2024新高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)(介詞)

高考

英語新高考專用第一部分詞類

專題四介詞知識(shí)清單·介詞專講考點(diǎn)一介詞的分類

類別例詞

簡(jiǎn)單介詞in,on,at,for,to,against,about,over,by,beyond,between,except復(fù)合介詞outof,onto,outside,throughout,upon,without二重介詞frombehind,fromamong短語介詞dueto,bymeansof,onbehalfof,infrontof,withregardto,inplaceof,accordingto分詞介詞including,regarding,given,considering,concerning

時(shí)間in,on,at,around,before,by,after,between,during,for,since,till,until,from,within,past地點(diǎn)和方位in,on,at,above,over,below,beneath,under,ontopof,infrontof,between,nextto,near,by,before,behind,opposite,among,around移動(dòng)方向up,down,outof,into,towards,from,past,over,onto,off,along,across,through,to方式或手段with,in,by,through,bymeansof,on原因for,becauseof,with,dueto,owingto,asaresultof,outof關(guān)于on,about,concerning,regarding,withregardto,asfor,asto

讓步despite,inspiteof比較as,like,to,above其他besides,but,except,against,of,

insteadof,apartfrom考點(diǎn)二常見介詞的用法1.about的用法關(guān)于(某人或物)Whatissheworriedabout?她在擔(dān)心什么呢?在……各處Helookedaboutthehall,butsawnobody.他環(huán)顧大

廳,可是一個(gè)人也沒看見。在……附近She'ssomewhereabouttheoffice.她在辦公室附

近。目的是;為了;涉及……方面Moviesareallaboutmakingmoneythesedays.當(dāng)今電影只顧賺錢。與what/how連用,可用于詢問消息和提建議,表示“怎么樣”What/HowaboutPeter?彼得怎么樣了?What/Howaboutmeetingattheschoolgate?在校門口見面怎么樣?2.above的用法(數(shù)目、數(shù)量、水平、年齡)超過,多于Thestoneweighsaboveoneton.這塊石頭重一噸多。(重要性、質(zhì)量)超過,勝過Irateherabovemostotherplayersofherage.我認(rèn)

為她優(yōu)于大多數(shù)同齡參賽者。在(或向)……上面Thewholeskyaboveusisfilledwithstars.我們上

方的整個(gè)天空布滿了星星。3.against的用法緊靠;倚;撞Hestoodwithhisbackagainstthewall.他背靠墻

站著。Therainbeatagainstthewindows.雨點(diǎn)擊打著窗戶。逆;反對(duì)(與for意義相反);違反Idon'tknowwhetherheisfororagainstit.我不知道他是贊成還是反對(duì)它。和……對(duì)抗We'llbecompetingagainstsomeofthebestcom-

panies.我們要和一些一流公司競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。以防Theyhavegotpreparedagainstflood.他們已經(jīng)做好了防洪準(zhǔn)備。襯托;以……為背景Flowerslookbetteragainstgreenleaves.花在綠葉的襯托下更好看。對(duì)……不利Theevidenceisagainsthim.證據(jù)對(duì)他不利。4.as的用法作為,當(dāng)作Don'ttreatmeasachild.別把我當(dāng)小孩看待。像,如同Theywerealldressedasclowns.他們都打扮成小丑。5.at的用法在(某處)Theyarrivedlateattheairport.他們晚到了機(jī)場(chǎng)。處于……狀態(tài)Thetwocountriesareatwar.兩國(guó)正在交戰(zhàn)。在(某時(shí)間或時(shí)刻)Awomancameinjustatthatmoment.就在那時(shí)一位婦女進(jìn)來了。在……歲時(shí)Heleftschoolattheageof16.他16歲便離開了學(xué)校。(用于速度、比率等)以,達(dá)Thetrainrunsatabout120milesperhour.火車以每小時(shí)大約120英

里的速度行駛。(與動(dòng)詞連用)對(duì),向,朝(目標(biāo)、方

向)Heaimedatthetarget.他瞄準(zhǔn)目標(biāo)。Don'tlaughatme!不要嘲笑我!(與形容詞連用,表示能力)在…

…方面Sheisgoodatplayingthepiano.她擅長(zhǎng)彈鋼琴。應(yīng)……(而);響應(yīng);回答Theyattendedthedinneratthechairman'sinvitation.他們應(yīng)董事長(zhǎng)之邀出席了宴會(huì)。(與形容詞連用)因?yàn)?由于,對(duì)…

