Unit1What'sthematter知識(shí)點(diǎn)人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)

Unit1What’sthematter?I.SentencePatterns(句型)What’sthematter(withyou)?怎么啦？Ihave/catchacold/fever/cough.我感冒/發(fā)燒/咳嗽了。What’swrong/thetroublewithyou?你怎么啦？Ihaveastomachache/headache/toothache/sorethroat.我胃痛/頭痛/牙痛/嗓子痛。Whathappened(toyou)?發(fā)生了什么？Icutmyself/hurtmylegbyaccident.YoushouldseethedentistandgetanXray.Youneedtotakebreaksawayfromtheputer.IthinkIsatinthesamewayfortoolongwithoutmoving.At9:00a.m.yesterday,busNo.26wasgoingalongZhonghuaRoadwhenthedriversawanoldmanlyingonthesideoftheroad.(seesb.doingsth.看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事seesb.dosth.看見(jiàn)某人做過(guò)或常做某事)Thebusdriver,24yearoldWangPing,stoppedthebuswithoutthinkingtwice.Buttohissurprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim.ThankstoMr.Wangandthepassengers,themanwassavedbythedoctorsintime.Heonlythoughtaboutsavingalife.Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedtotakingrisks.ThereweremanytimeswhenAronalmostlosthislifebecauseofaccidents.Butwhenhiswaterranout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.Hewasnotreadytodiethatday.Soheusedhisknifetocutoffhalfhisrightarm.Then,withhisleftarm,hebandagedhimselfsothathewouldnotlosetoomuchblood.(sothat引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句)Inthisbook,Arontellsoftheimportanceofmakinggooddecisions,andofbeingincontrolofone'slife.Hisloveformountainclimbingissogreatthathekeptonclimbingmountainsevenafterthisexperience.(so+adj./adv.+that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句)II.Phrases(短語(yǔ))haveacold/fever/cough感冒/發(fā)燒/咳嗽havetheflu得流感haveastomachache/headache/toothache胃疼/頭疼/牙疼haveasorethroat/back喉嚨疼/背疼liedownandrest/havearest躺下休息drinkhotteawithhoney喝加蜂蜜的熱茶seethedentist看牙醫(yī)=gotothedentist(‘s)getanXray拍X光片takeone’stemperature量體溫putsomemedicineonthecut在傷口上抹藥cut/hurtoneself割傷/傷害自己takebreaks/abreak休息sitinthesamewaywithoutmoving一動(dòng)不動(dòng)地坐著seesb.doing看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事onthesideoftheroad在路邊shoutforhelp呼救withoutthinkingtwice沒(méi)有多想getoff下車haveaheartproblem/disease有心臟病actquickly行動(dòng)迅速takesb.tothehospital送某人去醫(yī)院expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事waitforthenextbus等下一趟公交toone’ssurprise/joy令某人驚訝/高興的是agreetodosth.同意去做某事move…onto…挪到……上面Thanksto…多虧了......；幸虧......besavedby…被......救；得救intime及時(shí)ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)getoutoftrouble脫離困境getintotrouble陷入困境thinkaboutdoingsth.考慮做某事saveone’slife/lives救命rightaway/atonce立刻；馬上theotherday前幾天takegoodcareof好好照顧byaccident意外地putabandageon…用繃帶包扎.....bandagesb.給某人包扎restforafewdays休息幾天putone’sheaddown低下頭pressthesidesofyournose按住你的鼻子兩側(cè)fall/get/feelsick/ill感覺(jué)難受sickchildren生病的孩子haveanosebleed流鼻血cutone’sknee/finger割傷膝蓋/手指gethitonthehead擊中頭部hitsb.onthehead打某人的頭gomountainclimbing去爬山falldown摔倒haveproblemsdoing/withsth.在……方面遇到問(wèn)題haveanaccident出事故beusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣做某事usedtodo/besth.過(guò)去是（......樣）；過(guò)去常常做某takearisk/risks冒險(xiǎn)beinterestedin對(duì)……感興趣loseone’slife/lives失去生命becauseof由于；因?yàn)閛nApril26,2003在2003年4月26號(hào)onthatday在那天a360kilorock一塊360公斤的巖石freeone’sarm松開(kāi)手臂runout(of...)用盡(......)bereadytodo準(zhǔn)備(愿意)做…cutoff切除tellof講述sothat/so…that…以便、因此/如此…以至于…theimportanceof………的重要性beincontrolof...掌管、管理......keepondoing…堅(jiān)持做……h(huán)avethesamespiritas…和……有同樣的精神giveupdoingsth.放棄makeadecision做決定talktoomuch說(shuō)太多III.Grammar(語(yǔ)法)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法定義：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should意為"應(yīng)該;應(yīng)當(dāng)"，其后接動(dòng)詞原形，且沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。其否定形式是shouldnot/shouldn’t。用法：①表示征詢意見(jiàn)和提出建議。e.g.ShouldIputthebaghere?Weshoulddosportseveryday.②表示推測(cè)。e.g.Heshouldbeinthelibrary.③表示義務(wù)或責(zé)任。e.g.Weshouldstudyhard.④表示拒絕、憤怒或驚奇等，常用于疑問(wèn)句或感嘆句中。e.g.Whyshouldhedothat?他為何做出那種事情?反身代詞的用法1.定義：表示反射或強(qiáng)調(diào)的代詞叫作反身代詞。第一、二人稱的反身代詞由形容詞性物主代詞加后綴self或selves構(gòu)成，第三人稱的反身代詞由人稱代詞的賓格加后綴self或selves構(gòu)成。第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myself我自己yourself你自己himself他自己herself她自己itself它自己復(fù)數(shù)ourselves我們自己yourselves你們自己themselves他們自己特例：不定代詞one的反身代詞是oneself2.用法：①作賓語(yǔ)。反身代詞可放在及物動(dòng)詞（短語(yǔ)）或介詞的后面作賓語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)是相同的人或物。＊作及物動(dòng)詞（短語(yǔ)）的賓語(yǔ)：常用于teach,hurt,enjoy,dress,buy,help,lookafter,takecareof等后面。e.g.Tomtaughthimselfmath.湯姆自學(xué)了數(shù)學(xué)。Wemustlookafterourselvesverywell.＊作介詞的賓語(yǔ)：常用于by,except,to,for等后面。e.g.Theoldmanlivesbyhimselfinthecountryside.這位老人獨(dú)自生活在鄉(xiāng)下。Marysaidtoherself,"WhatshouldIdo?"瑪麗自言自語(yǔ)∶"我該怎么辦呢?"②作表語(yǔ)。反身代詞放在be,feel,look,seem等系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)，可以用來(lái)描述身體或精神狀態(tài)。e.g.I’mnotmyselftoday.今天我感覺(jué)不舒服。Iamfeelingmyselfagain.今天我感覺(jué)良好。③作同位語(yǔ)。反身代詞在句中通常作名詞、代詞的同位語(yǔ)，譯為"本身;親自"。反身代詞作主語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)放在主語(yǔ)之后或句子末尾；作賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)放在賓語(yǔ)之后。e.g.Ineverthoughtthathehimselfwoulde.我從來(lái)沒(méi)有想過(guò)他會(huì)親自來(lái)。作從句的主語(yǔ)he的同位Ispoketothemanagerhimself.我和經(jīng)理本人談過(guò)了。