江蘇省南京師范大學附屬中學高三英語下學期第二次模擬試題（含解析）

江蘇省南京師范大學附屬中學2021屆高三英語下學期第二次模擬試題（含解析）注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮檫干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在打題卡上，寫在試卷上無效。3．考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inasupermarket.B.Inthepostoffice.C.Inthestreet.2.WhatdidCarldo?A.Hedesignedamedal.B.HefixedaTVset.C.Hetookatest.3.Whatdoesthemando?A.He'satailor.B.He'sawaiter.C.He'sashopassistant.4.Whenwilltheflightarrive?A.At18：20.B.At18：35.C.At18：50.5.Howcanthemanimprovehisarticle?A.Bydeletingunnecessarywords.B.Byaddingacoupleofpoints.C.Bycorrectinggrammarmistakes.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoesBilloftendoonFridaynight?A.Visithisparents.B.Gotothemovies.C.WalkalongBroadway.7.Whowatchesmusicalplaysmostoften?A.Bill.B.Sarah.C.Bill'sparents.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhydoesDavidwanttospeaktoMike?A.Toinvitehimtoaparty.B.Todiscussaschedule.C.Tocalloffameeting.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers?A.Theyarecolleagues.B.Theyareclosefriends.C.They'venevermetbefore.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatkindofcameradoesthemanwant?A.ATVcamera.B.Avideocamera.C.Amoviecamera.11.Whichfunctionisthemanmostinterestedin?A.Underwaterfilming.B.Alargememory.C.Autofocus.12.Howmuchwouldthemanpayforthesecondcamera?A.950euros.B.650euros.C.470euros.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhoisClifford?A.Alittlegirl.B.Theman'spet.C.Afictionalcharacter.14.WhosuggestedthatNormanpaintforchildren'sbooks?A.Hiswife.B.Elizabeth.C.Apublisher.15.WhatisNorman'sstorybasedon?A.Abook.B.Apainting.C.Ayoungwoman.16.WhatisitthatshockedNorman?A.Hisunexpectedsuccess.B.Hiseffortsmadeinvain.C.Hiseditor'sdisagreement.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whowouldliketomakesmalltalkaccordingtothespeaker?A.Relatives.B.Strangers.C.Visitors.18.Whydopeoplehavesmalltalk?A.Toexpressopinions.B.Toavoidarguments.CToshowfriendliness.19.Whichofthefollowingisafrequenttopicinsmalltalk?A.Politics.B.Movies.C.Salaries.20.Whatdoesthespeakerremendattheendofhislecture?A.Askingopenendedquestions.B.Feelingfreetochangetopics.C.Makingsmalltalkinteresting.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AIfyouarelookingforsomethingfunandeducationaltodoinMaryland,whynotvisittheMarylandScienceCenter?Itislocatedat601LightStreet,Baltimore,MD2.Theticketpricesvarydependingonages,groupsandtheexhibitsyouchoose.IntroductionTheMarylandScienceCenterisbasicallyamuseum,butitgiveseveryoneachancetolearnthroughexperienceandplay,ratherthanjustglanceatanexhibit.ActivitiesYoucanlearnaboutvarioustopics,includingouterspace,thehumanbody,dinosaurs,electricity,marine(海洋的)biology,energy,andmuchmore.Youcanalsotakepartintheinteractiveactivities,suchasracingbubbles,diggingfordinosaurfossils,usingpuzzlepiecestoconstructcars,andsomuchmore.TheDavisPlanetarium(天文館)AttheDavisPlanetarium,youcanliebackinachairandlookatthestarswhilestillinsidetheScienceCenter.Thestarswillappearontheceilingofthetheatreasyouwatchthem.TherearedifferentshowstocatchattheDavisPlanetarium.YoucanlearnaboutthegalaxyandastronomyduringtheDarkMattersshow.LearnaboutthestarsandplanetsduringtheSkyLiveshow.TheOneWorldOneSkyshowallowschildrentoexplorethestars.TheLivefromtheSunshowwillteachyouallaboutthehotsun.TheKidsRoomForchildren,theycan’tmisstheKidsRoom.Theywillbeabletoplayinawaterarea,constructdamsandwatertowers,pushbuttons,ringdoorbells,buildwithblocks,andmore,anddefinitelytheywilllearnalot.Inaddition,thereisalsoanareaforkidsoftwoyearsoldandunder,wheretheycancrawl,walkandexploresafelywithsofttoys.1.WhatdoweknowabouttheMarylandScienceCenter?A.ItchargesdifferentpricesforparentsandChildrenB.ItisregardedasthemostpopularmuseuminMaryland.C.Itisamuseumwheretherearemanyfamousexhibitions.D.Itismainlydesignedforchildrenandtheirfamiliestoplaytogether.2.Ifyouwanttoknowwhythesunshines,whichshowshouldyouchoose?A.DarkMatters. B.LivefromtheSun.C.OneWorldOneSky. D.SkyLive.3.WhatcanwelearnabouttheKidsRoomfromthepassage?A.Itisdesignedforparentswhohavechildren.B.Itprovidesagoodopportunityforparentstorelax.C.Childrenthereneedtobeacpaniedbytheirparents.D.Itisagoodplaceforchildrentolearnandplayatthesametime.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了一個既有樂趣又有教育意義的場所——馬里蘭科學中心。

【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Theticketpricesvarydependingonages,groupsandtheexhibitsyouchoose.(票價因年齡、團體和展品不同而不同。)”可知父母和兒童的票價不一樣，故選A項。

【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)TheDavisPlanetarium(天文館)中第二段的“TheLivefromtheSunshowwillteachyouallaboutthehotsun.(TheLivefromtheSun將會告訴你關于太陽的一切。)”可知如果你想知道為什么太陽會發(fā)光，應該選擇LivefromtheSun.，故選B項。

【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Forchildren,theycan’tmisstheKidsRoom.Theywillbeabletoplayinawaterarea,constructdamsandwatertowers,pushbuttons,ringdoorbells,buildwithblocks,andmore,anddefinitelytheywilllearnalot.Inaddition,thereisalsoanareaforkidsoftwoyearsoldandunder,wheretheycancrawl,walkandexploresafelywithsofttoys.(對于孩子們，不能錯過的是兒童房。他們可以在水域玩耍，建造水壩和水塔，按鈕，環(huán)形門鈴，用積木建造等等，當然，他們還會學到很多東西。此外，還有一個供兩歲及兩歲以下兒童使用的區(qū)域，他們可以在其中使用毛絨玩具安全地爬行，行走和探索。)”可知TheKidsRoom是一個讓孩子們既可以學習又可以玩耍的好地方。故選D項。

BSomewhereinthewarm,clearwatersoffthecoastofAustralia,amaturebottlenosedolphinisswimmingwithherdaughter.It'sdinnertime.But,insteadofchasingdownafishinopenwaterslikesheusuallydoes,momswimsovertoabasketsponge(海綿)growingontheoceanfloor.Inaquickmove,shebreaksoffapieceofthesponge,thenfitsitcloselyoverhermouth.It'shardnottowonderwhatthatwatchfulyoungstermightbethinkingaboutallthis.Areyougoingtoeatthatsponge?Areweplaying?Withthespongesecuredonherbeak,theolderdolphinstartssweepingherheadbackandforthacrosstheoceanfloor.She'slookingforfishlikethesandperch（沙鱸），whichhidethemselvesontheflooroftheseaunderthesand.Asforthespongestuckontohermouth,itallowshertoclearawaythesandwithoutinjuringherselfonbrokenpiecesofcoral,ormaybeevensufferingthesting（刺痛）ofthescorpionfish.Theextraworkittakestocatchafishlikethesandperchisworthitbecausetheytendtobefattier.Andforadolphin,fattiermeansmorenutritious.Sureenough,afterafewminutes,asandperchesout.Thefishdashesoffforafewyardsandthenhesitates,waitingforamomentbeforeburyingitselfinthesandagain.Inthatbriefpause,theelderdolphinshakesoffthesponge,surfacesforabreath,andthenesdownandcatchesthesandperchbeforeitcanreburyitself.Shethenpassesittoherdaughter.Andwiththat,theyoungerdolphinhasn'tjustgottenagoodmeal；moreimportantly,she'slearnedapowerfulhuntingtechniqueonethatyearsfromnow,she'llpassalongtoherownchildren.4.Whichwordbestdescribestheyoungdolphin'sfeelinginthefirstparagraph?A.Anxious. B.Curious.C.Scared. D.Relaxed.5.Whydoesthemotherdolphinneedapieceofsponge?A.Tochasedownfattierfish. B.Toplaywithherchildren.C.Toprotectherselffrombeinghurt D.Tohideherselfunderthesand.6.Howdoestheolderdolphincatchthesandperch?A.Shewaitsfortherighttime. B.Shehidesunderthesand.C.Shesetsatrapforit. D.Shemakesuseofspace.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Guidanceofanexperiencedelder. B.Relianceofayoungdolphinonhermom.C.Theprocessofcatchingfatfish. D.Thepowerfulhuntingtechnique.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.A【解析】【分析】本文是記敘文，講述了海豚媽媽向孩子傳授捕魚本領的經(jīng)過?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“But,insteadofchasingdownafishinopenwaterslikesheusuallydoes,momswimsovertoabasketsponge(海綿)growingontheoceanfloor.”（但是，不像往常那樣去開闊的水域捕魚，媽媽游向了生長在海底的一籠海綿）和“Areyougoingtoeatthatsponge?Areweplaying?”（你要吃海綿嗎？我們要玩嗎?）可知，媽媽的行為和往常不一樣，由此推知，小海豚此時是感到好奇的。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Asforthespongestuckontohermouth,itallowshertoclearawaythesandwithoutinjuringherselfonbrokenpiecesofcoral,ormaybeevensufferingthesting（刺痛）ofthescorpionfish.”（至于貼在嘴上的海綿，可以讓她在不受珊瑚碎片傷害的情況下清除沙粒，也可以防止不被蝎子魚刺傷）可知，媽媽用海綿是保護自己不受珊瑚碎片的傷害，也可以防止不被蝎子魚刺傷，即保護自己不受傷害。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Thefishdashesoffforafewyardsandthenhesitates,waitingforamomentbeforeburyingitselfinthesandagain.Inthatbriefpause,theelderdolphinshakesoffthesponge,surfacesforabreath,andthenesdownandcatchesthesandperchbeforeitcanreburyitself.”（這條魚猛沖了幾碼，然后猶豫了一下，等一會兒再次把自己埋在沙子里。就在那個短暫停歇的時刻，海豚媽媽把海綿抖開，浮出水面呼吸，然后下來，在鱸魚重新掩埋自己之前抓住了它）可知，海豚媽媽等待沙鱸魚喘息的時刻快速地抓住了它。由此推知，海豚媽媽通過等待好時機，抓到了鱸魚。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內容可知，本文講述了海豚媽媽向孩子傳授捕魚本領的經(jīng)過，結合最后一段的“moreimportantly,she’slearnedapowerfulhuntingtechnique—onethatyearsfromnow,she’llpassalongtoherownchildren.”（更重要的是，她學會了一種強大的狩獵技巧——幾年后，她會把它傳給她的孩子）可知，小海豚從經(jīng)驗豐富的媽媽那里學會了怎樣捕魚的生存技能，以后她也會再傳給下一代。本文說明了一個道理：經(jīng)驗豐富的長輩的指導會代代相傳。故選A?！军c睛】

CAspeoplegetolder,thetypesoffriendstheyhavetendtochange.Asyoungadults,humanshavealotoffriends.Withage,theyoftenprefertospendtheirtimewithjustafewclose,positiveindividuals.Researcherslongbelievedthatthischangewasuniquetohumans,butanewstudyfindsthatchimpsalsohavesimilartendencies.Oneexplanationforthehumanstogetpickyaboutsocialconnectionshastodowithawarenessofourlimitedlifespan.