柯林斯詞典版-人教版高中英語選修7U5詞匯表

人教版高中英語選修七UNIT5柯林斯高級英漢雙解詞典M7Unit5adjustto適應(yīng)；調(diào)節(jié)keepitup保持優(yōu)秀成績；繼續(xù)干下去fitin相適應(yīng)；相融合(fitting,fit,fits)PHRASALVERBIfyoumanagetofitapersonortaskin,youmanagetofindtimetodealwiththem.安排時間處理例：Weworklonghoursbothoutsideandinsidethehomeandwerusharoundtryingtofiteverythingin.我們在家在外都長時間地工作，我們到處奔波，盡力安排時間做每一件事。2、PHRASALVERBIfyoufitinaspartofagroup,youseemtobelongtherebecauseyouaresimilartotheotherpeopleinit.相處融洽例：Shewasgreatwiththechildrenandfitinbeautifully.她對孩子們很有一手，相處得非常融洽。3、PHRASALVERBIfyousaythatsomeoneorsomethingfitsin,youunderstandhowtheyformpartofaparticularsituationorsystem.(在某情形、體系中)發(fā)揮作用例：HeknewwhereIfittedinandwhathehadtodotogetthebestoutofme.他知道我在哪里能發(fā)揮作用，以及他怎樣做才能發(fā)揮我的最佳水平。4、motherland/?m?e??l?nd/n.祖國N-SINGThemotherlandisthecountryinwhichyouoryourancestorswerebornandtowhichyoustillfeelemotionallylinked,evenifyoulivesomewhereelse.祖國;故土[usu'the'N]例：...loveforthemotherland....對祖國的熱愛。visa/?vi?z?/n.簽證(visas)N-COUNTAvisaisanofficialdocument,orastampputinyourpassport,thatallowsyoutoenterorleaveaparticularcountry.簽證例：Hisvisitor'svisaexpired.他的訪問簽證過期了。例：...anexitvisa.…一張出境簽證。queue/kju?/n.隊(duì)列；行列vi.排隊(duì)(queuing,queued,queues)N-COUNTAqueueisalistofcomputertaskswhichwillbedoneinorder.隊(duì)列(指等待計(jì)算機(jī)逐個處理的任務(wù)列表)[計(jì)算機(jī)]例：YourprintjobhasalreadybeensentfromyourPCtothenetworkprintqueue.你的打印任務(wù)已經(jīng)從你的個人電腦輸送到網(wǎng)絡(luò)打印隊(duì)列了。2、V-TToqueueanumberofcomputertasksmeanstoarrangethemtobedoneinorder.將(計(jì)算機(jī)任務(wù))排序[計(jì)算機(jī)]3、N-COUNTAqueueisalineofpeopleorvehiclesthatarewaitingforsomething.(等候的)一隊(duì)人;一列車輛[英國英語]例：Childrenclutchingemptybowlsformaqueue.抓著空碗的孩子們排成一隊(duì)。4、N-COUNTIfyousaythereisaqueueofpeoplewhowanttodoorhavesomething,youmeanthatalotofpeoplearewaitingforanopportunitytodoitorhaveit.眾多[英國英語]5、V-IWhenpeoplequeue,theystandinalinewaitingforsomething.排隊(duì)等候[英國英語]6、PHRASALVERBQueueupmeansthesameas.排隊(duì)等候6、cafeteria/?k?f??t??r??/n.自助食堂；自助餐廳(cafeterias)N-COUNTAcafeteriaisarestaurantwhereyouchooseyourfoodfromacounterandtakeittoyourtableafterpayingforit.Cafeteriasareusuallyfoundinpublicbuildingssuchashospitals,colleges,andoffices.自助餐廳7、lecture/?l?kt??/n.&vi.演講；講課(lecturing,lectured,lectures)1、N-COUNTAlectureisatalksomeonegivesinordertoteachpeopleaboutaparticularsubject,usuallyatauniversityorcollege.講座例：...aseriesoflecturesbyProfessorEricRobinson.…埃里克·魯濱遜教授的系列講座。2、V-IIfyoulectureonaparticularsubject,yougivealectureoraseriesoflecturesaboutit.講授例：ShetheninvitedhimtoAtlantatolectureonthehistoryofart.她于是邀請他去亞特蘭大講授藝術(shù)史。3、V-TIfsomeonelecturesyouaboutsomething,theycriticizeyouortellyouhowtheythinkyoushouldbehave.批評;責(zé)備例：Heusedtolecturemeaboutgettingtoomuchsun.他過去經(jīng)常批評我太陽曬得過多。例：Chuckwouldlectureme,tellingmetogetahaircut.查克會責(zé)備我，叫我去理發(fā)。4、N-COUNTLectureisalsoanoun.批評;責(zé)備例：Ourcaptaingaveusasternlectureonsafety.我們的船長在安全問題上給了我們嚴(yán)厲的批評。8、qualification/?kw?l?f??ke???n/n.資格；資歷(qualifications)1、N-COUNTYourqualificationsaretheofficialdocumentsortitlesyouhavethatshowyourlevelofeducationandtraining.