2018 年12 月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題及答案（一）

2018年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題（一）PartI Writing (30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthechallengesoflivinginabigcity.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartⅡ ListeningComprehension (25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearnewsAttheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorquestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Landaspacevehicleonthemoonin2019.Designanewgenerationofmobilephones.Setupamobilephonenetworkonthemoon.Gatherdatafromthemoonwithatinydevice.A)Itisstable. C)Itisinexpensive.Itisdurable. D)Itissophisticated.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)ItlastedmorethansixhoursNoinjurieswereyetreported.Nobodywasinthebuildingwhenitbrokeout.Ithadburnedfor45minutesbythetimefirefightersarrived.A)Recruitandtrainmorefirefighters.Pulldownthedesertedshoppingmall.Turntheshoppingmallintoanamusementpark.Findmoneytorenovatethelocalneighborhood.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.A)Shrinkingpotatofarming. C)Widespreadplantdisease.Heavyrelianceonimport. D)InsufficientpotatoA)Itintendstokeepitstraditionaldiet. C)Itisafraidofthespreadofdisease.Itwantstoexpanditsownfarming. D)Itisworriedaboutunfaircompetition.A)Globalwarming. C)Governmentregulation.Ever-risingprices. D)Diminishinginvestment.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)Informative. B)Inspiring. C)Dull. D)A)Shetypesonakeyboard. C)Shetakesphotos.Shedoesrecording. D)Shetakesnotes.A)Itkeepshermindactive. C)Itenableshertothinkhard.Itmakesherstayawake. D)Ithelpsherkilltime.A)Itenableshertoimproveherpronunciation.Ithelpsherbetterrememberwhatshelearns.Itturnsouttobeanenjoyablewayoflearning.Itprovestobefarmoreeffectivethanwriting.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A)spendherhoneymoon. C)takephotosoftheMahal.tryauthenticIndianfood. D)tracetheoriginofaloveA)Inmemoryofaprincess.Inhonorofagreatmarkthedeathofanemperorofthe1600s.celebratethebirthofaprincess’s14thchild.A)Itlooksolderthanexpected. C)Itstoreslotsofpricelessantiques.Itisbuiltofwoodandbricks. D)Ithaswallsdecoratedwithjewels.A)TheirstreetsareC)Eachonehasauniquecharacter.Theyaremostlycrowded. D)Lifecanbetediousinsomeplaces.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Theyhelpspreadthelatesttechnology.Theygreatlyenrichleisurelife.Theyprovideresidentswiththeresourcesneeded.Theyallowfreeaccesstodigitalbooksandvideos.A)Byhelpingthemfindjobs. C)Bykeepingthemthestreets.ByinspiringtheirD)Byprovidingaplaceofrelaxation.A)Theirinteractionwithteenagersprovedfruitful.Theyusedlibrarieslessoftenthanteenagers.TheytendedtovisitlibrariesTheirnumberincreasedQuestions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Itisthecleverestcatintheworld. C)Itisanunusualcrossbreed.ItisthelargestcatinAfrica. D)Itisalarge-sizedwildcat.A)Theyareasloyalasdogs. C)Theyarefondofsleepingincabinets.Theyhaveunusuallylongtails. D)Theyknowhowtopleasetheirowners.A)Theyshaketheirfrontpaws. C)Theyshowerwiththem.Theyteachthemtodive. D)Theyshoutatthem.