…Shewasdelightedatyoursuccess.她對(duì)你的成功感到高興。提供電話號(hào)碼時(shí)使用Youcanreachmeat637-2335.你可以打637-2335與我聯(lián)系。用于電子郵箱地址中的符號(hào)@—6.beyond的用法(時(shí)間)晚于,遲于Don'tstayoutbeyondmidnight.不要在外面待到午夜以后。(位置)在(或向)……較遠(yuǎn)的一邊Thesmallvillageis20milesbeyondthetown.那個(gè)小村莊在城外20英里處。非……所能及;超出……之外Thisbookisbeyondme.這本書我看不懂。Herworkisbeyondpraise.她的工作令人贊不絕口。超出;除……之外Oursuccesswasfarbeyondwhatwethoughtpos-

sible.我們的成功遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了我們的估計(jì)范圍。7.by的用法在……旁邊,靠近(與beside意義相近)Harryisstandingbythewindow.哈里正站在窗戶旁邊。Comeandsitbyme.過來坐在我身邊。(表示方法、手段)用,靠;通過,借助于Hemakesalivingbysellingnewspapers.他以賣報(bào)

為生。travelbyboat乘船依;按照Itiseighto'clockbymywatch.我的表是8點(diǎn)。與the連用,表示時(shí)間或量度單位Theyarepaidbytheday.他們按天被付給報(bào)酬。(表示時(shí)間)在……之前,不遲于CanyoureturnthebookbyMonday?星期一之前你能還書嗎?經(jīng)過Hewalkedbymewithoutspeaking.他一言不發(fā)地從我身邊走過。(置于不帶the的名詞前,表示原因)由于Theymetbychance.他們不期而遇。Hetookmybookbymistake.他錯(cuò)拿了我的書。(常置于表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞后,表示施事者)被,由ThebookwaswrittenbyanAmericanwriter.這本書是一位美國(guó)作家寫的。表示程度、數(shù)量Itneedstobelongerbytwofeet.它需要再長(zhǎng)兩英尺。表示觸及或抓住的人或物的部分Itookhimbythehand.我拉著他的手。8.for的用法為了WhatcanIdoforyou?有什么事我可以為你效勞?對(duì),給(表示用途、對(duì)象等)There'saletterforyou.有你一封信。向,往(表示去向)ThetrainisforBeijing.這列火車開往北京。計(jì),達(dá)(表示一段時(shí)間、距離)Theweatherhasbeencoldforanentireweek.整整一個(gè)星期,天氣一直很冷。Wewalkedformiles.我們走了好幾英里路。以……的代價(jià),以……的價(jià)錢,為得到Iboughtadictionaryfor5dollars.我花五美元買了一本詞典。支持,擁護(hù)(反義詞為against)Nooneisfortheproposal.沒有人支持這項(xiàng)提議。因?yàn)?由于Hewaspraisedforhisgooddeeds.他因做好事而受到表揚(yáng)。在(某餐)時(shí)Whatdidyouhaveforlunch?你午飯吃的什么?就……而言ItiswarmforMarch.就3月份而言,這天氣算是暖

和的了。對(duì)于(表示陳述或問題的對(duì)象)Doingexerciseisgoodforourhealth.做運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)我

們的健康是有好處的。對(duì),對(duì)于(表示情感表露的對(duì)象)Shehasanearformusic.她會(huì)鑒賞音樂。Hisgreedformoneyisgreat.他極為貪財(cái)。9.from的用法(表示起點(diǎn)、來源)自,從,來自……Shegotaletterfromhermother.她收到了她母親

的來信。(表示開始的時(shí)間)從……開始We'reopenfrom8a.m.to7p.m.everyday.我們每

天從早8點(diǎn)至晚7點(diǎn)營(yíng)業(yè)。(表示原因)因?yàn)?由于Shefelttiredfromawholeday'swork.她工作了一整天,感到累了。(表示距離)離Howfarisyourhometownfromhere?你的家鄉(xiāng)離

這兒多遠(yuǎn)?(表示所用的原料)由……(制成)Winecanbemadefromrice.大米可以釀酒。(表示防止)使免遭,使免受Thesebooksweresavedfromdamage.這些書沒

