統(tǒng)考版高考英語一輪復習必修4Unit11TheMedia課時提能練含解析北師大版

一輪復習精品資料(高中)PAGE1-課時提能練(二十一)必修4Unit11TheMedia(A)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2020·開封市一模)AndrewGreydoesn'tfitmostpeople'sideaofanastronomer.Heworksinacarrepairshop，notinalaboruniversity，yettheAustralianrepairmandiscoveredastarsystemhidingindatafromNASA'sKeplerspacetelescope.Mr.Greyisoneofmillionsofcitizenscientistshelpingresearcherstoexpandcollectiveunderstanding.Forcenturies，onlyafewordinarypeoplehadbeencontributingtoscience，butadvancesintechnologyhavebroughtahigherlevelofdemocratization(民主化)toscience.“Thisisacollaborative(合作的)effortthatanyonecouldgetinvolvedin，”saysChrisLintott，anOxfordUniversityastrophysicist(天體物理學家)andco-founderofZooniverse，aplatformthathostsdozensofcitizenscienceprojects.Citizenscientistscancontributetobreakthroughsinalmostanyfield，fromecologytoastrophysics.“Aslongaspatternrecognitionisinvolved，therearenolimitstowhatcanbecomeacitizenscienceproject，”Lintottsays.“Anyonecanidentifypatternsinimages，graphs，orevenseeminglyboringdataafterashorttutorial.Machinelearningallowscomputerstodosomepatternrecognition.Buthumans，particularlyamateurscientists，don'tstayfocusedonwhatthey'resupposedto.Andthat'sgood，becausepeoplewhodothatnoticetheunusualthingsinadataset.”“Andcitizensciencedoesn'thavetobedirectedbyascientist，”saysSheilaJasanoff，directoroftheProgramonScience，TechnologyandSocietyatHarvardUniversity.“Citizensproducingknowledgeinplaceswhereofficialorganshavefailedthencanalsobecitizenscientists，”shesays.That'swhathappenedinFlint，Michigan，whenalocalmotherstarteddrinkingwaterteststhatcausedabroaderinvestigationofleadlevels.Citizen-poweredresearchisasoldasscientificinquiry.Forcenturiesbeforesciencebecameprofessionalized，regularpeoplelookedforpatternsintheworldaroundthem.Despitealotofadvancedequipmentandcomputermodels，scientistsstillwelcomehelpfromeverydaypeople.Asaprofessionalscientisthimself，Lintottsays，“Peoplethinkthatwe'reintelligent，butscienceiseasyandweneedyourhelp.”〖語篇解讀〗數個世紀以來，只有少數普通人為科學做出了貢獻。但科技的進步已經為科學帶來了更高水平的民主化，科學是任何人都能參與的，每個人都有可能成為科學家。1．Whatmadecitizenscientistsappear?A．Thehighlevelofscienceprojects.B．Thedevelopmentoftechnology.C．Thesupportofthegovernment.D．ThefoundationofZooniverse.B〖細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中的“onlyafewordinarypeople...toscience”可知，科技的進步為科學帶來了更高水平的民主化，從而使更多的普通人也能參與科學研究，促成了公民科學家的出現，故選B?！?．Whatisaadvantageofhumansinpatternrecognitioncomparedwithmachines?A．Humanscanidentifypatternsmoreswiftly.B．Humansfocustheirattentionondata.C．Humanscanobserveuncommonthings.D．Humanshavestrongeremotions.C〖細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段最后一句“Andthat'sgood，becausepeoplewhodothatnoticetheunusualthingsinadataset”可知，在模式識別方面，人類與機器相比，人類的優(yōu)勢在于其能夠注意到一些不尋常的東西，故C項正確?！?．WhatisLintott'sattitudetowardscitizenscience?A．Favorable. B．Cautious.C．Indifferent. D．Doubtful.A〖觀點態(tài)度題。根據第三段Lintott表述的科學人人都能參與，第四段他表述的公民科學家有自身的優(yōu)勢和尾段中他說的話“Peoplethinkthatwe'reintelligent，butscienceiseasyandweneedyourhelp”可推知，Lintott支持公民科學，故選A?！?．Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A．CitizenScientistsCanBeIntelligentB．