2022年廣西壯族自治區(qū)南寧市希望中學(xué)高三英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

2022年廣西壯族自治區(qū)南寧市希望中學(xué)高三英語下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Thanksto

dramacurrentlyonair,ManFromtheStars,SouthKoreanTVdramashaveattracted

wideraudience． A．the;the B．a(chǎn)；a C．a(chǎn);the

D．a(chǎn);/參考答案：B2.ThisisthefirsttimethatI_____aloneathomeduringtheweekend,boredtodeath.[來

A.haveleft

B.havebeenleft

C.hadleft

D.hadbeenleft參考答案：B3.Neverbefore________seenagirlwhocanswimasfastasYeShiwen.A.hadwe

B.wehad

C.havewe

D.wehave參考答案：C4.Awirelesssmartpillboxcanremindpatientstotaketheirdailyvitamins,________weallfindhardtobelieve.

A.that

B.what

C.which

D.it

參考答案：C略28.LaurawasawayinParisforoveraweek.Whenshegothome,therewasapileofmail______forher. A.waited B.towait C.waiting D.waswaiting參考答案：C6.___________myeffortsatpersuasion，hewouldn’tagreeA.Apartfrom

B．Inspiteof

C．Becauseof

D．Intermsof參考答案：B7.–Listen!It’sraining.

--Oh,really?I________itatall.A.didn’trealize B.don’trealize C.haven’trealized D.hadn’trealized參考答案：A25.---CanImeetyoutomorrowafternoon？

---Sorry.I____animportantguestfromAmericathen.Let’smakeitanotherday.A.amreceiving

B.willhavereceived

C.willreceive

D.willbereceiving參考答案：D略9.Nopleasurecanequal______ofhavingagoodsleepafterhardwork.A.that

B.one

C.it

D.those

參考答案：A略10.It’s_____greatresponsibilitybutalso______greathonourtobechosen.A.a;the

B.the;a

C.a;a

D.a;不填參考答案：C11.______thehouseswereknockeddownintheearthquake.A.Agreatmany B.Thenumberof C.Agreatmanyof D.Agreatdealof參考答案：C12.ThevisitingEuropeanarchitectsshowedgreat

______fortheancientChinesebuildingdesignsintheForbiddenCity.A.preference

B.inspiration

C.interest

D.imagination參考答案：A略13.—Whereismydictionary?IrememberIputithereyesterday.

—You

itinthewrongplace.

A.mustput

B.shouldhaveput

C.mightput

D.mighthaveput

參考答案：

D

解析：本題考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用法。根據(jù)句意“你可能昨天放錯(cuò)了地方”可知，應(yīng)用mighthaveput表示對過去的肯定猜測；should+havedone表示“本應(yīng)該做某事而未做”。14.Heclaimstobeanexpertinastronomy,butinactualfactheisquiteignorantonthesubject.

heknowsaboutitisoutofdateandinaccurate.

A.Whatlittle

B.Toolittle

C.Howmuch

D.Verylittle參考答案：A15.Ourteacherasksustocleanthefloorinthemorningasourdaily_______.

A.routine

B.virtue

C.scale

D.feature參考答案：A略16.Doesthewayyouthoughtof_________theriverwatermakeanysense?

A．beingclean

B．cleaning

C．toclean

D．howtoclean

參考答案：C17.------IfollowedyouradviceonhowtolearnEnglish,butIamstillpoorinit.Why?-----Well,__________.A.alliswellthatendswell.

B.oneman’smeatisanotherman’spoison.C.nopains,nogains.

D.nosweetwithoutsweat.參考答案：B二、新的題型18.___47___.AccordingtoanewsurveybytheNationalSleepFoundation,51%ofkidsaged10to18gotobedat10pmorlateronschoolnights,eventhoughtheyhavetogetupearly.LastyeartheFoundationreportedthatnearly60%of7-to12-year-oldssaidtheyfelttiredduringtheday,and15%saidtheyhadfallenasleepatschool.____48____.Babiesneedalotofrest:mostofthemsleepabout18hoursaday!Adultsneedabouteighthours.Formostschool-agechildren,tenhoursisideal.ButthenewNationalSleepFoundationsurveyfoundthat35%of10-to12-year-oldsgetonlysevenoreighthours.Andguesswhatalmosthalfofthesurveyedkidssaidtheydobeforebedtime?WatchTV.“MorechildrenaregoingtobedwithTVson,andtherearemoreopportunitiestostayawake,withmorehomework,theInternetandthephone,”saysDr.MaryCarskadon,asleepresearcheratBrownUniversityMedicalSchool.Shesaystheseactivitiesatbedtimecangetkidsallexcitedandmakeithardforthemtocalmdownandsleep.___49___.Changinglevelsofbodychemicalscalledhormonesnotonlymaketeenagers’bodiesdevelopadultcharacteristics,butalsomakeithardforteenagerstofallasleepbefore11pm.Becausesleepinessissuchaproblemforteenagers,someschooldistrictshavedecidedtostarthighschoolclasseslaterthantheyusedto.___50___.Studentsparentsandteachersarepleasedwiththeresults.A.Howmuchsleepyouneeddependsalotonyourage.B.Otherexpertssaypartoftheproblemischemical.C.GettinglesssleephasbecomeabadhabitformostAmericankids.D.whathomeworkwaitingforkidsmightalwaysaffectsthemsleepwelleverynight.E.Raisingtheminimumsleepisidentifiedasakeywaytohelpsolvetheproblem.F.Threeyearsago,schoolsinEdina,Minnesota,changedthestarttimefrom7:25amto8:30am.參考答案：47.C