資格;學(xué)歷例："Doyouhaveanyqualifications?"—"Yes,I'mcertifiedtoteachhighschool."“你有資格嗎？”—“有，我有資格教高中?！?、N-UNCOUNTQualificationistheactofpassingtheexaminationsyouneedtoworkinaparticularprofession.資格取得例：Shehasmettheminimumeducationalrequirementsforqualification.她已達(dá)到了資格取得所需的最低教育水準(zhǔn)。3、N-COUNTThequalificationsyouneedforanactivityortaskarethequalitiesandskillsthatyouneedtobeabletodoit.素質(zhì);技能例：Responsibilityandreliabilityarenecessaryqualifications,aswellasafriendlyandoutgoingpersonality.責(zé)任感和可靠性是必需的素質(zhì)，友善和外向的性格也必不可少。4、N-VARAqualificationisadetailorexplanationthatyouaddtoastatementtomakeitlessstrongorlessgeneral.限制條件例：Theempiricalevidenceconsideredhereissubjecttomanyqualifications.這里所考慮的經(jīng)驗(yàn)證據(jù)有許多限制條件。5、N-COUNTYourqualificationsaretheexaminationsthatyouhavepassed.(已通過的)資格考試[英國英語]例：LucyThomson,16,wantstostudytheatrebutneedsmorequalifications.露西·湯姆森16歲，想學(xué)戲劇，但還需要通過更多的資格考試。9、preparation/?pr?p??re???n/n.準(zhǔn)備；預(yù)備(preparations)1、N-UNCOUNTPreparationistheprocessofgettingsomethingreadyforuseorforaparticularpurpose,ormakingarrangementsforsomething.準(zhǔn)備例：Rubthesurfaceofthewoodinpreparationforthevarnish.打摩木頭的表面為上油漆做準(zhǔn)備。例：Fewthingsdistractedthepastorfromthepreparationofhisweeklysermons.幾乎沒有什么事情使該牧師從他每周布道的準(zhǔn)備中分心。2、N-PLURALPreparationsareallthearrangementsthataremadeforafutureevent.準(zhǔn)備工作例：TheUnitedStatesismakingpreparationsforalarge-scaleairliftof1,200Americancitizens.美國在為一次1200名美國公民的大規(guī)?？者\(yùn)做準(zhǔn)備。3、N-COUNTApreparationisamixturethathasbeenpreparedforuseasfood,medicine,oracosmetic.(用作食品、藥品或化妝品的)配制品例：...anti-agingcreamsandsensitive-skinpreparations.…抗衰老面霜和針對敏感皮膚的制劑。10、recommend/?r?k??m?nd/vt.推薦；建議(recommending,recommended,recommends)V-TIfsomeonerecommendsapersonorthingtoyou,theysuggestthatyouwouldfindthatpersonorthinggoodoruseful.推薦例：Ijustspentaholidaythereandwouldrecommendittoanyone.我剛在那兒度過一個假期，愿意向任何人推薦那里。例："You'reagoodworker,"hetoldhim."I'llrecommendyouforapromotion."“你是名好員工，”他說。“我要推薦你升職。”2、recommendedADJ被推崇的例：Thoughtenyearsold,thisbookishighlyrecommended.盡管已出版10年了，這本書仍備受推崇。3、V-TIfyourecommendthatsomethingisdone,yousuggestthatitshouldbedone.建議例：Thejudgerecommendedthatheserve20yearsinprison.法官建議判他入獄服刑20年。例：Westronglyrecommendreportingtheincidenttothepolice.我們強(qiáng)烈建議將此事報(bào)警。4、V-TIfsomethingorsomeonehasaparticularqualitytorecommendthem,thatqualitymakesthemattractiveorgivesthemanadvantageoversimilarthingsorpeople.使受歡迎;使有優(yōu)勢例：LaCucinarestauranthasmuchtorecommendit.拉庫奇那餐館有許多值得稱道的地方。11、shopkeeper/???p?ki?p?/n.店主(shopkeepers)N-COUNTAshopkeeperisapersonwhoownsormanagesashop.店主;商店經(jīng)理12、idiom/??d??m/n.習(xí)語；成語(idioms)N-COUNTAnidiomisagroupofwordsthathaveadifferentmeaningwhenusedtogetherfromtheonetheywouldhaveifyoutookthemeaningofeachwordseparately.習(xí)語[技術(shù)]例：...familiaridiomsandmetaphors,suchas"turningoveranewleaf."…如“翻開新的一頁”這樣熟悉的習(xí)語和比喻。13、comfort/?k?mf?t/n.舒適；安慰vt.安慰(comforting,comforted,comforts)1、N-UNCOUNTIfyouaredoingsomethingincomfort,youarephysicallyrelaxedandcontented,andarenotfeelinganypainorotherunpleasantsensations.