ScienceIsImportanttoEveryoneC．AnyoneCanBeaScientistD．ScienceIsEverywhereC〖標題歸納題。文章第一段以表述澳大利亞汽車修理工AndrewGrey成為公民科學家來引入話題，接著又講到天體物理學家ChrisLintott和SheilaJasanoff對于公民科學家的看法，并結合倒數第二段中的“scientistsstillwelcomehelpfromeverydaypeople”可知，本文主要肯定了公民科學家，表達了任何人都可能成為科學家的觀點，故C項最適合作文章標題。〗B(2020·廣東省七校聯(lián)合體第二次聯(lián)考)Weliveinanageofinformation.Alltheinformationshouldallowustomakeinformed，data-drivendecisionsallthetime.Butthisdoesnotmeanthatyouactuallyusealltheinformationevenifyouhaveit.Infact，peoplereadilymakesnapjudgementsinavarietyofsituations.Peopleformlastingimpressionsofotherswithinasecondandconsumersmakeshoppingdecisionsbasedonlittleconsideration.Inarecentstudy，weaskedparticipantstoimaginehavingpleasantorunpleasanttalkswithanotherperson.Forcomparison，weaskedanothergroupofparticipantstoconsiderhowmanyofthosetalkstheywouldneedtodeterminesomeone'scharacter.Wefoundthatpeoplebelievedtheywouldneedmanytalkstomakethisjudgement，whileinfactthefirstgroupneededfew.Inanotherstudy，weaskedsomestudentstowriteapplicationsforsomepositions，andthenaskedactualHRpeopletoreadtheirmaterial.Thestudentswrotemuchmorematerialthantherecruiterscaredtoread.Thereareseveralreasonswhypeoplemighthavethewrongimpressionaboutmakingjudgements.Onepossibilityisthebeliefthatthehumanmindprocessesinformationincrementally(遞增地)，consideringthatnewinformationisaddedtooldinformationuntilsomementallevelisreachedformakingadecision.Inreality，however，thefirstfewpiecesofinformationweigh(有影響)muchmoreheavilythanthelaterinformation.Sometimesquickdecisionsareaccurateandcansavetime.However，theymaysometimesleadtomisunderstandings.Imagineasituationinwhichamanagerwithlimitedinformationformsanopinionofanemployeeheisunsureabout.Amanagerwhoseesanemployeemakeasmallmisstep(錯誤)inanunimportantprojectmayavoidofferinghimchallengingprojectsinthefuture，whichinturnwouldaffectthisemployee'scareerdevelopment.Moderntechnologyallowsanydecisionmadetodaytobemoreinformedthanthesamedecisionmadeafewdecadesago.Butthehumanrelianceonquickjudgementsmayavoidthispromise.Intheexplorationformoreinformeddecision-making，researcherswillneedtoexplorewaystoencouragepeopletoslowdownthejudgement.〖語篇解讀〗我們生活在信息時代，我們掌握的信息使我們做出有依據的、數據導向的決定。但有時我們并不依據這些信息做決定，這樣做出的決定有時可能會導致不好的結果。5．What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“snap”inParagraph1?A．Slow. B．Negative.C．Quick. D．Satisfying.C〖詞義猜測題。根據第一段最后一句中的“withinasecond”和“basedonlittleconsideration”可知，“snapjudgments”指的是倉促的判斷，由此可知，畫線詞的含義與quick的含義相近。故選C?！?．ThestudiesinParagraph2suggestthatwhenpeoplemakejudgements，they________.A．areeasilyinfluencedbytheircurrentmoodsB．prefertocommunicatewithpeopletheytrustC．tendtolearnfromtheirpreviousexperiencesD．actuallyuselessinformationthanexpectedD〖細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段第三句可知，最近的這項研究發(fā)現，人們認為他們需要很多次談話才能做出這樣的判斷，而實際上第一組參與者只需要很少的談話；根據第二段最后一句可知，另一項研究表明學生們寫的申請材料比招聘人員盡力看的多得多。由此可知，這兩個研究表明當人們做判斷的時候，他們實際上使用的信息比所期望的要少。故選D?！?．WhatcanweknowaccordingtoParagraph3?A．Goodthinkinghabitshelpimprovementalhealth.B．Earlyinformationcontributesmoretodecision-making.C．Newinformationismoreimportantforknowledgedevelopment.D．