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A)Anxiousanddepressed. C)Excitedbutsomewhatsad.Contentedandrelieved. D)Proudbutabitnervous.A)Itisbecomingparents’biggestconcern. C)Itdependsontheirparentsforsuccess.Itisgainingincreasingpublicattention. D)Itstartsthemomenttheyareborn.A)SetagoodexampleforthemtoC)Helpthemtolearnbythemselves.Readbooksandmagazinestothem. D)Choosetherightschoolforthem.A)Theirintelligence. C)Theefforttheyputinlearning.Theirhomelife. D)Thequalityoftheirschool.PartⅢ ReadingComprehension (40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.MillionsdieearlyfromairpollutioneachAirpollutioncoststheglobaleconomymorethan$5trillionannuallyinwelfarecosts,withthemostserious26occurringinthedevelopingworld.Thefiguresincludeanumberofcosts27 withairpollution.Lostincomealoneamountsto$225billionayear.Thereportincludesbothindoorandoutdoorairpollution.Indoorpollution,whichincludes28likehomeheatingandcooking,hasremained29 overthepastseveraldecadesdespiteadvancesinthearea.Levelsofoutdoorpollutionhavegrownrapidlyalongwithrapidgrowthinindustryandtransportation.DirectorofInstituteforHealthMetricsandEvaluationChrisMurray30 itasan“urgentcalltoaction”.“Oneoftheriskfactorsforprematuredeathsistheairwebreathe,overwhichindividualshavelittle31 ,”hesaid.Theeffectsofairpollutionareworstinthedevelopingworld,whereinsomeplaceslost-laborincome32 nearly1%ofAround9in10peopleinlow-andmiddle-incomecountriesliveinplaceswherethey33 experiencedangerouslevelsofoutdoorairpollution.Buttheproblemisnotlimited34 tothedevelopingworld.ThousandsdieprematurelyintheU.S.asaresultofrelatedillnesses.InmanyEuropeancountries,wherediesel(柴油)havebecomemorecommoninrecentyears,thatnumberreachestensofthousands.M)sourcesM)sourcesE)controlL)relatesD)constantK)regularlyC)consciouslyJ)innovatedB)associatedI)exclusivelyA)abilityH)equalsH)equalsO)vehiclesG)describedN)undermineF)damageSectionBDirections:Inthissection,yougoingtoapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphwhichtheinformationisderived.maychooseaparagraphthanonce.EachparagraphismarkedwithaAnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.Food-as-MedicineMovementIsWitnessingProgressSeveraltimesamonth,youcanfindadoctorintheaislesofRalph’smarketinHuntingtonBeach,California,wearingawhitecoatandhelpingpeoplelearnaboutfood.OnonerecentthisdoctorwasDanielNadeau,wanderingthecerealaislewithAllisonScott,givinghersomeideaonhowtofeedkidswhopersistentlyavoidanythingthatis“Haveyouthoughtabouttryingfreshjuicesinthemorning?”heasks“Thefrozenorangesandapplesarealittlecheaper,andfruitsarereallygoodforthebrain.Juicesarequickandeasytoprepare;youcantakethefrozenfruitoutthenightbeforeandhaveitreadythenextmorning.”ScottisdelightedtogetfoodadvicefromaphysicianwhoisprogramdirectorofthenearbyMaryandDickAllenDiabetespartoftheSt.JosephHoagHealthalliance.Thecenter’s“ShopwithDoc”programsendsdoctorstothegrocerystoretomeetwithanypatientswhosignupfortheservice,plusanyothershopperswhohappentobearoundwithquestions.Nadeaunoticesthepre-mademacaroni()-and-cheeseboxesinshoppingcartandsuggestssheswitchtowholegrainmacaroniandrealcheese.“SoI’dhavetomakeit?”sheasks,herenthusiasmfadingatthethoughtofhowlongthatmighttake,justtohaveherkidsrejectit.“I’mnotsurethey’deatit.Theyjustwon’teatit.”Nadeausayssugarandprocessedfoodsarebigcontributorstotherisingdiabetesratesamongchildren.“InAmerica,over50percentofourfoodisprocessedfood,”Nadeautellsher.“Andonly5percentofourfoodisplant-basedfood.Ithinkweshouldtrytoreversethat.”Scottagreestotrymorefruitjuicesforthekidsandtomakerealmacaroniandcheese.Scoreonepointforthedoctor,zerofordiabetes.NadeauispartofasmallrevolutiondevelopingacrossCalifornia.Thefood-as-medicinemovementhasbeenaroundfordecades,butmakingprogressasphysiciansandmedicalinstitutionsmakefoodaformalpartoftreatment,ratherthanrelyingsolelyonmedications(藥物).Byprescribingnutritionalchangesorlaunchingprogramssuchas“ShopwithDoc”,theyaretryingtoprevent,limitorevenreversediseasebychangingwhatpatientseat.