2022年6月英語四級(jí)真題 第二套可編輯

2022年06月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試真題(第2套)

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Supposeyouaregoingtowriteaproposaltoyourstudentunionforenriching

students'extracurricularactivities.Youaretowriteaboutwhatactivitiestoorganizeandwhy.

Youwillhave30minutestowritetheproposal.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomore

than180words.

PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)

溫馨提示：2022年6月英語四級(jí)考試實(shí)考1套聽力，本套聽力內(nèi)容與第1套

完全一致，只是選項(xiàng)順序不同，故而未重復(fù)給出。

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectone

wordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthe

passagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentified

byaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasingle

linethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Ifyou'veeverlookedattheingredientslistwhilegroceryshopping,chancesare

you'veseentheterm"naturalflavors".Buthaveyoutakena26toconsiderwhatthese

naturalflavorsactuallyare?

Mostofusmightthinkthat"naturalflavors"are,well,naturallygoodforus.

ArecentstudyinthejournalAppetitefoundthatwhentheword"natural“appears

onpackaging,people27thatthefoodwithinisindeedhealthier.Intruth,natural

flavorsdonot28much,atleastchemicallyspeaking,fromtheirflavor-boosting29:

artificialflavors.Bothcanbemadeinalabbytrainedflavorists,butartificialflavorsuse

chemicalstogiveaproducta30smellortaste.

Naturalflavorscomefromplantoranimal31likefruit,vegetable,meat,fish

ormilkthatisthenprocessedorrefinedinsomeway.Inshort,naturalflavorsare32

fromplantsandanimalstocreatespecificflavorsforprocessedfoods.Butthatdoesnot

33makeiteasiertotellwhatisreallyinyourfood.BecausetheFoodandDrug

Administration(FDA)hasnot34theterm,companiescanuseittorefertopretty

muchanythingderivedfromaplantoranimal.Andnaturalflavorscanalsoincludea

varietyofchemicaladditives,suchaspreservatives.TheFDAdoesn'trequirecompanies

torevealwhatadditionalchemicalsaspecificitem35.

Soifyouwanttoknowforcertainwhatyou'regettingwithyourgroceries,youmight

wanttosticktothefarmerAmarket.

A)acknowledge1)implies

B)chanceJ)necessarily

C)containsK)particular

D)counterpartsL)perceive

E)definedM)second

F)differN)sources

G)especiallyO)strange

H)extracted

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.

Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraph

fromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Each

paragraphismarkedwithaletter.Answerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheet2.

Fakeholidayvillawebsitespromptwarning

A)DuringtheBritishwinter;thethoughtoftwoweeksinacoastalvilla(別墅)with

soul-stirringviewsoftheseaandahugepooltoenjoyisenoughtooffset(抵消)the

laboruntiltheholidaysstart.Foragrowingnumberofpeople,however,theiryearly

breakisturningintoanightmareastheyfindthatthepropertytheyhavepaidthousands

fordoesnotexistandthewebsitethroughwhichtheybookedithasdisappeared.

B)Consumershavebeenwarnedtobeawareofthepotentialfordeceptioninthismarket,

whichisfarfromuncommon.In2017therewere1,632casesofreported

""villafraud(詐騙)“，withvictimslosinganaverageof￡2,052,accordingtoAction

Fraud,thenationalcenterforreportingsuchfrauds.'"Millionsofpoundsarelosteach

yearbydefraudedholidaymakers,saysSeanTiptonoftheAssociationofBritish

TravelAgents(ABTA).

C)Theproblemhasballoonedinthelast10years,withfraudsbecomingmoreandmore

sophisticated.Thefakewebsiteshaveauthentic-soundingnamesinvolvingamixof

keywords,typicallyincludingtheplacename,^summer","villas"or"rentals”.Details

oflegitimate(合法的)villasareoftenstolenfromothersites,"Whenthefraudstersfirst

starteditwasunsophisticated——thewebsiteslookedamateurandtherewasn'talotof

effortJsaysTipton."Nowtheyareclever.Theyextensivelyripofflegitimatewebsites

anduseadifferentwebsitename.They'IIhavepicturesofasalesteamanditmightbea

pooractorinNewYorkthatisdownastheirheadofsales.”