Oldandnewinformationwillcombinetocreatecarefuljudgements.B〖細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段最后一句可知，實際上，前幾條信息比后來的信息的影響要大得多。由此可知，在做判斷的時候，早期信息的影響力度更大。故選B?！?．WhatdoestheexampleinParagraph4show?A．Decisionsbasedonlessinformationcanleadtoharmfulresults.B．Wecanmakeprogressbychallengingourselves.C．Excellentemployeesaregoodatanalyzinginformation.D．Goodcommunicationskillsarenecessaryforanablemanager.A〖推理判斷題。根據第四段第一、二句可知，迅速做出的決定有時可能會導致誤解；由下文緊接著舉例來說明這一情況可推知，這個例子表明，基于較少信息做出的決定可能導致有害的結果。故選A?！舰?完形填空(2020·開封市一模)OnaMondaymorning，backin2015，Irememberedparkingmycaroutsidemydoctor'sclinicinBroadwater，WesternAustralia.Ifelt__1__andIcarefullypracticedwhatIwantedtotellmydoctor.Heartbreak，sorrowandthelossofacompletefamilyleftmenotcopingwell.Iwas__2__.Ihadtriedtopickmyselfup，triedtothrowmyselfintomyworkasaneducatorinbefore-andafter-schoolcare，andalsotriedtofocusonmyart.__3__theseefforts，mydepressionhadn'tgoneaway.Itkept__4__likeacancerinmyinnerworld.Iwantedanormal__5__.Iwantedtobeashealthyasmyson，Kai，whowas__6__me.Itookafewdeepbreathsandwentintotheclinicformy__7__.AfterIreturnedtomycar，Ishutthedoorandstarted__8__uncontrollably.MydoctorsaidIhadseveredepression.Ineededtotakeantidepressants(抗抑郁藥)．Ihadtomakesomebig__9__togetbetter.Stillsobbing，Iwas__10__tohearaknockonmycardoor.Aslimladywithshortfairhair__11__openeditandbegantospeakcalmlyandkindlytome.“Idon'tknowwhatyou're__12__rightnow.Butknowthis，Iwishyouwell.Ibelieveyouwillbe__13__andwhatyouaregoingthroughwillpass，”shesaid.“CanIgiveyouahug？”ThereIwas，aweepingmess,__14__acceptingthiskindstranger'scomfortinghug.AllI__15__toreplyinachoked(哽咽的)voicewas“Thankyou”．Thiswasthemostsignificantactof__16__thatI'veeverexperiencedfromastranger.Itgavemehope.My__17__startedrightthere.Aboutayearlater，Ibumpedintothesamekind__18__attheopeningofanartexhibition.She__19__meandsmiled.ShesaidshecouldtellIwasdoingwell.We__20__again，andoncemoreIcouldexpressmyappreciationforheract.〖語篇解讀〗作者遭遇家庭變故后變得異常郁悶，去診所看醫(yī)生時，被醫(yī)生診斷為嚴重抑郁。作者從診所出來后坐在車里哭泣，一位陌生的女士安慰了作者并給了作者一個擁抱，作者從那時開始好轉。一年后，作者再次偶遇那位女士，那位女士也認出了作者并對作者微笑。作者再次和那位女士擁抱并表達了自己的感激之情。1．A.confident B．proudC．nervous D．patientC〖根據空后的“IcarefullypracticedwhatIwantedtotellmydoctor”可推知，作者在面對醫(yī)生之前很緊張?！?．A.ashamed B．astonishedC．depressed D．confusedC〖根據上文中的“Heartbreak，sorrowandthelossofacompletefamilyleftmenotcopingwell”可知，作者在這種情況下應是很沮喪，與下文“mydepressionhadn'tgoneaway”呼應?！?．A.Without B．DespiteC．Beyond D．ThroughB〖根據空后的“mydepressionhadn'tgoneaway”可知，盡管做出了這些努力，但作者的抑郁并沒有消失?！?．A.growing B．survivingC．moving D．wanderingA〖根據本句中的“l(fā)ikeacancer”，并結合下文作者失控大哭可知，此處表示抑郁像癌癥一樣在作者內心繼續(xù)增長。〗5．A.excuse B．lifeC．job D．rewardB〖根據空后的“Iwantedtobeashealthyasmyson...”和語境可知，作者想要一種正常的生活?！?．A.lookingfor B．waitingforC．walkingaround D．dependingonD〖根據上文中的“thelossofacompletefamily”可推知，作者的兒子是依靠作者生活的。〗7．A.school B．neighborhoodC．house D．appointmentD〖根據上文的“Irememberedparkingmycaroutsidemydoctor'sclinic”和語境可知，作者上文是在交代自己去看醫(yī)生之前的心理狀態(tài)和故事背景，此處表示作者深呼吸，然后進入診所赴約?！?．A.coughing B．weepingC．laughing D．shakingB〖根據下文的“Stillsobbing”可知，作者看完醫(yī)生后回到車里開始失控哭泣?！?．A.preparations B．commentsC．changes D．contributionsC〖根據本句中的“togetbetter”和語境可知，作者必須做出一些大的改變才能夠有所改善?！?0．