1995年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題

1995年全國碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語試題

SectionIStructureandVocabulary

PartA

Directions:

Beneatheachofthefollowingsentences,therearefourchoicesmarked

[A],[B],[C]and[D].Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.

MarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletter

inthebracketswithapencil.(5points)

1.Between1897and1919atleast29motionpicturesinwhichartificial

beingswereportrayed.

[A]hadproduced

[B]havebeenproduced

EC]wouldhaveproduced

[D]hadbeenproduced

2.Thereoughttobelessanxietyovertheperceivedriskofgetting

cancerthaninthepublicmindtoday.

[A]exists

[B]exist

[C]existing

[D]existed

3.Theprofessorcanhardlyfindsufficientgroundshis

argumentinfavorofthenewtheory.

[A]whichtobaseon

[B]onwhichtobase

[C]tobaseonwhich

[D]whichtobebasedon

4.canhelpbutbefascinatedbytheworldintowhichheis

takenbythesciencefiction.

[A]Everybody

[B]Anybody

[C]Somebody

[D]Nobody

5.Howmanyofus,say,ameetingthatisirrelevanttouswould

beinterestedinthediscussion?

[A]attended

[B]attending

[C]toattend

[D]haveattended

6.Hydrogenisthefundamentalelementoftheuniverseit

providesthebuildingblocksfromwhichtheotherelementsare

produced.

[A]sothat

[B]butthat

[C]inthat

[D]providedthat

7.Wearetaughtthatabusinesslettershouldbewritteninaformal

styleinapersonalone.

[A]ratherthan

[B]otherthan

[C]betterthan

[D]lessthan

8.isgenerallyaccepted,economicalgrowthisdeterminedby

thesmoothdevelopmentofproduction.

[A]What

[B]That

[C]It

[D]As

9.Itisbelievedthattoday'spopmusiccanserveasacreativeforce

stimulatingthethinkingofitslisteners.

[A]by

[B]with

EC]at

[D]on

10.Justasthesoilisapartoftheearth,theatmosphere.

[A]asitis

[B]thesameas

[C]sois

[D]andsois

PartB

Directions:

Eachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedpartsmarked[A],

[B],[C],and[D].Identifythepartofthesentencethatisincorrect

andmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorresponding

letterinthebracketswithapencil.(5points)

11.TheconveniencesthatAmericansdesirereflectingnotsomucha

A

leisurelylifestyleasabusylifestyleinwhichevenminutesoftime

B

aretoovaluabletobewasted.

~D

12.Indebating,onemustcorrecttheopponent'sfacts,denythe

A

relevanceofhisproof,ordenythatwhathepresentsasproof,

unlessrelevant,issufficient.

-D

13.Wearenotconsciousoftheextentofwhichworkprovidesthe

AB

psychologicalsatisfactionIhatcanmakethedifferencebetweena

~C^D

fullandanemptylife.

14.ThePortuguesegiveagreatdealofcredittoonemanfor

A-B

havingpromotedseatravel,thatmanwasPrinceHenrythenavigator,

C-D-

wholivedinthe15thcentury.

15.Accountsofscientificexperimentsaregenerallycorrectforthose

A

writ。aboutsciencearecarefulincheckingtheaccuracyoftheir

CD

reports.

16.wheneverwehearofanaturaldisaster,eveninadistantpartof

-A-

theworld,wefeelsympathyforthepeopletohaveaffected.

CD-

17.Itisperhapsnotanexaggerationtosaythatweshallsoonbe

trustingourhealth,wealthandhappinesstoelementswithwhom

B~C^

verynamesthegeneralpublicareunfamiliar.

萬

18.Thespeakerclaimedthatnoothermodernnationdevotessosmalla

~B-

portionofitswealthtopublicassistanceandhealththanthe

~C~

UnitedStatesdoes.

~~D~

19.Therearethosewhoconsideritquestionablethatthese

defence-linkedresearchprojectswillaccountfoeanimprovement

AB

inthestandardoflivingor,alternately,todomuchtoprotectour

C

diminishingresources.

D

20.Ifindividualsareawakenedeachtimnastheybeginadreamphase

~~AB-

ofsleep,theyarelikelytobecomeirritableeventhoughtheir

C

totalamountofsleephasbeensufficient.

-D

PartC

Directions:

Beneatheachofthefollowingsentences,therearefourchoicesmarked

[A],[B],[C]and[D].Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.

MarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletter

inthebracketswithapencil.(10points)

21.Inthatcountry,gueststendtofeeltheyarenothighly

iftheinvitationtoadinnerpartyisextendedonlythreeorfour

daysbeforethepartydate.

[A]admired

[B]regarded

[C]expected

[D]worshipped

22.Aofthelongreportbythebudgetcommitteewassubmitted

tothemayorforapproval.

[A]shorthand

[B]scheme

[C]schedule

[D]sketch

23.Amanhastomakeforhisoldagebyputtingasideenough

moneytoliveonwhenold.

[A]supply

[B]assurance

[C]provision

[D]adjustment

24.Thenewly-builtScienceBuildingseemsenoughtolasta

hundredyears.

[A]spacious

[B]sophisticated

[C]substantial

[D]steady

25.Itiswell-knownthattheretiredworkersinourcountryare

freemedicalcare.

[A]entitledto

[B]involvedin

[C]associatedwith

[D]assignedto

26.Thefarmersweremoreanxiousforrainthanthepeopleinthecity

becausetheyhadmoreat.

[A]danger

[B]stake

[C]loss

[D]threat

27.IfelttodeathbecauseIcouldmakenothingofthechairman?

sspeech.

[A]fatigued

[B]tired

[C]exhausted

[D]bored

28.Whentheenginewouldnotstart,themechanicinspectedalltheparts

tofindwhatwasat.

[A]wrong

[B]trouble

[C]fault

[D]difficulty

29.Youradvicewouldbevaluabletohim,whoisatpresentat

hiswit'send.

[A]exceedingly

[B]excessively

[C]extensively

[D]exclusively

30.Hefailedtocarryoutsomeoftheprovisionsofthecontract,and

nowhehastotheconsequences.

[A]answerfor

[B]runinto

[C]abideby

[D]stepinto

31.Theriverisalreadyitsbanksbecauseofexcessiverainfall;

andthecityisthreatenedwithalikelyflood.

[A]parallelto

[B]levelin

[C]flaton

[D]flushwith

32.Peoplethatverticalflighttransportswouldcarrymillions

ofpassengersasdotheairlinersoftoday.

[A]convinced

[B]anticipated

[C]resolved

[D]assured

33.Inspiteofthewiderangeofreadingmaterialspeciallywrittenor

forlanguagelearningpurposes,thereisyetno

comprehensivesystematicprogrammeforthereadingskills.

[A]adapted

[B]acknowledged

[C]assembled

[D]appointed

34.Themothersaidshewouldhersonwashingthedishesifhe

couldfinishhisassignmentbeforesupper.

[A]letdown

[B]letalone

EC]letoff

[D]letout

35.Weshouldalwayskeepinmindthatdecisionsoftenleadto

bitterregrets.

[A]urgent

[B]hasty

[C]instant

[D]prompt

36.Johncomplainedtothebooksellerthattherewereseveralpages

inthedictionary.

[A]missing

[B]losing

EC]dropping

[D]leaking

37.Inthepast,mostforestershavebeenmen,buttoday,thenumberof

womenthisfieldisclimbing.

LA]engaging

[B]devoting

[C]registering

[D]pursuing

38.Thesupervisordidn,thavetimesofartogointoit,but

hegaveusanideaabouthisplan.

[A]athand

[B]inturn

[C]inconclusion

[D]atlength

39.Theirdemandforapayraisehasnottheslightestofbeing

met.

[A]prospect

[B]prediction

[C]prosperity

[D]permission

40.It'susuallythecasethatpeopleseldombehaveinaway

wheninafuriousstate.

[A]stable

[B]rational

[C]legal

[D]credible

SectionIIClozeTest

Directions:

Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoices

marked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Choosethebestoneandmarkyouranswer

onANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebrackets

withapencil.(10points)

Sleepisdividedintoperiodsofso-calledREMsleep,characterized

byrapideyemovementsanddreaming,andlongerperiodsofnon-REMsleep.

41kindofsleepisatallwell-understood,butREMsleepis

42toservesomerestorativefunctionofthebrain.Thepurpose

ofnon-REMsleepisevenmore43.Thenewexperiments,suchasthose

44forthefirsttimeatarecentmeetingoftheSocietyforSleep

ResearchinMinneapolis,suggestfascinatingexplanations45of

non-REMsleep.

