【培優(yōu)直通車】2022年新高三英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義-第14講詞匯S-T+書(shū)信作文教師版（上海專用）

2022年新高三英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí)講義（上海專用）

第14講詞匯S-T+書(shū)信作文教師版

教學(xué)內(nèi)容

進(jìn)門(mén)小練筆

Foodservesasaformofcommunicationintwofundamentalways.Sharingbreadorotherfoodsisacommon

humantraditionthatcanpromoteunityandtrust.Foodcanalsohaveaspecificmeaning,andplayasignificantrolein

afamilyorculture'scelebrationsortraditions.Thefoodsweeat——andwhenandhowweeatthem——areoftenunique

toaparticularcultureormayevendifferbetweenrural（農(nóng)村的）andurbanareaswithinonecountry.

Sharingbread,whetherduringaspecialoccasion（時(shí)亥U）oratthefamilydinnertable,isacommonsymbolof

togetherness.Manyculturesalsocelebratebirthdaysandmarriageswithcakesthatarecutandsharedamongthe

guests.Earlyformsofcakeweresimplyakindofbread,sothistraditionhitsitsrootsinthecustomofsharingbread.

FoodalsoplaysanimportantroleinmanyNewYearcelebrations.InthesouthernUnitedStates,piecesofcorn

breadrepresentblocksofgoldforprosperity（興旺）intheNewYear.InGreece,peopleshareaspecialcakecalled

vasilopita.Acoinisputintothecake,whichsignifies（預(yù)示）successintheNewYearforthepersonwhoreceivesit.

Manycultureshaveceremoniestocelebratethebirthofachild,andfoodcanplayasignificantrole.InChina,

whenababyisonemonthold,familiesnameandwelcometheirchildinacelebrationthatincludesgiving

red-coloredeggstoguests.Inmanycultures,roundfoodssuchasgrapes,bread,andmooncakesareeatenat

welcomecelebrationstorepresentfamilyunity.

Nutritionisnecessaryforlife,soitisnotsurprisingthatfoodissuchanimportantpartofdifferentcultures

aroundtheworld.

32.Accordingtothepassage,sharingbread.

A.indicatesalackoffoodB.canhelptodevelopunity

C.isacustomuniquetoruralareasD.hasitsrootsinbirthdaycelebrations

33.WhatdoesthecoininvasilopitasignifyforitsreceiverintheNewYear?

A.Trust.B.Success.C.Health.D.Togetherness.

34.Theauthorexplainstheroleoffoodincelebrationsby.

A.usingexamplesB.makingcomparisons

C.analyzingcausesD.describingprocesses

35.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Thecustomofsharingfood.B.Thespecificmeaningoffood.

C.Theroleoffoodinceremonies.D.Theimportanceoffoodinculture.

32.B【命題意圖】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段中的“Sharingbreadorotherfoodsisacommonhumantraditionthatcanpromote

unityandtrust”可知，答案為B項(xiàng)。

33.B【命題意圖】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。

［解題思路】根據(jù)第二段中“Acoinisputintothecake,whichsignifies（預(yù)示）successintheNewYearforthe

personwhoreceivesit”可知答案為B項(xiàng)。

34.A【命題意圖】考查短語(yǔ)猜測(cè)。

【解題思路】作者是通過(guò)舉例來(lái)說(shuō)明食物在節(jié)日慶祝中的作用的，比如：在第三段中分別以美國(guó)南部、

希臘為例，而第四段中則舉了中國(guó)為例。

35.D【命題意圖】考查主旨大意。

【解題思路】第一段的中心句是“Foodcanalsohaveaspecificmeaning,andplayasignificantroleinafamily

orculture'scelebrationsortraditionsn；第三段的中心句是“FoodalsoplaysanimportantroleinmanyNew

Yearcelebrations；第四段的中心是“Manycultureshaveceremoniestocelebratethebirthofachild,andfood

w

canplayasignificantroleo綜上所述，可知答案為D項(xiàng)。

課堂導(dǎo)入

素材源：scmp（原文有刪改）

Vocabulary

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Note

thatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.quotingB.attachedC.responseD.disciplineE.specifiedF.withdrawn

G.urgentlyH.attendanceI.exposedJ.headingK.expelled

WuhanUniversityinWuhan,Hubeiprovince,1___92studentsfrommorethan10countriesforproblems

rangingfrompoorgradesto___2violationsandfailuretopaytuitionfees,ChangjiangDailyreportedon

Monday.