A.surprised B．delightedC．disappointed D．excitedA〖根據語境可知，一位陌生的女士來敲作者的車門，這讓作者感到很意外?！?1．A.quickly B．madlyC．gently D．casuallyC〖結合本句中的“speakcalmlyandkindlytome”可知，那位女士應是輕輕地打開作者的車門。〗12．A.describing B．observingC．determining D．experiencingD〖作為陌生人，那位女士并不了解作者正在經歷的事情，與下文中的“whatyouaregoingthrough”呼應?！?3．A.leftbehind B．lookedafterC．calledon D．turnedoffB〖根據上文的“Iwishyouwell”和上文作者去看醫(yī)生可知，那位女士告訴作者，“我相信你將得到照顧，你正在經歷的終將過去”?！?4．A.calmly B．eagerlyC．unwillingly D．gratefullyD〖根據下文的“Thankyou”可推知，作者心懷感激地接受了這個陌生人給予的令人安慰的擁抱?！?5．A.managed B．decidedC．failed D．attemptedA〖根據語境可知，作者以哽咽的聲音努力回答了一句“謝謝你”?！?6．A.courage B．kindnessC．wisdom D．devotionB〖根據上文一位陌生的女士安慰作者并給了作者一個擁抱可知，此處表示這是作者經歷的來自一個陌生人的最重要的善舉?！?7．A.treatment B．experimentC．recovery D．adventureC〖根據上文的“Itgavemehope”和下文中的“ShesaidshecouldtellIwasdoingwell”可知，此處表示作者從那時開始恢復。〗18．A.lady B．doctorC．educator D．girlA〖根據上文的“Aslimlady”和本句中的“thesame”可推知，作者一年后又偶遇了那位女士?！?9．A.recognized B．forgaveC．understood D．comfortedA〖根據本句中的“andsmiled”和“ShesaidshecouldtellIwasdoingwell”可推知，那位女士也認出了作者?！?0．A.met B．noddedC．acted D．huggedD〖根據本句中的“again”，并與上文的“acceptingthiskindstranger'scomfortinghug”呼應可推知，作者和那位女士再次擁抱?！秸n時提能練(二十二)必修4Unit11TheMedia(B)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2020·安徽省部分重點學校聯(lián)考)GretchenAltmanissmiling，leaningbackcasually，withacupofcoffeeinherhand—HillsBros.Coffee，tobeprecise.Itlookslikeacasualshot，butifyougivealike，leaveacomment，andtagafriend，youcangetthreedifferentcupsofcoffee，forfree.Altmanispartofagrowingtrendof“micro-influencers”．Shehasasmallfollowing—around6,000onInstagram.Hergoingrateis$300to$800topromotesomething.Shedoessomepostsinexchangeforfreegoods，aslongasit'sstuffshebelievesin.Asamicro-influencershehasamuchcloserrelationshipwithherfollowersthanabigsocialmediastar.“I'mjustlivinganormallifeandpeoplerelatetothat，”shesays.“TheyjustfeellikeI'mafriendoftheirs.”Butitworriesconsumerrightsgroups.Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthatyoungaudiencesarelargelyunabletounderstandwhensomethingissponsoredcontent.Insomecases，it'sclear.WhenabigstartakestoadvertisingCoca-Colaonthesocialmedia，forexample，theassumptionisthatheorshe'sprobablygettingpaidtodoso.Andthepostsareclearlylabeledasads，withthecaption“advertisement”or“sponsoredcontent”．Butwhatmayhappenwhenanordinarypersonwithjustacouplethousandfollowerstakestoextolling(頌揚)thevirtuesofaproduct?Themotivationsarenotsoclear.Theproblemwiththesesocialmediapostsisthatyoudon'tknowwhetherit'sanadornot.Altmanisdiligentaboutusingthosehashtags(話題)．Sheloveswhatshedoesandseesitasbusiness，butshedoesn'tnecessarilywanttobeasocialmediacelebrity.“Withsocialmediabeingsointegratedintooureverydaylives，wehavethisuniqueopportunitythatIdon'tthinkanyonehaseverhadbeforewherewecaneachbeourownbrand，”Altmansays.〖語篇解讀〗文章介紹了當前社交媒體上的微影響者的作用以及其所帶來的問題。1．Whatdoesamicro-influencerdoaccordingtothepassage?A．Giveenoughlikes.B．Dopoststopromoteproducts.C．Recommendsomecomments.D．Designadvertisements.B〖細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段最后兩句“Hergoingrateis$300to$800topromotesomething.Shedoessomepostsinexchangeforfreegoods，aslongasit'sstuffshebelievesin”可知，微影響者做的是發(fā)布一些帖子來推銷一些產品。