Forexample,ithaslongbeenknownthattotalsleep46is100

percentfataltorats,yet,47examinationofthedeadbodies,the

animalslookcompletelynormal.Aresearcherhasnow48the

mysteryofwhytheanimalsdie.Therats49bacterialinfections

oftheblood,50theirimmunesystems一一theself-protecting

mechanismagainstdisease-hadcrashed.

41.[A]Either

[B]Neither

EC]Each

[D]Any

42.[A]intended

[B]required

[C]assumed

[D]inferred

43.[A]subtle

[B]obvious

[C]mysterious

[D]doubtful

44.[A]maintained

[B]described

EC]settled

[D]afforded

45.[A]inthelight

[B]byvirtue

[C]withtheexception

[D]forthepurpose

46.[A]reduction

[B]destruction

EC]deprivation

[D]restriction

47.[A]upon

[B]by

[C]through

[D]with

48.[A]paidattentionto

[B]caughtsightof

[C]laidemphasison

[D]castlighton

49.[A]develop

[B]produce

EC]stimulate

[D]induce

50.[A]if

[B]asif

[C]onlyif

[D]ifonly

SectionIIIReadingComprehension

Directions:

Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreach

questiontherearefouranswersmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Readthe

passagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.

ThenmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorresponding

letterinthebracketswithapencil.(40points)

Text1

MoneyspentonadvertisingismoneyspentaswellasanyIknowof.

Itservesdirectlytoassistarapiddistributionofgoodsatreasonable

prices,therebyestablishingafirmhomemarketandsomakingitpossible

toprovideforexportatcompetitiveprices.Bydrawingattentiontonew

ideasithelpsenormouslytoraisestandardsofliving.Byhelpingto

increasedemanditensuresanincreasedneedforlabour,andistherefore

aneffectivewaytofightunemployment.Itlowersthecostsofmany

services:withoutadvertisementsyourdailynewspaperwouldcostfour

timesasmuch,thepriceofyourtelevisionlicensewouldneedtobe

doubledandtravelbybusortubewouldcost20percentmore.

Andperhapsmostimportantofall,advertisingprovidesaguarantee

ofreasonablevalueintheproductsandservicesyoubuy.Apartfromthe

factthattwenty-sevenActsofParliamentgovernthetermsofadvertising,

noregularadvertiserdarepromoteaproductthatfailstoliveupto

thepromiseofhisadvertisements.Hemightfoolsomepeopleforalittle

whilethroughmisleadingadvertising.Hewillnotdosoforlong,for

mercifullythepublichasthegoodsensenottobuytheinferiorarticle

morethanonce.Ifyouseeanarticleconsistentlyadvertised,itisthe

surestproofIknowthatthearticledoeswhatisclaimedforit,and

thatitrepresentsgoodvalue.

Advertisingdoesmoreforthematerialbenefitofthecommunitythan

anyotherforceIcanthinkof.

ThereisonepointIfeelIoughttotouchon.RecentlyIhearda

well-knowntelevisionpersonalitydeclarethathewasagainst

advertisingbecauseitpersuadesratherthaninforms.Hewasdrawing

excessivelyfinedistinctions.Ofcourseadvertisingseekstopersuade.

Ifitsmessagewereconfinedmerelytoinformation-andthatin

itselfwouldbedifficultifnotimpossibletoachieve,forevenadetai1

suchasthechoiceofthecolourofashirtissubtlypersuasive一一

advertisingwouldbesoboringthatnoonewouldpayanyattention.But

perhapsthatiswhatthewell-knowntelevisionpersonalitywants.

51.Bythefirstsentenceofthepassagetheauthormeansthat.

[A]heisfairlyfamiliarwiththecostofadvertising

[B]everybodyknowswellthatadvertisingismoneyconsuming

[C]advertisingcostsmoneylikeeverythingelse

[D]itisworthwhiletospendmoneyonadvertising

52.Inthepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthe

advantagesofadvertising?

[A]Securinggreaterfame.

[B]Providingmorejobs.

[C]Enhancinglivingstandards.

[D]Reducingnewspapercost.

53.Theauthordeemsthatthewell-knownTVpersonalityis.

[A]verypreciseinpassinghisjudgmentonadvertising

[B]interestedinnothingbutthebuyers'attention

EC]correctintellingthedifferencebetweenpersuasionand

information

[D]obviouslypartialinhisviewsonadvertising

54.Intheauthor?sopinion,.