Theexpulsionsfollowedwarningstothestudentsayearearlier,thereportsaid,___3astaffmemberinthe

admissionsofficeoftheuniversity'sSchoolofInternationalEducation.

Inthepast,theuniversityhadexpelledjustoneortwooverseasstudentsayear,butthenumberrosethisyear

in___4totheMinistryofEducation'scalltoimprovestandardsforoverseasstudents,thestaffmemberwas

quotedassaying.

“Theministryhas5greatimportancetointernationalstudentsstudyinginChina.Inthepastwefocused

onquantity,butnowqualityismoreimportant,9,hesaid.

Underuniversityrules,internationalstudentswhofailtopaytuitionfeesontimewillnotbeenrolled,andthose

whomissmorethan20classescanbe6____fromcourses.

InSeptemberlastyear,theministry___7requirementsforoverseasstudents,orderinguniversitiestohold

themtothesamestandardsaslocalstudents.

Aspartoftherequirements,universitiesmuststrictlyrecord___8andreportthosewhofailtomeetthe

minimumnumberofclassestoeducationandimmigrationauthorities.TheministrysaidinJulythatChina9___

neededtoimprovestandardsinthearea,withmanyinternationalstudentsatChineseuniversitiesnotmakingthe

academicgrade.

WhilemostChinesestudents___10overseasoptforcollegesinEurope,NorthAmericaorAustralia,most

studentscomingintoChinawerefromthedevelopingworld,accordingtoministrydata.

【詞匯講解】」

1.discipline

n.

trainingthatmakespeoplemorewillingtoobeyormoreabletocontrolthemselves,oftenintheformofrules,and

punishmentsifthesearebroken,orthebehaviourproducedbythistraining

訓(xùn)導(dǎo)；訓(xùn)練；紀(jì)律；約束

例：

parental/military/schooldiscipline

父母的訓(xùn)導(dǎo)/軍事訓(xùn)練/校規(guī)

Thereshouldbetougherdisciplineinschools.

學(xué)校的紀(jì)律應(yīng)該更嚴(yán)一些。

2.specify

v.

toexplainordescribesomethingclearlyandexactly

具體說(shuō)明；明確指出

例：

Hesaidweshouldmeetbutdidn'tspecifyatime.

他說(shuō)我們應(yīng)該見(jiàn)見(jiàn)面，但沒(méi)說(shuō)具體時(shí)間。

3.expel

v.

toforcesomeonetoleaveaschool,organization,orcountry

驅(qū)逐；除名；開(kāi)除

例：

Mybrotherwasexpelledfromschoolforbadbehaviour.

我弟弟因?yàn)樾袨椴欢吮粚W(xué)校開(kāi)除了。

4.violate

v.

tobreakoractagainstsomething,especiallyalaw,agreement,principle,orsomethingthatshouldbetreatedwith

respect

違反，違背，違犯（尤指法律、協(xié)議、原則等）

例：

Theywerechargedwithviolatingfederallaw.

他們被控違犯了聯(lián)邦法律。

5.withdraw

v.

totakeormoveoutorback,ortoremove

抽回；取回；提取；撤回；撤離；退出；移回

例：

TheUNhaswithdrawnitstroopsfromthecountry.

聯(lián)合國(guó)已從該國(guó)撤軍。

6.immigration

n.

theactofsomeonecomingtoliveinadifferentcountry

移民（入境）

例：

Therearestrictlimitsonimmigration（intothecountry）.

（該國(guó)）對(duì)入境移民有著嚴(yán)格的限制.

7.attendance

n.

thefactofgoingsomewheresuchasachurch,school,etc.regularly

（有規(guī)律地）出席，參加；到場(chǎng)（如去教堂，學(xué)校等）

例：

Attendanceatlecturesiscompulsory.