故選B。〗2．Whatmakesconsumerrightsgroupsfeelworried?A．Sponsoredadscontent.B．Adswithcaptiononposts.C．Theunclearmotivationsoftheposts.D．Theincreasinglygrowingnumberofaudiences.C〖推理判斷題。根據文章第四至六段的表述可推知，微影響者發(fā)帖子用來打廣告，但不加任何說明，會導致年輕人不能有效辨別帖子的目的，所以這種意圖不明的帖子會對瀏覽者造成困擾，這是消費者權益群體所擔心的問題。故選C。〗3．HowdoesGretchenAltmanfeelaboutbeingamicro-influencer?A．Annoyed. B．Delighted.C．Ambitious. D．Depressed.B〖推理判斷題。根據第七段“Altmanisdiligentaboutusingthosehashtags(話題)．Sheloveswhatshedoesandseesitasbusiness，butshedoesn'tnecessarilywanttobeasocialmediacelebrity”可知，GretchenAltman喜歡她做的事，而且非常勤奮。由此可推知，她對成為微影響者感到開心。故選B。〗4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A．InstagramAdvertising：DoYouKnowIt，WhenYouSeeIt?B．ToBeaMicro-influencerortoBeaBigStarC．WeCanEachBeOurOwnTopBrandD．HillsBros.Coffee，YourCoffeeA〖標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了微影響者利用Instagram等社交平臺發(fā)一些帖子，以推銷某些產品；但是這種做法到底是在做廣告還是出于其他目的，看帖子的人并不知道，由此引發(fā)了消費者權益群體的擔憂。由此可推知，A項最適合作本文的標題?！紹(2020·江西省五校協(xié)作體上學期考試試題)Lifebeneaththeseasurfacecanbelovelyandlively.Butmanyorganismsthereproducepoisonouschemicalstohunters.Diversarenowcollectingsuchpoisonsasdrugsforhumanmedicine.Sharksaren'tthescariestthingsintheoceanforscientistswhodivetowork.Powerfulcurrents，creatingwheretheoceanfloordropsaway，canbejustasdeadly.Butthescientistswhoworkunderwateraretrainedtodealwiththesedangers.Therewardsofresearchandunderwateradventuresaregreaterthantherisks.Theseamayseemlikeastrangeplacetolookfornewdrugs.Butorganismsintheoceanhavehadtoadapttoatoughenvironment.Thechemicalstheymakeforsurvivalmighthelppeople，too.Morethan50yearsago，scientistsdiscoveredanewanti-cancerdruginaseasponge.Sincethen，researchershavebeenhuntingformoreofsuchusefulnaturalproductsintheseas.Withthehelpofunderwaterrobotsandsmallsubmarines，scientistsaresearchingtheseas—fromshallowreefstotheocean'sgreatdepths.BacterialivingintheArctic'scoldwatersbreakdowntheirfoodusingmoredifferentwaysthanorganismsonlanddo.Thisprocessofturningfoodintoenergyforgrowth，activitiesandreproductioniscalledmetabolism(新陳代謝)．Thesepathwaysalsoproducechemicalscalled“secondarymetabolites”．Onedaytheyalsomighthelppeople.Duringafour-yearprojectcalledPharmaSeas，scientistsmadethousandsofextractsfromthoseseafloorsamples.Inaboutadozenofthem，researchersfoundmixturesthatcankillbacteriathatsomeoftoday'santibiotics(抗生素)cannotkill.Threeothernew-foundchemicalsreduceepilepticseizures(癲癇病發(fā)作)inmice.YetanothercompoundmayreducethesymptomsofAlzheimer'sdisease.〖語篇解讀〗海洋生物釋放的某些有毒化學物能被用作人類藥物的來源，于是科學家潛入海底去尋找這些海洋新藥藥源。5．Whydoseaorganismsproducechemicals?A．Towarnthemselvesinthesea.B．Tobenefitothercreatures.C．Tochangetheirenvironment.D．Tostruggleforsurvival.D〖細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段第二句“Butmanyorganismsthereproducepoisonouschemicalstohunters”以及第三段第三句中的“Thechemicalstheymakeforsurvival”可知，海洋生物產生化學物是為了生存。〗6．InwhatwaydoesArcticbacteriadifferfromorganismsonlandaccordingtothetext?A．Medicinalvalue.B．Thewayofhunting.C．Thewayofbreakingdownfood.D．Importancetohumans.C〖細節(jié)理解題。