinghimontheshoulderandfeelinglikeIwastheonlypersonwhocouldlethimforgivehimself.Iwastheonlypersonwhocouldgivehimthatgiftifhecouldseemeandhearfrommethatallwaswell.24．Whatmightcausetheauthor’saccident?A．Hertemporaryblindness. B．Herphysicalburden.C．Theboy’sdistraction. D．Theboy’sviolatingthetrafficrule.25．Theauthorwantedtolearnabouttheboy’sconditionbecauseshe________.A．wantedtoeasetheboy’smind B．wantedtheboytomakeupforthelossC．wantedtheboytomakeanapology D．wantedtheboytobearaheavyburden26．Whatdoweknowabouttheboy?A．Hewasterriblyinjuredphysically. B．Hedidn’tfeelguiltyatall.C．Heneededpsychologicaladvice. D．Herejectedtheauthor’skindness.27．Whichwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?A．Generousandrelieved. B．Forgivingandstraightforward.C．Sympatheticandcaring. D．Lightheartedandsupportive.【答案】24．D25．A26．C27．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述一名高中生違反交通規(guī)則撞上了作者，男孩雖然沒(méi)有受重傷，但是受到了情感創(chuàng)傷，作者為此感到難過(guò)，親自告訴男孩自己很好，以此寬慰男孩。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Alocalhighschoolstudent,rushingtoclass,hadcrossedthecenterlineandhitmeheadon.(一個(gè)當(dāng)?shù)氐母咧猩s著去上課，越過(guò)了中線，迎面撞上了我。)”可知，男孩違反交通規(guī)則是導(dǎo)致交通事故的一個(gè)原因，故選D。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Ifeltbadthathehadsuchaburdentobearatsuchayoungage.(我為他這么小的年紀(jì)就要承擔(dān)這么大的負(fù)擔(dān)感到難過(guò)。)”可知，作者對(duì)男孩要遭受如此重的心理負(fù)擔(dān)感到非常難過(guò)，因此作者非常迫切地想要知道男孩的現(xiàn)狀是想寬慰他，故選A。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Heavoidedsevereinjurybutneededadvicetohelpwiththeemotionaltrauma(創(chuàng)傷)ofcausingtheaccident.(他避免了嚴(yán)重的傷害，但需要建議來(lái)幫助解決造成事故的情感創(chuàng)傷。)”可知，這名男孩需要心理咨詢(xún)，故選C。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Ifeltbadthathehadsuchaburdentobearatsuchayoungage.(我為他這么小的年紀(jì)就要承擔(dān)這么大的負(fù)擔(dān)感到難過(guò)。)”、第三段中“Secretly,IwishedIcouldtalktohimmyself.(我暗自希望能親自跟他談?wù)劇?”以及最后一段中“‘I’mreallyokay,’Iadded,pattinghimontheshoulderandfeelinglikeIwastheonlypersonwhocouldlethimforgivehimself.(‘我真的很好，’我補(bǔ)充道，拍拍他的肩膀，覺(jué)得我是唯一一個(gè)能讓他原諒自己的人。)”可知，作者是一個(gè)非常具有同情心且非常關(guān)愛(ài)男孩心理狀態(tài)的人，故選C。CInOctober,MediterraneanfruitflieswerediscoveredinanareaofLosAngeles.Californiaisabigfarmingstate,andthiswasseriousnewsforfarmers.TheMediterraneanfruitfly,oftenknownasthe“Medfly”,isoneofthemostseriousthreatsfacedbyfarmersworldwide.OncetheMedflymakesitswayintoanarea,itcanbeveryhardtogetridof.Thefieslaytheireggsinover300kindsoffruitsandvegetables.Whentheeggshatch,theyturnintowormlikelarvae(幼蟲(chóng))thatcanruintheseproducts.Theproblemisthatitcanbehardtoknowthatthefliesarethereuntilit’stoolate.That’sbecausethefruitsandvegetablesstilllooknormalevenaftertheeggsarelaidinside.Sothedamagedfruitsandvegetablescanbesenttootherplaces,allowingtheMedfliestospread.MediterraneanfruitfieswerefirstfoundinCaliforniain1975,buttheyreallybecameaprobleminthe1980s.Luckily,CaliformiahasdevelopedaprogramtocontroltheMedflies.TheprograminvolvesusingplanestodropmillionsofMedfliesoverthearea.Thatmaysoundlikeabadidea,butit’sactuallyatrickywaytomakesurethatMedflynumbersgodown.Thetrick?Theairplanesonlydropmaleflies,andallofthemhavebeentreatedsothattheyaresterile.Thismeansthateventhoughtheycanmatewithfemalefruitflies,theeggsproducedwillnevergroworhatch.Intheearlygrowingstages,thesesterilefliesaregrowninlabsinHawaiiandGuatemala.Theinsectsarecoloredwithaspecialsubstancetomakesuretheywon’tbeconfusedwithwildMedflies.TheseimmatureinsectsarethensenttoCaliformiainhugenumbersaround200millionaweek.They’reraiseduntilthey’readults,andthenthey’retreatedtobesterile.Finall,thefliesarereleasedfromairplanes,singaspecialmethoddesignedtospreadthemoutoverawidearea.Thegovernmentsaysthatthenumberofinfestations(timeswhenfliesarefound)hasbeencutbyover90%.28．WhattroublesfarmersabouttheMedflies?A．Thewidespreadofthem. B．Theinstantdamagecausedbythem.C．Thedifficultyindetectingthemearly. D．Thestrongteamspiritofthem.29．Theunderlinedword“sterile”inparagraph4mostprobablymeans“”.A．hardtogetalongwith B．difficulttoseeinthewildC．unlikelytobeefullygrown D．unabletoproduceyoung30．Whyarethemalefliescolored?A．Tomakethemdistinguishable. B．Tomakethemmoreattractive.C．Toshortentheirtreatmentprocess. D．Tospeeduptheirgrowth.31．WhichcanbestdescribetheprogramconductedinCalifornia?A．Practicalandsuccessful. B．plexandinapplicable.C．Ecofriendlybutfruitless. D．Timesavingbutdangerous.【答案】28．C29．D30．A31．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要解釋了地中海果蠅——Medfly對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的威脅，以及加州政府為了控制這種害蟲(chóng)而采取的措施。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Whentheeggshatch,theyturnintowormlikelarvae(幼蟲(chóng))thatcanruintheseproducts.Theproblemisthatitcanbehardtoknowthatthefliesarethereuntilit’stoolate..(當(dāng)卵孵化時(shí)，它們會(huì)變成蠕蟲(chóng)狀的幼蟲(chóng)，會(huì)破壞這些產(chǎn)品。問(wèn)題是，很難知道果蠅在那里，直到為時(shí)已晚。這是因?yàn)榧词乖诶锩娈a(chǎn)卵后，水果和蔬菜看起來(lái)仍然正常。)”可知，困擾農(nóng)民的是果蠅很難被及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)已經(jīng)為時(shí)已晚。故選C。29．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下一句“Thismeansthateventhoughtheycanmatewithfemalefruitflies,theeggsproducedwillnevergroworhatch.(這意味著即使它們可以與雌性果蠅交配，產(chǎn)生的卵也永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)生長(zhǎng)或孵化。)”可推測(cè)，劃線單詞的意思和“無(wú)法生育”相似。選項(xiàng)A“hardtogetalongwith(很難相處)”；選項(xiàng)B“difficulttoseeinthewild(在野外很難看見(jiàn))”；選項(xiàng)C“unlikelytobeefullygrown(不可能完全長(zhǎng)大)”；選項(xiàng)D“unabletoproduceyoung(不能生育后代)”。故選D。30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Intheearlygrowingstages,thesesterilefliesaregrowninlabsinHawaiiandGuatemala.Theinsectsarecoloredwithaspecialsubstancetomakesuretheywon’tbeconfusedwithwildMedflies.(在早期生長(zhǎng)階段，這些不育蒼蠅是在夏威夷和危地馬拉的實(shí)驗(yàn)室里培育的。這種昆蟲(chóng)用一種特殊的物質(zhì)著色，以確保它們不會(huì)與野生Medfly混淆。)”可知，這些不育的雄蠅之所以會(huì)有顏色是為了確保它們不會(huì)與野生Medfly混淆。故選A。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“TheseimmatureinsectsarethensenttoCaliforniainhugenumbersaround200millionaweek.They’reraiseduntilthey’readults,andthenthey’retreatedtobesterile.Finally,thefliesarereleasedfromairplanes,singaspecialmethoddesignedtospreadthemoutoverawidearea.Thegovernmentsaysthatthenumberofinfestations(timeswhenfliesarefound)hasbeencutbyover90%.