“Peoplemonitorhowmuchtimewehaveleftinourlifeandchooseemotionallyfulfillingrelationshipsinoldage,”saysoneofthestudy'sleadauthorsAlexandraG.Rosati,apsychologistattheUniversityofMichigan.Aspeopleage,theydon’twanttobesurroundedbyalargegroupofnegativefriends,butwouldprefertobenearahandfulofoptimisticindividuals.Rosatiandhercolleagueswerecuriouswhetherchimpswouldshowsimilarfeatureseventhoughtheydon’tseemtobeawareoftheirupingdeath.Researchersused78000hoursofobservationsmadeover20yearsfromtheKibaleChimpanzeeProjectinUganda.Thedatalookedatthesocialinteractionsof21malechimpsbetween15and58yearsold.Theresearchersonlystudiedmalechimpsbecausetheyshowstrongersocialbondsandhavemoresocialinteractionsthanfemalechimps.Researchersfoundthatwildchimpanzeesshareasimilarpattern.“Theyinteractwithothersinmorepositivewaysastheygetolder.Youngeradults,incontrast,showmoreaggressionandweremorelikelytoformonesidedrelationshipswheretheirpartnerdidnotreciprocate.”saysRosati.Forexample,theolderchimpanzeeswouldsitclosetotheirlongtimepanionsandgroom(給……梳毛)eachother,whileyoungerchimpshadmoreonesidedrelationshipswheretheywouldgroomafriend,buttheactionwasn'treturned.ThestudywaspublishedinthejournalScience.“Thisagingpatternmaybetheresultofsharedchangesinourabilitiestomanageouremotionswithage,”Rosatisays.“Thissharedpatternbetweenchimpanzeesandhumanscouldrepresentanadaptiveresponsewhereolderadultsfocusonimportantsocialrelationshipsthatprovidebenefitsandavoidinteractionsthathavenegativeconsequencesastheylosepetitivefightingability.”8.Whydohumanschangetheirpreferenceforfriendsinoldage?A.Theydon’tlikemakingnewfriends.B.Theirfriendspassawayonebyone.C.Theyadapttothechangesinnature.D.Theyknowtheirlifeisrunningout.9.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph3?A.Toshowthestudywasdonescientifically.B.Toshowhowscientiststriedtoprovetheirassumption.C.Toshowhowharditwastoobservethechimps.D.Toshowmalechimpsareunawareofupingdeath.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reciprocate”inParagraph4mean?A.Repaytheirkindness. B.Takecareofthem.C.Getalongwellwiththem. D.Sitclosetothem.11.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.PeoplePreferPositivePartnersinOldAgeB.PositiveBondsBenefitChimpsinManyWaysC.AgingChimpslikeUsGetPickyAboutFriendsD.ChimpsShareSimilarTendencieswithHumans【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。本文通過科學研究來說明猩猩與人類一樣，隨著年齡變大，他們所交的朋友類型也會發(fā)生變化，年老時喜歡選擇少數(shù)幾個親近的又積極活躍的朋友?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Oneexplanationforthehumanstogetpickyaboutsocialconnectionshastodowithawarenessofourlimitedlifespan.(與人類有限的壽命有關的意識是人類對社會聯(lián)系很挑剔的原因的一種解釋)”可知，D項“Theyknowtheirlifeisrunningout(他們知道自己的生命快要耗盡了)”表述與原文解釋一致。故選D。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中的句子“Researchersused78,000hoursofobservationsmadeover20yearsfromtheKibaleChimpanzeeProjectinUganda.Thedatalookedatthesocialinteractionsof21malechimpsbetween15and58yearsold.(研究人員花了78，000小時對烏干達基巴萊黑猩猩項目觀察了20多年。數(shù)據(jù)分析21只1558歲的猩猩的社會相互關系)”中的大量科學數(shù)據(jù)，以及樣本選擇更典型“Theresearchersonlystudiedmalechimpsbecausetheyshowstrongersocialbondsandhavemoresocialinteractionsthanfemalechimps.(研究人員只研究雄猩猩，因為他們的社交紐帶更強，比雌性猩猩有更多的社交互動)”說明了文中所提的研究的科學性，具有說服力。故選A?！?0題詳解】詞意猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句前半句“Youngeradults,incontrast,showmoreaggressionandweremorelikelytoformonesidedrelationships(相反，年輕的成年猩猩表現(xiàn)出更有攻擊性，更有可能地形成單方面的關系)”及后面的舉例解釋“Forexample,theolderchimpanzeeswouldsitclosetotheirlongtimepanionsandgroom(給……梳毛)eachother,whileyoungerchimpshadmoreonesidedrelationshipswheretheywouldgroomafriend,buttheactionwasn'treturned.