(核心素養(yǎng)測評)十一必修3Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld含解析

核心素養(yǎng)測評十一必修3Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld(限時35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AThepeopleofReykjavikareusedtolyingdownforthewinter,wheneachdaybringswithitonlyafewhoursofsunlight.Februarycoming,they’remorethanreadytowakeupfromhibernation(冬眠)andwelcomethefirstsignsofspring.Thelocalauthoritiesdecidedthiswasagoodtimeofayeartotrytoraisepeople’sspirits,andin2002theysetuptheWinterLightsFestival.StartingoutasMuseumNight,whenmuseumswaivedtheirfeesandstayedopenuntilmidnight,thefestivalhasgrowntoaneventthatmarksthecomingreturnofdaylight.Forafewdays,thecitycomesalivewithbrightlights,streetperformances,theater,dances,andlivemusic.Shops,cafés,outdoorhotpoolsandthemuseumsstayopenuntil12:00p.m.andthey’reallfreeofcharge,withfreebusservicesprovided.HereareanothertwothingsaboutReykjavikthatwillhelpyoucelebratethecomingendofwinter.TheBlueLagoonisIceland’smostfamoustouristattraction.Beinganamazingplaceatanytimeofday,itismagicalatdusk,whenthesteamy,ice-bluewatersshineincolor.Littlewoodenbridgesandwalkwaysconnectsmallerpoolswithalargerpool,whichcontainsgeothermal(地?zé)岬?seawaterheatedfrom37℃to39℃.TheLavaRestauranthasgreatviewsoverthewaters.Basicentrancetothelagooncosts$44.TheImaginePeace【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。冰島靠近北極圈,冬天日照極短。本文主要介紹了冰島首都Reykjavik的WinterLights節(jié),BlueLagoon和ImaginePeaceTower。1.TheWinterLightsFestivalwassetupto________.

A.attracttourists B.lightthecityupC.cheerpeopleup D.wakepeopleup【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thelocalauthoritiesdecidedthiswasagoodtimeofayeartotrytoraisepeople’sspirits,andin2002theysetuptheWinterLightsFestival”可知,政府設(shè)立冬季燈光節(jié)是為了振奮人們的精神。故選C。2.Theunderlinedword“waived”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans“________”.

A.kept B.gaveup C.raised D.cutoff【解析】選B。詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Shops,cafés,outdoorhotpoolsandthemuseumsstayopenuntil12:00p.m.andthey’reallfreeofcharge,withfreebusservicesprovided”可知,商店、咖啡館等一直營業(yè)到半夜,并且免費(fèi),還提供免費(fèi)的班車。由此可推知,waivedtheirfees指的是不收費(fèi),因此gaveup(放棄)符合題意。故選B。3.AccordingtoParagraph2,whatcanweknow?A.YoucanonlyvisittheBlueLagoonatdusk.B.ThewateroftheBlueLagoonisbeautiful.C.TheLavaRestaurantisIceland’smostfamousrestaurant.D.$44cancoverallthecostswhenyouvisittheBlueLagoon.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“itismagicalatdusk,whenthesteamy,ice-bluewatersshineincolor”可知,BlueLagoon的水非常漂亮,尤其是在傍晚。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Basicentrancetothelagooncosts$44”可知,去景區(qū)游覽的基本費(fèi)用是44美元,而不是所有的費(fèi)用。故D項表述錯誤。A、C項在文中未提及。故選B。4.WhendidJohnLennonpassaway?A.OnOctober9,2007.B.OnMarch20,2013.C.OnDecember8,1980.D.OnNewYear’sEvein1980.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“shoneuntilDecember8,thedatehewaskilledin1980”可知,JohnLennon是在1980年12月8日去世的。故選C?！局R拓展】長難句分析

TheImaginePeaceTower,YokoOno’smemorialtoJohnLennon,wasfirstlitbyOnoonOctober9,2007,Lennon’sbirthday,andshoneuntilDecember8,thedatehewaskilledin1980.

