在線網課知慧《化工原理（1）（全英文）(山東科大)》單元測試考核答案

緒論第一章單元測試第二章單元測試第三章單元測試第四章單元測試第五章單元測試第六章單元測試緒論1【單選題】(2分)Theunitoperationofseparationofgasmixturebasedonthedifferenceofcomponents’solubilityis.利用氣體各組分在液體中的溶解度的不同而實現氣體分離的單元操作是。（）A.Adsorption吸附B.Absorption吸收C.Distillation精餾D.Extraction萃取2【單選題】(2分)Pleasejudgewhichfollowingunitoperationbelongstomasstransfer?請判斷哪個單元操作屬于質量傳遞?()A.Settling沉降B.Distillation精餾C.Filtration過濾D.Heating加熱3【單選題】(2分)Whichunitoperationbelongstoheattransfer?哪個單元操作屬于熱量傳遞?()A.Transportationoffluids流體輸送B.Cooling冷卻C.Settling沉降D.Stirring攪拌4【單選題】(2分)Asweallknow,"threetransfers"isaveryimportantconcept,whichincludesmomentum,heat,andmasstransfer,nowjudgewhichfollowingunitoperationbelongstomomentumtransfer?總所周知，三傳是非常重要的概念，它包括動量、熱量和質量傳遞，請判斷哪個單元操作屬于動量傳遞?()A.Cooling冷卻B.Absorption吸收C.Distillation精餾D.Transportationoffluids流體輸送5【單選題】(2分)Someunitoperationsjustinclude1transfer,howeverothersmaybeinclude2or3transfersatthesametime,pleaseindicatetheunitoperationbelowthatexistsmassandheattransfersmeanwhile?一些單元操作只存在一種傳遞，有些則同時存在2到3種單元操作，請指出下面哪個單元操作既屬于質量傳遞同時也屬于熱量傳遞？()A.Heating加熱B.Cooling冷卻C.Distillation精餾D.Transportationoffluids流體輸送第一章單元測試1【判斷題】Gasisacompressiblefluid.氣體是一種可壓縮性的流體。()A.錯B.對2【單選題】(2分)Whentheabsolutepressureofthemeasuredfluidisgreaterthantheexternalatmosphericpressure,thepressuregaugesusedarecalled.當被測流體的絕對壓強大于外界大氣壓強時，所用的測壓儀表稱為。（）A.Speedometer速度表B.LiquidLevelMeter液位計C.Vacuumgauge真空表D.Manometer壓強表3【單選題】(2分)Thereadingofthevacuumgaugeindicatesthequantitythattheabsolutepressureofthemeasuredfluidislowerthantheatmosphericpressure,whichiscalled.真空表上的讀數表示被測流體的絕對壓強低于絕對壓強的讀數，稱為.（）。A.Vacuumdegree真空度B.Gaugepressure表壓強C.Relativepressure相對壓強4【單選題】(2分)18660Paequalsto_________mmHg?18660Pa等于多少mmHg?()A.500mmHgB.140mmHgC.100mmHgD.700mmHg5【單選題】(2分)Pressurecanbeexpressedbyabsolutepressure,gaugepressureandvacuumgauge,ifthereadingofvacuumgaugeintheequipmentis100mmHg,trytocalculatetheabsolutepressure.Giventhattheatmosphericpressureinthisareais740mmHg,thenwhatistheabsolutepressure？壓強可以表示為絕對壓強、表壓和真空度，某設備真空表的讀數是100mmHg，假設當地大氣壓為740mmHg，那它的絕對壓強是多少？()A.840mmHgB.200mmHgC.640mmHgD.500mmHg第二章單元測試1【單選題】(2分)InaHagen-Poiseuilleflow,i.e.laminarpressure-drivenflowinacircularpipe,ifthepressuredropisdoubled,theaverageandmaximumvelocitieswill_____.在哈根-泊謖葉流中，當壓降變?yōu)樵瓉淼膬杀稌r，流體的平均和最大速度會_____。()A.remainconstant保持不變B.averagevelocitywillquadruple,whilemaximumvelocitywilldouble平均速度變?yōu)?倍，最大速度變?yōu)?