這些講座必須去聽(tīng)。

8.enroll

v.

toputyourselforsomeoneelseontotheofficiallistofmembersofacourse,college,orgroup

（使）加入；注冊(cè)；招（生）；吸收

例：

Ienrolledfor/in/onthemodernartcourse.

我注冊(cè)修讀現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)課。

【參考答案】

1-5KDACB6-10FEHGJ

【答案詳解】

1.該題需要?jiǎng)釉~過(guò)去式，根據(jù)意思據(jù)《長(zhǎng)江日?qǐng)?bào)》周一報(bào)道，湖北省武漢市的武漢大學(xué)開(kāi)除了來(lái)自10多個(gè)國(guó)

家的92名學(xué)生。所以選擇K。

2.該題需要一個(gè)名詞，根據(jù)意思原因包括成績(jī)差、違反紀(jì)律和不交學(xué)費(fèi)等。所以選擇D。

3.該題需要一個(gè)ving,根據(jù)意思根據(jù)該校國(guó)際教育學(xué)院招生辦公室一名工作人員說(shuō)，學(xué)生們?cè)诒婚_(kāi)除的前一年

就收到了警告。所以選擇A。

4.該題需要一個(gè)名詞，根據(jù)意思但為了應(yīng)教育部提高留學(xué)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的號(hào)召，今年這數(shù)量有所上升。所以選擇C。

5.該題需要一個(gè)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞，根據(jù)固定搭配，attachgreatimportanceto重視所以選擇B。

6.該題需要一個(gè)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞，根據(jù)意思但為了應(yīng)教育部提高留學(xué)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的號(hào)召，今年這數(shù)量有所上升。所

以選擇F。

7.該題需要一個(gè)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式，根據(jù)意思去年9月，教育部規(guī)定了對(duì)海外學(xué)生的準(zhǔn)則，要求高校按本地學(xué)生的

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)待留學(xué)生。所以選擇E。

8.該題需要一個(gè)名詞，根據(jù)意思作為要求的一部分，大學(xué)必須嚴(yán)格記錄出勤率，并向教育和移民部門(mén)報(bào)告那

些沒(méi)有達(dá)到最低出勤率的學(xué)生。所以選擇Ho

9.該題需要一個(gè)副詞，因?yàn)檎麄€(gè)句子不缺成分，根據(jù)意思教育部在7月份表示，中國(guó)迫切需要提高這方面的

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，因?yàn)樵S多在中國(guó)大學(xué)就讀的國(guó)際學(xué)生沒(méi)有獲得該有的成績(jī)。所以選擇G。

10.該題需要一個(gè)ving,根據(jù)意思教育部的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，盡管大多數(shù)赴海外留學(xué)的中國(guó)學(xué)生選擇歐洲、北美或澳

大利亞的大學(xué)，但大多數(shù)赴華學(xué)生來(lái)自發(fā)展中國(guó)家。所以選擇J。

精講精練

知識(shí)點(diǎn)一（考綱詞匯S-T）

【考綱詞匯S-T1

1.sacrificen/vt.犧牲；獻(xiàn)祭

2.samplen.樣品，標(biāo)本；實(shí)例

3.scarceadj.缺乏的；稀有的

4.scarcelyadv.幾乎不；剛剛;才

5.schedulen.時(shí)間表，計(jì)劃（表）；日程安排（表）

6.secureadj.安全的；安心的；牢固的

使安全；保衛(wèi)；獲得

7.seekvt.尋找；尋求；探求

8.seizevt.抓??；奪取

9.sensibleadj.明智的；合情理的；有知覺(jué)的

10.sensitiveadj.敏感的；神經(jīng)過(guò)敏的

11.separatea力分開(kāi)的；各自的；單獨(dú)的

vt.使分開(kāi)；使隔離；劃分；區(qū)分

12.settingn.環(huán)境；（舞臺(tái)，小說(shuō)等的）背景；調(diào)節(jié)