(比如，年長點的猩猩愿意坐在它們長期的同伴身邊，彼此相互給對方梳毛，然而年輕點的猩猩有更多的單方面的關系，它們給一個朋友梳理毛發(fā)，但是它們的行為沒有得到回報)”可以推出劃線詞的意思是“Repaytheirkindness(付出的善意行為得到回報)”故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段末句“Researcherslongbelievedthatthischangewasuniquetohumans,butanewstudyfindsthatchimpsalsohavesimilartendencies.(研究人員長期認為這變化是人類特有的，但是一個新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)猩猩也有與人類相似的趨勢)”及最后一段“Thissharedpatternbetweenchimpanzeesandhumanscouldrepresentanadaptiveresponsewhereolderadultsfocusonimportantsocialrelationshipsthatprovidebenefitsandavoidinteractionsthathavenegativeconsequencesastheylosepetitivefightingability.(這種猩猩與人類共有的模式呈現(xiàn)了一種適應性的反應，在這反應中，年老的會集中于重要的社會關系，這種關系提供了利益，避免了那種因失去競爭戰(zhàn)斗能力而產(chǎn)生的負面后果的相互關系)”可知，本文自始至終都圍著中心大意“ChimpsShareSimilarTendencieswithHumans(猩猩享有與人類一樣的變化趨勢)”。故選D。DWhenwe’vegotchildren,it’stypicalofustogivecarefulthoughttohowmuchTVthechildrenarewatchingandthatthey’reexposedto.ArewebeingoverprotectiveabouttheeffectrealityTVishavingonourchild?Theansweris“No”.Orrather,there’sincreasingevidencethattheseprogrammescanhaveaprofoundinfluenceonyoungpeople.ArecentresearchindicatesthatsomerealityTVshowscanbeeverybitasdamagingforteenagegirlsastoomanycartoonsareforkids—perhapsevenworse.ThetruthisthatrealityTVisanythingbutreality—butthat’snotnecessarilywhatourchildrenbelieve.AstudyfortheGirlScoutResearchInstituteintheUSfoundthateightoutoftengirlsagedbetween11and17whoregularlywatchrealityshowsbelievetheseprogrammesdescribereallife.Infact,muchofrealityTVisaheavilymanipulatedviewofwhat’sreallyhappening,andtheworstofitstrengthensthesortoffemalestereotypeswomenhavespentdecadestryingtoremove.ManyofthewomenonrealityTVshowsareactingoutlivesasteenagemothersordramaqueens.Strong,hardworking,purposefulyoungwomenwithambitionsbeyondtheirlooksarerareintheseprogrammes.There’sawidespreademphasisonthevalueofwomenbeingabouthowtheylookanddress,whichgivesyoungviewersthemessagethatbeingawomanisallaboutstyleandappearance,notwhatyoudoorstandfor.CulturalcriticandwriterJenniferPoznerdescribesrealityTVas“thecontemporarynegativereactionagainstfeminism”.ImranSiddiquee,DirectorofSocialMediaandOutreach,isconcernedthattheseprogrammesshowtheworststereotypesofwomanhoodand“normalize”theminwhatappeartobeeverydaysettings.“Theyoffersuchalimitedviewofwhatitistobeawoman,andallovertheworldyounggirlsareaddictedtoit,”hesays.Siddiqueedoesrecognize,however,thatmanygirlsthemselvesvaluerealityTV.Somesayitencouragesthemtothinkaboutsituationsdifferentfromtheirown.Theyalsopointoutthatsomeshowsfeaturewomenrunningtheirownsuccessfulbusinesses.“It’simportanttoacknowledgethattherearesomeusefulelementsinrealityTV,”Siddiqueesays.