“There’snoquestionpeoplecantakethingsalongwaytowardreversingdiabetes,reversinghighbloodpressure,evenpreventingcancerbyfoodchoices,”Nadeausays.Inthebigpicture,saysRichardAfable,CEOandpresidentofSt.JosephHoagHealth,medicalInstitutionsacrossthestatearestartingtomakeaphilosophicalswitchtobecomingahealthorganization,notjustahealthcareorganization.ThatfeelingechoesthebeliefsoftheTherapeuticFoodPantryprogramatZuckerbergSanFranciscoGeneralHospital,whichcompleteditspilotphaseandisabouttoexpandonanongoingbasistofiveclinicsitesthroughouttheTheprogramwillofferpatientsseveralbagsoffoodprescribedfortheircondition,alongwithintensivetraininginhowtocookit.reallywanttolinkfoodandmedicine,andnotjustgiveawayfood,”saysRitaNguyen,themedicaldirectorofHealthyFoodInitiatives.wantpeopletounderstandwhatthey’reeating,howtoprepareit,therolefoodplaysintheirlives.”InSouthernCalifornia,LomaLindaUniversitySchoolofMedicineisofferingspecializedtrainingforitsresidentphysiciansinLifestyleMedicine–thatisaformalspecialtyinusingfoodtotreatdisease.Researchfindingsincreasinglyshowthepoweroffoodtotreatorreversediseases,butthatdoesnotmeanthatdietaloneisalwaysthesolution,orthateveryillnesscanbenefitsubstantiallyfromdietarychanges.Nonetheless,physicianssaythattheylookatthecollectivedataandaclearpictureemerges:thatthesalt,fatandprocessedfoodsintheAmericandietcontributetothehighratesofdiabetesandheartdisease.AccordingtotheHealthOrganization,80percentofdeathsfromheartdiseaseandstrokearecausedbyhighbloodpressure,tobaccouse,elevatedcholesterolandlowconsumptionoffruitsandvegetables.adifferentparadigm(范式)ofhowtotreatdisease,”says.BrendaRea,whohelpsrunthefamilyandpreventivemedicineresidencyprogramatLomaLindaUniversitySchoolofMedicine.Thelifestylemedicinespecialtyisdesignedtotraindoctorsinhowtopreventandtreatdisease,inpart,bychangingpatients’nutritionalhabits.ThemedicalcenterandschoolatLomaLindaalsohasafoodcupboardandkitchenforpatients.Thispatientsnotonlylearnaboutwhichfoodstobutalsohowtopreparethemathome.Manypeopledon’tknowhowtocook,Reasays,andtheyonlyknowhowtoheatthingsup.Thatmeansdependingonpackagedfoodwithhighsaltandsugarcontent.Soteachingpeopleaboutwhichfoodsarehealthyandhowtopreparethem,shesays,canactuallytransformapatient’slife.Andbeyondthat,itmighttransformthehealthandlivesofthatpatient’s“Whatpeopleeatcanbemedicineorpoison,”Reasays.“Asaphysician,nutritionisoneofthemostpowerfulthingsyoucanchangetoreversetheeffectsoflong-termdisease.”Studieshaveexploredevidencethatdietarychangescanslowinflammation(),forexample,ormakethebodyinhospitabletocancercells.Ingeneral,manylifestylemedicinephysiciansrecommendaplant-baseddiet–particularlyforpeoplewithdiabetesorotherinflammatoryconditions.“Aswhathappenedwithtobacco,thiswillrequireaculturalshift,butthatcanhappen,”saysNguyen.“Inthesamewayphysiciansusedtosmoke,andthenstoppedsmokingandwereabletotalktopatientsaboutit,Ithinkphysicianscanhaveabiggervoiceinit.”MorethanhalfofthefoodAmericanseatisfactory-produced.Thereisaspecialprogramthatassignsdoctorstogiveadvicetoshoppersinfoodstores.Thereisgrowingevidencefromresearchthatfoodhelpspatientsrecoverfromvariousillnesses.AhealthybreakfastcanbepreparedquicklyandTrainingapatienttopreparehealthyfoodcanchangetheirlife.Onefood-as-medicineprogramnotonlyprescribesfoodfortreatmentbutteachespatientshowtocookit.Scottisnotkeenoncookingfoodherself,thinkingitwouldsimplybeawasteoftime.Diabetespatientsareadvisedtoeatmoreplant-basedfood.Usingfoodasmedicineisnonovelidea,butthemovementismakingheadwaythesedays.Americans’highratesofvariousillnessesresultfromthewaytheyeat.