13.severeadj.嚴(yán)重的；嚴(yán)厲的；嚴(yán)格的

14.shallowadj.淺的

15.shelter〃.隱臧所，庇護(hù)者，避難所；保護(hù)，庇護(hù)

vt.遮蔽，隱蔽；保護(hù)

vi.躲避,避難

16.shiftn.轉(zhuǎn)換；輪班；變化vt.轉(zhuǎn)換，移動(dòng)；變化

17.shortcutn.近路；捷徑

18.shrinkvi.收縮；退縮

19.significantadj.重要的；有重大意義的

20.simplifyVt.簡(jiǎn)化；使簡(jiǎn)易

21.sincerelyadv.真誠(chéng)地

22.slightadj.輕微的；少量的，不足道的

23.smoothadj.平滑的；平穩(wěn)的；順利的

24.sociableadj.（好）交際的；社交的

25.specificadj.明確的；具體的；特定的

26.spiritualadj.精神上的

27.splendidadj.壯麗的；輝煌的；（口）極好的

28.spoilVt.破壞；糟蹋；寵壞；

Vt.（食物）變質(zhì)

29.sponsorvt.主辦，贊助

n.發(fā)起者；贊助商；主辦者

30.stableadj.穩(wěn)定的；穩(wěn)固的

31.steadyadj.穩(wěn)的；穩(wěn)定的

32.stimulateVt.激勵(lì)；刺激

33.strategyn.戰(zhàn)略；策略；行動(dòng)計(jì)劃；對(duì)策

34.stressn.壓力；緊張

vt.強(qiáng)調(diào)

35.strikeV.打，擊；（災(zāi)害，疾病等）襲擊

n.罷工

36.strivevi.努力；奮斗；力爭(zhēng)，力求

37.structuren.結(jié)構(gòu)；構(gòu)造

38.stylishadj.流行的；時(shí)髦的

39.subconsciousadj.潛意識(shí)的；意識(shí)不清的

40.substance.物質(zhì)，材料

41.substitutevt.用…代替

n.代替者（物）

42.sufficientadj.充足的，足夠的

43.summaryn摘要；總結(jié)

44.superioradj.較好的；上級(jí)的

n.上級(jí)；長(zhǎng)輩

45.superviseV.監(jiān)督；管理；指導(dǎo)

46.surrounding（川.）環(huán)境，周圍的事物

adj.周圍的，環(huán)繞的

47.suspectVt.對(duì)…有所察覺(jué)；懷疑；對(duì)…有所疑問(wèn)

n.嫌疑犯

48.suspicionn.懷疑

49.suspendV.懸，掛，吊；（使）懸浮

50.switchvi/n.開(kāi)關(guān)；轉(zhuǎn)換

51.symbolicadj.象征的

52.sympatheticadj.同情的

53.symptomn.癥狀

54.talkativeadj.好說(shuō)話的；健談的

55.targetn.目標(biāo)；對(duì)象

vt.規(guī)定…的指標(biāo)；把…作為目標(biāo)

56.temporaryadj.暫時(shí)的；臨時(shí)的

57.temptVt.吸引；引誘

58.tendencyn.趨勢(shì)；（性格，性質(zhì)或作品等的）傾向

59.tensionn.緊張

60.terminaln.末端；終端；終點(diǎn)

61.territoryn.領(lǐng)土，領(lǐng)地，地區(qū)

62.themen.（談話，討論，文章等的）題目，主題

63.therapyn.療法；治療

64.thoroughadj.徹底的；完全的

65.toughadj.堅(jiān)韌的；棘手的；固執(zhí)的；能吃苦耐勞的

66.trackn.蹤跡；足跡；小道；路徑

Vt.追蹤

67.tragedyn.悲劇；災(zāi)難；慘事

68.transferu搬；轉(zhuǎn)移；調(diào)動(dòng)

69.transformvt.改造；改革；使改變性質(zhì)