倍C.bothbecomefourtimes均變?yōu)樵瓉?倍D.bothdouble均變?yōu)樵瓉?倍E.averagevelocitywilldouble,whilemaximumvelocitywillbecomefourtimesaslarge平均速度變?yōu)?倍，最大速度變?yōu)?倍2【單選題】(2分)Boundarylayeroccursin_____.邊界層存在于_____。()A.turbulentflowonly僅存在于湍流中B.laminar,transitionalandturbulentflows層流、湍流和過渡流中C.transitionalflowonly僅存在于過渡流中D.transitionalandturbulentflowsonly僅存在于過渡流和湍流中E.laminarflowonly僅存在于層流中3【單選題】(2分)Thecontinuumhypothesisoffluidmechanicsassumesthatfluidcanbe_____.流體力學的連續(xù)性假設是說，流體可以_____。()A.subjecttothermalfluctuations受到熱擾動的影響B(tài).gasorliquid是氣體或液體C.dividedinfinitely被無限劃分D.noneoftherest其他都不對E.dividedintomoleculesandatoms被劃分為分子和原子4【單選題】(2分)正確答案：EAfluidflowmaybelaminar,turbulentortransitional,dependingonits_____.流體流動究竟是層流、過渡流還是湍流，取決于_____。()A.Froudenumber福祿數B.Bernoullinumber柏努利數C.noneoftherest其他均不對D.Prandtlnumber普朗特數E.Reynoldsnumber雷諾數5【單選題】(2分)Tosolveforthevelocitydistributionofaviscousflow,weshoulduse_____.對于黏性流體，欲求得其速度分布，應該采用_____。()A.Navier-Stokesequation奈維-斯托克斯方程B.Eulerequation歐拉方程C.Darcy-Weisbachequation達西-瓦斯巴赫方程D.Bernoulliequation柏努利方程E.Colebrook-Whiteequation科爾布魯克-懷特方程6【單選題】(2分)Aliquidflowsfromapipeofdiameterintoapipeofdiameter.Theminorlosscoefficientis_____.某液體從直徑為D的管道流入直徑為2D的管道，其局部阻力系數K是_____.()A.3/4B.1/2C.9/16D.1/4E.noneoftherest其他均不對7【單選題】(2分)Aliquidflowisfirstdividedintothreeseparatepipeflowsandlatertheymergeintoasinglestreamagain.Inthisprocess,thetotalheadlossis_____.某股液流先分為三股，隨后又匯為一股。在此過程中，總壓頭損失為_____.()A.zero零B.thesumofheadlossesinallthreepipes三個分支管路中壓頭損失之和C.noneoftherest其他均不對D.1/3oftheinitialtotalhead原總壓頭的1/3E.halfoftheinitialtotalhead原總壓頭的一半第三章單元測試1【單選題】(2分)正確答案：EWhichofthefollowingvalvesisanessentialpartofreciprocatingpumps?下列哪種閥門是容積泵的重要組成部分之一？()A.Plugcock旋塞閥B.Gatevalve閘閥C.Globevalve截止閥D.Ballvalve球閥E.Checkvalve逆止閥2【單選題】(2分)正確答案：EIncreasingthetotalpowerofacentrifugalpumpwillmostlikelycausethedevelopedheadto_____.增大離心泵的總功率最有可能導致泵壓頭_____.()A.toolittleinformationtodetermine無法判斷B.increase上升C.remainconstant不變D.noneoftherest其余都不對E.decrease下降3【單選題】(2分)Whichofthefollowingdevicesneedspriming?下列哪種設備在使用前須灌泵()A.Plungerpump柱塞泵B.Pistonpump活塞泵C.Spur-gearpump外齒輪泵D.Volutepump螺旋泵E.Diaphragmpump隔膜泵4【單選題】(2分)Whichofthefollowingcorrectlylistsgas-movingdevicesinascendingorderintermsoftheirpower(ingeneral)?以下哪個選項是按由小到大的順序將氣體輸送設備的功率范圍加以排列的？