舒服例：Thiswillenabletheaudiencetositincomfortwhilewatchingtheshows.這能使觀眾看演出時舒服地坐著。.2、N-UNCOUNTComfortisastyleoflifeinwhichyouhaveenoughmoneytohaveeverythingyouneed.舒適例：Surelythereissomewayoforderingourbusylivessothatwecanliveincomfortandfindspiritualharmonytoo.一定會有辦法把我們繁忙的生活安排得既舒適又能找到內(nèi)心平靜。.3、N-UNCOUNTComfortiswhatyoufeelwhenworriesorunhappinessstop.安慰例：Hewelcomedthetruce,butpointedoutitwasoflittlecomforttofamiliesspendingChristmaswithoutalovedone.他歡迎休戰(zhàn)，但指出這對于沒有親人共度圣誕節(jié)的家庭并無多少安慰。例：TheywillbeabletotakesomecomfortfrominflationfiguresdueonFriday.他們將會從預(yù)定在周五發(fā)布的通貨膨脹數(shù)字中得到些安慰。4、N-COUNTIfyourefertoaperson,thing,orideaasacomfort,youmeanthatithelpsyoutostopworryingormakesyoufeellessunhappy.安慰例：It'sacomforttalkingtoyou.與你談?wù)勈且环N安慰。5、N-COUNTComfortsarethingswhichmakeyourlifeeasierandmorepleasant,suchaselectricaldevicesyouhaveinyourhome.使生活舒適的東西例：Sheenjoysthematerialcomfortsmarriedlifehasbroughther.她享受著婚姻生活帶給她的物質(zhì)上的舒適。6、V-TIfyoucomfortsomeone,youmakethemfeellessworried,unhappy,orupset,forexamplebysayingkindthingstothem.安慰例：Nedputhisarmaroundher,tryingtocomforther.內(nèi)德?lián)е噲D安慰她。7、PHRASEIfyousaythatsomethingis,forexample,toocloseforcomfort,youmeanyouareworriedbecauseitiscloserthanyouwouldlikeittobe.因(比如太近)而使人不安的例：Thebombsfellinthesea,manytoocloseforcomfort.那些炸彈落進(jìn)了海里，很多落得太近而使人不安。14、substitute/?s?bst??tju?t/n.代替者；代用品vt.用……代替……(substituting,substituted,substitutes)1、V-T/V-IIfyousubstituteonethingforanother,orifonethingsubstitutesforanother,ittakestheplaceorperformsthefunctionoftheotherthing.以…代替;代替例：Theyweresubstitutingviolencefordialogue.他們那時在以暴力代替對話。例：HewassubstitutingfortheinjuredWilliamWales.他那時在代替受傷的威廉·威爾士。2、substitutionN-VAR代替例：Inmyexperienceastraightsubstitutionofcarobforchocolatedoesn'twork.以我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，角豆直接代替巧克力不會奏效。3、N-COUNTAsubstituteissomethingthatyouhaveoruseinsteadofsomethingelse.替代者例：Sheisseekingasubstitutefortheverymanwhosedeparturemadehercry.他在尋找一個男人的替代者，這個男人的離去曾使她傷心落淚。4、N-COUNTIfyousaythatonethingisnosubstituteforanother,youmeanthatitdoesnothavecertaindesirablefeaturesthattheotherthinghas,andisthereforeunsatisfactory.Ifyousaythatthereisnosubstituteforsomething,youmeanthatitistheonlythingwhichisreallysatisfactory.可替代者例：Theprintedwordisnosubstituteforpersonaldiscussionwithagreatthinker.印刷字無法替代與偉大思想家的當(dāng)面交流。5、N-COUNTInteamgamessuchasfootball,asubstituteisaplayerwhoisbroughtintoagametoreplaceanotherplayer.替補(bǔ)隊(duì)員例：Jeffersonenteredasasubstituteinthe60thminute.杰斐遜在第60分鐘時作為替補(bǔ)隊(duì)員上了場。15、academic/??k??d?m?k/adj.學(xué)校的；學(xué)術(shù)的(academics)1、ADJAcademicisusedtodescribethingsthatrelatetotheworkdoneinschools,colleges,anduniversities,especiallyworkthatinvolvesstudyingandreasoningratherthanpracticalortechnicalskills.學(xué)術(shù)上的[ADJn]例：Theiracademicstandardsarehigh.他們的學(xué)術(shù)水平很高。2、academicallyADV學(xué)術(shù)上地例：Heisacademicallygifted.他在學(xué)術(shù)方面有天份。3、ADJAcademicisusedtodescribethingsthatrelatetoschools,colleges,anduniversities.