7O.translateV.翻譯；轉(zhuǎn)變

71.tremendousadj.極大的，巨大的

72.trend幾（路，河流等的）走向；趨勢(shì)；傾向

vi,趨勢(shì)；傾向

73.trickn.詭計(jì)；戲法；技巧；惡作劇憶欺詐

74.typicaladj.典型的；有代表性的

知識(shí)點(diǎn)二（書(shū)信作文）

應(yīng)用文之書(shū)信寫(xiě)作1

你的好友因家境一般買不起名牌而悶悶不樂(lè)。給他寫(xiě)信，談?wù)勀愕目捶ê徒ㄗh。

收信人:徐海青寄信人：黃平寄信日期:2021六月八曰

DearHaiqing,

Ihearyouareveryunhappytheseclaysbecauseyourparentscan'taffordtobuyyousomebrand-nameshoesand

garmentsyoulikeverymuch.AndIwriteyouthislettertosharewithyouwhatIthinkaboutthismatter.[Part1:描

述問(wèn)題，直奔主題]

Tobeginwith,beautyisjustskindeep.Don'tyouthinkitsillytopaysomuchattentiontoyourappearance?He

isashallowpersonwhojudgesothersbytheirappearance;inthesamesenseheisashallowpersonwhothinksthata

brand-namegarmentcanaddtohisglamour.Soplease,justforgetabout-thosebrand-namethings.Whatreallymatter

isriotwhetheryouwearbrand-nameshoesorgarmentsbutwhetheryourclothesfityou.Asastudent,youhaveto

weartheschooluniformontheweekdaysandtobehonest(frank),youlookverysmartinit.Thenwhydoyouhave

tobothertobuytheexpensivebrand-namethings?

Secondly.Iknowyourparentsarebothaverageworkers.Hardastheywork,theydon'tearnmuch.Despitethis,

theydotheirbesttogiveyoualotofthingsondemand.

Lookatthecallus(老苗)ontheirhandsandwrinklesontheirfaces,howcanyouhavethehearttoaskformore

thantheycanafford,whichwillsurelybreaktheirhearts?

Remember,parentsdon'toweusexpensivesummercamps;theydon'toweusSonyWalkman;nordotheyowe

usNikeshoes.Ifyoureallywantthosefancythingsyoushouldtakeapart-timejobtocontributetotheirpurchase

ratherthanaskyourparentsformoneytoaddtotheiralreadyheavyburden.Don'tyouthinkso?

Thirdly,wehavesuchawidevarietyofthingsavailablethesedayswhicharebothniceandinexpensive.What's

thepointofpayingmuchmoreforthosebrand-namethingsthatarenotmuchbetter?Myfriend,takemyadvice,and

you'llbeawiserConsumeraswellasamoreconsideratechildtoyourparents.[Part2:；闡明看法，提出建議]

Poverty,sometimes,isagoodthing.Itcantestaperson'scharacteranditmakesamanoutofaboyfasterthan

anythingelse.Keepworkinghard,andyouareboundtobeabletoaffordthosethingsinthenearfuture.Nowyou

mayaswellfocusonyourstudy.Anyway,wouldn'titbefunny,forawould-beachievertobesopreoccupiedwith

brand-namethingsalldaylong?[Part3:總結(jié)全文]

Keepintouch.

Yours

HuangPing

主題詞匯及句型積累

1.表述先后順序的短語(yǔ)

Tobeginwith首先

Secondly其次

Thirdly再者

2.paysomuchattentionto注意

3.inthesamesense在同樣意義上

4.addlo增加

5.tobehonest老實(shí)說(shuō)

6.botherto怕麻煩

7.breaktheirhearts使某人心碎

8.contributeto貢獻(xiàn)于

9.ratherthan而彳;是

10.areboundlo注定

11.focuson關(guān)注于

12.besopreoccupiedwith一心想做，專注于

13.Keepintouch保持聯(lián)系

當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)

一：相關(guān)翻譯

2021閔行一模

72.游客不僅能品嘗這里的美食，還能免費(fèi)觀看地方戲曲。(free)

73.長(zhǎng)輩們常不厭其煩地叮囑我們要趁年輕多學(xué)本領(lǐng)，勤讀書(shū)。(while)

74.如果沉溺于虛擬世界，疏于人際交流，你會(huì)感覺(jué)與周圍的一切格格不入。(addict)

75.這部電影制作成本低，既無(wú)大牌明星出鏡，也無(wú)復(fù)雜的故事情節(jié)，但主人公對(duì)故鄉(xiāng)深

深的依戀之情令觀眾動(dòng)容。(neither...nor)

答案

72.Visitorscannotonlytastethedeliciousfoodhere,butalsoenjoythefreelocalopera.