()A.Fan＜Positive-displacementBlower＜Positive-displacementCompressor＜CentrifugalBlower＜CentrifugalCompressor風機＜容積式鼓風機＜容積式壓縮機＜離心式鼓風機＜離心式壓縮機B.Fan＜CentrifugalBlower＜CentrifugalCompressor＜Positive-displacementBlower＜Positive-displacementCompressor風機＜離心式鼓風機＜離心式壓縮機＜容積式鼓風機＜容積式壓縮機C.Fan＜Positive-displacementBlower＜CentrifugalBlower＜Positive-displacementCompressor＜CentrifugalCompressor風機＜容積式鼓風機＜離心式鼓風機＜容積式壓縮機＜離心式壓縮機D.Fan＜Positive-displacementBlower＜CentrifugalBlower＜CentrifugalCompressor＜Positive-displacementCompressor風機＜容積式鼓風機＜離心式鼓風機＜離心式壓縮機＜容積式壓縮機E.noneoftherest其余均不對5【單選題】(2分)正確答案：EWenormallyprefergascompressiontobe_____,sothatitcanbedonemoreeasily.從簡易可操作性出發(fā)，我們通常希望希望氣體壓縮過程是_____。()A.isochoric恒容的B.adiabatic絕熱的C.polytropic多方的D.isobaric恒壓的E.isothermal恒溫的6【單選題】(2分)正確答案：EWhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutflowmetersisFALSE?以下關于流量計的哪種說法是錯誤的?()A.TheVenturimetercannotmeasurevelocitydistributioninaflow.文丘里管無法測量流體的速度分布。B.ThePitottubecannotmeasuretheoverallrateofaflow.皮托管無法測量流體的總流量。C.TheVenturimeterhasfixedcrosssectionareas,butvaryingpressuredrop;whilerotameteristheopposite文丘里管利用恒定的橫截面積和變動的壓降來測量流量；轉子流量計則相反。D.Therotametermeasurestheoverallflowrate.轉子流量計可以測量流體總流量。E.Inarotameter,thefloatreachesequilibriumwhendragforcebalancesitsgravity.在轉子流量計中，當轉子達到平衡態(tài)時，它所受的曳力與重力相平衡。第四章單元測試1【判斷題】Wheneverthereisatemperaturedifference,heatmustbetransferredfromthehightemperaturetothelowtemperature.凡是有溫度差存在時，熱就必然從高溫處傳遞到低溫處。（）A.對B.錯2.【多選題】正確答案：BDIntheone-dimensionalsteady-stateheatconductionprocessofthecylinderwall,whichoneinthefollowingstatementistrue？在圓筒壁的一維穩(wěn)態(tài)熱傳導過程中，下列說法正確的是.()A.Thetemperaturedifferenceonbothsidesofeachwallisproportionaltoitsthermalconductivity各層壁面兩側的溫差與其導熱系數成正比B.Thetemperaturedifferenceonbothsidesofeachlayerwallisproportionaltoitslogarithmicmeandiameter各層壁面兩側的溫差與其對數平均直徑成正比C.Thetemperaturedifferenceonbothsidesofeachlayerwallisproportionaltoitslogarithmicaverageare各層壁面兩側的溫差與其對數平均面積成正比D.Thetemperaturedifferenceonbothsidesofeachwallisproportionaltoitsthickness各層壁面兩側的溫差與其厚度成正比3【判斷題】Themainpurposeofsettingbaffleinshellofshellheatexchangeristoincreasetheconvectiveheattransfercoefficient.在管殼式換熱器的殼程設置折流擋板主要目的是為了增加殼程的對流傳熱系數。（）A.對B.錯4【單選題】(2分)Thecoldandhotfluidsarecounter-currentheatexchangersinthecasingheatexchangers.Theinletandoutlettemperaturesofhotfluidare100℃and60℃,andtheinletandoutlettemperaturesofcoldfluidare20℃and50℃,thentheaverageheattransfertemperaturedifferenceis.冷、熱流體在套管換熱器內進行逆流換熱。熱流體的進、出口溫度為100℃何60℃，冷流體的進出口溫度為20℃和50℃，則平均傳熱溫差為。()A.90℃B.33.7℃C.35℃D.44.9℃5.