學(xué)校的[ADJn]例：...thestartofthelastacademicyear.…上一個學(xué)年的開始。4、ADJAcademicisusedtodescribework,oraschool,college,oruniversity,thatplacesemphasisonstudyingandreasoningratherthanonpracticalortechnicalskills.學(xué)術(shù)的例：Theauthorhassettledforamoreacademicapproach.該作者已經(jīng)確定了一種更學(xué)術(shù)的方法。.5、ADJSomeonewhoisacademicisgoodatstudying.學(xué)習(xí)好的例：Thesystemisfailingmostdisastrouslyamonglessacademicchildren.這種制度在學(xué)習(xí)不太好的學(xué)生中最失敗。6、ADJYoucansaythatadiscussionorsituationisacademicifyouthinkitisnotimportantbecauseithasnorealeffectorcannothappen.空談的例：Whowantstohearaboutcontractsanddeadlinesthatarepurelyacademic?誰想聽那些完全不切實(shí)際的合同和最后期限呢?7、N-COUNTAnacademicisamemberofauniversityorcollegewhoteachesordoesresearch.學(xué)者例：Agroupofacademicssaytheycanpredicthousepricesthroughacomputerprogram.一批學(xué)者聲稱，他們可以通過一種電腦程序預(yù)測房價。16、requirement/r??kwa??m?nt/n.需要；要求(requirements)1、N-COUNTArequirementisaqualityorqualificationthatyoumusthaveinordertobeallowedtodosomethingortobesuitableforsomething.必備條件例：Itsproductsmetalllegalrequirements.它的產(chǎn)品滿足了所有法定的必備條件。2、N-COUNTYourrequirementsarethethingsthatyouneed.需要;必需品[正式]例：Variationsofthisprogrammecanbearrangedtosuityourrequirements.這個軟件可以被設(shè)置成各種各樣的形式以適應(yīng)你們的需要。17、essay/??se?/n.文章；散文(essays)1、N-COUNTAnessayisashortpieceofwritingonaparticularsubjectwrittenbyastudent.(學(xué)生寫的)短文例：WeaskedJasontowriteanessayabouthishometown.我們讓杰森寫一篇關(guān)于他家鄉(xiāng)的短文。2、N-COUNTAnessayisashortpieceofwritingonaparticularsubjectthatiswrittenbyawriterforpublication.(作家寫的)文章例：...ThomasMalthus'sessayonpopulation.…托馬斯·馬爾薩斯關(guān)于人口的文章。18、tutor/?tju?t?/n.導(dǎo)師；助教；家庭教師(tutors)1、N-COUNTAtutorissomeonewhogivesprivatelessonstoonestudentoraverysmallgroupofstudents.家庭教師例：...aSpanishtutor.…一位西班牙語家庭教師。2、N-COUNTInsomeAmericanuniversitiesorcolleges,atutorisateacherofthelowestrank.(一些美國大學(xué)或?qū)W院的)助教19、△revise/r??va?z/vt.復(fù)查；修正；復(fù)習(xí)(revising,revised,revises)1、V-TIfyourevisethewayyouthinkaboutsomething,youadjustyourthoughts,usuallyinordertomakethembetterormoresuitedtohowthingsare.修正(對某事的想法)例：Withtimehecametorevisehisopinionoftheprofession.隨著時間的推移，他開始修正自己對這一職業(yè)的看法。2、V-TIfyoureviseaprice,amount,orestimate,youchangeittomakeitmorefair,realistic,oraccurate.調(diào)整(使更合理、實(shí)際、準(zhǔn)確)例：Theyrealizedthatsomeoftheirpriceswerehigherthantheircompetitors'andrevisedpricesaccordingly.他們意識到他們的部分價格比競爭對手的高，就相應(yīng)地調(diào)整了價格。3、V-TWhenyoureviseanarticle,abook,alaw,orapieceofmusic,youchangeitinordertoimproveit,makeitmoremodern,ormakeitmoresuitableforaparticularpurpose.修改;修訂(使改進(jìn)、更時尚、更適于某目的)例：Threeeditorshandledtheworkofrevisingthearticlesforpublication.3名編輯負(fù)責(zé)對要出版的文章進(jìn)行修訂的工作。4、V-IWhenyoureviseforanexamination,youreadthingsagainandmakenotesinordertobepreparedfortheexamination.(為考試)復(fù)習(xí)[英國英語]例：Revisingforexamsgivesyouachancetobringtogetheralltheindividualpartsofthecourse.考前復(fù)習(xí)給你一個把課程各獨(dú)立部分融會貫通的機(jī)會。例：Reviewallthenotesyouneedtocoverforeachcourse.復(fù)習(xí)所有你需要涵蓋的每門課的筆記。20、revision/r??v???n/n.