73.Theeldersrepeatedlytellustoobtainmoreskillsandstudydiligently(l分)whileweareyoung.

74.Ifyouaddictyourselftothevirtualworldandneglectinterpersonalcommunication,youwillfind

ithardtoadaptyourselftothethingsaroundyou.

75.Althoughthiswasalow-costfilm,withneitherfamousstars(init)norcomplicatedplot,the

audiencewasgreatlymovedbythedeeploveofthemaincharactertohishometown.

2021長(zhǎng)寧一模

72.我在玩縱橫字謎時(shí)拼錯(cuò)了一個(gè)詞，卡住了。(stick)

73.這套房有兩居室，小的那間可用做書(shū)房。(serve)

74.盡管我們?cè)谏钪袝?huì)遇到困難，但人人都有機(jī)會(huì)讓他人的生活有所改變。(regardless)

75.在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代，便捷和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)共生，只有具有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范意識(shí)方能擁有安全感和獲得感。

(unless)

答案

72.1gotstuckwhenImisspelledawordinacrosswordpuzzle.

73.Therearetwobedroomsintheflat,thesmallerofwhichservesasastudy.

74.Eachofus,regardlessofwhatdifficultieswemayencounter/meetinlife,

75.Inanage/eraoftheInternet,whenconvenienceandrisksconexist,wecannothaveasenseof

achievementsandsafety,unlesswehavetheconsciousnessofriskprevention.

二：作文練習(xí)

Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.

你校學(xué)生會(huì)主席Simon在征集明高中畢業(yè)典禮的活動(dòng)方案，作為高三的學(xué)生，請(qǐng)你給他寫(xiě)封信，信的內(nèi)

空必須包括以下兩個(gè)方面：

1、闡述你活動(dòng)方案的主題和內(nèi)容；

2、談?wù)勀阍O(shè)計(jì)該方案的理由。

（信中不能提到真實(shí)姓名和學(xué)校）

DearSimon,

Knowingthatyouarecollectingvariousideasofholdingthegraduationceremonyofourhighschoolstudents,

I'mwritingtodevotemyeffortstothepotentialplan.

Inmyperspective,theactivityshouldbebasedondreamandmemory,whichwillnotonlyfocusonthebright

prospectofthegraduatesbutalsotouchontheenjoyableinteractionbetweenstudentsandtheirrespectableteachers.

Whenitcomestospecificcontentoftheactivity,it'sadvisableforstudentstonotedowntheirdreamsonthetips,

whichwillthenbeshowntothevastmajorityonthewall.Thencomesthepresentationoftherewardingmomentsin

theirhighschoollife.Severalstudentswillberecommendedfromrespectiveclasstodemonstratepreciousphotosor

videosfulloftheirmemory.

Thereasonsforthisplanarelistedasfollows.Firstandforemost,dreamsaretograduateswhatwateristofish.

Withoutdreams,thereisagreatlikelihoodthattheywillbeatalossinuniversityeducation.Bywritingdowntheir

dreams,studentscanencourageeachothertotakeactiontorealizethem.Inaddition,memoryisalsoan

indispensablepartoftheirlife.Onlybysharingphotosorvideoswillstudentshaveasenseofbelongingtoacertain

community.Andthememorywillbeallaroundnomatterwheretheyare.

Asaseniorthreestudent,IhavesuchmixedfeelingsaboutthisceremonythatI'mgenuinelyhopingthatyou

willgiveseriousconsiderationtomyplan.Iwishyoueverysuccessaboutit.

Yours,

Jack

溫故知新

ILGrammarandvocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheother

blanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

Cosmicraysaremysterious,high-chargedatomicparticlestravelingthroughspaceatthespeedoflight,(21)

havepuzzledscientistsforyears.ButforYangJia,amemberoftheNationalCommitteeofChinese

People'sPoliticalConsultativeConference(CPPCC),China'stoppoliticaladvisorybody,theabilitytoseeandstudy

them(22)helpgenerateinterestinscienceandspaceamongschoolchildren.