[A]advertisingcanseldombringmaterialbenefittomanbyproviding

information

[B]advertisinginformspeopleofnewideasratherthanwinsthem

over

[C]thereisnothingwrongwithadvertisinginpersuadingthebuyer

[D]thebuyerisnotinterestedingettinginformationfroman

advertisement

Text2

Therearetwobasicwaystoseegrowth:oneasaproduct,theother

asaprocess.Peoplehavegenerallyviewedpersonalgrowthasanexternal

resultorproductthatcaneasilybeidentifiedandmeasured.Theworker

whogetsapromotion,thestudentwhosegradesimprove,theforeigner

wholearnsanewlanguage一一alltheseareexamplesofpeoplewhohave

measurableresultstoshowfortheirefforts.

Bycontrast,theprocessofpersonalgrowthismuchmoredifficult

todetermine,sincebydefinitionitisajourneyandnotthespecific

signpostsorlandmarksalongtheway.Theprocessisnottheroaditself,

butrathertheattitudesandfeelingspeoplehave,theircautionor

courage,astheyencounternewexperiencesandunexpectedobstacles.In

thisprocess,thejourneyneverreallyends;therearealwaysnewways

toexperiencetheworld,newideastotry,newchallengestoaccept.

Inordertogrow,totravelnewroads,peopleneedtohavea

willingnesstotakerisks,toconfronttheunknown,andtoacceptthe

possibilitythattheymay“fail"atfirst.Howweseeourselvesaswe

tryanewwayofbeingisessentialtoourabilitytogrow.Doweperceive

ourselvesasquickandcurious?Ifso,thenwetendtotakemorechances

andtobemoreopentounfamiliarexperiences.Dowethinkwe'reshy

andindecisive?Thenoursenseoftimiditycancauseustohesitate,to

moveslowly,andnottotakeastepuntilweknowthegroundissafe.

Dowethinkwe'reslowtoadapttochangeorthatwe'renotsmartenough

tocopewithanewchallenge?Thenwearelikelytotakeamorepassive

roleornottryatall.

Thesefeelingsofinsecurityandself-doubtarebothunavoidableand

necessaryifwearetochangeandgrow.Ifwedonotconfrontandovercome

theseinternalfearsanddoubts,ifweprotectourselvestoomuch,then

weceasetogrow.Webecometrappedinsideashellofourownmaking.

55.Apersonisgenerallybelievedtoachievepersonalgrowthwhen

[A]hehasgivenuphissmokinghabit

[B]hehasmadegreateffortsinhiswork

[C]heiskeenonleaninganythingnew

[D]hehastriedtodeterminewhereheisonhisjourney

56.Intheauthor?seyes,onewhoviewspersonalgrowthasaprocess

would.

[A]succeedinclimbingupthesocialladder

[B]judgehisabilitytogrowfromhisownachievements

[C]facedifficultiesandtakeupchallenges

[D]aimhighandreachhisgoaleachtime

57.Whentheauthorsays“anewwayofbeing”(Line2、3,Para.3)he

isreferringto.

[A]anewapproachtoexperiencingtheworld

[B]anewwayoftakingrisks

[C]anewmethodofperceivingourselves

[D]anewsystemofadaptationtochange

58.Forpersonalgrowth,theauthoradvocatesallofthefollowingEXCEPT

[A]curiosityaboutmorechances

[B]promptnessinself-adaptation

[C]open-mindednesstonewexperiences

[D]avoidanceofinternalfearsanddoubts

Text3

Insuchachanging,complexsocietyformerlysimplesolutionsto

informationalneedsbecomecomplicated.Manyoflife'sproblemswhich

weresolvedbyaskingfamilymembers,friendsorcolleaguesarebeyond

thecapabilityoftheextendedfamilytoresolve.Wheretoturnforexpert

informationandhowtodeterminewhichexpertadvicetoacceptare

questionsfacingmanypeopletoday.

Inadditiontothis,thereisthegrowingmobilityofpeoplesince

WorldWarII.Asfamiliesmoveawayfromtheirstablecommunity,their

friendsofmanyyears,theirextendedfamilyrelationships,theinformal

flowofinformationiscutoff,andwithittheconfidencethat

informationwillbeavailablewhenneededandwillbetrustworthyand

reliable.Thealmostunconsciousflowofinformationaboutthesimplest

aspectsoflivingcanbecutoff.Thus,thingsoncelearned

subconsciouslythroughthecasualcommunicationsoftheextendedfamily

mustbeconsciouslylearned.