根據第五段第一句“BacterialivingintheArctic'scoldwatersbreakdowntheirfoodusingmoredifferentwaysthanorganismsonlanddo”可知，北極寒冷水域的細菌和陸地上的微生物分解食物的方式不同?！?．Whatisspecialaboutthemixturesfromseafloorsamples?A．Theyhavethesameeffectsastoday'smedicine.B．Theyhaveuniquefunctions.C．Theycantreatmostdiseases.D．Theycankillallbacteria.B〖推理判斷題。根據最后一段，尤其是第二句“Inaboutadozenofthem...thatsomeoftoday'santibiotics(抗生素)cannotkill”可推知，來自海底樣品的混合物有其獨特的功能?！?．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．DivingforNewMedicinesB．ThreatsfromtheOceanC．FutureSourcesofBacteriaD．DangerofDivingintheSeaA〖標題歸納題。根據第一段最后一句“Diversarenowcollectingsuchpoisonsasdrugsforhumanmedicine”并結合文章其他內容可知，本文主要介紹了科學家潛入海底尋找海洋生物釋放出的能作為藥源的有毒化學物的相關情況，故選A?！舰?閱讀七選五(2020·西安五校聯(lián)考)Anadulthasanaverageof50,000thoughtseveryday.However，mostofthetimegreatideascomewhenyourbrainisinthe“diffusedmode(擴散模式)”，likewhenyou'rebathingintheshower.__1__Thisiswhenourmindsarethemostrelaxedandconnectdifferentneuralpathways(神經通路)tocomeupwithbrandnewideas.Theproblemisthatbecauseourbrainsaresorelaxed，there'snointentiontomarkdownideasthatcomealong.Rememberthecreativeideayoucameupwithintheshower?Ofcourseyoucan'trememberitbecauseyoudidn'ttakethetimetowriteitdown.However，intoday'sraceagainsttime，wejustcan'tspareanextramomenttowritedowntheideasthatconstantlypassthroughourheads.__2__Wethinkthatifthethoughtisthatimportant，we'llrememberitlaterandputitintoaction.Butwedon't.__3___Forthis，youneedtokeeprecordingtoolswithinreach.However，don'tsetoutyournotebookandpendirectlyinfrontofyou，orelseyou'renolongerinthe“diffusedmode”andthoughtsaren'tfreelyflowing.Butyouwantthenotebooktobecloseenough.___4__Nowthatyouhavetheideaswrittendown，youneedtoreinforce(加強)theideastoturnthemintosomethingbigger.__5___Duringthesetimesyoucanremovesomeofthelessusefulideas，organizethem，andstartdevelopingthepotentiallysuccessfulones.A．Don'tbetoofocusedonasingleidea.B．Creativeideascometousduringthisstateofmind.C．Somepeoplemaythinkthatit'sevenawasteoftime.D．Youshouldgooveryourideasaroundthreetimesaweek.E．It'seasytofallintothetrapofimmediatelyorganizingyourthoughts.F．Inthisway，whenthethoughtscometoyou，ittakeslittleefforttowritethemdown.G．Thus，writedownthegreatideanomatterhowconfidentyouareaboutyourmemory.〖語篇解讀〗一個成年人每天平均有50000種想法；而大多數情況下，當大腦處于擴散模式時會產生好點子；本文主要介紹了我們應該如何將我們在大腦的擴散模式下得到的好點子記下來并付諸實施。1．B〖根據空后一句表述的這就是我們大腦最放松且能想到很多全新的主意的時候可知，空處應是與時間和創(chuàng)新想法相關的表述，結合選項可知，B項與此處匹配，故選B?！?．C〖前一句是說人們不能騰出額外的時間來記下這些想法；空后一句是說我們認為如果這個想法如此重要，我們之后就會記得，并付諸實施，但實際上我們并不記得，由此可知C項符合語境?！?．G〖根據上文表述的我們之后并不記得一閃而過的想法可知，不管你對自己的記憶力多有自信，你都應該把那個好想法記下來，故選G?！?．F〖空前一句表述你想讓筆記本離你足夠近，空處應該講的是這樣做的目的和作用，故選F?！?．D〖本句為承上啟下句，根據空后一句中的“Duringthesetimes”可推知，空處應是與times相關的內容，故選D，且D項中的“gooveryourideas”與空前一句中的“reinforce(加強)theideas”相呼應?！舰?語法填空(2020·深圳市普通高中第二次測試)HighontheQinghai-TibetPlateau1.________(lie)China's“watertower”Sanjiangyuan.ItishometotheheadwatersofChina'sthreerivers:theYellowRiver,YangtzeRiver,andLancangRiver.Itisthethreerivers2.________providewaterforabouthalfthepopulationofChina.However,humanactivitiesareputtingthisecosystem3.________risk.Hopefully,though,wecanreverse(徹底轉變)thisdamage.In2016,theChinesegovernmentestablishedSanjiangyuanNationalParkinQinghaiProvince.Thepark,4.