有遭到破壞。(表示進(jìn)行判斷的原因)根據(jù),從……來看Judgingfromhispronunciation,heisanEnglish-

man.從他的發(fā)音判斷,他是英格蘭人。(區(qū)別二者時(shí)用)與……(不同)Ican'ttellonetwinfromtheother.我分不出雙胞胎中誰是誰。10.in的用法在(某段時(shí)間)內(nèi)I'mgettingforgetfulinmyoldage.我現(xiàn)在上了年紀(jì),變得健忘了。在(某段時(shí)間)之后Itwillbereadyinaweek'stime.需要一周就會(huì)準(zhǔn)備好。在(某處)HeintendedtotakeaholidayinAmerica.他打算在美國(guó)度假。穿著;戴著Allthechildrenweredressedintheirbestclothes.所有孩子都穿著他們最好的衣服。表示狀態(tài)或狀況Imustputmyaffairsinorder.我必須整理好我的事務(wù)。表示使用的語言、材料等Ipaidincash.我用現(xiàn)金支付的。關(guān)于;在……方面Shewasnotlackingincourage.她并不缺乏勇氣。11.of的用法(表示所屬關(guān)系)……的afriendofmine我的一個(gè)朋友thesecretofsuccess成功的秘訣表示同位關(guān)系ThecityofBeijingisverybeautiful.北京市很美麗。表示動(dòng)賓關(guān)系Itisjustawasteoftime.這就是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。thediscoveryofAmerica美洲的發(fā)現(xiàn)表示計(jì)量、時(shí)間或年齡Heisjustaboyoften.他只是個(gè)10歲的男孩。表示出身、原材料Theringismadeofgold.這枚戒指是金子做的。表示原因Hediedofcancer.他死于癌癥。(表示動(dòng)作涉及的人或事,常與hear,think,talk,read

等連用)關(guān)于Ihaven'theardofherrecently.我近來沒聽到過她的消息。Thepoliceaccusedhimoftheft.警方控告他偷竊。用于“Itis+adj.+ofsb.+todosth.(常見的形容詞

有stupid,foolish,kind,good,nice,clever等)”句型Itisverykindoftheteacherstohelpsupportthe

poorstudents.老師們幫助支持貧困生,他們真是

太好了。12.on的用法在……上(尤指在某物的表面上)onthewall在墻上onthedesk在書桌上用于說明活動(dòng)或狀態(tài)Sheisstillonholiday.她仍在休假。Thebuildingisonfire.那幢大樓著火了。關(guān)于,涉及Hewillgiveatalkontheeconomicsituation.他將做一個(gè)關(guān)于經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)的報(bào)告。按照Youshouldactonhisadvice.你應(yīng)該按照他的建議行事。吃,喝Theyliveonrice.他們以大米為食。一……就(后接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing)Onarrivingatthefactory,hewenttoseetheman-

ager.他一到工廠就去見經(jīng)理了。使用……,通過……Theyspokeonthetelephone.他們通過電話談了談。為(某團(tuán)體或組織)的一員Sheisonthecommittee.她是委員會(huì)的成員。(身上)帶著,有Haveyougotanymoneyonyou?你帶錢了沒有?在(某時(shí)間)onthemorningofMay12在5月12日的早晨onChristmasDay在圣誕節(jié)13.over的用法向……上方,懸在……上面(表示地點(diǎn))Theplaneflewoverthewoods.飛機(jī)從樹林上方飛過。多于(某時(shí)間、數(shù)量、花費(fèi)等)Thereareovertwentystudentsintheclassroom.教室里有20多個(gè)學(xué)生。到處,各處Thenewsspreadalloverthecountry.那則消息傳遍了全國(guó)各地。利用,通過(無線電、電話等)HelearnedEnglishovertheradio.他通過收音機(jī)

學(xué)英語。在……期間Wewilldiscussitoverlunch.我們將在吃午飯時(shí)商量此事。(部分或全部覆蓋)在……上面Sheputablanketoverthesleepingchild.她給睡著的孩子蓋上了毯子。越過;從一邊到另一邊(表示動(dòng)作方向)Hecanjumpoverthewall.他能夠跳過那堵墻。關(guān)于,由于anargumentovermoney因錢而起的爭(zhēng)執(zhí)14.than的用法(用以引出比較的第二部分)比I'molderthanher.我比她年齡大。more/less/fewerthan(比較數(shù)量、距離等)多于,小

于,少于Itnevertakesmorethananhour.所用的時(shí)間從不

會(huì)超過一個(gè)小時(shí)。15.to的用法(表示兩人或事物之間的關(guān)系)屬于,歸于,關(guān)于,對(duì)

于Thisisthebestanswertothequestion.這是這個(gè)問題的最佳答案。向,朝,往,對(duì)著(某方向或某處)ThatwasmyfirstvisittoAfrica.那是我對(duì)非洲的第一次訪問。到,達(dá)(某種狀態(tài))Theletterreducedhertotears.這封信讓她落淚了。(引出接受者)給,予,向Whodidsheaddresstheletterto?這封信是她寫給