Cosmicrays,first(23)(discover)in1912,havebeenanenigmaforyears,buttheirdetectabilitymeans

theycanbestudiedbymiddleandhighschoolstudentswithabasicknowledgeofphysics.

Yang,alsoaprofessorandamemberoftheJiusanSociety,ademocraticpoliticalparty,proposedfurther(24)

(promote)thestudyofcosmicraysonschoolcampusesatthisyear'sTwoSessions.

"It'sawonderfulidea.IheardapresentationfromascientistZhangChuang,andIwasquiteexcited.Ithinkitis

awonderfulway(25)(share)theirknowledgewithyoungpeople.Atthattime,IheardinLosAngeles,there

werealready80highschoolshavingsuchextracurriculums,andinItaly,therewere50.ButinChina,therewerejust

afew,"saidYang.

AnorganizationcalledCampusCosmicRayObservationCollaboration(26)(establish)inSeptember

2020topromotetheidea.Zhang,headoftheorganization,saidtheyplantobuildmorestationsonschoolcampuses

acrossChina.

"We'vebeenworkingonbuildingmoreobservationstationsoncampuses.Atthemoment,wehavethreein

Dongzhimen,andweplantosetupmore.Nowweareworkingwiththreeschoolstobuildsuchstations.Wealsotry

toputourexistingdataonthewebsitesothatstudentscancarryoutrelatedstudieswithopenaccess,'1saidZhang.

(27)cosmicrayobservationbelongstothefieldoffrontierphysics,expertssayintroducingittothe

campushelpspopularizescienceamongstudents.

ChinesescientistShenChangquan,79,(28)(guide)DongzhimenHighSchoolworkshopforseven

yearssincehisretirement.Hesaidsuchactivitiescanhelpincreaseyoungstudents,interestinscience.

“Byexposingstudentstocutting-edgescience,studentscanstandontheshouldersofgiantsandtouchawider

world.It'snotabout(29)beingscientists.It'sjustthatalotofadvancedequipmenttodayrequiresphysics

knowledge,andimprovingthephysicslevelofallpeopleisveryimportant,"saidShen.

Talkingaboutthefutureoftheproposal,Yangsaidsheislookingforwardtoseeingmoredialoguebetweentop

scientistsandstudentsinChina.Shesaidtheyareoptimistic,and(30)thedifficultiesahead,the

driveforhumanstofullyunderstandtheunknowncanneverbestopped.

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethat

thereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.collectivelyB.engineC.convincedD.contribute

E.distributeF.envisionedG.addressH.increasingly

I.seeminglyJ.engagementK.initiative

Oceanplastichasbecomeadefiningproblemofourtime,andachallengetotheworld'sbrightestthinkersand

innovators.Withasignificantportionofplasticwasteenteringthroughrivers,theAlliancetoEndPlasticWasteis

supportingtheworkofRenewOceanto(31)thelackofwasteinfrastructureindevelopingregions.

ResearchpublishedinEnvironmentalScience&Technologyin2017showsthatrivers(32)dump

anywherefromahalftothreemilliontonsofplasticintotheseaseveryyear.Accordingtothedata,tenriversalone

carry93percentoftheriver-borneplasticsthatendupintheocean.Tohelppreventthisplasticwastefromreaching

theocean,theAlliancetoEndPlasticWastewillsponsorRenewOceans,alocalized(33)andinvestment

projectfocusedonhigh-leakagerivers.AsaFoundingGlobalOceansSponsor,theAlliancewill(34)its

materialsandlogistics(物流)capabilities.TheNationalGeographicSocietyhasalsosupportedtheRenewOceans

(35).

RenewOceansispartoftheRenewologypartnership,abrainchildofPriyankaBakaya.GrowingupinAustralia,

Bakayabecamefascinatedbyscience,chemistry,andtheenvironment.TripstoIndiaasachild(36)herof

theneedtodosomethingpositiveforanenvironment(37)strainedbyplasticwaste.AtStanfordUniversity,

shebecameawareofsocialentrepreneurshipandcontinueddevelopingherideasforendingplasticwasteinbusiness

schoolatMIT.