________(schedule)toopenin2020,hasincreasedthearea'sgreencoverageandattractedmorewildlife.Thelocalgovernmenthasalsomadegreateffortstoimprovebiologicaldiversity.WithSanjiangyuan5.________(take)thelead,thesuccesswillmarkthestartofa6.________(green)future.AndnineotherregionsinChina〖語篇解讀〗文章主要介紹了我國在改善三江源生態(tài)環(huán)境方面所做的努力。1．lies〖考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。該句描述的是客觀情況，應用一般現在時；該句為全部倒裝句，其主語是“China's‘watertower’Sanjiangyuan”，表示單數概念；所以謂語動詞用lies?！?．that〖考查強調句型。分析句子結構可知，本句是一個強調句，即“Itis＋被強調的部分＋that...”結構，判斷方式是把Itis和that去掉，句子結構依然完整。本句是對句子的主語“thethreerivers”進行強調，所以填that?！?．at〖考查介詞。此處表示人類活動正在使這一生態(tài)系統(tǒng)受到威脅，atrisk“受到威脅”是固定搭配，符合語境，所以填介詞at?！?．scheduled〖考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結構可知，空處與句子的謂語部分hasincreased之間沒有連詞，故此處應是非謂語動詞形式，且此處和句子主語“Thepark”構成邏輯上的動賓關系，故用其過去分詞形式scheduled?！?．taking〖考查with復合結構。分析句子結構可知，此處是with復合結構，在句子中作狀語；空處和名詞“Sanjiangyuan”構成邏輯上的主謂關系，故用現在分詞形式taking?！?．greener〖考查形容詞的比較級。與上文人類活動使生態(tài)系統(tǒng)惡化形成對比，三江源國家公園的建立改善了當地的生態(tài)環(huán)境，將標志著一個更加環(huán)保的未來的開始，含有比較的含義，所以填greener?！?．havebeenchosen〖考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。分析句子結構可知，choose和句子的主語“nineotherregions”構成被動關系，應用被動語態(tài)，又由句中的時間狀語“overthepastthreeyears”可知，應用現在完成時，所以填havebeenchosen。〗8．which〖考查定語從句。分析句子結構可知，空處引導一個非限制性定語從句，在從句中作主語，修飾先行詞“nineotherregions”，所以填which?！?．its〖考查代詞。根據語境可知，此處表示“它的實現”，故應填形容詞性物主代詞its，修飾名詞realization?！?0．importance〖考查詞形轉換?？涨暗膅reat是形容詞，作定語，修飾名詞，所以應填importance。〗Ⅳ.短文改錯(2020·開封市一模)Keepingagoodhabitareveryimportant，butI'malittlelazyandfindthathardtokeepagoodhabit.LastSunday，Iwenttoplayfootballwithsomefriendsastheusual.Itwasalreadyteno'clockwhenIgethome.IwassotiredthatIwentstraighttobedinsteadtakingabathfirst.Thenextmorning，wewenttotakeabathandthenwenttoschool.However，itwasverycoldthatmorningandIdidn'tdrymyhairs.IgotabadcoldandfeltterriblythewholedayandIstartedtoregrethowIhaddone.IfIhadtakenabaththemomentIarrivedhome，Iwouldn'thavegotacold.Yousee，agoodhabitistrueimportant.〖〖答案〗〗Keepingagoodhabiteq\f(are,is)veryimportant，butI'malittlelazyandfindeq\f(that,it)hardtokeepagoodhabit.LastSunday，Iwenttoplayfootballwithsomefriendsaseq\o(the,＼)usual.Itwasalreadyteno'clockwhenIeq\f(get,got)home.IwassotiredthatIwentstraighttobedinsteadeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(of))takingabathfirst.Thenextmorning，eq\f(we,I)wenttotakeabathandthenwenttoschool.However，itwasverycoldthatmorningandIdidn'tdrymyeq\f(hairs,hair).Igotabadcoldandfelteq\f(terribly,terrible)thewholedayandIstartedtoregreteq\f(how,what)Ihaddone.IfIhadtakenabaththemomentIarrivedhome，Iwouldn'thavegotacold.Yousee，agoodhabitiseq\f(true,truly)important.課時提能練(二十一)必修4Unit11TheMedia(A)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2020·開封市一模)AndrewGreydoesn'tfitmostpeople'sideaofanastronomer.Heworksinacarrepairshop，notinalaboruniversity，yettheAustralianrepairmandiscoveredastarsystemhidingindatafromNASA'sKeplerspacetelescope.Mr.Greyisoneofmillionsofcitizenscientistshelpingresearcherstoexpandcollectiveunderstanding.Forcenturies，onlyafewordinarypeoplehadbeencontributingtoscience，butadvancesintechnologyhavebroughtahigherlevelofdemocratization(民主化)toscience.