誰的?(引出受事者或受體)對(duì)于,關(guān)于Sheisdevotedtoherfamily.她深深愛著自己的家庭。(表示態(tài)度或反應(yīng))適合,符合,致使Tomydelight,hismusicisreallytomytaste.使我

高興的是,他的音樂很合我的口味。位于……方向ShandongProvinceistothenortheastofHubei

Province.山東省在湖北省的東北方。16.under的用法在(或到、通過)……下面Don'tstandunderatreeduringathunderstorm.雷雨天氣時(shí)不要站在樹底下。在……表面下(表示位置,其反義詞為over)Theboatlayunderseveralfeetofwater.那條船沉在水下好幾英尺處。小于,少于,比……年輕(表示數(shù)量、年齡等)Childrenunder6areadmittedfree.未滿6歲的兒童可免費(fèi)入場(chǎng)。由……控制(或管理、經(jīng)營(yíng))ThecoinagewasreformedunderElizabethⅠ.幣制

在伊麗莎白一世時(shí)代進(jìn)行了改革。受……影響;由……造成I'vebeenfeelingunderstresslately.我最近一直感

到有壓力。在……過程中Thehotelisstillunderconstruction.旅館仍在建設(shè)

中。17.until的用法到……時(shí);直到……為止Thestreetisfulloftrafficfrommorninguntil

night.街上從早到晚車水馬龍。18.with的用法和……在一起,同Shelivedwithhermother.她和她母親住在一起。帶有,具有(表示從屬關(guān)系)Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory.中國(guó)是一個(gè)歷史悠久的國(guó)家。因?yàn)?由于(表示原因)Hisfingerswerenumbwithcold.他的手指凍麻了。用(工具、手段等)Don'twritewithapencil.別用鉛筆寫。對(duì)于,對(duì)……來說,關(guān)于(表示對(duì)象)Theteacherwasquitesatisfiedwiththestudent's

answer.老師對(duì)這個(gè)學(xué)生的回答相當(dāng)滿意。隨著Withthedevelopmentofagricultureandindustry,

moreandmorewasteisproduced.隨著農(nóng)業(yè)和工業(yè)的發(fā)展,越來越多的垃圾產(chǎn)生

了。with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),即“with+名詞/代詞+賓補(bǔ)”。

賓補(bǔ)可以由不定式、動(dòng)詞-ing、過去分詞、介詞

短語、形容詞、副詞等充當(dāng)。此結(jié)構(gòu)常在句中

作狀語Theboyisusedtosleepingwiththewindowopen.那個(gè)男孩習(xí)慣開著窗戶睡覺。Herfatherwentoutwithhiscapon.她父親戴著帽子出去了。Heleftwithalltheworkfinished.他做完了所有的工作后離開了。考點(diǎn)三常見易混介詞辨析1.above,over與on

above側(cè)重于相對(duì)的水平高度,不一定在正上方,其反義

詞是belowover側(cè)重于垂直高度,即位于正上方,其反義詞是un-

deron側(cè)重于與物體表面接觸例句Thesunisabovethemountainintheeast.太陽在東方的山上方。Thereisaheavyboxoveryourhead.你的頭上方有一個(gè)重盒子。Therearesomestampsonthedesk.書桌上有些郵票。2.across,over,through與past

across“橫穿,穿越”,表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在物體表面over“跨過,越過”,表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在物體的上方through“穿過,貫穿”,表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在某物的空間內(nèi)past“從……旁經(jīng)過”,表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在某物旁邊例句TheGreatWallwindsitswayfromwesttoeast,acrossthedeserts,overthe

mountains,throughthevalleys,tillatlastitreachesthesea.長(zhǎng)城從西到東,穿

過沙漠,越過高山,跨過山谷,蜿蜒而行,最后到達(dá)海邊。ThecrowdwalkedpasttheCityHalltotheCentreSquare.這群人走過市政廳到達(dá)中心廣場(chǎng)。3.among與betweenamong“在……之間”,常用于三者或三者以上的人或

物;表示范圍時(shí),還可以表示“……之一”between“在……之間”,常用于兩者之間(注意:between

之后也可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)表示三者或三者以上的賓語,

但這時(shí)所強(qiáng)調(diào)的仍然是其中每?jī)烧咧g的相互

關(guān)系)例句Tomwasamongthecompetitorswhowonthecompetition.湯姆是贏得比賽

的參賽者之一。Youngchildrenareoftenadvisednottospoiltheirappetitebyeatingsweets

betweenthethreemeals.幼兒經(jīng)常被建議不要在三餐間吃糖果,以免影響

食欲。4.at,in與on表示地點(diǎn)at表示在較小的地方;可用于門牌號(hào)碼前in表示在較大的地方;表示在某物的里面on一般指與表面接觸例句Hearrivedatthevillagetowardsevening.快到晚上時(shí)他到達(dá)了那個(gè)村莊。Myunclelivesat105GreenStreet.我叔叔住在格林大街105號(hào)。HearrivedinBeijingonWednesday.他星期三到達(dá)了北京。Wefoundasquareholeinthewall.我們?cè)趬ι习l(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)方形的洞。Putitdownonthetable.把它放在桌子上。5.before,infrontof與inthefrontofbefore表示空間位置時(shí),意為“在……面前/前面”,多