Addingtosocietalchangestodayisanenormousstockpileof

information.Theindividualnowhasmoreinformationavailablethanany

generation,andthetaskoffindingthatonepieceofinformation

relevanttohisorherspecificproblemiscomplicated,time-consuming

andsometimesevenoverwhelming.

Coupledwiththegrowingquantityofinformationisthedevelopment

oftechnologieswhichenablethestorageanddeliveryofmoreinformation

withgreaterspeedtomorelocationsthanhaseverbeenpossiblebefore.

Computertechnologymakesitpossibletostorevastamountsofdatain

machine-readablefiles,andtoprogramcomputerstolocatespecific

information.Telecommunicationsdevelopmentsenablethesendingof

messagesviatelevision,radio,andveryshortly,electronicmailto

bombardpeoplewithmultitudesofmessages.Satelliteshaveextendedthe

powerofcommunicationstoreporteventsattheinstantofoccurrence.

Expertisecanbesharedworldwidethroughteleconferencing,andproblems

indisputecanbesettledwithouttheparticipantsleavingtheirhomes

and/orjobstotraveltoadistantconferencesite.Technologyhas

facilitatedthesharingofinformationandthestorageanddeliveryof

information,thusmakingmoreinformationavailabletomorepeople.

Inthisworldofchangeandcomplexity,theneedforinformationis

ofgreatestimportance.Thosepeoplewhohaveaccurate,reliable

up-to-dateinformationtosolvetheday-to-dayproblems,thecritical

problemsoftheirbusiness,socialandfamilylife,willsurviveand

succeed.uKnowledgeispowervmaywellbethetruestsayingandaccess

toinformationmaybethemostcriticalrequirementofallpeople.

59.Theword“it”(Line3,Para.2)mostprobablyrefersto.

[A]thelackofstablecommunities

[B]thebreakdownofinformalinformationchannels

[C]theincreasedmobilityoffamilies

[D]thegrowingnumberofpeoplemovingfromplacetoplace

60.Themainproblempeoplemayencountertodayarisesfromthefactthat

[A]theyhavetolearnnewthingsconsciously

[B]theylacktheconfidenceofsecuringreliableandtrustworthy

information

[C]theyhavedifficultyobtainingtheneededinformationreadily

[D]theycanhardlycarryoutcasualcommunicationswithanextended

family-

61.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat.

[A]electronicmailwillsoonplayadominantroleintransmitting

messages

[B]itwillbecomemoredifficultforpeopletokeepsecretsinan

informationera

[C]peoplewillspendlesstimeholdingmeetingsorconferences

[D]eventswillbereportedonthespotmainlythroughsatellites

62.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat.

[A]itisnecessarytoobtainasmuchknowledgeaspossible

[B]peopleshouldmakethebestuseoftheinformationaccessible

[C]weshouldrealizetheimportanceofaccumulatinginformation

[D]itisofvitalimportancetoacquireneededinformation

efficiently

Text4

Personalityistoalargeextentinherent--A-typeparentsusually

bringaboutA-typeoffspring.Buttheenvironmentmustalsohavea

profoundeffect,sinceifcompetitionisimportanttotheparents,it

islikelytobecomeamajorfactorinthelivesoftheirchildren.

OneplacewherechildrensoakupA-characteristiesisschool,which

is,byitsverynature,ahighlycompetitiveinstitution.Toomany

schoolsadoptthe“winatallcosts“moralstandardandmeasuretheir

successbysportingachievements.Thecurrentpassionformaking

chiIdrencompeteagainsttheirclassmatesoragainsttheclockproduces

atwo-layersystem,inwhichcompetitiveA-typesseeminsomewaybetter

thantheirB-typefellows.Beingtookeentowincanhavedangerous

consequences:rememberthatPheidippides,thefirstmarathonrunner,

droppeddeadsecondsaftersaying:"Rejoice,weconquer!”

Byfartheworstformofcompetitioninschoolsisthe

disproportionateemphasisonexaminations.Itisarareschoolthat

allowspupilstoconcentrateonthosethingstheydowell.Themerits

ofcompetitionbyexaminationaresomewhatquestionable,butcompetition