復(fù)查；修正；復(fù)習(xí)(revisions)1、N-VARTomakearevisionofsomethingthatiswrittenorsomethingthathasbeendecidedmeanstomakechangestoitinordertoimproveit,makeitmoremodern,ormakeitmoresuitableforaparticularpurpose.修改;修正例：Thephaseofwritingthatisactuallymostimportantisrevision.寫作中真正最重要的階段是修改。2、N-UNCOUNTWhenpeoplewhoarestudyingdorevision,theyreadthingsagainandmakenotesinordertoprepareforanexamination.復(fù)習(xí)[英國英語]21、draft/drɑ?ft/n.草稿；草案vt.草擬；起草(drafting,drafted,drafts)1、N-COUNTAdraftisanearlyversionofaletter,book,orspeech.草稿;初稿例：Irewrotehisroughdraft,whichwaspublishedundermyname.我改寫了他那篇以我的名義發(fā)表了的初稿。例：Ifaxedafirstdraftofthisarticletohim.我把這篇文章的初稿傳真給他。.2、N-COUNTAdraftisawrittenorderforpaymentofmoneybyabank,especiallyfromonebanktoanother.匯票例：PaymentsmustbemadeinU.S.dollarsbyabankdraftdrawntotheorderoftheUnitedNationsPostalAdministration.付款必須用開給聯(lián)合國郵政管理處的銀行匯票，并以美元支付。3、N-COUNTAdraftisacurrentofairthatcomesintoaplaceinanundesirableway.(鉆進(jìn)某處的)風(fēng)[美國英語]例：Blockdraftsarounddoorsandwindows.擋住門窗周圍的風(fēng)。4、V-TWhenyoudraftaletter,book,orspeech,youwritethefirstversionofit.起草例：Hedraftedalettertotheeditors.他草擬了一封給編輯的信。5、V-TIfyouaredrafted,youareorderedtoserveinthearmedforces,usuallyforalimitedperiodoftime.征兵[美國英語][usupassive]例：DuringtheSecondWorldWar,hewasdraftedintotheU.S.Army.第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，他應(yīng)征加入美國陸軍。6、V-TIfpeoplearedraftedtodosomething,theyareaskedtodoaparticularjob.選派例：ShehopedthatFoxcouldbedraftedtoruntheorganization.她希望?？怂鼓軌虮贿x派來掌管這個組織。7、N-SINGThedraftisthepracticeoforderingpeopletoserveinthearmedforces,usuallyforalimitedperiodoftime.征兵[美國英語]例：...hisefforttoavoidthedraft.…他逃避兵役的努力。22、numb/n?m/adj.麻木的；失去知覺的(numbing,numbed,numbs)1、ADJIfapartofyourbodyisnumb,youcannotfeelanythingthere.麻木的例：Hecouldfeelhisfingersgrowingnumbattheirtips.他能感覺到他的手指尖正在變得麻木。2、numbnessN-UNCOUNT麻木例：Ihaverecentlybeensufferingfrompainandnumbnessinmyhands.近來我雙手一直疼痛、麻木。3、ADJIfyouarenumbwithshock,fear,orgrief,youaresoshocked,frightened,orupsetthatyoucannotthinkclearlyorfeelanyemotion.木然的例：Themother,numbwithgrief,hastroublespeaking.那位母親，由于悲傷而木然，說不出話來。4、numbnessN-UNCOUNT木然例：Manymenbecomemoreawareofemotionalnumbnessintheir40s.很多男性四十多歲時愈發(fā)意識到自己情感上的麻木。5、V-TIfaneventorexperiencenumbsyou,youcannolongerthinkclearlyorfeelanyemotion.使木呆例：ForawhiletheshockofPhilippe'sletternumbedher.收到菲利普來信的驚愕讓她木呆了好一會兒。6、numbedADJ驚呆的例：I'msonumbedwithshockthatIcanhardlythink.我被驚呆了，以致幾乎無法思考。7、V-TIfcoldweather,adrug,orablownumbsapartofyourbody,youcannolongerfeelanythinginit.使失去知覺例：Thecoldnumbedmyfingers.寒冷使我的手指失去了知覺。例：Aninjectionoflocalanaestheticisusuallygivenfirsttonumbthearea.通常先局部麻藥注射使這一部位失去知覺。23、acknowledge/?k?n?l?d?/vt.承認(rèn)；確認(rèn)；答謝(acknowledging,acknowledged,acknowledges)V-TIfyouacknowledgeafactorasituation,youacceptoradmitthatitistrueorthatitexists.承認(rèn)(事實(shí)或情況)[正式]例：Nayloracknowledged,inalettertothejudge,thathewasadrugaddict.在一封寫給法官的信中，內(nèi)勒承認(rèn)他是一個吸毒者。例：Belatedly,thegovernmenthasacknowledgedtheproblem.政府過晚地承認(rèn)了這個問題。