D)FraudsterstargetpopularseasidedestinationsforBritishtouristsvisitingSpainwhere

pricescansoarifdemandexceedssupply.Pricesarekeptwithinreasonablerangesto

avoidarousingsuspicion."Avillamightcost￡5,000elsewhereandtheywillofferitat

say￡3,500.Butabitofagiveawayisthatthevillawillbecheaperthanonother

websitesandthere；'sunlimitedavailability,saysTipton.Fraudstersalsoinvestin

pay-per-clickadvertisingtofeatureatthetopofsearchengineswhenpeopletypein

phrasessuchasuSpanishseasidevillas^.

E)Withsuchadegreeofprofessionalism,howcanconsumersfindoutifthewebsite

they'relookingtobookwithistrustworthy?”Whenpeoplebookholidayvillastheyare

doingsothroughrose-coloredglasses,“saysTonyNeate,chiefexecutiveofGetSafe

Online,“TheyshouldbeGooglingtheproperty,andlookingonwebsiteslikeGoogle

MapsandStreetviewtoseeifit'sthere.Also,speaktothepersonyou'rebookingthe

villawithonalandlinephone,asfraudsterstendtoonlyusemobiles.AAHealsosuggests

askingsomeonenotgoingontheholidaytohavealookatthewebsite."Theymight

spotproblemsyoudon'tspot."Anotherpotentialredflagisbeingaskedtopaybybank

transfer."Theproblemisthatwhenthemoneyleavesyouraccountit'sintheirs

straightawayandit'sveryhardtotrackit,"saysBarclaysBankheadofdigitalsafety,

JodieGilbert."Wegenerallyrecommendotherformsofpayment,likecreditcard.AA

F)Littleseemstobeknownaboutthesefraudsters,“Thereisnowaytodefinitelyknow

whotheyare,AAsaysNeate."Itcouldbeanyone.Itcouldbeyournext-doorneighboror

organizedcrimeinRussia.AAActionFraudsayspeopleshouldensurethecompany

rentingthevillaisamemberofarecognizedtradebodysuchasABIA.

G)“ByworkingwithindustrypartnerssuchasABIAandGetSafeOnline,weareableto

issuealertsaboutthelatestthreatstheyshouldbeawareof.Ifyoubelieveyouhave

fallenvictimtofraudorcyber-crime,pleasereportittoActionFraud,itadds.ABIA

saysitistryingtocombattheissuebyrunningpublicawarenesscampaigns."It'sa

growingproblemandpeoplecan'tstopfraudstersbeingdishonest,??saysTipton.

uThey'restillgoingtodoit.It'snotimpossibletostopbutasit'sinternet-basedit's

hardertopursue.AA

H)NickCooper,thefounderandco-ownerofvillabookingcompanyVillaPlus,estimates

hiscompanyhasuncoveredmorethan200fakevillawebsitesoverthepasttwoyears,

anddoesn'tbelieveenoughisbeingdone."Itishopelesstoreportfakevillawebsitesto

theinternetgiantswhohostthem,八八hesays,"Ifounditimpossibletospeaktoanyone.

Also,onceonebankaccountgetsreported,theysimplyuseanother.AA

I)Fornowtheonlywaytostopfraudstersappearsultimatelytolieinthehandsofthe

consumer,"Whenpeoplebooktheirholidaystheygetsoemotionallyinvolved,and

whentheyfindthatvillaatagoodpricewithavailabilityinpeakseason,theyarean

easytarget,??saysCooper.“Thepublichastolearntobefarmoreawaretheyarea

targetforthesesortoffrauds.AAButit'snotjustthefinancialcost."Afamilywillturnup

atavillaandfindoutitdoesn'texistortheownerdoesn'tknowwhoyouare,AAsays

Tipton."Theproblemthenisyouhavetofindaccommodationatshortnotice.Itcanbe

incrediblyexpensivebutit'stheemotionalcost,too.”