“Thisisacollaborative(合作的)effortthatanyonecouldgetinvolvedin，”saysChrisLintott，anOxfordUniversityastrophysicist(天體物理學家)andco-founderofZooniverse，aplatformthathostsdozensofcitizenscienceprojects.Citizenscientistscancontributetobreakthroughsinalmostanyfield，fromecologytoastrophysics.“Aslongaspatternrecognitionisinvolved，therearenolimitstowhatcanbecomeacitizenscienceproject，”Lintottsays.“Anyonecanidentifypatternsinimages，graphs，orevenseeminglyboringdataafterashorttutorial.Machinelearningallowscomputerstodosomepatternrecognition.Buthumans，particularlyamateurscientists，don'tstayfocusedonwhatthey'resupposedto.Andthat'sgood，becausepeoplewhodothatnoticetheunusualthingsinadataset.”“Andcitizensciencedoesn'thavetobedirectedbyascientist，”saysSheilaJasanoff，directoroftheProgramonScience，TechnologyandSocietyatHarvardUniversity.“Citizensproducingknowledgeinplaceswhereofficialorganshavefailedthencanalsobecitizenscientists，”shesays.That'swhathappenedinFlint，Michigan，whenalocalmotherstarteddrinkingwaterteststhatcausedabroaderinvestigationofleadlevels.Citizen-poweredresearchisasoldasscientificinquiry.Forcenturiesbeforesciencebecameprofessionalized，regularpeoplelookedforpatternsintheworldaroundthem.Despitealotofadvancedequipmentandcomputermodels，scientistsstillwelcomehelpfromeverydaypeople.Asaprofessionalscientisthimself，Lintottsays，“Peoplethinkthatwe'reintelligent，butscienceiseasyandweneedyourhelp.”〖語篇解讀〗數個世紀以來，只有少數普通人為科學做出了貢獻。但科技的進步已經為科學帶來了更高水平的民主化，科學是任何人都能參與的，每個人都有可能成為科學家。1．Whatmadecitizenscientistsappear?A．Thehighlevelofscienceprojects.B．Thedevelopmentoftechnology.C．Thesupportofthegovernment.D．ThefoundationofZooniverse.B〖細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中的“onlyafewordinarypeople...toscience”可知，科技的進步為科學帶來了更高水平的民主化，從而使更多的普通人也能參與科學研究，促成了公民科學家的出現，故選B。〗2．Whatisaadvantageofhumansinpatternrecognitioncomparedwithmachines?A．Humanscanidentifypatternsmoreswiftly.B．Humansfocustheirattentionondata.C．Humanscanobserveuncommonthings.D．Humanshavestrongeremotions.C〖細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段最后一句“Andthat'sgood，becausepeoplewhodothatnoticetheunusualthingsinadataset”可知，在模式識別方面，人類與機器相比，人類的優(yōu)勢在于其能夠注意到一些不尋常的東西，故C項正確?！?．WhatisLintott'sattitudetowardscitizenscience?A．Favorable. B．Cautious.C．Indifferent. D．Doubtful.A〖觀點態(tài)度題。根據第三段Lintott表述的科學人人都能參與，第四段他表述的公民科學家有自身的優(yōu)勢和尾段中他說的話“Peoplethinkthatwe'reintelligent，butscienceiseasyandweneedyourhelp”可推知，Lintott支持公民科學，故選A?！?．Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A．CitizenScientistsCanBeIntelligentB．ScienceIsImportanttoEveryoneC．AnyoneCanBeaScientistD．ScienceIsEverywhereC〖標題歸納題。文章第一段以表述澳大利亞汽車修理工AndrewGrey成為公民科學家來引入話題，接著又講到天體物理學家ChrisLintott和SheilaJasanoff對于公民科學家的看法，并結合倒數第二段中的“scientistsstillwelcomehelpfromeverydaypeople”可知，本文主要肯定了公民科學家，表達了任何人都可能成為科學家的觀點，故C項最適合作文章標題。〗B(2020·廣東省七校聯(lián)合體第二次聯(lián)考)Weliveinanageofinformation.Alltheinformationshouldallowustomakeinformed，data-drivendecisionsallthetime.Butthisdoesnotmeanthatyouactuallyusealltheinformationevenifyouhaveit.Infact，peoplereadilymakesnapjudgement