用于抽象概念或表示順序;表示具體位置時(shí),一般

不用before,而用infrontofinfrontof表示在某一地點(diǎn)之外的前面,其反義詞為behindinthefrontof表示在某一地點(diǎn)之內(nèi)的前面例句AcomesbeforeBinthealphabet.在字母表中,A位于B之前。Thereisabigtreeinfrontofthehouse.房前有一棵大樹。Hesatinthefrontofthebus.他坐在公共汽車的前面。6.in,on與to在方位名詞前

例句FujianliesinthesoutheastofChina.福建在中國(guó)的東南部。Hubeiis/liesonthenorthofHunan.湖北位于湖南的北面。FujianProvinceliestothesouthofJiangsuProvince.福建省在江蘇省的南面。7.after與behind兩者都表示“在……之后”。after通常指時(shí)間先后的順序,behind通常指

位置。例句Wintercomesafterautumn.秋去冬來。Behindthehospitalliesariver.醫(yī)院后面有一條河。8.after與inafter與表示一段時(shí)間的詞連用時(shí),相當(dāng)于“一段時(shí)間

+later”,其所在的句子一般用一般過去時(shí)態(tài);與

表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞連用,也用于一般將來時(shí)態(tài)in與表示一段時(shí)間的詞連用,表示以此時(shí)此刻為起

點(diǎn)的將來的一個(gè)時(shí)間段之后,句子一般用一般將

來時(shí)態(tài)例句Helefthomeandwenttothefrontaftertwodays/twodayslater.兩天后,他離開了家去了前線。Hewillbebackfromabroadinthreedays.他3天后從國(guó)外回來。溫馨提示1.inthepast意為“在過去”,與過去時(shí)態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞連用。2.“inthepast/last+時(shí)間段”意為“在過去的……中/內(nèi)”,表示從現(xiàn)在算

起過去的一段時(shí)間,常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。Inthepast,trainswerepulledbysteamengines.過去火車是由蒸汽機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)的。Hehasmaderapidprogressinthepastthreemonths.在過去的3個(gè)月里他進(jìn)步很快。9.at,on與in表示時(shí)間at表示在某時(shí)間、時(shí)刻等on表示在具體的某天或特定的上午、下午、晚上in表示在較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間段(月、季節(jié)、年、年代、世

紀(jì)、朝代等)或泛指的上午、下午、晚上例句atnoon/night/dusk/daybreak在中午/晚上/黃昏/黎明at10o'clock在10點(diǎn)onOctober1st在十月一日onthemorningofJanuary4th在一月四日的上午inOctober在十月inthe1990s在20世紀(jì)90年代inthemorning在上午10.by與before1)by后接時(shí)間點(diǎn),表示“不遲于某時(shí)”,包括某時(shí)在內(nèi)。by后若是將來的

時(shí)間,則與一般將來時(shí)或?qū)硗瓿蓵r(shí)連用;如果是過去的時(shí)間,則與過去完

成時(shí)連用。例句I'llfinisheatingbynineo'clock.我會(huì)在9點(diǎn)前吃完飯。Ihadlearnedmorethan2,000wordsbytheendoflastterm.到上學(xué)期期末,我已經(jīng)學(xué)了2,000多個(gè)單詞。2)before后接時(shí)間點(diǎn),表示“在某時(shí)之前”,不包括某時(shí)。例句Severalmonthsbeforeourtrip,WangWeiandIwenttothelibrary.在我們

旅行之前的幾個(gè)月,我和王偉去了圖書館。11.during,through與overduring指某個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在某個(gè)時(shí)間段里或整個(gè)過程

中斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地發(fā)生過多次;或在整個(gè)時(shí)間段里的