“Butmanygirlsneedtobeinspiredtothinkmorecriticallyaboutsomeaspectsoftheseshowssothey’renotmanipulatedbythemandsotheirbehaviourdoesn’tchangebecauseofthem.”Weshouldencourageourchildrentobecriticalthinkersandhelpthemdeveloptheirmedialiteracy.WhetherrealityTVischangingourchildren’sviews,orwhethertheyareattractedtoprogrammesthatagreewiththeirbeliefs,it’svitalwerecognizethattheirviewinghabitscouldstrengthentheseunbalancedideas.12.Thispassageismostprobablyintendedfor.A.Teenagegirls. B.Parents. C.Mediaworkers. D.Generalpublic.13.WhatistheproblemwitharealityTVshow?A.Itistootruetolifeforaudiencetobelievein.B.Actorsanddirectorslackasenseofinnovation.C.Itscontentsandviewsareratherartificial.DIthascausedcontroversiesamongteenagers.14.AccordingtotheImranSiddquee,whatshouldrealityTVshowspresent?A.Genuineaccountsoffemalesandtheirwork.B.Waystogainmorepopularityamongpeers.C.DistinctionbetweentruelifeandTVdramas.D.Tipsonhowtobeestylishyounggirls.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?A.SituationswhereteenagersareattractedtocertainTVprogrammes.B.RealityTVshows’impactonyounggirlsandparent’sguidance.C.Thewaytohelpchildrentohavethehabitofcriticalthinking.D.ThestereotypesofwomenonTVandaudience’sreaction.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章論述了一些真人電視節(jié)目輸出的錯誤價值觀和內容塑造了對女性的刻板印象和強調外在，忽視了女性內在美和獨立奮斗的形象，會誤導青春期少女。作者呼吁家長培養(yǎng)孩子面對這類內容要進行獨立思考，而不是被塑造影響?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章前兩段可知，作者主要針對“weparents”“ourchildren”在說明當下的一些真人秀對年輕人，尤其是青春期少女的影響，希望家長能給與正確引導。所以這篇文章的目標群體是家長們。故選B。13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ManyofthewomenonrealityTVshowsareactingoutlivesasteenagemothersordramaqueens.Strong,hardworking,purposefulyoungwomenwithambitionsbeyondtheirlooksarerareintheseprogrammes.”（許多電視真人秀中的女性都扮演著少女媽媽或戲劇女王的角色。在這些節(jié)目中，身強力壯、勤奮上進、有遠大抱負的年輕女性并不多見。）和第四段“...theseprogrammesshowtheworststereotypesofwomanhoodand“normalize"theminwhatappeartobeeverydaysettings...”（這些節(jié)目展示了對女性最糟糕的刻板印象，并在似乎是日常的場景中將其“正?；保笨芍?，第三、四兩段集中論述真人秀的問題，內容充滿了對女性的刻板印象解讀，展現(xiàn)的都是女性美麗的外表，而不是一個女性應該有的獨立和上進心，這種價值觀是錯誤的，會誤導女孩對于女性的認知。由此可知，真人秀的內容和觀點是相當虛假的。故選C?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“Theyalsopointoutthatsomeshowsfeaturewomenrunningtheirownsuccessfulbusinesses.”（他們還指出，一些節(jié)目以女性經(jīng)營自己成功的企業(yè)為特色。）可知，一些節(jié)目展現(xiàn)的是成功的經(jīng)營自己事業(yè)的女性，該段在說一些女孩對于這類節(jié)目的思考，也舉出了不同于之前只注重女性外表的節(jié)目。換句話說，ImranSiddquee認為真人秀應該展現(xiàn)的是女性和她們的事業(yè)。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“ArecentresearchindicatesthatsomerealityTVshowscanbeeverybitasdamagingforteenagegirlsastoomanycartoonsareforkids—perhapsevenworse.”（最近的一項研究表明，一些真人秀節(jié)目對十幾歲的女孩的傷害和太多卡通節(jié)目對孩子的傷害一樣大，甚至可能更糟）和最后一段“Weshouldencourageourchildrentobecriticalthinkersandhelpthemdeveloptheirmedialiteracy.”（我們應該鼓勵我們的孩子成為批判性思考者，并幫助他們發(fā)展媒體素養(yǎng)）結合全文內容，可知首段，作者指出現(xiàn)在很多電視節(jié)目對年輕人有很大影響。同時最后一段作者指出，家長要幫助孩子養(yǎng)成批判性的思考習慣，因此文章大意是真人秀對年輕女孩的影響以及家長應如何指引。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項.選項中有兩項為多余選項.Toanoutsider，，understandthewhyandthingsmightbelesspuzzling.___16___.Inaworldwhere61％ofnationsdriveontheright，Britsdriveontheleft.Why?MostpeoplethinkitgoesbacktoMedieval，maybeevenRomantimes.