(然后，這些未成熟的昆蟲(chóng)被大量送往加州——每周大約有2億只。它們被飼養(yǎng)到成年，然后進(jìn)行無(wú)菌處理。最后，把蒼蠅從飛機(jī)上釋放出來(lái)，用一種特殊的方法把它們分散到一個(gè)廣闊的區(qū)域。政府表示，蟲(chóng)害(蒼蠅出沒(méi)的次數(shù))減少了90%以上。)”可知，蟲(chóng)害(蒼蠅出沒(méi)的次數(shù))減少了90%以上，由此可知，該項(xiàng)目很成功。故選A。DWhenwildfiresmokefromhugefiresinCanadablanketedtheUSinthesummerof2023,emergencyroomssawanincreaseinadmissionsforlungproblems,heartattacksandotherhealthissues.Burningfossilfuelshasdrivenclimatechange,andnowclimatechangeiscostingpeopletheirhealthandincreasinglytheirlives,saysanewreportfromthemedicaljournalTheLancet.TheeighthannualLancetCountdown,aninternationalanalysisthattracksnearly50differenthealthfocusedissuesaffectedbyclimatechange,callsforanimmediatewinddownoffossilfueluse.Thosewiththeleasthistoricalresponsibilityforcausingclimatechangearefeelingtheworsteffects.Pakistan—acountryresponsibleforroughly0.3%ofallclimatechangecausingcarbonemissions,sufferedhugefloodsin2022thatdisplacedmorethan30millionpeopleandkilledatleast1,700.However,wealthiercountriescannotbespared.IntheUS,wildfiresmokethissummersentpeopletotheemergencyroomfromNewYorktoGeorgia.InEurope,a2022summerheatwaveresultedinover60,000deaths.AboutonefifthofallUSresidentsworkoutdoors;thepercentagesareevenhigherinmanyothercountries.Whenitgetstoohot,itgetsharderandhardertowork.Lastyear,thereportsays,outdoorworkerslostmorethan140hourseach—orseveralweeksofpay—becauseoftheintenseheat.Thehumanandeconomiccostsareforecasttogrowwitheverytenthofadegreehottertheplanetgets.Heatrelateddeaths,forexample,couldincreasebynearlyfivetimesbythemiddleofthecentury,ifwithoutimmediatereductionstocarbonemissions.“Ihaveayoungpatientwhopresentswithuncontrollableasthma.Shelivesrightnexttoahighwayandisbreathinginharmfulairfromcarsburninggas,”ReneeSalas,adoctoratHarvard’sChanSchoolofPublicHealthsays.“Sothetreatmentsheneedsiselectricvehicles,homeweatherizationandairpurification.TheseareprescriptionsIcan’twrite.”32．Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph3?A．Thewildfirehasburnedlargeareasofforest. B．Pakistanislargelyresponsibleforclimatechange.C．Climatechangehascausedalotofhumandeaths. D．Peopleinwealthiercountrieshavegoodhealthcare.33．Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A．Americanresidentsworkedveryhardlastyear.B．Thereisnothingpeoplecandoaboutclimatechange.C．Theeconomyhasalsobeenaffectedbyclimatechange.D．Heatrelateddeathswilldoublebythemiddleofthecentury.34．WhatdocsReneeSalasimplyinthelastparagraph?A．Sheadvocatesgreenlifestyle. B．Shepreferstodriveanelectriccartowork.C．Youngpeoplearemorelikelytogetasthma. D．Hospitalsareshortofmedicinestotreatasthma.35．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．TheadvantageoflivingintheUS. B．Thecauseofclimatechange.C．Thestressofworkingoutdoors. D．Theharmofclimatechange.【答案】32．C33．C34．A35．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了化石燃料的使用使得氣候惡化，進(jìn)而危害人類(lèi)的健康和生命以及阻礙經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。32．