分析:主干是TheImaginePeaceTowerwasfirstlitandshone.YokoOno’smemorialtoJohnLennon是TheImaginePeaceTower的同位語;Lennon’sbirthday是October9,2007的同位語;thedatehewaskilledin1980是December8的同位語。

翻譯:想象和平之塔,小野洋子為亡夫約翰列儂樹立的紀(jì)念塔,于2017年9月9號(列儂生日)第一次被小野洋子點(diǎn)亮,直到12月8號才熄滅——列儂在這一天被殺害。BBritishchemistDavidEvanshasbecomeanovernightcelebrityonChinesesocialmedia.Hischemistryexperimentshaveattractedover2millionfollowersinjustafewmonths.EvansisachemistryprofessorattheBeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology.The60-year-oldalwayswearsawhitelabcoat,apairofsafetygoggles(護(hù)目鏡),andsmilesoften.Somewebuserssayhelooksjustlikethe“grandpaofKFC”.Evanshaspostedvideosofvariousexperiments.Hismostpopularexperimentshaveattractedmillionsofhitsonvideo-sharingapps.Excitedchildren’scheersandshoutscanbeheardinhisvideos.“Ihopemyexperimentscanarousepeople’sinterestinscience.”hesays.EvanshasbeeninterestedinChinasincechildhood.Intheearly1970s,beforethereformandopening-up,hevieweditasa“countryfullofmysteries”.HefirstvisitedtheChinesemainlandin1987toattendachemistryconferenceinNanjing,JiangsuProvince.HequithisjobintheUnitedKingdomandmovedtoBeijingin1996.Manyofhisfriendsthoughthewascrazy.ButEvanssaystheyjustsawSince2011,EvanshasturnedtotheInternettopopularizescience.Helearnedshort-videoappsarealsopopularinsmallcitiesandruralareas.Andherealizedthisenableshimtoreachmorestudents,wholackopportunitiestoperformfunexperiments.Butevenaone-minutevideorequiresaconsiderableamountofwork.Still,hethinksit’sworthittofulfillhisresponsibilitytopopularizescience.Hisexperimentsalwaysfillschools’lecturehallswithlaughter.Someviewerscallhim“aHarryPotter-likemagician”,buthedisagrees.“Amagiciannevertellsthesecretsbehindhistricks,butascientistalwaysgivesanexplanation.”Heseeshimselfasateacher.Heperformsexperimentstospreadknowledge,inspirethinking,removemisunderstandingsandshowthatsciencecancreatechange.Evanssayshelooksforwardtomore“chemicalreactions”withChina.【文章大意】本文主要介紹了一位移居中國,并在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布化學(xué)實驗短視頻的英國化學(xué)家DavidEvans在中國的一些事跡。5.WhoisDavidEvansaccordingtothepassage?A.AmanagerofKFC. B.Afilmcelebrity.C.Achemistryteacher. D.ABritishmagician.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“EvansisachemistryprofessorattheBeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology.”可知埃文斯是北京化工大學(xué)的化學(xué)教授。故選C。6.Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdparagraph?A.EvansconsideredUKtobeacountryfullofmysteries.B.EvansfirstvisitedChinesemainlandinthe1970s.C.EvanswasinnomoodtomovetoBeijing.D.EvansattendedachemistryconferenceinChinain1987.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“HefirstvisitedtheChinesemainlandin1987toattendachemistryconferenceinNanjing,JiangsuProvince.”可知埃文斯第一次訪問中國大陸是在1987年,當(dāng)時他要去江蘇省南京市參加一個化學(xué)會議。故第三段講述了埃文斯1987年來中國去江蘇南京開會的事情,故D選項符合題意。7.WhydidEvansbegintopostvideosofexperimentsontheInternet?A.Topopularizescience.B.Torisetofame.C.Toapplyshort-videoapps.D.Tomakeafortune.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Still,hethinksit’sworthittofulfillhisresponsibilitytopopularizescience.”可知,盡管要付出巨大工作量,埃文斯仍然認(rèn)為履行普及科學(xué)的責(zé)任是值得的。因此可知埃文斯在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布小視頻的原因是為了普及科學(xué),故選A。8.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Evansknowsexactlyhowamagicworks.B.EvanswillcontinuetopostvideosofexperimentsinChina.C.Evans’studentsliketointerrupthisexperimentswithlaughter.D.Evans’friendsadmiredhisdecisiontomovetoChina.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Evanssayshelooksforwardtomore“chemicalreactions”withChina.”可知,埃文斯期待與中國進(jìn)行更多的“化學(xué)反應(yīng)”。因此不管外界反應(yīng)如何,他都將繼續(xù)在中國發(fā)布實驗視頻,故選B?！局R拓展】佳詞積累

1.overnightadv.在夜里;過夜;突然

adj.整晚的;很快的

2.celebrity n.名人;名聲

3.popularize vt.普及;使流行;使通俗化Ⅱ.閱讀填句Thereareseveraldifferenttypesoffiredepartments.Somehirefull-timepaidfirefightersandsomearerunentirelybyvolunteers.1,afirefightermustgothroughstrictphysicalandacademictrainingtoensureastrongknowledgeoffiresafetyandthephysicalstrengthtohandlethetasksrequiredbymemberofafiredepartment.