2、V-TIfsomeone'sachievements,status,orqualitiesareacknowledged,theyareknownaboutandrecognizedbyalotofpeople,orbyaparticulargroupofpeople.認(rèn)可(某人的成就、地位或品質(zhì))例：Heisalsoacknowledgedasanexcellentgoalkeeper.他還被認(rèn)可為一名優(yōu)秀的守門員。3、V-TIfyouacknowledgeamessageorletter,youwritetothepersonwhosentitinordertosaythatyouhavereceivedit.確認(rèn)收到例：Thearmysentmeapostcardacknowledgingmyrequest.軍方寄給我一張明信片以確認(rèn)收到了我的請求。4、V-TIfyouacknowledgesomeone,forexample,bymovingyourheadorsmiling,youshowthatyouhaveseenandrecognizedthem.(點(diǎn)頭或微笑)向…致意例：Hesawherbutrefusedtoevenacknowledgeher.他看到了她，但甚至都拒絕向她致意。24、asfarasoneisconcerned就……而言25、contradict/?k?ntr??d?kt/vt.反駁；反斥(contradicting,contradicted,contradicts)1、V-TIfyoucontradictsomeone,youtellthemthatwhattheyhavejustsaidiswrong,orsuggestthatitiswrongbysayingsomethingdifferent.反駁例：Shedarednotcontradicthim.她不敢反駁他。例：Hiscommentsappearedtocontradictremarksmadeearlierinthedaybythechairman.他的評論好像在反駁主席當(dāng)天早些時候的言論。2、V-TIfonestatementorpieceofevidencecontradictsanother,thefirstonemakesthesecondoneappeartobewrong.與…矛盾例：Herversioncontradictedherdaughter's.她的說法與她女兒的說法相矛盾。26、autonomous/???t?n?m?s/adj.自主的；自治的；獨(dú)立的1、ADJAnautonomouscountry,organization,orgroupgovernsorcontrolsitselfratherthanbeingcontrolledbyanyoneelse.自治的例：Theyproudlydeclaredthemselvespartofanewautonomousprovince.他們自豪地宣布自己是新自治省的一部分。2、ADJAnautonomouspersonmakestheirowndecisionsratherthanbeinginfluencedbysomeoneelse.獨(dú)立自主的例：Hetreatedusasautonomousindividualswhohadtolearntomakeupourownmindsaboutissues.他視我們?yōu)楠?dú)立個體，必須學(xué)會自主處理問題。27、occupy/??kj??pa?/vt.占用；占領(lǐng)；占據(jù)(occupying,occupied,occupies)1、V-TThepeoplewhooccupyabuildingoraplacearethepeoplewholiveorworkthere.占用(某建筑、某地)例：Therewereover40tenants,alloccupyingonewingofthebuilding.有40多位房客，都住在該大樓的一翼。2、V-TPASSIVEIfaroomorsomethingsuchasaseatisoccupied,someoneisusingit,sothatitisnotavailableforanyoneelse.占用(座位等)例：Thehospitalbedisoccupiedbyhiswife.那張病床由他妻子占用。3、V-TIfagroupofpeopleoranarmyoccupiesaplaceorcountry,theymoveintoit,usingforceinordertogaincontrolofit.占領(lǐng)例：U.S.forcesnowoccupyapartofthecountry.美國軍隊(duì)現(xiàn)在占領(lǐng)著該國的一部分地區(qū)。4、V-TIfsomeoneorsomethingoccupiesaparticularplaceinasystem,process,orplan,theyhavethatplace.占有(某位置)例：Manymenstilloccupymorepositionsofpowerthanwomen.許多男性仍比女性占有更多的權(quán)力職位。5、V-TIfsomethingoccupiesyou,orifyouoccupyyourself,yourtime,oryourmindwithit,youarebusydoingthatthingorthinkingaboutit.(某事物)占據(jù)(某人);使(自己、自己的時間、自己的思維)被(某事物)占據(jù)例：Hercareeroccupiesallofhertime.她的事業(yè)占用了她所有的時間。例：Heoccupiedhimselfwithpackingthecar.他忙于裝那輛車。6、occupiedADJ占用的[v-linkADJ]例：Keepthebrainoccupied.不讓腦子閑下來。7、V-TIfsomethingoccupiesyou,itrequiresyourefforts,attention,ortime.(某事物)占用(某人)例：Ihadothermatterstooccupyme,duringthedayatleast.我有別的事要做，至少白天要被占用。8、V-TIfsomethingoccupiesaparticularareaorplace,itfillsorcoversit,orexiststhere.(某事物)占據(jù)(某區(qū)域、某地)例：Evensmallaircraftoccupyalotofspace.即便小飛機(jī)也占很多空間。28、beoccupiedwith忙著做……；忙于某事物29、enterprise/??nt??pra?z/n.事業(yè)；事業(yè)心(enterprises)1、N-COUNTAnenterpriseisacompanyorbusiness.