某一點(diǎn)發(fā)生過,起止時(shí)間比較明顯through在……期間;從開頭到結(jié)尾(所指時(shí)間包括在內(nèi),

此時(shí)與throughout相同)over意為“在(做)……期間”。over還有“through-

out(aperiod)貫穿(一段時(shí)間)”的意思,相當(dāng)于

during例句Heswimseverydayduringthesummer.在夏天他每天都游泳。Tomwasbravethroughhisfather'sillness.在父親生病期間,湯姆很勇敢。Wehadapleasantchatoveracupoftea.我們一邊喝茶一邊愉快地聊天。HewillstayinWalesover/duringChristmas.他將在威爾士過圣誕。12.for,from與sincefor后接表示時(shí)間段的名詞(詞組),表示行為或狀態(tài)

持續(xù)了多久from后接表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的名詞(詞組),表示行為或狀態(tài)

的起始點(diǎn),而不涉及持續(xù)時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短since后接表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的名詞(詞組),不僅表示行為或

狀態(tài)的起始點(diǎn),而且強(qiáng)調(diào)該行為或狀態(tài)從起始點(diǎn)

一直持續(xù)到此時(shí)此刻,因而與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在

完成(進(jìn)行)時(shí)連用例句Mr.Lienjoyedthecountrylifeandlivedthereforalmostfifteenyears.李先

生喜歡鄉(xiāng)村生活,并在那里住了差不多15年。Myyoungerbrotherbegantolearnsingingfromtheageoffive.我的弟弟從5歲便開始學(xué)習(xí)唱歌了。Ihavebeentranslatingthebooksincelastyear.我從去年就一直在翻譯這本

書。13.at與to表示行為對(duì)象1)at同某些動(dòng)詞連用,常表示攻擊的目標(biāo),含有惡意。Heshoutedatme.他對(duì)我大吼大叫。2)to只表示方向,并無惡意。Ithrewtheballtohim.我把球扔給他。14.at,with,for,from與over表示原因1)at常表示某種情緒的起因,通常在系動(dòng)詞后和表示喜、怒、吃驚等的形

容詞或過去分詞連用。Youdidn'tlookverysurprisedatthenewsofhisfailure.對(duì)他失敗的消息你看上去并不是很吃驚。2)with表示由于某種感情或身體狀況而使某人有某種表現(xiàn)或行為。Herfacewentredwithanger.她氣得臉都紅了。3)for多與含有感情的抽象名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing及reason,famous等詞連用。TheWestLakeisfamousforitsscenery.西湖以它的景色而聞名。4)from常接抽象名詞,表示自然原因。Shefeltsickfromtiredness.她累得想吐。5)over常用于帶有感情色彩的詞,如cry,quarrel,laugh,sigh,argument,

concern等之后,敘述所發(fā)生事情的原因。Thesemenquarreledovermoney.這些人為了錢吵了起來。15.as與like在表示職業(yè)、身份或用途等時(shí),as意為“作為,當(dāng)作”,表示比較的雙方具

有同一性;而like意為“像……一樣,如同”,只表示在某方面相似。例句Heworkedasaslave.他是奴隸。Heworkedlikeaslave.他像奴隸一樣工作。16.by,with,in與through表示“方式,方法,手段”by后面加表示交通、運(yùn)輸、通信

等工具的名詞,且單數(shù)名詞前不

加冠詞byland/sea經(jīng)陸路/海路bywater由水路;乘船byair坐飛機(jī)bypost用郵寄的方式bycar/bus/train乘轎車/公共汽車/火車with用于有形的工具或身體器官之

前,其后的名詞多被冠詞、形容

詞性物主代詞等修飾Weseewithoureyes,hearwith

ourearsandwalkwithourlegs.

我們用眼睛看,用耳朵聽,用腿走

路。Theclotheswereallmadewith

herownhands.這些衣服全是她親手做的。in表示使用的語言、材料等inEnglish用英語inblueink用藍(lán)墨水through通過(多指一些抽象概念)YoucanmasterEnglishthrough