J)CarlaO9ShaughnessyfromSydenhamwassearchinglastyearforagooddealtobooka

villainMajorcaforasummerbreakforthefamily.wascomparingpricesonlineand

foundonethatcameinabitcheaperthanothers,saysO9Shaughnessy.Sheemailedthe

companyviaitswebsite,askinghowfarthevillawasfromtheairportandaboutlocal

restaurants."Theycamebackwithbelievableanswers;itwasallveryfriendlyand

professional,shesays.Happywiththeresponses,O9Shaughnessypaidthefullamount

of￡3,000viabanktransferintothetravelagent'saccountandthenforgotaboutituntil

amonthbeforethebooking.

K)“Itriedloggingontothewebsiteandcouldn't,"sherecalls."IGoogledtheagent's

nameandtherewerelotsofcomplaintsabouthimbeingafraudster.IfonlyI'dGoogled

beforebutIneverthoughtofit,"Althoughshefoundanothervillaintimefortheir

holiday,sheadmitsshewasmuchmorecautious."Ipaidthroughasecurethird-party

siteandhadphoneconversationswiththeagent.ButIwasn'tabletorelaxuntilwe

turnedupandIhadthekeys.,,

36.Fraudstersoftenstealvilla-bookinginformationfromauthenticholidaywebsites.

37.Fraudsterskeepchangingtheirbankaccountstoavoidbeingtracked.

38.Itissuggestedthatpeoplenotgoingontheholidaymighthelpdetectwebsitefrauds.

39.MoreandmoreBritishholidaymakersfindtheseasidevillastheybookedonline

actuallynonexistent.

40.Bycheckinganagent'snameonlinebeforebookingavilla,holidaymakerscanavoid

fallingintotraps.

41.Fraudstersaredifficulttoidentify,accordingtoanonlinesafetyexpert.

42.Holidaymakershavebeenalertedtothefrequentoccurrenceofonlinevilla-booking

frauds.

43.Itisholidaymakersthatcanprotectthemselvesfromfallingvictimtofrauds.

44.Holidaymakersareadvisednottomakepaymentsbybanktransfer.

45.Fraudstersadvertisetheirvillasatreasonablepricessoasnottobesuspected.

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestions

orunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).

YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Socialmediacanbeapowerfulcommunicationtoolforemployees,helpingthemto

collaborate,shareideasandsolveproblems.Researchhasshownthat82%ofemployees

thinksocialmediacanimproveworkrelationshipsand60%believeitcansupport

decision-makingprocesses.Thesebeliefscontributetoamajorityofworkersconnecting

withcolleaguesonsocialmedia,evenduringworkhours.

Employerstypicallyworrythatsocialmediaisaproductivitykiller;morethanhalfof

U.S.employersreportedlyblockaccesstosocialmediaatwork.Inmyresearchwith277

employeesofahealthcareorganizationIfoundtheseconcernstobemisguided.Social

mediadoesn'treduceproductivitynearlyasmuchasitkillsemployeeretention.

InthefirstpartofthestudyIsurveyedtheemployeesaboutwhyandhowtheyused

platformslikeFacebook,Twitter,orLinkedln.Respondentswerethenaskedabouttheir

workbehaviors,includingwhethertheyfeltmotivatedintheirjobsandshowedinitiativeat

work.Ifoundemployeeswhoengageinonlinesocialinteractionswithco-workersthrough

socialmediablogstendtobemoremotivatedandcomeupwithinnovativeideas.Butwhen

employeesinteractwithindividualsoutsidetheorganization,theyarelessmotivatedand

showlessinitiative.

InthesecondpartofthestudyIfound76%ofemployeesusingsocialmediaforwork

tookaninterestinotherorganizationstheyfoundonsocialmedia.WhenIexaminedhow

respondentsexpressedopennesstonewcareersandemployers,Ifoundthattheyengagedin

somekeyactivitiesincludingresearchingneworganizationsandmakingnewwork

connections.

Thesefindingspresentadilemmaformanagers:employeesusingsocialmediaatwork

aremoreengagedandmoreproductive,buttheyarealsomorelikelytoleaveyour

company.Managersshouldimplementsolutionsthatneutralizetheretentionriskcausedby

socialmedia.