Joiningafiredepartmentrequiresthatbothphysicalandwrittentestsarepassedwithscoresshowingathoroughknowledgeoffiresafety.2.

Thefirststepinjoiningafiredepartmentasapaidfirefighteristosubmitanapplicationaswellasacquiretheappropriatetraining.Usuallyfirefightersmusthaveahighschooldiploma,andsomecompletetwo-or-four-yearprogramsinfirescienceatcommunitycollegesanduniversities.3,andifacandidatealreadyhasconnectionsatafiredepartment,hemayapplyforapositionstraightoutofhighschool.

Onceacandidateappliesandisacceptedfortrainingatafiredepartment,hemustthencompleteseveralweeksoftrainingatthedepartment’strainingcenter.4.

Whenthisisdone,thecandidateissenttoafirecompanyforaperiodofprobation(實習(xí)).Hehastocontinuetraininginthenewpositionwhilebeingdirectedbyexperiencedfirefighters.5.Anapplicationmustbesubmittedtothevolunteerfiredepartment,theniftheapplicationisaccepted,thecandidatewilltakeatrainingprogramandthenberequiredtopassaphysicalandwrittentest.Firefightersmustalsobecomecertified(認(rèn)證)asEmergencyMedicalTechnicians(EMTs).ThelevelofEMTcertificationisdeterminedbytheindividualdepartments.

A.AlthoughitisdemandingB.WhichevertypeisdesiredC.However,anacademicprogramisnotrequiredD.ForvolunteerfirefighterstheprocedureissimilarE.ButjoiningavolunteerfiredepartmentistotallydifferentF.TrainingconsistsofclassroomworkandpracticaltrainingG.Also,acandidatemustbeabletorespondquicklyinemergencies【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹如何申請成為一名消防員。1.【解析】選B。根據(jù)前句Thereareseveraldifferenttypesoffiredepartments.Somehirefull-timepaidfirefightersandsomearerunentirelybyvolunteers.有些公司雇傭全職的有薪消防員,有些則完全由志愿者管理,和后句可知,無論是哪種類型的消防員,都必須經(jīng)過嚴(yán)格的身體和學(xué)術(shù)訓(xùn)練,以確保對消防安全有較強(qiáng)的知識和體力來處理消防隊成員的任務(wù)。故選B。2.【解析】選G。前句講述了加入消防部門的條件:需要通過身體和書面測試,成績表明對消防安全有全面的了解。接下來講述的仍然是條件:此外,申請者必須能夠在緊急情況下迅速作出反應(yīng)。故選G。3.【解析】選C。根據(jù)前句Usuallyfirefightersmusthaveahighschooldiploma,andsomecompletetwo-or-four-yearprogramsinfirescienceatcommunitycollegesanduniversities.通常消防隊員必須有高中文憑,并在社區(qū)學(xué)院和大學(xué)完成一些兩年制或四年的消防科學(xué)課程,和后句andifacandidatealreadyhasconnectionsatafiredepartment,hemayapplyforapositionstraightoutofhighschool.如果一個申請者已經(jīng)在消防部門有聯(lián)系,他可以直接從高中畢業(yè)申請職位,可知,在這種情況下,專業(yè)教學(xué)計劃就不需要了。故選C。4.【解析】選F。根據(jù)前句Onceacandidateappliesandisacceptedfortrainingatafiredepartment,hemustthencompleteseveralweeksoftrainingatthedepartment’strainingcenter.一旦申請者申請并被消防部門接受培訓(xùn),他必須在消防部門的培訓(xùn)中心完成數(shù)周的培訓(xùn),接下來講述的是培訓(xùn)內(nèi)容即課堂工作和實踐培訓(xùn)。故選F。5.【解析】選D。根據(jù)后句Anapplicationmustbesubmittedtothevolunteerfiredepartment,theniftheapplicationisaccepted,thecandidatewilltakeatrainingprogramandthenberequiredtopassaphysicalandwrittentest.申請必須提交給志愿消防部門,如果申請被接受,候選人將參加一個培訓(xùn)計劃,然后需要通過身體和書面測試。