【多選題】正確答案：ADThecorrectdescriptionofradiativeheattransferis.關于輻射傳熱的描述，正確的是。()A.Thermalradiationreferstotheradiationofelectromagneticwavescausedbythermalcauses熱輻射是指因熱的原因引起的電磁波的輻射B.Greybodiesareobjectsthatabsorb50percentofradiantenergyatanywavelengthrange灰體是指對任何波長范圍輻射能的吸收率都為50%的物體C.Thermalraysradiatingontoasurfaceofanobjectcanonlybeabsorbedandreflectedfromthesurface,butcannotpassthrough輻射到物體表面上的熱射線，只能被其吸收和反射，而不能透過D.Thermalraysconsistmainlyofvisibleandinfraredlight熱射線主要由可見光線和紅外光線組成第五章單元測試1【單選題】(2分)Thefreesettlingvelocityofasmallsteelballwithadensityof7800kg/minaliquidwitharelativedensityof1.2is1/4000ofthatinwaterat20℃,thentheviscosityofthesolutionis____(letthesettlingareabelaminarflow).一密度為7800kg/m的小鋼球在相對密度為1.2的某液體中的自由沉降速度為在20℃水中沉降速度的1/4000，則此溶液的粘度為______（設沉降區(qū)為層流）。（）A.40mPa·sB.3382mPa·sC.33.82Pa·sD.4000mPa·s2【單選題】(2分)Theproductivityofdust-settlingchamberdependson_____.降塵室的生產強度取決于_______。()A.Heightandwidthofchamber降塵室的寬度和高度B.Settlingareaandsettlingvelocityofthesmallestparticlethatcanbe100%removed沉降面積和能100%除去的最小顆粒的沉降速度C.Heightofchamberandsettlingvelocityofthesmallestparticlethatcanbe100%removed降塵室長度和能100%除去的最小顆粒的沉降速度D.Settlingareaandheightofchamber沉降面積和降塵室高度3【單選題】(2分)Characteristicsofdust-settlingchamberare_____.降塵室的特點是______。（）A.Simplestructure,smallfluidresistance,butlargevolume,lowseparationefficiency結構簡單，流體阻力小，但體積龐大，分離效率低B.Simplestructure,highseparationefficiency,butlargefluidresistance,largevolume結構簡單，分離效率高，但流體阻力大，體積龐大C.Simplestructure,highseparationefficiency,smallvolume,butlargefluidresistance結構簡單，分離效率高，體積小，但流體阻力大D.Simplestructure,smallfluidresistance,highseparationefficiency,butlargevolume結構簡單，流體阻力小，分離效率高，但體積龐大4.【多選題】正確答案：BCDIndust-settlingchamber,thesettlingvelocityofdustisNOTrelatedto_____.在降塵室中，塵粒的沉降速度與_______無關。（）A.Thehorizontalvelocityofafluid流體的水平流速B.Thedensityofparticlesandfluids顆粒與流體的密度C.Geometricdimensionsofparticles顆粒的幾何尺寸D.Particleshape顆粒的形狀5【判斷題】Themaximumparticlediameterthatcanbecompletelyseparatedbycycloneseparatoriscalledthecriticalparticlediameter.通過旋風分離器能夠完全分離出來的最大顆粒直徑，稱臨界顆粒直徑。（）A.錯B.對第六章單元測試1【單選題】(2分)Intheevaporationoperation,increasedboilingpointofthesolutionisrelatedto________.在蒸發(fā)操作中，溶液的沸點升高，_______。（）A.Thetypeofsolution,nottheconcentration與溶液類別有關，與濃度無關B.Thepressure,butthesolutionconcentrationandtype與壓強有關，與溶液類別、濃度無關C.Thesolutionconcentration,butthetypeofsolutionandpressure與濃度有關，與溶液類別、壓強無關D.Thesolutiontype,concentration,andpressure與溶液類別、濃度及壓強都有關2【單選題】(2分)