遼寧省名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月份聯(lián)合考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1遼寧省名校聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月份聯(lián)合考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whoistherightpersonforthejob?A.Daniel.B.Sam.C.Alice.2.Whereistherestaurant?A.BehindtheWaldorfHotel.B.NexttotheMarriott.C.InsidetheHiltonHotel.3.Whatmighthavehappenedtothewoman?A.Shehurtherbigtoe.B.ShemissedanX-ray.C.Shebrokeherbike.4.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Interviewerandinterviewee.C.Tourguideandtourist.5.Howisthemanprobablyfeeling?A.Confident.B.Delighted.C.Annoyed.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Athome.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atagrocerystore.7.Whatkindofmeatwillthewomanuse?A.Fish.B.Pork.C.Beef.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anelectricvehicle.B.Atravelplan.C.Anunforgettableexperience.9.Whatadvantagedoestheshiphave?A.Itcostsless.B.Ittravelsfaster.C.Itisenvironmentallyfriendly.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whydidtheboycryduringthenight?A.Hewasill.B.Hehadascarydream.C.Hewasmovedbyafilm.11.Whatisthebookabout?A.Science.B.Adventure.C.Education.12.Howoldistheboynow?A.10.B.11.C.18.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantotake?A.Food.B.Umbrellas.C.Clothes.14.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Sunny.B.Windy.C.Rainy.15.Whatwillthewomandotoday?A.Collectanorder.B.Pickuptheman’sparents.C.Cleanthespareroom.16.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Takethekidsouttoplay.B.Sendthechildrentoschool.C.Helpthewomanwithhousework.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdidthespeakerfocusonwhenhefirststartedwritingpoems?A.Expressingmeanings.B.Writingdownwords.C.Listeningtoothers’opinions.18.Wheredidthemembersofthepoetrygroupmeet?A.Inabar.B.Inabookshop.C.Inateacher’shouse.19.Whatwasoneofthemostimportantlessonsthespeakerlearned?A.Toreadoutaloud.B.Tobeinnorush.C.Tomakehiswordsrhyme.20.Whenwillthespeakerhaveaparty?A.OnMonday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnFriday.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAtBeaverCreek,TheExtraordinaryAwaitsYouArenotwosnowflakesalike?Thesnowflakesweseeinthewinteraremostlikelycompletelyuniquefromoneother.BeaverCreekisagreatplacetoexperiencethebeautyofthesnow,withprogramsforeveryone—fromchildren,teens,andwomen-onlylessonstosmallgroupsandprivate-guidedexperiences.FirstTrack,fromBeaverCreekReserve,letsyoubethefirstonthemountain,withanadventurethatbeginsat7:30a.m.whenyouaremetbyskiprofessionalsandtakenonaprivate,guidedtour—beforethemountainisopentothepublic.Onceyouhaveskied,youaretreatedtoadeliciousbreakfastatAllie’sCabin.IfyouarelookingforahigherlevelofcomfortthereistheWhiteCarpetClub,fromBeaverCreekReserve.LocatedintheheartofBeaverCreekVillage,itmaximizesyourtimeonthemountainbystreamliningyouraccesstoit.Attheclub,thereareprivatelockersandbootdryers,alongwithpreferredself-parkingandaslope-sideskiwaiter.Areceptionistcanassistwithlifttickets,passpurchases,dinnerreservations,andactivityrecommendations.Ofcourse,thereismoretoexploreduringthewinterinBeaverCreekaswell.Thereisiceskating,snowshoeing,shopping,andspas—younameit,BeaverCreekhasit.Itistheperfectplacetotakeadvantageofthesnowandbeinthemoment,inthemountains,together.Theextraordinaryisararecombinationofone-of-a-kindexperiencesdesignedtobesharedwithservicethatexceedsexpectation.Theextraordinarybringsyouclosertooneanotherandoffersaspecialplacetobelongtogether.BelonginTheExtraordinary.1.FirstTrackcanoffervisitors________.A.anearlyvisit B.aniceskatingshowC.atastylunch D.afreeskiinglesson2.WhatistheWhiteCarpetClubspecialfor?A.Skillfultrainers. B.Quietlivingexperience.C.Thoughtfulservice. D.Goodviewsoverthemountain.3.Thepassageiswrittento________.A.attractvisitors B.comparedifferentprogramsC.appealforsports D.introducetrainingcourses〖答案〗1.A2.C3.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了BeaverCreek是體驗(yàn)雪景之美的好地方，有許多活動(dòng)讓你享受非凡的體驗(yàn)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段FirstTrack,fromBeaverCreekReserve,letsyoubethefirstonthemountain,withanadventurethatbeginsat7:30a.m.whenyouaremetbyskiprofessionalsandtakenonaprivate,guidedtour—beforethemountainisopentothepublic.可知，F(xiàn)irstTrack讓你成為第一個(gè)登上山頂?shù)娜?，早?:30開(kāi)始一場(chǎng)冒險(xiǎn)，在這座山對(duì)公眾開(kāi)放之前，你會(huì)遇到滑雪專業(yè)人士，并進(jìn)行一次私人的、有導(dǎo)游的旅行。所以FirstTrack可以讓游客提前參觀。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Attheclub,thereareprivatelockersandbootdryers,alongwithpreferredself-parkingandaslope-sideskiwaiter.Areceptionistcanassistwithlifttickets,passpurchases,dinnerreservations,andactivityrecommendations.可知，在俱樂(lè)部里，有私人儲(chǔ)物柜和干靴機(jī)，還有首選的自助停車場(chǎng)和坡面滑雪服務(wù)員。接待員可以協(xié)助購(gòu)買電梯票、通行證、晚餐預(yù)訂和活動(dòng)建議。所以WhiteCarpetClub的服務(wù)特備周到。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的標(biāo)題AtBeaverCreek，TheExtraordinaryAwaitsYou可以看出，這是一個(gè)吸引游客的景點(diǎn)，文章主要介紹了BeaverCreek的幾個(gè)旅游項(xiàng)目，目的是吸引游客去體驗(yàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。BGraceHemingwaygiftedherson,Earnest,acopyofHenryWadsworthLongfellow’sepicpoemHiawathaonhissixthbirthday.Whileit’shardtosayhowmuchherchoiceofgiftinfluencedEarnestHemingwayatthetime,hegrewuptobecomeoneofthemostfamouswritersinhistory.Bookscanmakeforcharminggifts.Givingabookasagifttosomeoneismuchmorethanasimpleexchangeofgoods.Whengivingbooks,thinkaboutyourrecipients’(接受者)favorite.Itisworththetimetotryandfindararecopy,likefirsteditionsorsignedcopies.They’llbedelightedbytheeffort.Areyourfriendsstuckinadullnessandinneedofsomemotivation?Youcangiftthemabookthatoffersinspiration.Also,notmainstreamyetusefulguidesrelatedtotheircareerarehelpful.Abookwhenreceivedasagifthasmeaningtotherecipientbyitselfifyou’veputsomethoughtintoit.Aninscription(題詞)addstotheappealofyourgiftbymakingitmoreindividualized.Withoutaninscription,althoughstillmeaningful,thebookisjustabookindistinguishablefromhundredsofthousandsofcopiesoutthere.Acasefornotpenningdownaninscriptionisthatitmakesiteasierforthemtopassitontosomeoneelseiftheydon’tlikethebook.Wonderingifyoushouldgiveyourrecipientahardcoverorapaperback?Thereisnouniversalpreferenceamongreaders.Somelikethepaperbacksbecauseoftheconvenience,easytocarryaroundandtravelwith.Butmanypeople,includingme,preferhardcoversbecausethey’remoretraditionalandlastmuchlonger.Astudydesignedtofindarelationbetweentheweightofwinebottlesandtheirpricesfoundthatinmostcasestheweightofawinebottlerelatedpositivelywiththeprice.Theweighthelpedconsumersperceivethewineasbetter.Inaword,bookscanmakeformemorablegifts.Agoodbookgiftedthoughtfullywillcreateapleasantmemory.4.WhyisEarnestHemingwaymentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Toshareabook. B.Topresentafact.C.Tointroducethetopic. D.Tomakeacomparison.5.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Whothegiftshouldbegiven. B.Howabookshouldbepresented.C.Whereaproperbookcanbefound. D.Whatkindsofbookscanbechosenasgifts.6.Whyisaninscriptionadvisedtobeincludedinagiftedbook?A.Tomakethebookmorepersonal.B.Torecordthegiver’sreadingexperience.C.Tomakethecontentofthebookmoreappealing.D.Toallowthebooktobemorepleasingtotheeye.7.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveywhenitcomestothestudyaboutwinebottles?A.Goodwineisallinheavierbottles.B.Theweightofabookdeterminesitsprice.C.Ahardcoverbookisoftenvaluedmoreasagift.D.Thepriceofwinedependsonthequalityofitsbottle.〖答案〗4.C5.D6.A7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。作者通過(guò)論述書(shū)籍作為禮物的價(jià)值和意義，提出了自己的觀點(diǎn)，即書(shū)籍可以成為有意義的禮物?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“GraceHemingwaygiftedherson,Earnest,acopyofHenryWadsworthLongfellow’sepicpoemHiawathaonhissixthbirthday.Whileit’shardtosayhowmuchherchoiceofgiftinfluencedEarnestHemingwayatthetime,hegrewuptobecomeoneofthemostfamouswritersinhistory.(格蕾絲·海明威在兒子歐內(nèi)斯特6歲生日時(shí)送給他一本亨利·沃茲沃斯·朗費(fèi)羅的史詩(shī)《海華沙》。雖然很難說(shuō)她對(duì)禮物的選擇對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)的歐內(nèi)斯特·海明威有多大影響，但他長(zhǎng)大后成為了歷史上最著名的作家之一)”可知，本段提到EarnestHemingway是為了引出書(shū)籍作為禮物的主題。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Whengivingbooks,thinkaboutyourrecipients’(接受者)favorite.Itisworththetimetotryandfindararecopy,likefirsteditionsorsignedcopies.They’llbedelightedbytheeffort.Areyourfriendsstuckinadullnessandinneedofsomemotivation?Youcangiftthemabookthatoffersinspiration.Also,notmainstreamyetusefulguidesrelatedtotheircareerarehelpful.(送書(shū)的時(shí)候，想想接受者最喜歡的。值得花時(shí)間去尋找一本稀有的書(shū)，比如初版或簽名本。他們會(huì)為你的努力感到高興。你的朋友是否陷入了沉悶，需要一些動(dòng)力?你可以送給他們一本鼓舞人心的書(shū)。此外，與他們的職業(yè)相關(guān)的非主流但有用的指南也很有幫助)”可知，本段主要介紹了選擇哪些種類的書(shū)可以作為禮物送給別人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Abookwhenreceivedasagifthasmeaningtotherecipientbyitselfifyou’veputsomethoughtintoit.Aninscription(題詞)addstotheappealofyourgiftbymakingitmoreindividualized.(一本書(shū)作為禮物收到時(shí)，如果你花點(diǎn)心思，它本身就對(duì)接受者有意義。題詞使你的禮物更加個(gè)性化，從而增加了它的吸引力)”可知，題詞可以讓你的禮物更加個(gè)性化，增加禮物的吸引力。因此，建議在送書(shū)作為禮物時(shí)加入題詞是為了讓這本書(shū)更加個(gè)性化，更能夠表達(dá)送禮人的心意和情感。故選A項(xiàng)。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Wonderingifyoushouldgiveyourrecipientahardcoverorapaperback?Thereisnouniversalpreferenceamongreaders.Somelikethepaperbacksbecauseoftheconvenience,easytocarryaroundandtravelwith.Butmanypeople,includingme,preferhardcoversbecausethey’remoretraditionalandlastmuchlonger.Astudydesignedtofindarelationbetweentheweightofwinebottlesandtheirpricesfoundthatinmostcasestheweightofawinebottlerelatedpositivelywiththeprice.Theweighthelpedconsumersperceivethewineasbetter.(想知道你應(yīng)該給收信人一本精裝書(shū)還是平裝書(shū)?讀者之間沒(méi)有普遍的偏好。有些人喜歡平裝書(shū)，因?yàn)樗奖?，便于攜帶和旅行。但很多人，包括我，更喜歡精裝書(shū)，因?yàn)樗鼈兏鼈鹘y(tǒng)，更耐用。一項(xiàng)旨在尋找酒瓶重量與價(jià)格之間關(guān)系的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在大多數(shù)情況下，酒瓶重量與價(jià)格呈正相關(guān)。重量有助于消費(fèi)者認(rèn)為葡萄酒更好)”作者提到一項(xiàng)關(guān)于酒瓶重量與價(jià)格之間關(guān)系的研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)酒瓶越重價(jià)格越高，這說(shuō)明重量與質(zhì)量、價(jià)值有關(guān)聯(lián)。類比到書(shū)本，精裝書(shū)比平裝書(shū)更重，因此作為禮物時(shí)更受珍視。因此，作者想要傳達(dá)的是精裝書(shū)作為禮物更有價(jià)值。故選C項(xiàng)。COnTuesday,VirginAtlanticflewalargepassengerjetfromLondontoNewYorkusing100%“SustainableAviation（航空）Fuel（SAF）”.Theflightwasmeanttoshowthatit’spossibletoflyusingcleanerfuels.Thefuelusedontheflightwasmainlymadefromusedcookingoilsandanimalfats.Asmallpartofthefuelwasmadefromcornwaste.VirginAtlanticsaysthatusingSAFcutstheflight’spollutionby70%.SAFstillpolluteswhenit’sburned,justlikeregularjetfuel.However,thedifferenceisinhowthefuelsaremade.SAFismadefromplants（andrelatedanimalproducts）thatonceabsorbedcarbondioxide（CO2）fromtheair.WhenSAFburns,itjustreleasesthissameCO2again.That’sdifferentfromjetfuel,whichismadefromoilexploitedfromunderground,releasingCO2thatwasdeeplyburied.SAFmaysoundgreat,butitstillhasmanyproblems.Foronething,SAFcostsfivetimesasmuchasregularjetfuel.Thathelpsexplainwhyonlyone-tenthof1%ofthefuelairlinescurrentlyuseisSAF.VirginAtlanticishopingthatitsflightwillencouragemorecompaniestoproduceSAFandthatthiswillbringthepricedown.ButevenifthepriceofSAFdrops,criticssaytherearestillbigproblemswithit.Theysayit’seasytomakesmallamountsofSAFoutofplantwaste.ButtomakeasmuchSAFastheairlinesreallyneedwouldrequirefarmerstogrowplantsforfuelinsteadofforeating.Thiscouldalsoleadtomoreforestsbeingcutdownforfarmland.AirlineslikeSAFbecauseitcanbeusednowinexistingplaneswithnochanges.Theyhopeitwillhelpquicklyreduceairplanepollutionuntilnon-pollutingfuelsaredeveloped.GovernmentsseemtoagreethatSAFisastepintherightdirection.BoththeUnitedStatesandtheEuropeanUnionhavesettargetsthatwillsharplyincreasetheuseofSAFincomingyears.8.WhatmakesSAFsuperiortoregularjetfuels?A.Itsproductionmethod. B.Beingpollution-free.C.Itsstoragetechnology. D.Beingeasytoburn.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exploited”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Destroyed. B.Replaced. C.Drawn. D.Checked.10.WhyareonlyafewfuelairlinesusingSAF?A.SAFisheavy. B.SAFisexpensive.C.SAFneedsnewequipment. D.SAFmaycausesafetyissues.11.Whatisgovernments’probableattitudetowardsusingSAF?A.Unclear. B.Negative. C.Doubtful. D.Approving.〖答案〗8.A9.C10.B11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。短文介紹了可持續(xù)航空燃料（SAF）的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“However,thedifferenceisinhowthefuelsaremade.”（然而，不同之處在于燃料是如何制造的。）和第三段“SAFismadefromplants（andrelatedanimalproducts）thatonceabsorbedcarbondioxide（CO2）fromtheair.”（SAF是由植物(以及相關(guān)的動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品)制成的，它們?cè)?jīng)從空氣中吸收二氧化碳(CO2)。）可知，制作方法讓SAF優(yōu)于普通的噴氣機(jī)燃料。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“That’sdifferentfromjetfuel,whichismadefromoilexploitedfromunderground,releasingCO2thatwasdeeplyburied.”（這與噴氣燃料不同，噴氣燃料是由地下exploited的石油制成的，釋放出深埋在地下的二氧化碳。）可知，噴氣燃料是由地下開(kāi)采的石油制成的。故劃線詞的意思是與drawn“抽出”接近。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Foronething,SAFcostsfivetimesasmuchasregularjetfuel.”（首先，SAF的價(jià)格是普通噴氣燃料的五倍。）可知，SAF價(jià)格昂貴。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“GovernmentsseemtoagreethatSAFisastepintherightdirection.”（各國(guó)政府似乎都同意SAF是朝著正確方向邁出的一步。）可知，政府對(duì)SAF是支持的。故選D項(xiàng)。DHaveyoueverwonderedwhyyoumightbealittletallerthanyourfriendsorfamily?Well,scientistsbelievethemysteryofwhyhumansaregrowingtallerandreachingpuberty(青春期)earlierisduetosomethinginthebrain.Wealreadyknowthatbetternutritionleadstogreaterheightashumanshavebeengrowingtalleronthewholeinrecentcenturies.Betternutritionalsocausespeopletoreachmaturityfaster.Genes(基因)alsoplayaroleinhowtallwebecomeandweallgrowandlookaccordingtothecodesinourDNA.Alackofnutritionmakesitharderforustoreachthefullpotentialofourowngenes.AccordingtotheUniversityofMaryland,ourbodyrequiresacertainamountofenergytomakeusgrow.Butanewstudysuggeststhatabrainreceptor(感受器)couldberesponsibleforourgrowth.ThestudyshowedthatthebrainreceptorMC3Risresponsibleforsignalsfromfoodreachingapartofthebraincalledthehypothalamus(下丘腦).Thehypothalamusisresponsibleforkeepingthingsinchecklikebodytemperatureandadjustingappetiteandweight.MC3R’snotworkingproperlytendstomeanthatpeopleareshorterandstartpubertymuchlater.ProfessorSirStephenO’Rahilly,oneoftheauthorsofthestudy,said,“Ittellsthebodywe’regreathereandthatwe’vegotlotsoffood,sogrowquicklyandhavepubertysoon.”Thereisalotaboutthebrainwestilldon’tknow.Butthisresearchcouldleadtofurtherdevelopmentofdrugsforchildrenwithdelayedgrowthandpubertystartingmuchlater.Moreunderstandingofthereceptorwon’tmeanthatwecanmakeourselvestaller.Thatallstilldependsongenes,butitcouldhelppeoplewithlong-lastingillnesses,whoneedtobuildupmuscle.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.Genesleadtofastermaturity. B.Nutritiondeterminesaperson’sheight.C.Impropernutritionchangesone’sgenes. D.Betternutritionisimportanttogrowingtaller.13.HowdoesMC3Rworktogetyoutalleraccordingtothenewstudy?A.Bytakinginalargeamountofnutritionitself.B.Byhavinguscheckbodytemperaturesregularly.C.Byhelpinguscontrolourappetitetoloseweight.D.Bysendingsignalstoinspireustohavemorenutrition.14.Whatwillthenewfindingmostprobablycontributeto?A.Findingwaystoputoffkid’spuberty.B.Treatingpatientswithlong-lastingillness.C.Developingmedicineforkidswithdelayedgrowth.D.Findingscientificexercisetogetourmusclestronger.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhyAreSomePeopleShorter?GenesAretoBlameB.WhyAreSomePeopleShorter?NutritionIstoBlameC.WhyAreSomePeopleTaller?TheKeyIsinOurBrainsD.WhyAreSomePeopleTaller?TheKeyIsinOurAppetite〖答案〗12.D13.D14.C15.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了有些人比別人高的奧秘——關(guān)鍵在大腦?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Wealreadyknowthatbetternutritionleadstogreaterheightashumanshavebeengrowingtalleronthewholeinrecentcenturies.(我們已經(jīng)知道，更好的營(yíng)養(yǎng)導(dǎo)致更高的身高，因?yàn)榻鼛讉€(gè)世紀(jì)來(lái)，人類的整體身高一直在增長(zhǎng))”可知，更好的營(yíng)養(yǎng)導(dǎo)致更高的身高。故選D。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ThestudyshowedthatthebrainreceptorMC3Risresponsibleforsignalsfromfoodreachingapartofthebraincalledthehypothalamus(下丘腦).(但一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，大腦感受器可能負(fù)責(zé)我們的生長(zhǎng)。研究表明，大腦感受器MC3R負(fù)責(zé)食物信號(hào)到達(dá)大腦的下丘腦)”以及第四段“ProfessorSirStephenO’Rahilly,oneoftheauthorsofthestudy,said,“Ittellsthebodywe’regreathereandthatwe’vegotlotsoffood,sogrowquicklyandhavepubertysoon.”(StephenO’Rahilly教授是這項(xiàng)研究的作者之一，他說(shuō):“它告訴身體我們?cè)谶@里很好，我們有很多食物，所以快快成長(zhǎng)，快快進(jìn)入青春期?！?”可知，MC3R是通過(guò)發(fā)出信號(hào)到達(dá)大腦的下丘腦，激勵(lì)我們攝入更多營(yíng)養(yǎng)讓我們更高的。故選D。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butthisresearchcouldleadtofurtherdevelopmentofdrugsforchildrenwithdelayedgrowthandpubertystartingmuchlater.(但這項(xiàng)研究可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致針對(duì)發(fā)育遲緩和青春期開(kāi)始較晚的兒童的藥物的進(jìn)一步開(kāi)發(fā))”可知，新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)可能會(huì)為發(fā)育遲緩的兒童開(kāi)發(fā)藥物提供幫助。故選C?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Haveyoueverwonderedwhyyoumightbealittletallerthanyourfriendsorfamily?Well,scientistsbelievethemysteryofwhyhumansaregrowingtallerandreachingpuberty(青春期)earlierisduetosomethinginthebrain.(你有沒(méi)有想過(guò)為什么你可能比你的朋友或家人高一點(diǎn)？科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為，人類長(zhǎng)高并提前進(jìn)入青春期的奧秘在于大腦中的某種東西)”可知，本文主要介紹有些人比別人高的奧秘——關(guān)鍵在大腦。C選項(xiàng)“為什么有些人更高？關(guān)鍵在于我們的大腦”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Sportsoffersomanygreatbenefitsnotonlytoourphysicalhealthbuttoourmentalhealth.___16___.Soallowmetohelpyoucounttheways:·Playingsportsimprovesourmood.Anyformofphysicalactivityexcitesthereleaseofchemicalscalledendorphins(腦內(nèi)啡),whichmakeyoufeelhappierandmorerelaxedaswell.Thisexplainswhyyoufeelsogreatafterplayingapick-upgameofbasketballorthrowingafootball.Itdoesn’thavetobeanintensesession.___17___.·Playingsportsgivesusapromotionofconfidence.___18___,whichcanbeextremelyrewarding.Thesegoalsmightbetowinthegame,toscoreagoal,toperformyourbest,ortosimplyhavefun.Whateverthecase,settingtheseteamorindividualgoalscanprovideheightenedfeelingsofself-worthandconfidence.·___19___.Exercisingregularlycanimproveskillslikecriticalthinking,learning,andconcentrationabilities.Andontopofthat,engaginginphysicalactivitysuchasplayingsportsorcyclingmayhelppreventdevelopmentofcertaincognitivedisorders(認(rèn)知障礙).Sopickupabat,aball,oragloveandgetoutthere!·Playingsportsprovidesmeansforsocialization.Playingteamsportsprovidestheperfectopportunityforsocialinteraction.Itallowsyoutospendtimeandbondwitholdfriends,aswellasmeetnewones!___20___,whetherthatshouldbevolleyball,football,hockey,gymnastics,oranyothers.You’llharvestmanyhealthbenefitsandhavefundoingit.A.PlayingsportskeepsyouenergizedB.PlayingsportsimprovesourmentalskillsC.ThesementalhealthbenefitsmaybelessobviousD.PhysicalactivityiscertainlyagoodwaytomanagestressE.Sportsareaboutsetting,workingtowards,andaccomplishinggoalsF.Sodon’twaitasecondlongertotackleyourfavoritesportortryanewoneG.It’sjustaboutgettingonyourfeet,increasingyourheartrate,andhavingfunatthesametime〖答案〗16.C17.G18.E19.B20.F【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要列舉了體育運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)心理健康的好處?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Sportsoffersomanygreatbenefitsnotonlytoourphysicalhealthbuttoourmentalhealth.(運(yùn)動(dòng)不僅對(duì)我們的身體健康有好處，而且對(duì)我們的心理健康也有好處)”以及后文“Soallowmetohelpyoucounttheways(所以請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我?guī)湍銛?shù)一數(shù))”可知，后文提到了數(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)心理健康的好處，可知本句說(shuō)明原因，C選項(xiàng)中Thesementalhealth對(duì)應(yīng)上文mentalhealth。故C選項(xiàng)“這些心理健康益處可能不那么明顯”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Anyformofphysicalactivityexcitesthereleaseofchemicalscalledendorphins(腦內(nèi)啡),whichmakeyoufeelhappierandmorerelaxedaswell.Thisexplainswhyyoufeelsogreatafterplayingapick-upgameofbasketballorthrowingafootball.Itdoesn’thavetobeanintensesession.(任何形式的體育活動(dòng)都會(huì)刺激一種叫做內(nèi)啡肽的化學(xué)物質(zhì)的釋放，這種物質(zhì)會(huì)讓你感到更快樂(lè)、更放松。這就解釋了為什么你在打籃球或扔足球后感覺(jué)如此棒。它不需要是一個(gè)激烈的部分)”可知，上文提到體育活動(dòng)部需要太激烈，本句為本段最后一句，故承接上文，說(shuō)明體育活動(dòng)很簡(jiǎn)單也可以讓你感覺(jué)良好。故G選項(xiàng)“這只是站起來(lái)，增加你的心率，同時(shí)享受樂(lè)趣”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)后文“whichcanbeextremelyrewarding.Thesegoalsmightbetowinthegame,toscoreagoal,toperformyourbest,ortosimplyhavefun.Whateverthecase,settingtheseteamorindividualgoalscanprovideheightenedfeelingsofself-worthandconfidence.(這是非常值得的。這些目標(biāo)可能是為了贏得比賽，進(jìn)球，表現(xiàn)得最好，或者只是為了好玩。不管是哪種情況，設(shè)定這些團(tuán)隊(duì)或個(gè)人目標(biāo)都能提高自我價(jià)值感和自信心)”可知，本句主要說(shuō)明了運(yùn)動(dòng)因?yàn)橥瓿赡繕?biāo)，所以對(duì)心理健康有好處，E選項(xiàng)中g(shù)oals對(duì)應(yīng)后文goals。故E選項(xiàng)“運(yùn)動(dòng)是關(guān)于設(shè)定、朝著目標(biāo)努力和完成目標(biāo)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Exercisingregularlycanimproveskillslikecriticalthinking,learning,andconcentrationabilities.Andontopofthat,engaginginphysicalactivitysuchasplayingsportsorcyclingmayhelppreventdevelopmentofcertaincognitivedisorders(認(rèn)知障礙).Sopickupabat,aball,oragloveandgetoutthere!(經(jīng)常鍛煉可以提高批判性思維、學(xué)習(xí)能力和集中注意力的能力。最重要的是，參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)或騎自行車等體育活動(dòng)可能有助于預(yù)防某些認(rèn)知障礙的發(fā)展。所以拿起球棒，球，或者手套，出去吧！)”可知，本段的主旨是運(yùn)動(dòng)可以有助于預(yù)防某些認(rèn)知障礙的發(fā)展，提高批判性思維、學(xué)習(xí)能力和集中注意力的能力，即對(duì)我們的智力有好處。故B選項(xiàng)“運(yùn)動(dòng)可以提高我們的智力”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Playingteamsportsprovidestheperfectopportunityforsocialinteraction.Itallowsyoutospendtimeandbondwitholdfriends,aswellasmeetnewones!(團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)為社會(huì)互動(dòng)提供了絕佳的機(jī)會(huì)。它可以讓你花時(shí)間和老朋友聯(lián)系，也可以結(jié)識(shí)新朋友！)”以及后文“whetherthatshouldbevolleyball,football,hockey,gymnastics,oranyothers(無(wú)論是排球、足球、曲棍球、體操還是其他任何運(yùn)動(dòng))”可知，后文主要列舉了任意參加的運(yùn)動(dòng)，說(shuō)明本句是在建議立刻去嘗試這些運(yùn)動(dòng)。故F選項(xiàng)“所以不要再等一秒鐘去從事你最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)或嘗試一項(xiàng)新的運(yùn)動(dòng)”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IwasshockedtoseemybabyDaniwithacleft(唇裂)athisbirth.Afterthedelivery,Iwasn’t___21___toseemybaby.AllIcoulddowastoaskforinformationaboutDani.Danihadhissurgeryontheseventhday!Itwasaterribleexperience.Iburiedmyselfingreat___22___.Things___23___whenImetDr.Anastassov,whobroughtSmileTrain—sponsoredcleftcaretoBulgaria.Dr.Anastassovwasmy___24___fromthemomentwemet.HehelpedmebuildtheconfidenceinDani’s___25___.Atsix,Danifinishedhisspeechtherapy(矯治)andcouldspeakas___26___aseveryoneelse.Daniwantedtobea___27___.Whenhebeganhisformaltraining,themedicalexamwasvery___28___forhim.Theyknewhewasdifferent,eveniftheycouldn’timmediatelytellhow.Sotheyworkedhimharderthantheothers.ButDanishowedgreat___29___andpassed.Heisnow____30____hisdreamasapilot!BeingDani’smotherisa(n)____31____.Hehasbeensosuccessfulbecausewe____32____himtounderstandthatpeoplewithcleftsshouldnotbe____33____,becausetheycandoanything.NowI____34____SmileTraintohelpthoselikemyson.I____35____myexperiencewiththem.I’mhappytoworkhereandmakechangeforthebettereveryday.21.A.persuaded B.invited C.allowed D.forced22.A.relief B.pain C.security D.loneliness23.A.changed B.continued C.worsened D.mattered24.A.challenge B.choice C.evidence D.inspiration25.A.attitude B.gift C.recovery D.virtue26.A.loudly B.firmly C.clearly D.gently27.A.pilot B.trainer C.doctor D.spaceman28.A.valuable B.difficult C.interesting D.practical29.A.excitement B.difference C.contribution D.strength30.A.living B.spreading C.breaking D.discovering31.A.chance B.fact C.mission D.honor32.A.promised B.raised C.ordered D.begged33.A.pitied B.supported C.compared D.controlled34.A.setup B.workwith C.turnto D.careabout35.A.replace B.draft C.confirm D.share〖答案〗21.C22.B23.A24.D25.C26.C27.A28.B29.D30.A31.D32.B33.A34.B35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者有一個(gè)唇腭裂的孩子，經(jīng)醫(yī)生Anastassov的介紹，在SmileTrain的幫助下，作者的孩子得到了治療和康復(fù)。不僅如此，作者的孩子還實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己作飛行員的夢(mèng)想。這些使作者得到了極大的鼓勵(lì)，并將自己和孩子的經(jīng)歷分享給更多的人?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：分娩后，我不被允許去看我的孩子。A.persuaded勸服；B.invited邀請(qǐng)；C.allowed允許；D.forced強(qiáng)迫，迫使。根據(jù)后文“AllIcoulddowastoaskforinformationaboutDani.(我所能做的就是詢問(wèn)關(guān)于Dani的信息。)”可知，作者在孩子出生后，通過(guò)別人了解孩子的信息，由此推知，她不被允許看望自己的孩子。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我沉浸在巨大的痛苦中。A.relief寬慰；B.pain痛苦；C.security安全；D.loneliness孤獨(dú)。根據(jù)前文“Danihadhissurgeryontheseventhday!Itwasaterribleexperience.(Dani在第7天做了手術(shù)!這是一次可怕的經(jīng)歷。)”可知，孩子做手術(shù)是在出生7天后，這樣可怕的經(jīng)歷會(huì)讓一個(gè)母親感到十分痛苦。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：事情發(fā)生了改變，當(dāng)我見(jiàn)到Anastassov醫(yī)生時(shí)，他把被贊助的唇腭裂護(hù)理的項(xiàng)目——SmileTrain帶到了保加利亞。A.changed改變；B.continued繼續(xù)，持續(xù)；C.worsened惡化，加?。籇.mattered要緊，有重大影響。根據(jù)后文“HehelpedmebuildtheconfidenceinDani’s_____.Atsix,Danifinishedhisspeechtherapyandcouldspeakas______aseveryoneelse.(他幫助我建立了對(duì)Dani康復(fù)的信心。6歲時(shí)，Dani完成了言語(yǔ)治療，可以像其他人一樣清晰地說(shuō)話。)”可知，在遇到Anastassov醫(yī)生后，作者有了信心，孩子也完成了手術(shù)治療，并能像正常人一樣說(shuō)話。因此，在遇到Anastassov醫(yī)生后，事情發(fā)生了好的改變。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從我們見(jiàn)面的那一刻起，Anastassov醫(yī)生就是那個(gè)鼓舞人心的人。A.challenge挑戰(zhàn)，困難；B.choice選擇；C.evidence證據(jù)；D.inspiration靈感，鼓舞人心的人。根據(jù)前文“whenImetDr.Anastassov,whobroughtSmileTrain—sponsoredcleftcaretoBulgaria(當(dāng)我見(jiàn)到Anastassov醫(yī)生時(shí)，他把被贊助的唇腭裂護(hù)理的項(xiàng)目——SmileTrain帶到了保加利亞)”可知，Anastassov醫(yī)生給作者帶來(lái)了希望，是一個(gè)鼓舞人心的人。故選D項(xiàng)。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他幫助我建立了對(duì)Dani康復(fù)的信心。A.attitude態(tài)度；B.gift禮物，天賦；C.recovery恢復(fù)，康復(fù)；D.virtue美德，優(yōu)點(diǎn)。根據(jù)前文“whenImetDr.Anastassov,whobroughtSmileTrain—sponsoredcleftcaretoBulgaria(當(dāng)我見(jiàn)到Anastassov醫(yī)生時(shí)，他把被贊助的唇腭裂的護(hù)理項(xiàng)目——SmileTrain帶到了保加利亞)”可知，Anastassov醫(yī)生給作者帶來(lái)了希望，增加了作者對(duì)于孩子能夠治愈康復(fù)的信心。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：6歲時(shí)，Dani完成了言語(yǔ)治療，可以像其他人一樣清晰地說(shuō)話。A.loudly大聲地，響亮地；B.firmly堅(jiān)定地，牢固地；C.clearly清楚地；D.gently溫柔地。根據(jù)前文“Atsix,Danifinishedhisspeechtherapy(6歲時(shí)，Dani完成了言語(yǔ)治療)”可知，Dani的言語(yǔ)治療結(jié)束了，說(shuō)話能和正常人一樣清楚了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Dani想要成為一個(gè)飛行員。A.pilot飛行員；B.trainer教練員；C.doctor醫(yī)生；D.spaceman宇航員。根據(jù)后文“hisdreamasapilot(他飛行員的夢(mèng)想)”可知，Dani是想成為一個(gè)飛行員的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他開(kāi)始接受正式訓(xùn)練時(shí)，體檢對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)很難。A.valuable有價(jià)值的，值錢的；B.difficult困難的；C.interesting有趣的；D.practical實(shí)用的。根據(jù)背景“IwasshockedtoseemybabyDaniwithacleftathisbirth.(我很震驚地看到我的孩子Dani出生時(shí)就有唇腭裂。)”以及“Atsix,Danifinishedhisspeechtherapy(6歲時(shí)，Dani完成了言語(yǔ)治療)”可知，Dani出生時(shí)就有唇腭裂，6歲時(shí)才結(jié)束了言語(yǔ)治療，那么，要成為飛行員的體檢對(duì)于他來(lái)說(shuō)，應(yīng)該是很難的。故選B項(xiàng)。【29題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但Dani表現(xiàn)出了強(qiáng)大的毅力，通過(guò)了體檢。A.excitement興奮，激動(dòng)；B.difference不同，區(qū)別；C.contribution貢獻(xiàn)；D.strength力氣，毅力。根據(jù)后文“passed(通過(guò)了)”可推知，作為Dani這樣的情況，應(yīng)該是付出了很多努力，有著堅(jiān)韌的毅力才通過(guò)了體檢。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他現(xiàn)在正在實(shí)現(xiàn)飛行員的夢(mèng)想！A.living生活，居住；B.spreading傳播，擴(kuò)散；C.breaking打破；D.discovering發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)前文“passed(通過(guò)了)”以及后文“hisdreamasapilot(作為飛行員的夢(mèng)想)”可推知，Dani實(shí)現(xiàn)了自己飛行員的夢(mèng)想，“l(fā)iveone’sdream”意為“實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢(mèng)想”，符合句意表達(dá)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：成為Dani的母親是一種榮耀。A.chance機(jī)會(huì)；B.fact事實(shí)；C.mission任務(wù)，使命；D.h