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Pakistan—acountryresponsibleforroughly0.3%ofallclimatechangecausingcarbonemissions,sufferedhugefloodsin2022thatdisplacedmorethan30millionpeopleandkilledatleast1,700.However,wealthiercountriescannotbespared.IntheUS,wildfiresmokethissummersentpeopletotheemergencyroomfromNewYorktoGeorgia.InEurope,a2022summerheatwaveresultedinover60,000deaths.(巴基斯坦的碳排放量約占所有氣候變化導(dǎo)致的碳排放量的0.3%，該國(guó)在2022年遭受了巨大的洪水，造成3000多萬(wàn)人流離失所，至少1700人死亡。然而，富裕國(guó)家也不能幸免。在美國(guó)，今年夏天，從紐約到喬治亞州，人們都被野火煙霧送往急診室。在歐洲，2022年夏季的熱浪導(dǎo)致6萬(wàn)多人死亡)”可知，氣候變化導(dǎo)致了很多人死亡。故選C。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Whenitgetstoohot,itgetsharderandhardertowork.Lastyear,thereportsays,outdoorworkerslostmorethan140hourseach—orseveralweeksofpay—becauseoftheintenseheat.(當(dāng)天氣太熱時(shí)，工作就會(huì)越來(lái)越難。報(bào)告說(shuō)，去年，由于酷暑，戶(hù)外工作者每人損失了140多個(gè)小時(shí)，也就是幾周的工資)”及第五段“Thehumanandeconomiccostsareforecasttogrowwitheverytenthofadegreehottertheplanetgets.Heatrelateddeaths,forexample,couldincreasebynearlyfivetimesbythemiddleofthecentury,ifwithoutimmediatereductionstocarbonemissions.(據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)，地球溫度每升高0.1度，人類(lèi)和經(jīng)濟(jì)成本就會(huì)增加。例如，如果不立即減少碳排放，到本世紀(jì)中葉，與熱有關(guān)的死亡人數(shù)可能會(huì)增加近五倍)”可知，經(jīng)濟(jì)也受到了氣候變化的影響。故選C。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Ihaveayoungpatientwhopresentswithuncontrollableasthma.Shelivesrightnexttoahighwayandisbreathinginharmfulairfromcarsburninggas,”ReneeSalas,adoctoratHarvard’sChanSchoolofPublicHealthsays.“Sothetreatmentsheneedsiselectricvehicles,homeweatherizationandairpurification.TheseareprescriptionsIcan’twrite.”(“我有一個(gè)年輕的病人，他表現(xiàn)出無(wú)法控制的哮喘。她就住在高速公路旁邊，呼吸著汽車(chē)燃燒汽油產(chǎn)生的有害空氣，”哈佛大學(xué)陳公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院的醫(yī)生ReneeSalas說(shuō)?！八运枰闹委熓请妱?dòng)汽車(chē)、家庭氣象和空氣凈化。這些處方我寫(xiě)不出來(lái)。”)”可推斷，ReneeSalas倡導(dǎo)綠色生活。故選A。35．主旨大意題。通讀全文,尤其是第二段“Burningfossilfuelshasdrivenclimatechange,andnowclimatechangeiscostingpeopletheirhealthandincreasinglytheirlives,saysanewreportfromthemedicaljournalTheLancet.(醫(yī)學(xué)雜志《柳葉刀》的一份新報(bào)告稱(chēng)，燃燒化石燃料導(dǎo)致了氣候變化，現(xiàn)在氣候變化正在損害人們的健康，并越來(lái)越多地危及人們的生命)”結(jié)合文章主要說(shuō)明了化石燃料的使用使得氣候惡化，進(jìn)而危害人類(lèi)的健康和生命以及阻礙經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。由此可知，本文主要講的是氣候變化的危害。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Someoftheoldestlivingthingsonourremarkableplanetaretrees.Therecordholdersarebristleconepines(狐尾松)ofthewesternUnitedStates,quiteafewofwhichareknowntobemorethan3,000yearsold.Oneindividual,discoveredin2012,isestimatedtobemorethan5,060yearsold,makingittheoldestknownnonclonaltreeintheworld!36:individualsacrossanumberofothertreespecieshavealsobeenaroundforthousandsofyears.So,howdotreessurviveforthousandsofyears?37.Undoubtedly,partoftheanswerliesinluck.Ancienttreeshaveobviouslynotsubmittedtodeadlydiseases,pests,fires,droughts,windstorms,landslides,orthehumanaxeinthecenturiesandcenturiesthattheyhavequietlyendured.Theotherpartoftheanswerhastodowithhowtreesage.Infact,thereisquiteadebateaboutwhetherancienttreescanbeconsidered“immortal(永生的)”.Thatis,willsuchtreeseverdieiftheyarenotkilledbyanoutsideforce?Wemayneverknowtheanswertothat,but,attheveryleast,38.Whilecelldeathisanimportantfactorintheagingofhumansandotheranimals,onestudyfoundlittleevidenceofcelldeathintheginkgotreevascularcambium(銀杏樹(shù)維管形成層).Inaddition,astudyofbristleconepinepollen(花粉)foundnosignificantincreaseinmutation(變異)rateswithage,whichisanotherfactorassociatedwithanimalaging.39.Oldertreesbenefitgreatlyfromhavingbodiesmademostlyofdeadwoodytissue.Infact,anoldtreemightbeasmuchas95percentdeadtissue!Giventhatitisn’talive,wooddoesnotrequiremetabolic(新陳代謝的)activitytomaintainit,40.A．soanoldtreedoesn’treallyneedtodomuchtokeeplivingB．ThisisaquestionthathassomethingtodowiththegoodluckoftreesC．However,bristleconesarecertainlynotaloneintermsoftheoldestcreaturesD．ThisisafascinatingquestionforbiologiststhatdoesnotyethaveasettledanswerE．What’smore,someancienttreeshavesuperiorchemicaldefensesagainstpestsanddiseasesF．whichmeansthattreescansurviveeverywherewithoutbeinglimitedbyexternalandinternalconditionsG．weknowthatancienttreesageinwaysthataredramaticallydifferentfromthewaysthatmostanimalsandevenotherplantsage【答案】36．C37．B38．G39．D40．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了古樹(shù)壽命長(zhǎng)的原因。36．由上文“Therecordholdersarebristleconepines(狐尾松)ofthewesternUnitedStates,quiteafewofwhichareknowntobemorethan3,000yearsold.Oneindividual,discoveredin2012,isestimatedtobemorethan5,060yearsold,makingittheoldestknownnonclonaltreeintheworld!(在我們這個(gè)非凡的星球上，一些最古老的生物是樹(shù)木。紀(jì)錄保持者是美國(guó)西部的狐尾松，其中相當(dāng)一部分的樹(shù)齡已經(jīng)超過(guò)3000年。2012年發(fā)現(xiàn)的一棵樹(shù)估計(jì)有5060多歲，是世界上已知最古老的非克隆樹(shù)！)”和后文“butalsoaboutbeingagoodlistener(許多其他樹(shù)種的個(gè)體也已經(jīng)存在了數(shù)千年)”可知，本句要表不是只有狐尾松古老，故C選項(xiàng)“However,bristleconesarecertainlynotaloneintermsoftheoldestcreatures(然而，就最古老的生物而言，狐尾松肯定不是唯一的)”能承上啟下，符合題意。故選C。37．由下文“Undoubtedly,partoftheanswerliesinluck.Ancienttreeshaveobviouslynotsubmittedtodeadlydiseases,pests,fires,droughts,windstorms,landslides,orthehumanaxeinthecenturiesandcenturiesthattheyhavequietlyendured.(毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，部分原因在于運(yùn)氣。古樹(shù)顯然沒(méi)有屈服于致命的疾病，害蟲(chóng)，火災(zāi)，干旱，風(fēng)暴，山體滑坡，或人類(lèi)的斧頭在他們默默地忍受了一個(gè)又一個(gè)世紀(jì)。)”可知，本空要說(shuō)跟“運(yùn)氣”有關(guān)的話題，故B選項(xiàng)“Thisisaquestionthathassomethingtodowiththegoodluckoftrees(這個(gè)問(wèn)題與樹(shù)木的好運(yùn)有關(guān))”能承接上文，符合題意。故選B。38．由上文“Theotherpartoftheanswerhastodowithhowtreesage.(答案的另一部分與樹(shù)木如何老化有關(guān)。)”可知，本空要說(shuō)跟“如何老化”有關(guān)的話題，和上文“Wemayneverknowtheanswertothat,but,attheveryleast(我們可能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)知道答案，但至少)”可知，前文說(shuō)不知道的事情，本空說(shuō)至少知道的一件事，且與“如何老化”有關(guān)，故G選項(xiàng)“weknowthatancienttreesageinwaysthataredramaticallydifferentfromthewaysthatmostanimalsandevenotherplantsage(我們知道，古樹(shù)的衰老方式與大多數(shù)動(dòng)物甚至其他植物的衰老方式截然不同)”能承上啟下，符合題意。故選G。39．由上文“Inaddition,astudyofbristleconepinepollen(花粉)foundnosignificantincreaseinmutation(變異)rates