HowdoesRenewOceansplantotacklea(n)(38)insurmountable(難以克服的)problem?First,using

proprietary(專利的)“bioffence"technologydesignedbyRenewology,plasticwasteiscollectedasitflowsdown

riversandbranches.ReFencesdiverttheplasticandthuskeepitfromaccumulatingandenteringtheocean.As(39)

,theprogramhasmajorsidebenefits.Theplasticcollectedacrossthedevelopingworldwillbeconverted

intofuel,whilewastepickerswillreceivecompensationdirectlytiedtothefuelgeneratedfromtheplasticthey

collect.Renewologycanbecomeapowerful(40)forempoweringlocalcommunitieswhilecleaningupthe

world'strashandprovidingnecessaryfuel.

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillin

eachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Todaywecontinueourseriesonecologyandconservationwithalookataparticularlyendangeredmemberof

theblackbearfamily.Oneintenblackbearsis(41)bornwithawhitecoat,whichistheresultofa/an(42)

genethatsurfacesinafew.Localpeoplehavenamedit'thespiritbear*.Andaccordingtothelegendsof

thesecommunities,itssnowyfurbringswithitaspecialpower.Becauseofthis,ithasalwaysbeenhighly(43)

bythem——somuchthattheydonotspeakofseeingittoanyoneelse.Itistheirwayofprotectingitwhen

strangersvisitthearea.

Thewhitebear's(44)isquiteinteresting.Thebear'sstrongrelationshipwiththeold-growthrainforestis

acomplexone.Thewhitebearreliesonthehugecenturies-oldtreesintheforestinmanyways.(45),the

old-growthtreeshaveextremelylongrootsthathelppreventerosion(腐蝕)ofthesoilalongthebanksofthemany

fishstreams.Keepingthesebanksundamagedisimportantbecausethesestreamsarehometosalmon,whicharethe

bear'smainfbod(46).Thebear'sfeedinghabitsnurturetheforest(47).Asthebearseat

thesalmon,theyabandontheskinandbonesingreatamountsontheforestfloor,whichprovidevitalnutrients.These

producevegetationthat(48)thousandsofothertypesoflifeforms,frombirdstoinsectsandmore.

Today,thespiritbearlivesoffthecoastoftheprovinceofBritishColumbiaonafewislands.Thereisgreat

concernfortheirsurvivalsinceitisestimatedthatlessthantwohundredofthesewhitebearsremain.Thebestwayto

protectthemistomakeeveryefforttopreservethe(49)balanceoftheirforestenvironment—in

otherwords,theirecosystem.

Thegreatest(50)tothebear'sexistenceisthelossofitshabitat.Overmanyyears,loggingcompanies

havestrippedthelandby(51)alargenumberoftrees.Inaddition,theyhavebuiltroadswhichhave

fracturedtheareaswherethebearusually(52),andmanyhibernationsiteshavealsobeenlost.Thelogging

ofthetreesalongthestreamshasdamagedtheplaceswherethebearsfish.Tomakemattersworse,thenumber

ofsalmoninthosestreamsisdecliningbecausethereisnolegal(53)onfishingatthemoment.

Allthese(54)haveanegativeimpactonthespiritbear'sveryexistence,whichismadeallthe

morefragilebythefactthatreproductionamongthesebearshasalwaysbeen(55)low.Whileitis

importanttomaintainthespiritbear'shabitat,therealsoneedstobemoreemphasisonitsexpansion.Themoveis

justifiedasitwillalsocreatespaceforotherbearsthatarelosingtheirhomes.

41.A.originallyB.actuallyC.speciallyD.cautiously

42.A.externalB.scarceC.circularD.special

43.A.justifiedB.threatenedC.regardedD.instructed

44.A.habitatB.behaviorC.habitD.data

45.A.MoreoverB.ForexampleC.InotherwordsD.Inaddition

46.A.originB.issueC.resourceD.source

47.A.bythewayB.inreturnC.tosomeextentD.onthecontrary

48.A.stimulatesB.owesC.originatesD.sustains

49.A.typicalB.specificC.delicate