___17___whenyourememberthatrighthandedpeoplewearaswordontheirlefthip.Travellingontheleftallowedyoutokeepyourweaponarmtowardyouropponent，whowouldbeonyourright.Thispracticecontinueduntilthe18thcenturywhenalawwaspassedrequiringalltrafficcrossingLondonBridgetokeeptotheleft.VisitorstotheUKthathavejustwashedtheirhandsinanoldfashionedsinkmightbewonderingwhyonetapisonlyforhotwater，theothercold.___18___.So，whythisoddity?Itrelatestoatimewhenhotandcoldwaterwerekeptseparatetopreventpollution.Drinkablecoldwatercamefromamainssupply，buthotwatercamefromattictanksandwasnotconsideredsuitableforconsumption.Sotheywerekeptapart.Millionsofpeopledrinkteaworldwide，y?Thismysteriouspracticerelatestothequalityofchinacupusedinthe18thcenturywhenteawasfirstimposed.ForthemajorityofBrits，thecupsavailablecouldn’tstandtheheatoftheboilingwaterandwouldbreak，somilkwasaddedfirst.___19___.Andthispracticaltweaksoonbecameanationalhabit.___20___.Asyoucansee，theseoddBritshaveperfectlyclearreasonsforlefthanddriving，twotapsinksandteawithmilk.Eveniftheystillseemstrange，atleastnowyou’reintheknow.A.ThismakesitdifficulttoimproveB.ThereisamethodtothemadnessC.ThisunusualbehaviormakessenseD.YoucanknowtheoriginsofthepracticesE.EithercanmakewashingveryunfortableF.ThiscooledthecupenoughtoresisttheboilingwaterG.HerearethereasonsforthreeofBritain’smorepuzzlingpractices【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.F20.B【解析】【分析】本文屬于說明文，介紹英國靠左駕駛、水槽邊有冷熱兩個水龍頭以及喝茶加牛奶的習俗及其來源。【16題詳解】分析文章可知，第二段至第四段分別介紹英國靠左駕駛、水槽邊有冷熱兩個水龍頭以及喝茶加牛奶的習俗及其來源，G選項，以下就是三個比較特殊的英國習慣的來源，開啟下面的三段，切題，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本空后一句whenyourememberthatrighthandedpeoplewearaswordontheirlefthip.可知，如果你還記得在中世紀或者羅馬時代，習慣用右手的人會把劍佩戴在臀部左側，故C選項，這個不尋常的行為就講得通了，后一句講原因，前一句講結果，切題，故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前一句VisitorstotheUKthathavejustwashedtheirhandsinanoldfashionedsinkmightbewonderingwhyonetapisonlyforhotwater，theothercold.可知，去英國的游客會注意傳統(tǒng)的水盆邊，有兩個水龍頭，一個冷水，一個熱水，會很奇怪。E選項，用任何一個水龍頭都會讓洗手變得不舒服，講述上一句現(xiàn)象的影響，切題，故選E。【19題詳解】根據(jù)前一句ForthemajorityofBrits，thecupsavailablecouldn’tstandtheheatoftheboilingwaterandwouldbreak，somilkwasaddedfirst.可知，當時，大多數(shù)英國人能夠使用的杯子無法承受開水的熱量就會破裂，因此他們就先把牛奶加進去。F選項，這樣就會降低杯子的溫度，使之能夠正常使用，講述前一情況的原理，切題，故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)文章可知，本處是對上文的總結，而B選項Thereisamethodtothemadness，看似瘋狂，實則有理，很好對上文進行總結，切題，故選B?！军c睛】七選五做題步驟。先確定出題的位置；讀題干，再讀需要填入句子的上下句，畫出關鍵詞；讀文章各段落，確定段落中心句和文章主題句；通讀文章確定上下句和選項之間的邏輯關系。若空格位置設在段首，則需要：1）查找同義詞或其他相關的詞，推斷出主題句。2）鎖定關鍵詞，然后在并列、轉折、因果等選項中查找相關特征詞。通常正確答案的最后一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密銜接的。比如小題1，分析文章可知，第二段至第四段分別介紹英國靠左駕駛、水槽邊有冷熱兩個水龍頭以及喝茶加牛奶的習俗及其來源，G選項，以下就是三個比較特殊的英國習慣的來源，開啟下面的三段，切題，故選G。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。IwasfeelingterribleafterIwasdiagnosed(診斷)withcancer.Iaskedthenursestokeepthedoorclosedandthecurtains___21___Everybitofnoiseorlightseemedto___22___thepain.Onemorning,amanknockedonthedoor,askingtocleantheroom.Iansweredwithoutany___23___,hopinghewould___24___quicklyandgoaway.Youshouldopenthesecurtainsand___25___somesunshine,themansaidashePulledthem___26___.“It’sabeautifulday!”Ididn’tanswerandkeptmyeyesclosed.HewouldseethatIdidn'twantto___27___Buthebegantohum(哼唱)softlywhilecleaning.Couldn’thereadmy___28___?