practice.你可以通過練習(xí)掌握英語?？键c(diǎn)四一些含介詞的搭配serveas充當(dāng)buysth.for+金額用多少錢買某物competefor競(jìng)爭(zhēng)searchfor尋找bebasedon以……為基礎(chǔ)accountfor解釋beassociatedwith與……相關(guān)聯(lián)introducesth.tosb.向某人介紹某物comeupwith想出lookforwardto期待takepartin參加concentrateon專注于be/getabsorbedin專注于,沉溺于worryabout擔(dān)心giveriseto引起,使……發(fā)生gotosb.向某人求助;到某人那里去turntosb.forhelp向某人求助cometo...來到……fallinlovewith愛上choosefrom從……中選擇sharesth.withsb.和某人分享某物focuson專注于dowellin擅長(zhǎng)waitfor等待explainsth.tosb.向某人解釋某事burstintolaughter突然大笑起來providesb.withsth.為某人提供某物joinin參加makeupone'smindtodosth.下決心做某事keeptooneself離群索居,不與人來往bedrivenby受……驅(qū)使gobackto追溯到,回溯到leave...for...離開……去……oaccount考慮到go/carryonwith繼續(xù)belongto屬于whenitcomesto...提到……時(shí)benefitfrom/by得益于beconcernedwith關(guān)心bedressedin...穿著……be/getfamiliarwith對(duì)……熟悉bepopularwith/among...受……歡迎becontentwith對(duì)……感到滿意befitfor適合bethankfulfor感謝haveaninfluenceon/upon...對(duì)……有影響ontheedgeof...在……的邊緣onearth究竟;在世界上inexchangefor作為對(duì)……的交換haveaneffecton/upon對(duì)……起作用/有影響attitudeto...對(duì)……的態(tài)度toone'srelief/surprise令某人欣慰/驚訝的是methodof/fordoingsth.做某事的方法answer/keyto...……的答案/關(guān)鍵degreein...……學(xué)位單句填空·介詞專練1.Giantpandasalsoserve

anumbrellaspecies,bringingpro-

tectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwestern

partsofChina.

(2022新高考Ⅰ)2.Heflew4,700kilometers

Xi'antoKashgaronSept.20...

(2022全國(guó)甲)3.May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,whichwasnamed

officially

theUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.

(2022全國(guó)乙)4.Itwasbuiltoriginallytoprotectthecity

theTangdynasty5年高考andhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修復(fù)).

(2021全國(guó)甲)5.Ecotourismhasitsoriginwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.

Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept

thelate1980s.

(2021全國(guó)乙)6.Duetothegrowingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventure

travel,varioustypes

tripsarenowbeingclassifiedaseco-

tourism.

(2021全國(guó)乙)7.In1844theyboughtit

$1,200andsomelandfromCharles

Dresser,whoperformedtheirmarriageceremonyin1842.

(2021浙江6月)8.Museumsmustcompete

people'ssparetimeandmoney

withotheramusements.

(2020新高考Ⅰ)9.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticularinteresttoscientistsbecauseithas

alotofdeepcraters(環(huán)形山),moreso

thefamiliarnearside.

(2020全國(guó)Ⅰ)10.Bambooplantsareassociated

health,abundanceanda

happyhome.

(2020全國(guó)Ⅱ)11.Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(謙卑)bythegreatestartist

earth,MotherNature.

(2020全國(guó)Ⅲ)12.Sometimeafter10,000BC,peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontrol

theworldtheylived

,throughagriculture.

(2020浙江7月)13.Modernmethods

trackingpolarbearpopulationshave

beenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s.

(2019全國(guó)Ⅰ)14.Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack

dogs,

seventobeexact.

(2019全國(guó)Ⅲ)15.Theanswer

thisquestionisnotclear.

(2019浙江6月)16.Iwassearching

thesethreewesternlowlandgorillasI'd

beenobserving.

(2018全國(guó)Ⅲ)17.Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenext

timeyougotoyourmum'shome

dinner,getafewcooking

tipsfromher.

(2018浙江6月)答案

1.as2.from3.by4.in5.until6.of7.for8.for9.than10.with

11.on12.in

13.of/for14.of15.to16.for17.for

1.Beijingwasapplaudedandpraisedbyathletes

itsexcellent

venue(場(chǎng)地)servicesduringtheGames.

(2022廣東佛山二模)2.

ancienttimes,theChinesefanhasbeencarryingartistic

anduniquenationalstyle.

(2022福建泉州四校聯(lián)考)3.It'shardtoimaginewhatyourfavoritesongwouldbelike

a

chorus(副歌).

(2022山東臨沂一模)4.Theabovereasonsallaccount

theendangermentofthe

hawksbillseaturtle.

(2022河北唐山二模)5.Dressed

festivecostumes,WangheldaballoonwithChi-3年模擬nesecharacter“Fu”,meaninggoodluck.

(2022山西太原一模)6.Forthosenotfamiliar

farmlife,JulianSanchez,Deere'sdi-

rectorofemergingtechnologies,saysthattillage(耕地)isanimportant,time

-consuming,andtiringprocessofpreparingthesoilfornextseason'splant-

ing.

(2022河北衡水二模)7.Thebirdstakethecollectedtrashtospecialbinswheretheycanreceive

birdfoodinexchange

puttingawaythelitter.