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Californiahasbeenfacingadroughtformanyyearsnow,withcertainareasevenhavingtopumpfreshwaterhundredsofmilestotheirdistributionsystem.Theproblemisgrowingasthepopulationofthestatecontinuestoexpand.Newresearchhasfounddeepwaterreservesunderthestatewhichcouldhelpsolvetheirdroughtcrisis.Previousdrillingofwellscouldonlyreachdepthsof1,000feet,butduetonewpumpingpractices,waterdeeperthanthiscannowbeextracted(抽取).TheteamatStanfordinvestigatedtheaquifers(地下蓄水層)belowthisdepthandfoundthatreservesmaybetriplewhatwaspreviouslythought.Itisprofitabletodrilltodepthsmorethan1,000feetforoilandgasextraction,butonlyrecentlyinCaliforniahasitbecomeprofitabletopumpwaterfromthisdepth.Theaquifersrangefrom1,000to3,000feetbelowtheground,whichmeansthatpumpingwillbeexpensiveandthereareotherconcerns.Thebiggestconcernofpumpingoutwaterfromthisdeepisthegradualsettlingdownofthelandsurface.Asthewaterispumpedout,thevacantspaceleftiscompactedbytheweightoftheearthabove.Eventhoughpumpingfromthesedepthsisexpensive,itisstillcheaperthandesalinating(脫鹽)theoceanwaterinthelargelycoastalstate.Somedesalinationplantsexistwherefeasible,buttheyarecostlytorunandcanneedconstantrepairs.Wellsaremuchmorereliablesourcesoffreshwater,andCaliforniaishopingthatthesedeepwellsmaybetheanswertotheirseverewatershortage.Oneproblemwiththesesourcesisthatthedeepwateralsohasahigherlevelofsaltthanshalloweraquifers.Thismeansthatsomewellsmayevenneedtoundergodesalinationafterextraction,thusincreasingthecost.Researchfromtheexhaustivestudyofgroundwaterfromover950drillinglogshasjustbeenpublished.Newestimatesofthewaterreservesnowgoupto2,700billioncubicmetersoffreshwater.HowcouldCalifornia’sdroughtcrisisbesolvedaccordingtosomeresearchers?Bybuildingmorereservesofgroundwater.Bydrawingwaterfromthedepthsoftheearth.Bydevelopingmoreadvanceddrillingdevices.Byupgradingitswaterdistributionsystem.Whatcanbeinferredaboutextractingwaterfromdeepaquifers?Itwasdeemedvitaltosolvingthewaterproblem.Itwasnotconsideredworththeexpense.Itmaynotprovidequalityfreshwater.Itisboundtogainsupportfromthelocalpeople.Whatismentionedasaconsequenceofextractingwaterfromdeepunderground?Thesinkingoflandsurface. C)Thedamagetoaquifers.Theharmtotheecosystem. D)Thechangeoftheclimate.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutdeepwells?Theyrunwithoutanyneedforrepairs. C)Theyaretheultimatesolutiontodroughts.Theyareentirelyfreefrompollutants. D)Theyprovideasteadysupplyoffreshwater.Whatmayhappenwhendeepaquifersareusedaswatersources?healthmayimprovewithcleanerwaterbillsmaybeloweredconsiderably.Thecostmaygoupduetodesalination.TheymaybeexhaustedsoonerorPassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.TheAlphaGoprogram’svictoryisanexampleofhowsmartcomputershavebecome.Butcanartificialintelligence(AI)machinesactethically,meaningcantheybehonestandfair?OneexampleofAIisdriverlesscars.TheyarealreadyonCaliforniaroads,soitisnottoosoontoaskwhetherwecanprogramamachinetoactethically.Asdriverlesscarsimprove,theywillsavelives.Theywillmakefewermistakesthanhumandriversdo.Sometimes,however,theywillfaceachoicebetweenlives.Shouldthecarsbeprogrammedtoavoidhittingachildrunningacrosstheroad,evenifthatwillputtheirpassengersatrisk?Whataboutmakingasuddenturntoavoidadog?Whatiftheonlyriskisdamagetothecaritself,nottothepassengers?Perhapstherewillbelessonstolearnfromdriverlesscars,buttheyarenotsuper-intelligentbeings.Teachingethicstoamachineevenmoreintelligentthanwearewillbethebiggerchallenge.AboutthesametimeasAlphatriumph,Microsoft’s‘chatbot’tookabadturn.Thesoftware,namedwasdesignedtoanswermessagesfrompeopleaged18-24.wassupposedtobeabletolearnfromthemessagesshereceived.Shewasdesignedtoslowlyimproveherabilitytohandleconversations,butsomepeoplewereteachingracistideas.WhenshestartedsayingnicethingsaboutMicrosoftturnedheroffanddeletedherugliestmessages.AlphaGo’svictoryandTaylor’sdefeathappenedataboutthesametime.Thisshouldbeawarmingtous.ItisonethingtouseAIwithinagamewithclearrulesandcleargoals.ItissomethingverydifferenttouseAIintherealworld.Theunpredictabilityoftherealworldmaybringtothesurfaceatroublingsoftwareproblem.EricSchmidtisoneofthebossesofGoogle,whichownsAlphaGo.HethinksAIwillbepositiveforhumans.Hesaidpeoplewillbethewinner,whatevertheoutcome.AdvancesinAIwillmakehumanbeingssmarter,moreableand“justbetterhumanbeings”.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowwiththeexampleofAlphaGo’svictory?Computerswillprevailoverhumanbeings.Computershaveunmatchedpotential.Computersarepotentialrivals.Computerscanbecomehighlyintelligent.WhatdoestheauthormeanbyAImachinesactingethically?Theyarecapableofpredictingpossiblerisks.Theyweighthegainsandlossesbeforereachingadecision.Theymakesensibledecisionswhenfacingmoraldilemmas.Theysacrificeeverythingtosavehumanlives.WhatissaidtobethebiggerchallengefacinghumansintheAIage?Howtomakesuper-intelligentAImachinessharehumanfeelings.Howtoensurethatsuper-intelligentAImachinesactHowtopreventAImachinesdoingharmtohumans.Howtoavoidbeingover-dependentonAImachines.WhatdowelearnaboutMicrosoft’s“chatbot”Shecouldnotdistinguishgoodfrombad.Shecouldturnherselfoffwhennecessary.Shewasnotmadetohandlenovelsituations.Shewasgoodatperformingroutinetasks.WhatdoesEricSchmidtthinkofartificialintelligence?Itwillbefarsuperiortohumanbeings.ItwillkeepimprovingastimegoesItwillprovetobeanassettohumanbeings.Itwillbeheretostaywhatevertheoutcome.PartⅣ Translation (30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.應(yīng)用程序（apps）2018年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題（一）PartI Writing (30minutes)【高分范文】TheAdvantagesandDisadvantagesofLivingintheCityLikemanyothercitydwellers,Ioftencomplainabouthavingtocopewiththeproblemsrelatedwithcitylife.Althoughcitylifestillappealstoagroupofpeople,Isometimesfancygettingclosertonatureandappreciatingitsbeautyfullyinthecountry,especiallydeliberatingthechallengesoflivinginabigcity.Ingeneral,citylifeisrelativelyconvenientandcomfortable.Thesupplyofwaterandelectricityiscontinuous.Wheneveronewants,allhehastodoisjustturningonafaucetorpressingabutton.Thereisalsoavarietyofvehiclesfortransportation,frombusesandcarstotrainsandplanes,whichhelppeoplemoveaboutHowever,lifeinthecityisnotalwaysattractiveandpleasant.Sometimesitcouldbeveryfrustrating.MostcitydwellershavehadtheterribleexperienceofgettingstuckinatrafficjamduringtherushPollutioneitherintheairorwaterisnothingThesunisoftenblottedoutbythedustanddirtfloatingintheAscitydwellersliveinaforestofconcretebuildings,theyseelittleofthebeautifulnature.TheyhavetobecontentwiththeflowersandtreesinthefewparksscatteredintheEverypeoplemoveinhurriedsteps,lookingwornandexhausted.Theyarescurryingfromplacetoplaceandstrugglinghardforsurvival.Furthermore,thoselivinginabigcityaremorelikelytobeexposedtofiercevocationalpressure,asagalaxyofcompetentpeopleForafractionofpeoplewhoareawayfromhometownandstriveforsustenanceinbigcities,theymightsufferfromnostalgiafromtimetotime.Tosomeextent,citylifeistrulydivorcedfromnature.Itissometimesveryexhaustingbecauseofitsfast-movingtempo.Butontheotherhand,nothingintheworldisperfect;neitheriscitylife.Viewedpositively,thedrawbacksshouldstillbeoutweighedbyitsattractions.Infact,thedrawbackscanberegardedaschallengestomakelifeinthecitymoreinteresting,moreexcitingandmoremeaningful.Tome,movingawayfromthecitywouldmeanthelossofexcitementandthedynamicnatureofmodernlife.Therefore,Iwouldchoosetocontinuetoliveinthecity.PartⅡ ListeningComprehension (25minutes)SectionA【答案&原文】CAAdevicethatweighslessthanonekilogramispartofamissionthatwillallowscientiststodeliverfourthgenerationor4Gmobilecoveragetothemoonin2019.Ifsuccessful,thetinydevicewillprovidethemoonwithfirstevermobilephonenetwork.Thelunarnetworkwillsupporthigh-definitionstreamingofvideoanddatabetweenthemoonandEarth.ThenetworkispartofMissiontotheMoon.Thisisaprojectwiththegoaloflandingthefirstprivatelypaidformissiontothemoon.The4GmissionissettolaunchfromCapeCanaveralintheUnitedStatesonaspaceXFalcon9rocketin2019.MissiontotheMoonintendstoestablishandtestthefirstelementsofacommunicationsnetworkonthemoon.Thescientistsworkingontheprojectoptedtobuilda4G,ratherthanafifthgenerationor5Gnetwork.Thisisbecausefifthgenerationnetworksarestillintestingandtrialphases.Thismeansthata5Gnetworkmaynotyetbestableenoughtoworkonthesurface.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.Whatarescientistsplanningtodo?Whydidscientistschoosetosetupa4Gnetworkintheirmission?Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.【答案&原文】BBFirefightersrespondedtoafireWednesdaynightatanabandonedmallinHaywood.Thefirewasreportedat9:26pmatanoldshoppingcenteronMissionnearSaintChurch.Sixfireengines,twotrucksandtwochiefsrespondedtothescene.Crewshadthefireundercontrolinabout45minutesandmanagedtocontainthefiretoitspointoforigin.Thereweresomepeopleinsidethebuildingwhenthefirebrokeout,buttherewerenoreportsofanyinjuries.Fireinvestigatorshaverespondedtothescenebuthavenotyetdeterminedthecauseofthefire.Firefighterswillremainonthesceneuntillaterthismorningtoensurethatthefiredoesn’tstartupagain.Theshoppingmallhadnotbeeninusesince2002.In2014,CityHalldevelopedaplantoknockdownthebuildingandreplaceitwithaffordablehousing.However,theplanwasdroppedduetolackoffunds.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.Whatdoesthenewsitemsayaboutthefire?WhathadCityHallplannedtodo?Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.【答案&原文】DCAPotatochipsinJapanarebeingsoldfor6timestheirnormalprice.Thisisafterthecountry’smainmanufacturerstoppedsalesduetoapotatoshortage.Stormsandfloodsandmainpotato-growingregionlastyearcausedtheworstharvestinmorethan3decades.LocalmediareportssuggestCalbeeanditsmainrivalarehaltingalmost50products.don’tknowwhenwe’llbeabletorestart,”acompanyspokesmansaid.Snackloversarepanicbuying,andmanysupermarketshelvesarebare.JapaneselawslimittheamountofimportedpotatoesthatcanbeusedinJapanese-madeproducts.Japansaysfearofdiseaseisitsmainreasontoblockfreshimports.ItstillonlyallowspotatoesfromselectedUSstates.ThisisonlyatcertaintimesandonconditionthattheyareprocessedatfactoriesbasednearJapaneseports.Butglobalwarminghasraisedthepossibilitythatdomesticproducecouldbeseriouslyaffectedbyrareweathereventsmoreoften.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.WhatproblemisJapanfacing?WhydoesJapanlimittheimportofpotatoes?WhatmightaffectJapanesedomesticproduce?SectionBQuestions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.【答案&原文】CDABM:Mr.Brown’slecturesaresoboring.W:Yes,heisnotaveryexcitingspeaker.Butthesubjectisinteresting.M:Duringeveryoneofhislectures,Itrytolisten,Ireallytry.Butafterabout10minutes,mymindbeginstowanderandIloseconcentration.ButIseethatyouseemtobeOK.Howdoyoustayfocusedthroughtheentirehour?W:Well,whatIdoiskeepmypenmoving.M:Whatdoyoumean