公司;企業(yè)[商業(yè)]例：Thereareplentyofsmallindustrialenterprises.有很多小型的工業(yè)企業(yè)。2、N-COUNTAnenterpriseissomethingnew,difficult,orimportantthatyoudoortrytodo.事業(yè)例：Horsebreedingisindeedariskyenterprise.養(yǎng)馬的確是一項(xiàng)有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的事業(yè)。3、N-UNCOUNTEnterpriseistheactivityofmanagingcompaniesandbusinessesandstartingnewones.創(chuàng)業(yè)[商業(yè)]例：Heisstillinvolvedinvoluntaryworkpromotinglocalenterprise.他仍從事志愿工作推動當(dāng)?shù)貏?chuàng)業(yè)。4、N-UNCOUNTEnterpriseistheabilitytothinkofnewandeffectivethingstodo,togetherwithaneagernesstodothem.開創(chuàng)力;開拓精神[表贊許]例：...thespiritofenterpriseworthyofafreeandindustriouspeople.…與一個自由勤勞的民族相稱的開拓精神。30、apology/??p?l?d??/n.道謙；謝罪(apologies).1、N-VARAnapologyissomethingthatyousayorwriteinordertotellsomeonethatyouaresorrythatyouhavehurtthemorcausedtroubleforthem.表達(dá)歉意的言辭例：Ididn'tgetanapology.我沒有得到道歉之詞。例：Wereceivedaletterofapology.我們收到了一封致歉信。2、N-PLURALIfyouofferormakeyourapologies,youapologize.(表達(dá))歉意[正式]例：WhenMaryfinallyappeared,shemadeherapologiestoMrs.Velasquez.當(dāng)瑪麗最終露面時，她向委拉斯開茲夫人道了歉。31、seminar/?s?m??nɑ?/n.（專題）研討會(seminars)1、N-COUNTAseminarisameetingwhereagroupofpeoplediscussaproblemortopic.研討會;專題討論會例：...aseriesofhalf-dayseminarstohelpbusinessmengetthebestvaluefrominvestingininformationtechnology.…一系列幫助商界人士從投資信息技術(shù)中獲得最大價值的每次為期半天的專題討論會。2、N-COUNTAseminarisaclassatacollegeoruniversityinwhichtheteacherandasmallgroupofstudentsdiscussatopic.(大學(xué)里由教師指導(dǎo)小組學(xué)生參加的)研討班例：Studentsareaskedtopreparematerialinadvanceofeachweeklyseminar.要求學(xué)生為每星期一次的研討班預(yù)先準(zhǔn)備好材料。32、videophone/?v?d???f??n/n.可視電話(videophones)N-COUNTAvideophoneisatelephonethathasacameraandscreensothatpeoplewhoareusingthephonecanseeandheareachother.可視電話33、Rugby/?r?ɡb?/n.（英式）橄欖球N-UNCOUNTRugbyorrugbyfootballisagameplayedbytwoteamsusinganovalball.Playerstrytoscorepointsbycarryingtheballtotheiropponents'endofthefield,orbykickingitoverabarfixedbetweentwoposts.英式橄欖球(運(yùn)動)34、bachelor/?b?t??l?/n.獲學(xué)士學(xué)位的人；未婚男子(bachelors)N-COUNTAbachelorisamanwhohasnevermarried.單身漢例：...America'smosteligiblebachelor.…美國最適合做夫婿的單身漢。35、bachelor’sdegree學(xué)士學(xué)位36、routine/ru??ti?n/n.常規(guī)；日常事務(wù)adj.通常的；例行的(routines)1、N-VARAroutineistheusualseriesofthingsthatyoudoataparticulartime.Aroutineisalsothepracticeofregularlydoingthingsinafixedorder.慣例;常規(guī)例：Theplayershadtochangetheirdailyroutineandlifestyle.這些運(yùn)動員不得不改變他們的每日常規(guī)和生活方式。2、ADJYouuseroutinetodescribeactivitiesthataredoneasanormalpartofajoborprocess.常規(guī)的例：...aseriesofroutinemedicaltestsincludingX-raysandbloodtests.…一系列包括X光和驗(yàn)血在內(nèi)的常規(guī)醫(yī)學(xué)檢查。3、ADJAroutinesituation,action,oreventisonewhichseemscompletelyordinary,ratherthaninteresting,exciting,ordifferent.平淡的[表不滿]例：Somanydaysareroutineanduninteresting,especiallyinwinter.太多的日子都是平淡和無趣，尤其是在冬季。4、N-VARYouuseroutinetorefertoawayoflifethatisuninterestingandordinary,orhardlyeverchanges.平淡乏味[表不滿]例：...themundaneroutineofherlife.…她生活的平常乏味。5、N-COUNTAroutineisacomputerprogram,orpartofaprogram,thatperformsaspecificfunction.