(2022廣東深圳一調(diào))8.Aspartoftheschool'ssocialstudiesproject,studentsgettolearnaboutthe

historyoflocaltime-honoredbrandsandevenactastourguidesintroducing

originalhutongculture,thecity'snetworkoftraditionalalleys,

visitors.

(2022福建泉州二檢)9.AsuccessfulmerchantduringtheQingDynasty,LiDaquan,wasvisitedby

afriendwhocameup

anovelidea.

(2022山東棗莊二模)10.Someone“updated”thesuperstar'ssocialmedia

April1

topromotehissportsfantasynovel,The

Wizenard

Series:Season

One,tohis

fansaroundtheglobe.

(2021重慶預(yù)測(cè)性考試一)11.Thewritersoftenunderestimated(低估)thepositiveeffectthattheemails

wouldhave

thereceivers.

(2021廣東七校聯(lián)合體聯(lián)考二)12.Thoughthefullstophastakenonadifferentmeaningtotheyoungergen-

eration,specialistsnotedthatitisimportanttotakethelanguageenviron-

ment

account.

(2021山東濰坊期中)13.Everysingleinteractionorconversation,frombuyingabusticket

makingnewfriendswillbeinthislanguage.

(2021廣東新高考適應(yīng)性測(cè)試)14.Craftsmennormallypaintanimalsandflowersonastoneboard

syrup(糖漿).

(2021福建福州八縣市協(xié)作校聯(lián)考)答案

1.for2.Since3.without4.for5.in6.with7.for8.to9.with10.on11.on/o13.to14.with

語篇填空·介詞專練Passage1(2019浙江6月改編)Thereareseveralreasonswhyschooluniformsareagoodidea.Firstof

all,uniformshelptheschoollooksmart.Thestudentsfeelthattheybelong1.

aparticulargroup.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearsthe

uniform,nobodyhastoworry2.

fashion(時(shí)尚).Everybody

wearsthesamestyle3.

clothes.Uniformscanbeuseful4.

unexpectedways.AschoolinIrelandhasintroducedaninter-

estingnewuniform.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloththat

givesofflight5.

thedark.Whenthechildrenarewalkingor

cyclingtoschool6.

darkmornings,cardriverscaneasilyseethem.

Butcanuniformshelpimproveschoolstandards?Theanswer7.

thisquestionisnotclear.OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudents'

gradesimprovedalittleaftertheschoolintroduceduniforms.Butsomestu-

dentsdidn'twanttoweartheuniform.OtherAmericanstudiesshowedno

connection8.

uniformsandschoolperformance.

SchooluniformsaretraditionalinBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingto

getridofthem.Someverygoodschoolsdon'thaveauniformpolicy.How-

ever,uniformsarestillpopular9.

parentsandstudents.Pupils

10.

about90percentofBritishsecondaryschoolswearuni-

forms.答案

[語篇解讀]文章介紹了校服的好處及其使用情況。1.to

2.about

3.of

4.in

5.in

6.on

7.to

8.between

9.with/among

10.at/in

Passage2(2017全國(guó)Ⅲ改編)Shelookslikeanyotherschoolgirl,fresh-facedandfulloflife.Sarah

Thomasislookingforward1.

thechallengeofhernewA-lev-

elcourse.But2.

(like)herschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahis

notspendinghalf-termresting.Instead,sheisearning￡6,500aday3.

amodelinNewYork.

SarahhasbeentoldthatshecouldbeBritain'snewsupermodel,earninga

milliondollarsinthenextyear.HerfatherPeter,44,wantshertogiveup

schooltomodelfull-time.ButSarah,whohastakenpart4.

showsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellas

beauty.Sheisdeterminedtocarryon5.

hereducation.

Shehasturneddownseveralinvitationstostaratshowsinordertoconcen-

trate6.

herstudies.Afterschoolsheplanstotakeayearoffto

modelfull-timebeforegoing7.

universitytogetadegree8.

engineeringorarchitecture.

Sarahsays,“MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.But9.

themoment,schoolcomesfirst.Idon'twanttogettooabsorbed10.

modeling.Itiscertainlyfunbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.Idon

'twanttohavenothingelsetofallbackonwhenIcan'tmodelanymore.”答案

[語篇解讀]文章介紹了16歲的中學(xué)生Sarah在模特界嶄露頭角卻依然以

學(xué)業(yè)為重的故事。1.to

2.unlike

3.as

4.in

5.with

6.on

7.to

8.in

9.at

10.in

Passage3(2017浙江6月改編)LastOctober,whiletendinghergardeninMora,Sweden,LenaPahls-

sonpulledoutahandful1.

smallcarrotsandwasaboutto

throwthemaway.Butsomethingmadeherlookclo