Theycancreatesocialmediagroupsinwhichemployeeswillbemorelikelyto

collaborateandlesslikelytosharewithdrawalintentionsordiscussionsaboutexternaljob

opportunities.Managerscanalsousesocialmediatodirectlyreduceturnover(跳槽)

intentions,byrecognizingemployees'accomplishmentsandgivingvisibilitytoemployees'

successstories.

46.Whatdoespreviousresearchaboutsocialmediareveal?

A)Mostemployeesthinkpositivelyofit.

B)Itimprovesemployees'workefficiency.

C)Itenablesemployeestoformconnections.

D)Employeesspendmuchoftheirworktimeonit.

47.Whatdidtheauthor'sownresearchfindaboutsocialmedia?

A)Itinfluencesemployees'worknegatively.

B)Itdoesmuchharmtoemployeeloyalty.

C)Itkillsemployees?motivationforwork.

D)Itaffectsemployers?decision-making.

48.Whatdidtheauthorfindinhisstudyabouttheeffectofonlinesocialinteractions?

A)Itdiffersfromemployeetoemployee.

B)Ittendstovarywiththeplatformused.

C)Ithasmuchtodowithwhomemployeesinteractwith.

D)Itishardtomeasurewhenemployeesinteractwithoutsiders.

49.Whatproblemwasfoundwithemployeesusingsocialmediaforwork?

A)Theyseldomexpressedtheirinnerthoughts.

B)Mostofthemexplorednewjobopportunities.

C)Theywerereluctanttocollaboratewithothers.

D)Manyofthemendedwithlowerproductivity.

50.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestmanagersdotoneutralizetheretentionrisk?

A)Givepromotionstoemployeesfortheiraccomplishments.

B)Createopportunitiesforemployeestosharesuccessstories.

C)Acknowledgeemployees?achievementsthroughsocialmedia.

D)Encourageemployeestoincreasetheirvisibilityonsocialmedia.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Inthecomingeraofbudgetcutstoeducation,distancelearningcouldbecomethe

norm.

Thetemptationforthoseinchargeofeducationbudgetstotradeteachersfor

technologycouldbesostrongthattheyignorethedisadvantagesofdistancelearning.

Schoolfacilitiesareexpensivetobuildandmaintain,andteachersareexpensivetoemploy.

Onlineclassesdonotrequirebuildingsandeachclasscanhosthundredsofpeople

simultaneously,resultingingreatersavings,thusincreasingthetemptationofdistance

educationforthoseconcernedmoreaboutbudgetsthanlearning.Butmovingawayfroma

traditionalclassroominwhichaliving,breathinghumanbeingteachesandinteractswith

studentsdailywouldbeadisaster.Physicallyattendingschoolhashiddenbenefits:getting

upeverymorning,interactingwithpeers,andbuildingrelationshipswithteachersare

essentialskillstocultivateinyoungpeople.Moreover,schoolsshouldbemorethansimple

institutionsoftraditionallearning.Theyarenowplacesthatprovidemeals.Theyareplaces

wherestudentsreceivecounselingandothersupport.

Thosepolicy-makersareoftenfascinatedbythelatesttechnologyineducationandits

potentialtoutransform“educationovernight.Butonlineeducationdoesnotallowateacher

tokeepastrugglingstudentafterclassandofferhelp.Educationalvideosmaydeliver

academiccontent,buttheyareunabletomakeeyecontactorassessastudent'slevelof

engagement.Distanceeducationwillnevermatchthepersonalteachinginatraditional

classroom.Intheirfirst18yearsoflife,Americanchildrenspendonly9%oftheirtimein

school.Yetteachersareexpectedtopreparethemtoberesponsiblecitizens,cultivatetheir

socialskills,encouragesuccessfultimemanagement,andenhancetheircapacitytoflourish

inanincreasinglyharshlabormarket.Giventheseexpectations,schoolsshouldnotbecome

permanently“remote”.

Thepoweroftheclassroomisrootedinthehumanityofthepeoplegatheredinthe

sameplace,atth