程序[計(jì)算機(jī)]例：...aninstallationroutine.…一個安裝程序。6、N-COUNTAroutineisashortsequenceofjokes,remarks,actions,ormovementsthatformspartofalongerperformance.(一)套例：...anathleticdanceroutine.…一套體育舞蹈動作。37、minibus/?m?n??b?s/n.小型公共汽車(minibuses)N-COUNTAminibusisalargevanwhichhasseatsinthebackforpassengers,andwindowsalongitssides.小型公共汽車[also'by'N]例：Hewasthentakenbyminibustothemilitarybase.接著他被小型公共汽車帶到了軍事基地。38、optional/??p??n?l/adj.可選擇的；隨意的ADJIfsomethingisoptional,youcanchoosewhetherornotyoudoitorhaveit.可選擇的例：Sexeducationisasensitiveareaforsomeparents,andthusitshouldremainoptional.性教育對一些家長來說是個敏感的話題，因此應(yīng)該還是非強(qiáng)制性的。39、dayinanddayout日復(fù)一日40、cage/ke?d?/n.鳥籠；獸檻(cages)N-COUNTAcageisastructureofwireormetalbarsinwhichbirdsoranimalsarekept.籠子例：Ihatetoseebirdsincages.我不喜歡看到鳥在籠子里。41、bark/bɑ?k/vi.（指狗等）吠叫；咆哮n.犬吠聲；樹皮(barking,barked,barks)1、V-IWhenadogbarks,itmakesashort,loudnoise,onceorseveraltimes.(狗)吠例：Don'tletthedogsbark.別讓狗叫。2、N-COUNTBarkisalsoanoun.吠聲例：TheDobermanletoutastringofroaringbarks.那條杜賓犬發(fā)出一連串的吼叫聲。3、V-IIfyoubarkatsomeone,youshoutatthemaggressivelyinaloud,roughvoice.咆哮例：Ididn'tmeantobarkatyou.我不是有意吼你。4、N-UNCOUNTBarkisthetoughmaterialthatcoverstheoutsideofatree.樹皮5、Vtoscrapeorruboffskin,asinaninjury擦傷;刮傷42、battery/?b?t?r?/n.電池（組）；電瓶；炮臺(batteries)1、N-COUNTBatteriesaresmalldevicesthatprovidethepowerforelectricalitemssuchasradiosandchildren'stoys.電池例：Theshaverscomecompletewithbatteries.這些電動剃須刀帶有電池。例：...abattery-operatedcassetteplayer.…用電池的磁帶放音機(jī)。2、N-COUNTAcarbatteryisarectangularboxcontainingacidthatisfoundinacarengine.Itprovidestheelectricityneededtostartthecar.(汽車)蓄電池例：...acarwithadeadbattery.…一輛蓄電池沒電了的汽車。3、N-UNCOUNTBatteryisthecrimeofhittingorbeatingsomeone.毆打罪[美國英語][法律]例：LawrencepunchedamaninaLosAngelesnightclubandwaschargedwithbattery.勞倫斯在洛杉磯的一家夜總會里打了人，結(jié)果被指控犯了毆打罪。4、seealsoassaultandbattery5、N-COUNTAbatteryofequipmentsuchasguns,lights,orcomputersisalargesetofitkepttogetherinoneplace.一排;一套例：Theystoppedbesideabatteryofabandonedguns.他們停在一排廢棄的大炮旁。6、N-COUNTAbatteryofpeopleorthingsisaverylargenumberofthem.一大群;一組例：...abatteryofjournalistsandtelevisioncameras.…一大群記者和電視攝像機(jī)。43、△site/sa?t/n.地方；地點(diǎn)；現(xiàn)場(siting,sited,sites)1、N-COUNTAsiteisapieceofgroundthatisusedforaparticularpurposeorwhereaparticularthinghappens.場地;場所例：Iwasworkingasaforemanonabuildingsite.我在一個建筑工地當(dāng)工頭。2、N-COUNTThesiteofanimportanteventistheplacewhereithappened.(事件發(fā)生的)現(xiàn)場;場所例：ScientistshavedescribedtheAralseaasthesiteoftheworstecologicaldisasteronearth.科學(xué)家們把咸海描繪成地球上生態(tài)環(huán)境最差的地方。3、N-COUNTAsiteisapieceofgroundwheresomethingsuchasastatueorbuildingstandsorusedtostand.地點(diǎn);遺址;原址例：...thesiteofMoses'tomb.…摩西墓遺址。4、N-COUNTAsiteisthesameasa.網(wǎng)站5、V-TIfsomethingissitedinaparticularplaceorposition,itisputthereorbuiltthere.使坐落于;把…置于[usupassive]例：HesaidchemicalweaponshadneverbeensitedinGermany.他說從未在德國部署過化學(xué)武器。6、sitingN-SING選址例：...controlsonthesitingofgasstoragevessels.…對煤氣儲存罐選址的種種限制。7、PHRASEIfsomeoneorsomethingisonsite,theyareinaparticularare