48.A

49.B

50.F這是一篇說明文。文章主要圍繞一項(xiàng)關(guān)于美國孩子的睡眠習(xí)慣的調(diào)查研究展開，講述了正常需要的睡眠時(shí)間，以及孩子們睡得晚的原因，以及一些學(xué)校采取的措施?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)段落結(jié)構(gòu)，此處是選擇本段主題句。根據(jù)本段講述的：51%的10-18歲的美國孩子學(xué)習(xí)日睡得晚起得早，7-12歲的孩子中，60%白天會(huì)犯困，15%甚至在學(xué)校睡著，可知，本段主要講述美國孩子睡眠不足的情況，故C.GettinglesssleephasbecomeabadhabitformostAmericankids.（睡得少已經(jīng)成為大多數(shù)美國孩子的壞習(xí)慣）可以作為本段的主題句。故選C項(xiàng)。【48題詳解】根據(jù)下文講述的，嬰兒需要大約18小時(shí)睡眠，學(xué)生需要10小時(shí)睡眠，成人需要8小時(shí)睡眠，與A.Howmuchsleepyouneeddependsalotonyourage.（你的睡眠時(shí)間由年齡決定）承接自然，符合邏輯?？崭裣挛闹v述的內(nèi)容概括起來就是，不同年齡段的人需要的睡眠時(shí)間不一樣。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】B.Otherexpertssaypartoftheproblemischemical.（其他專家說化學(xué)物質(zhì)可能是其中部分問題）與下文提到的，荷爾蒙這種化學(xué)物質(zhì)水平的改變不僅讓孩子身體發(fā)展出成年的特征，還讓他們在晚上11點(diǎn)之前難以入睡，承接自然，符合語言邏輯。選項(xiàng)提到化學(xué)物質(zhì)，下文解釋這種化學(xué)物質(zhì)會(huì)對孩子造成什么影響，即它所帶來的問題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】空格前句，一些美國學(xué)區(qū)把上課時(shí)間延遲，與F.Threeyearsago,schoolsinEdina,Minnesota,changedthestarttimefrom7:25amto8:30am.（3年前，明尼蘇達(dá)州，伊代納地區(qū)的學(xué)校把上課時(shí)間從7：25延遲到8：30）承接自然，選項(xiàng)是舉例說明上文所提到的把上課延遲的政策。故選F項(xiàng)。三、閱讀理解19.Howdoesanecosystem（生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）work？Whatmakesthepopulationsofdifferentspeciesthewaytheyare？Whyaretheresomanyfliesandsofewwolves？Tofindananswer，scientistshavebuiltmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs，notingwhoeatswhomandhowmucheachoneeats.Withsuchmodels，scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.Mostfoodwebs，forinstance，consistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.Whenapredator（掠食動(dòng)物）alwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey（獵物），thetwospeciesarestronglylinked；whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies，theyareweaklylinked.Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinksbecausethatarrangementismorestableoverthelongterm.Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies，itcansurvivetheextinction（滅絕）ofoneofthem.Andifapredatorcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare，theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.Theweaklinksmaythuskeepspeciesfromdrivingoneanothertoextinction.Mathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodwebsmaybeunstable，wheresmallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems.Inthe1960s，scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspecies---includingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftop-downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.Intheocean，wefishedfortoppredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale，whileonland，wekilledofflargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.Scientistshavebuiltanearly-warningsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideally，thesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.Preventioniskey，scientistssaysbecauseonceecosystemspasstheirtippingpoint（臨界點(diǎn)），itisremarkablydifficultforthemtoreturn.46.Whathavescientistsdiscoveredwiththehelpofmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs？A.Thelivinghabitsofspeciesinfoodwebs.B.Therulesgoverningfoodwebsoftheecosystems.C.Theapproachestostudyingthespeciesintheecosystems.D.Thedifferencesbetweenweakandstronglinksinfoodwebs.47.Astronglinkisfoundbetweentwospecieswhenapredator______A.hasawidefoodchoiceB.caneasilyfindnewpreyC.stickstoonepreyspeciesD.canquicklymovetoanotherplace48.Whatwillhappenifthepopulationsoftoppredatorsinafoodwebgreatlydecline？A.Thepreyspeciestheydirectlyattackwilldieout.B.Thespeciestheyindirectlyattackwillturnintotoppredators.C.Thelivingenvironmentofotherspecieswillremainunchanged.D.Thepopulationsofotherspecieswillexperienceunexpectedchanges.49.WhatconclusioncanbedrawnfromtheexamplesinParagraph4？A.Uncontrolledhumanactivitiesgreatlyupsetecosystems.B.Rapideconomicdevelopmentthreatensanimalhabitats.C.Speciesofcommercialvaluedominateotherspecies.D.Industrialactivitieshelpkeepfoodwebsstable.50.Howdoesanearly-warningsystemhelpusmaintaintheecologicalbalance？A.Bygettingillegalpracticesundercontrol.B.Bystoppingusfromkillinglargepredators.C.Bybringingthebroken-downecosystemsbacktonormal.D.Bysignalingtheurgentneedfortakingpreventiveaction.參考答案：46.B

47.C

48.D

49.A

50.D這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了借助食物網(wǎng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些在食物網(wǎng)運(yùn)營的關(guān)鍵原則?？茖W(xué)家們說;因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)越過了它的臨界點(diǎn)，它們很難再回來。該系統(tǒng)將告訴我們何時(shí)適應(yīng)人類活動(dòng)，這些活動(dòng)正將生態(tài)系統(tǒng)推向崩潰，或者甚至允許我們將生態(tài)系統(tǒng)從邊緣拉回來，預(yù)防是關(guān)鍵?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的Withsuchmodels,scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciple