適用于新高考新教材天津?qū)０?024屆高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)選擇性必修第一冊(cè)Unit5Revealingnature課件外研版

選擇性必修第一冊(cè)Unit5

Revealingnature英語通詞句基礎(chǔ)自測(cè)教材單詞[必背寫作詞匯]1.

n.種子,籽

2.

n.樣本

3.

n.(動(dòng)物的)原種,祖先

4.

v.產(chǎn)生,創(chuàng)造

5.

n.特征,特性

6.

v.減少

7.

v.責(zé)怪,指責(zé);把……歸咎于

8.

adv.遍及全世界

9.

n.根

10.

v.把……聯(lián)系起來;連接

seed

sample

ancestor

generate

characteristicdecline

blame

worldwide

root

link[識(shí)記閱讀詞匯]1.geologistn.

2.finchn.

3.beakn.

4.tortoisen.

5.goatn.

6.primitiveadj.

7.giantadj.

8.mangroven.

_____________________________________________9.iguanan.

地質(zhì)學(xué)家雀科鳴禽鳥嘴,喙陸龜山羊原始的,低等的巨大的,特大的紅樹(一種熱帶樹木,生于水中或水邊,并從樹枝上長出新根須)

鬣蜥(一種大型熱帶美洲蜥蜴)

10.comb-likeadj.

11.spinen.

12.mythn.

13.waspn.

14.pesticiden.

15.chillin.

16.fungusn.

17.fungaladj.

18.cybercrimen.

19.centimetren.

梳狀的(動(dòng)植物的)刺,刺毛(古代的)神話黃蜂殺蟲劑,農(nóng)藥辣椒真菌真菌的網(wǎng)絡(luò)犯罪厘米[構(gòu)織連脈詞匯]1.______________adj.遙遠(yuǎn)的;疏遠(yuǎn)的→______________n.距離

2.______________n.丟臉,恥辱→______________adj.可恥的,丟臉的;不光彩的

3.______________v.進(jìn)化→______________n.進(jìn)化(論)→______________adj.進(jìn)化的

4.______________v.猜想,懷疑,覺得→______________adj.可疑的→______________n.懷疑

5.______________n.傳說,傳奇(故事)→______________adj.傳說的,傳奇的

6.______________v.發(fā)現(xiàn),察覺(尤指不易覺察到的事物)→______________n.偵查,發(fā)覺,發(fā)現(xiàn)

distantdistancedisgracedisgracefulevolveevolutionevolutionarysuspectsuspicioussuspicionlegendlegendarydetectdetection常用短語1.

響應(yīng)號(hào)召

2.

第一選擇,首選

3.

有史以來

4.

討論中的;考慮中的

5.

堆滿,擠滿

6.

產(chǎn)生,開始存在

7.

適應(yīng)

8.

各種各樣的,形形色色的

9.

極少量的

answerthecall

firstchoice

ofalltime

inquestion

becrowdedwith

cometoexist

adapttoavarietyof

tinyamountsof

10.

驅(qū)趕走……

11.

源于……的,原產(chǎn)于……

12.

是恥辱,是丟臉的事

13.

是……的棲息地/家鄉(xiāng)

14.

完成(任務(wù));執(zhí)行;實(shí)施

drive...away

benativeto

beadisgrace

behometo

carryout重點(diǎn)句型1.AlexandertheGreatandMarcoPolowere

said

to

have

visitedsuchatreeinIndia.【嘗試翻譯】【考點(diǎn)凝練】sb/sthbesaidtohavedone...據(jù)說已經(jīng)做了……2.More

surprisingly,plantsalsousesoundtocommunicate.【嘗試翻譯】【考點(diǎn)凝練】副詞作狀語據(jù)說,亞歷山大大帝和馬可·波羅曾經(jīng)在印度參觀過這樣的一棵樹。更令人吃驚的是,植物也用聲音進(jìn)行交流。

提能力增分課堂◎核心詞匯突破1.suspect

v.猜想,懷疑,覺得

n.犯罪嫌疑人,可疑對(duì)象【歸納】(1)suspect

that...懷疑……suspect

sb/sth

to

be

...懷疑某人/某物是……suspect

sb

of

(doing)

sth懷疑某人(做過)某事(2)suspicious

adj.可疑的(3)suspicion

n.懷疑【佳句】

從……判斷Judgingfromhisabnormalbehaviour,Isuspected

him

to

beathief.

從他不正常的行為來評(píng)判,我懷疑他是個(gè)小偷?！揪殨?huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①(2020·天津卷改編)Hepullsoutaspecialdevice,pointsitat

suspect,andswitchesiton.

A.such

B.an

C.the

D./②(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷改編)InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhen

ofdrugdealing.

A.suspected B.suspectingC.suspicious D.suspicionCA③Whathesaidsoundedreasonable,butIsuspectedit

alie.

A.is B.tobeC.willbe D.hadbeen④It’salittle

thatnooneknowswherehewasatthetimeofthemurder.A.obvious B.suspiciousC.complex D.unbelievable【寫美】句式升級(jí)·背誦⑤Hesuspectedthathisneighbourstolehismoney.→He

hismoney.

BBsuspectedhisneighbourofstealing2.decline

v.&

n.減少,下降;衰弱,衰退;謝絕,婉言拒絕【歸納】(1)be

in

decline處于下降、衰退中on

the

decline在衰退,在消減(2)decline

by/to下降了/到……decline

to

do

sth

謝絕/拒絕做某事【點(diǎn)津】表示增加或減少的幅度通常用介詞by;表示“增加到”或“減少到”則要用介詞to?！炯丫洹縏henumberofgianttortoisehasdeclinedgreatlysincelastyear.自去年以來,巨型陸龜?shù)臄?shù)量大量減少?！揪殨?huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷改編)Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthedamageitcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.Besides,thenumberofsnakes

aswell.

A.declined B.haddeclinedC.hasdeclined D.declines②(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷改編)Astheeconomywas

decline,somepeopleinthetownhadlosttheirjobs.

A.with B.toC.at D.inBD③Inspiteofmanyinvitations,hewouldalwaysdecline

Oxford.

A.visiting B.tovisitC.beingvisited D.tobevisited【寫美】完成句子·背誦④自從新的交通法規(guī)實(shí)施以來,闖紅燈的人數(shù)減少了。Thenumberofpeoplewhoruntheredlight___________________________sincethenewtrafficregulationscameintoeffect.(寫作話題之交通)

Bhasbeenonthedecline/indecline3.blame

v.責(zé)怪,指責(zé);把……歸咎于

n.過失;責(zé)備【歸納】(1)blame

sb

for

sth

因某事而責(zé)備某人blame

sth

on

sb

把某事歸咎于某人be

to

blame

(for...)(對(duì)某事)負(fù)有責(zé)任,(因某事)應(yīng)受責(zé)備(2)put/lay

the

blame

(for

sth)

on

sb/sth(因某事)歸咎于某人/某事【點(diǎn)津】在betoblame(for)短語中,不定式用主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示被動(dòng)含義?！炯丫洹縎omedrivers,cyclistsandpedestriansare

to

blame,becausetheydonotthinkitvitaltoobeytrafficrules.一些司機(jī)、騎自行車的人和行人都應(yīng)受到責(zé)備,因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為遵守交通規(guī)則不重要。【練會(huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①(2021·全國甲卷改編)It’stheseasidebirdsthatdeserveatleastpartoftheblame

gettingNickBurchillblacklistedattheFairmontEmpressHotelinVictoria,Canada.

A.about B.as

C.for

D.of②Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblame

thealarmclock.

A.to B.at

C.above

D.on③(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷改編)Don’t

thewaiter.He’sbeenreallynice.

A.toblame B.blameC.blaming D.blamedCDB【寫美】一句多譯·背誦④他把考試失敗歸咎于老師?！?/p>

(blamesthon)

→

(blamesbfor)

→

(n.blame)

HeblamedthefailureofhisexamontheteacherHeblamedtheteacherforthefailureofhisexamHeput/laidtheblameforthefailureofhisexamontheteacher.4.link

v.把……聯(lián)系起來;連接

n.聯(lián)系;連接;關(guān)系,紐帶;鏈接【歸納】(1)a

link

of

friendship友誼的紐帶(2)be

linked

by...用……連接link...with...把……和……連接起來be

linked

to與……有聯(lián)系;與……有關(guān)聯(lián)link...to...把……和……聯(lián)系起來【點(diǎn)津】berelatedto與……有聯(lián)系,與……有關(guān)系relate...to...把……和……聯(lián)系起來beconnectedwith與……有關(guān)系;與……有親戚關(guān)系connect...with...把……和……連接起來【練會(huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①(2021·北京卷改編)Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverythingthathappenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiences

oldmemories.

A.by B.to

C.at D.under②(2019·天津卷改編)Whenapredatoralwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey,thetwospeciesarestrongly

.

A.linking B.linkedC.tobelinked D.beinglinked【寫美】完成句子·背誦③英吉利海峽隧道把英國和歐洲其他國家連接起來。TheChannelTunnel

therestofEurope.

BBlinksBritainwith5.in

question討論中的;考慮中的【歸納】call/bring/throw

sth

into

question引起對(duì)某事物的懷疑beyond

question不容懷疑without

question毫無疑問;毫無異議地out

of

question沒問題out

of

the

question不可能;不允許【練會(huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①Thefutureofpublictransportisnot

question.

A.with B.beyond

C.in D.to②Thewell-disciplinedsoldierscarriedouttheirorders

question.

A.without B.outC.against D.over【寫美】完成句子·背誦③沒有一個(gè)完整有效的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),那個(gè)國家的可持續(xù)發(fā)展是不可能的。Withoutacompleteeffectiveindustrialstructure,thesustaineddevelopmentofthatcountryis

.(寫作話題之可持續(xù)發(fā)展)

CAoutofthequestion6.be

crowded

with

堆滿,擠滿【歸納】the

crowd

群眾a

crowd

of/crowds

of...一大群……,很多……follow/go

with

the

crowd隨大流,附和大眾crowd

in

(on

sb)涌上(心頭),涌入(腦海)crowd

into

one’s

mind涌上某人的心頭crowd

into...大批涌入(狹小的空間)【練會(huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①(2020·天津卷改編)Westopaskingquestions.Westopchallengingcustom.Wejustfollow

crowd.

A.the B.a C.an D./②Thecanteenwascrowded

summercampersfromhighschoolsacrossthecity.

A.of B.with C.to

D.atAB【寫美】一句多譯·背誦③他突然有了一個(gè)想法:建設(shè)另一條高速公路就能解決問題?！鶤thought

thatbuildinganotherexpresswaycouldsolvetheproblem.

→Athought

thatbuildinganotherexpresswaycouldsolvetheproblem.

crowdedintohismindcrowdedinonhim★補(bǔ)遺缺

微點(diǎn)練全Ⅰ.一詞多義——根據(jù)語境寫出句中黑體詞的詞性和含義1.distant①Thetimewespenttogetherisnowadistantmemory.

②Theirlifeseemedutterlydistantfromhisown.

③Therewasadistantlookinhereyes;hermindwasobviouslyonsomethingelse.

④Patsoundedverycoldanddistantonthephone.

⑤Shewasmydistantcousin,soIwasnotfamiliarwithher.

adj.遙遠(yuǎn)的,久遠(yuǎn)的

adj.不同的,不相似的

adj.心不在焉的;恍惚的;出神的

adj.冷淡的

adj.遠(yuǎn)房的,遠(yuǎn)親的

Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空2.Theideaevolved

adrawingIdiscoveredintheattic.

A.by

B.against

C.from

D.off3.Thedatatypesofarraysandrecordsarenative

manyprogramminglanguages.

A.to B.with

C.by

D.asCA◎重點(diǎn)句型透視sb/sth

be

said

to

have

done...據(jù)說已經(jīng)做了……【教材原句】AlexandertheGreatandMarcoPolowere

said

to

have

visitedsuchatreeinIndia.據(jù)說,亞歷山大大帝和馬可·波羅曾經(jīng)在印度參觀過這樣的一棵樹?！練w納】“主語+be

said

to

do...”意為“據(jù)說……”,其中不定式有時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。該結(jié)構(gòu)相當(dāng)于“It

is

said

that...”。【練會(huì)】單項(xiàng)填空①M(fèi)aryissaid

forLondontomorrow.

A.toleave

B.leavingC.left D.tohaveleft②Tenpeoplewereestimated

intheaccident.

A.tobekilled B.tohavekilledC.tohavebeenkilled D.tobekilling③Heissaid

abroad,butIdon’tknowwhichcountryheisin.

A.tostudy B.tobestudyingC.tohavestudied D.tohavebeenstudiedACB【寫美】句式升級(jí)·背誦④ItisbelievedthatprintingwasfirstinventedbytheChinese.→

bytheChinese.Printingisbelievedtohavebeenfirstinvented研真題鏈接高考(2021·北京卷,閱讀理解D)——人與自然的關(guān)系Earlyfifth-centuryphilosopherSt.Augustinefamouslywrotethatheknewwhattimewasunlesssomeoneaskedhim.AlbertEinsteinaddedanotherwrinklewhenhetheorizedthattimevariesdependingonwhereyoumeasureit.Today’sstate-of-the-artatomic(原子的)clockshaveprovenEinsteinright.Evenadvancedphysicscan’tdecisivelytelluswhattimeis,becausetheanswerdependsonthequestionyou’reasking.Forgetabouttimeasanabsolute.Whatif,insteadofconsideringtimeintermsofastronomy,werelatedtimetoecology?Whatifweallowedenvironmentalconditionstosetthetempo(節(jié)奏)ofhumanlife?We’reincreasinglyawareofthefactthatwecan’tcontrolEarthsystemswithengineeringalone,andrealizingthatweneedtomoderate(調(diào)節(jié))ouractionsifwehopetoliveinbalance.Whatifourdefinitionoftimereflectedthat?Recently,Iconceptualizedanewapproachtotimekeepingthat’sconnectedtocircumstancesonourplanet,conditionsthatmightchangeasaresultofglobalwarming.We’renowbuildingaclockattheAnchorageMuseumthatreflectsthetotalflowofseveralmajorAlaskanrivers,whicharesensitivetolocalandglobalenvironmentalchanges.We’veprogrammedittomatchanatomicclockifthewaterwayscontinuetoflowattheirpresentrate.Iftheriversrunfasterinthefutureonaverage,theclockwillgetaheadofstandardtime.Iftheyrunslower,you’llseetheoppositeeffect.Theclockregistersbothshort-termirregularitiesandlong-termtrendsinriverdynamics.It’sasortofobservatorythatrevealshowtheriversarebehavingfromtheirowntemporalframe(時(shí)間框架),andallowsustowitnessthosechangesonoursmartwatchesorphones.AnyonewhooptstogoonAlaskaMeanRiverTimewillliveinharmonywiththeplanet.Anyonewhoconsidersrivertimeinrelationtoatomictimewillencounteramajorimbalanceandmaybemotivatedtocounteractitbyconsuminglessfuelorsupportinggreenerpolicies.Evenifthismethodoftimekeepingisnovelinitsparticulars,earlyagriculturalsocietiesalsoconnectedtimetonaturalphenomena.Inpre-ClassicalGreece,forinstance,people“corrected”officialcalendarsbyshiftingdatesforwardorbackwardtoreflectthechangeofseason.Temporalconnectiontotheenvironmentwasvitaltotheirsurvival.Likewise,rivertimeandothertimekeepingsystemswe’redevelopingmayencourageenvironmentalawareness.WhenSt.Augustineadmittedhisinabilitytodefinetime,hehighlightedoneoftime’smostnoticeablequalities:Timebecomesmeaningfulonlyinadefinedcontext.Anytimekeepingsystemisvalid,andeachisaspraiseworthyasitspurpose.理清脈絡(luò)

真題再做31.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph1?A.Timekeepingisincreasinglyrelatedtonature.B.Everyonecandefinetimeontheirownterms.C.Thequalitiesoftimevarywithhowyoumeasureit.D.Timeisamajorconcernofphilosophersandscientists.B解析:段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Even

advanced

physics

can’t

decisively

tell

us

what

time

is,because

the

answer

depends

on

the

question

you’re

asking.”以及上文列舉的哲學(xué)家St.Augustine和愛因斯坦對(duì)于時(shí)間的定義可推斷,第一段主要講述每個(gè)人都可以用自己的話來定義時(shí)間。32.TheauthorraisesthreequestionsinParagraph2mainlyto

.

A.presentanassumptionB.evaluateanargumentC.highlightanexperimentD.introduceanapproachD解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“Recently,I

conceptualized

a

new

approach

to

timekeeping”可知,本段提出三個(gè)問題是為了引出下文作者構(gòu)思的一種計(jì)時(shí)的新方法。33.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Thosewhodonotgoonrivertimewillliveanimbalancedlife.B.NewwaysofmeasuringtimecanhelptocontrolEarthsystems.C.Atomictimewillgetaheadofrivertimeiftheriversrunslower.D.Moderntechnologymayhelptoshapetherivers’temporalframe.C解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段尤其是最后兩句“If

the

rivers

run

faster

in

the

future

on

average,the

clock

will

get

ahead

of

standard

time.If

they

run

slower,you’ll

see

the

opposite

effect.”可知,作者他們建造了一個(gè)由河流總流量校準(zhǔn)的時(shí)鐘,并與原子鐘相匹配,如果未來河流流速更快,建造的時(shí)鐘顯示的時(shí)間將領(lǐng)先于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)間。如果河流流速較慢,就會(huì)看到相反的效果。由此可推知,如果河流流速較慢,該時(shí)鐘會(huì)慢于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)間,即原子時(shí)間將領(lǐng)先于河流時(shí)間。34.Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A.Itiscrucialtoimprovethedefinitionoftime.B.Afixedframewillmaketimemeaningless.C.Weshouldliveinharmonywithnature.D.Historyisamirrorreflectingreality.C解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“We’re

increasingly

aware

of

the

fact

that

we

can’t

control

Earth

systems

with

engineering

alone,and

realizing

that

we

need

to

moderate

our

actions

if

we

hope

to

live

in

balance.”和倒數(shù)第二段中的“Temporal

connection

to

the

environment

was

vital

to

their

survival.Likewise,river

time

and

other

timekeeping

systems

we’re

developing

may

encourage

environmental

awareness.”可推斷,從這篇文章中我們知道我們應(yīng)該與自然和諧共處,保護(hù)環(huán)境。語言能力1.掌握構(gòu)詞知識(shí)詞根派生詞性及詞義例句

inability

WhenSt.Augustineadmittedhisinabilitytodefinetime,hehighlightedoneoftime’smostnoticeablequalities:Timebecomesmeaningfulonlyinadefinedcontext.ablen.無能力,無才能

2.猜測(cè)生僻詞詞義Temporalconnectiontotheenvironmentwasvitaltotheirsurvival.Likewise,rivertimeandothertimekeepingsystemswe’redevelopingmayencourageenvironmentalawareness.

3.牢記熟詞生義單詞詞性及詞義例句novel

Evenifthismethodoftimekeepingisnovelinitsparticulars,earlyagriculturalsocietiesalsoconnectedtimetonaturalphenomena.同樣地,類似地

adj.新穎的

4.仿寫經(jīng)典句型What

ifweallowedenvironmentalconditionstosetthetempoofhumanlife?仿寫:在接下來的半小時(shí)里,如果這個(gè)問題必須被解決將會(huì)怎樣?

inthenexthalfhour?

Whatifthisproblemhastobesolved5.破解復(fù)雜句式We’reincreasinglyawareofthefactthatwecan’tcontrolEarthsystemswithengineeringalone,andrealizingthatweneedtomoderateouractionsifwehopetoliveinbalance.分析:本句為復(fù)合句,that

we

can’t

control

Earth

systems

with

engineering

alone為

從句,說明fact的內(nèi)容;that

we

need

to

moderate

our

actions為

從句;if

we

hope

to

live

in

balance為

從句。譯文:同位語

賓語

條件狀語

我們?cè)絹碓揭庾R(shí)到,不能單獨(dú)用工程學(xué)來控制地球系統(tǒng),并意識(shí)到如果我們希望生活在平衡中,我們就需要調(diào)節(jié)我們的行為。測(cè)效果課堂評(píng)價(jià)Ⅰ.熟詞生義1.root項(xiàng)目意義例句熟義n.

Therootoftheproblemistheirlackofinterest.生義n.

SteveandNaomispokeinmusicalcodelines,beats,intervals,movingfromtheroottoendasonginanewkey.根源,原因

根音

2.link項(xiàng)目意義例句熟義n.

There’sadirectlinkbetweendietandheartdisease.生義n.

Clickonthislinktovisitouronlinebookstore.聯(lián)系,關(guān)聯(lián)

(因特網(wǎng)上的)鏈接

Ⅱ.單項(xiàng)填空A組

基礎(chǔ)必練1.Pilcher

ofenteringthecountryillegally.

A.suspected

B.wassuspectedC.suspects D.wassuspecting2.Manychildrenareafraidof

formakingmistakesintheexam.

A.beingblamed B.tobeblamedC.blaming D.blamedBA3.Shecouldhearthe

soundofsingingsongs.

A.interesting B.distantC.horrible D.fresh4.Hehadhopedtosellmorepaperstonighttomakemoremoneytobuyacakeforhismotherandsome

forhisbird.

A.water B.songsC.seeds D.shelter5.Native

theUS,pygmyrabbitsweighlessthan1poundandliveintheAmericanWest.

A.of

B.to C.for

D.byBCB6.Theavenuesofthearea

visitorsfromalloverthecountry.

A.wascrowdedon B