“Doyoulikemusic?”heasked.“I___29___do,butI’mnotfeelingwelltoday.”“Oh,Iwillcheeryouup.Ilovemusic,too.”Nowhebegantosingabitlouder.Iopenedmy____30____now,andwebegantotalk.Hetoldmehis____31____experienceofunemploymentandhopelessness.Afewdaysago,Igotthisjob.Itdoesn’tpaymuch,butIlove____32____thepatients.Hecertainlymadeit.My____33____reallychangedafterthat.And____34____,mycancerwasdiscoveredearlyandIwasalive.Everyday,Iopenthecurtainsandletthesunshineintomylife.Thatwasthebest____35____I’deverreceived.21.A.simple B.shabby C.shut D.wrinkled22.A.manage B.ease C.kill D.sharpen23.A.enthusiasm B.mercy C.doubt D.concern24.A.disappear B.finish C.assist D.check25.A.letin B.giveoff C.takeaway D.blockout26.A.tight B.open C.upwards D.together27.A.breathe B.sleep C.survive D.chat28.A.lips B.statements C.signals D.words29.A.hardly B.seldom C.never D.usually30.A.eyes B.mind C.windows D.door31.A.valuable B.fruitful C.enjoyable D.painful32.A.curing B.entertaining C.examining D.attending33.A.attitude B.occupation C.intention D.personality34.A.accidentally B.strangely C.fortunately D.eventually35.A.solution B.advice C.gift D.ment【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.A26.B27.D28.C29.D30.A31.D32.B33.A34.C35.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在確診癌癥后心煩意亂，一位清潔工給他開窗讓陽光進來的建議，讓他對待癌癥和生活的態(tài)度發(fā)生了好的轉變?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我讓護士們把門關上，把窗簾拉上。A.simple簡單的；B.shabby破舊的；C.shut關閉的；D.wrinkled有皺紋的。根據(jù)“keepthedoorclosed”可知此處表示關上窗簾。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每一點聲音或每一點光線似乎都加劇了疼痛。A.manage管理，處理；B.ease減輕；C.kill殺害；D.sharpen加重，削尖。根據(jù)上文“IwasfeelingterribleafterIwasdiagnosedwithcancer.”可知聲音和光會“加劇”我的痛苦。故選D。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我毫無熱情地回答，希望他快點說完，然后走開。A.enthusiasm熱心；B.mercy仁慈；C.doubt懷疑；D.concern擔心。根據(jù)上文“Everybitofnoiseorlightseemedto2thepain.”可知，作者正在經(jīng)受病痛和心理上的痛苦，不愿被人打擾，因此回應也必然是“毫無熱情”的。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我毫無熱情地回答，希望他快點說完，然后走開。A.disappear消失；B.finish完成；C.assist參加；D.check檢查，核對。根據(jù)“quicklyandgoaway”可知作者應該會希望清潔工快速完成工作后離開。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：“你應該把窗簾拉開，讓陽光進來，”那人邊說邊拉開窗簾。A.letin允許進入；B.giveoff發(fā)出；C.takeaway帶走，拿走；D.blockout封閉。根據(jù)“Youshouldopenthesecurtains”可知，清潔工建議作者開窗，目的應該是讓陽光進來。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“你應該把窗簾拉開，讓陽光進來，”那人邊說邊拉開窗簾。A.tight緊緊地；B.open公開的；C.upwards向上；D.together一起，同時。根據(jù)上文“Youshouldopenthesecurtains”可知清潔工邊說話邊把窗簾拉開。故選B。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他看出我并不想聊天。A.breathe呼吸；B.sleep睡眠；C.survive幸存；D.chat閑聊。根據(jù)上文“Ididn’tanswerandkeptmyeyesclosed.”作者沒有回答并且一直閉著眼睛，通過這些，清潔工應該看出“作者不想與人聊天”。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他看不懂我的信號嗎？A.lips嘴唇；B.statements報告，聲明；C.signals標志，信號；D.words話語。根據(jù)上文“Ididn’tanswerandkeptmyeyesclosed.”和“Buthebegantohum(哼唱)softlywhilecleaning.”可知，不回答和閉著眼睛是作者不想交談的信號，但是清潔工還是在唱歌，所以作者內心想的是“難道他看不出來我的‘信號’嗎？”。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“我平常喜歡，但我今天感覺不太好?！盇.hardly幾乎不；B.seldom很少；C.never從不；D.usually通常。根據(jù)“butI’mnotfeelingwelltoday”