含分布式電源的配網(wǎng)網(wǎng)損分?jǐn)偡椒捌鋱?chǎng)景適用性研究

含分布式電源的配網(wǎng)網(wǎng)損分?jǐn)偡椒捌鋱?chǎng)景適用性研究摘要：近年來(lái)，分布式電源（DistributedGeneration,DG）的發(fā)展日趨成熟，其在配電系統(tǒng)中的應(yīng)用越來(lái)越廣泛。然而，分布式電源的接入對(duì)配網(wǎng)網(wǎng)損分?jǐn)偡绞教岢隽诵碌奶魬?zhàn)。本文通過(guò)對(duì)分布式電源的接入方式、網(wǎng)損分?jǐn)偡椒ㄒ约皥?chǎng)景適用性進(jìn)行研究，旨在為配網(wǎng)網(wǎng)損分?jǐn)偺峁├碚撝笇?dǎo)和技術(shù)支持。首先，本文對(duì)分布式電源的接入方式進(jìn)行了分類(lèi)與分析。常見(jiàn)的分布式電源接入方式包括并網(wǎng)、孤島和微網(wǎng)等，每種方式在不同場(chǎng)景下都有其適用性和限制性。并網(wǎng)接入是將分布式電源與配電系統(tǒng)直接連接，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)電力互補(bǔ)與網(wǎng)損分?jǐn)?。孤島接入是將分布式電源與主電網(wǎng)物理隔離，適用于特定的用戶(hù)需求和電力規(guī)劃。微網(wǎng)接入是將多個(gè)分布式電源有機(jī)組織成一個(gè)獨(dú)立運(yùn)行的小型電網(wǎng)，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)主動(dòng)管理與優(yōu)化。其次，本文對(duì)常見(jiàn)的網(wǎng)損分?jǐn)偡椒ㄟM(jìn)行了歸納和評(píng)價(jià)。目前，常見(jiàn)的網(wǎng)損分?jǐn)偡椒ㄖ饕üβ史謹(jǐn)偡?、電流分?jǐn)偡ā⒇?fù)荷分?jǐn)偡ê统杀痉謹(jǐn)偡ǖ?。功率分?jǐn)偡ㄊ歉鶕?jù)分布式電源的實(shí)際輸出功率來(lái)計(jì)算其網(wǎng)損分?jǐn)偙壤m用于功率輸出穩(wěn)定的情況。電流分?jǐn)偡ㄊ歉鶕?jù)分布式電源的實(shí)際輸出電流來(lái)計(jì)算其網(wǎng)損分?jǐn)偙壤?，適用于電流波動(dòng)較大的情況。負(fù)荷分?jǐn)偡ㄊ歉鶕?jù)用戶(hù)負(fù)荷量來(lái)計(jì)算分布式電源的網(wǎng)損分?jǐn)偙壤?，適用于負(fù)荷波動(dòng)較大的情況。成本分?jǐn)偡ㄊ歉鶕?jù)分布式電源的運(yùn)行成本來(lái)計(jì)算其網(wǎng)損分?jǐn)偙壤?，適用于成本敏感的情況。不同的分?jǐn)偡椒ㄟm用于不同的情況，需要根據(jù)實(shí)際需求選擇合適的方法。最后，本文通過(guò)案例研究分析了不同的分布式電源接入方式和網(wǎng)損分?jǐn)偡椒ㄔ趯?shí)際應(yīng)用中的場(chǎng)景適用性。研究結(jié)果表明，并網(wǎng)接入方式適用于整體電力系統(tǒng)較為穩(wěn)定的情況，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)損最小化；孤島接入方式適用于場(chǎng)景需求緊迫、用戶(hù)自供電需求強(qiáng)烈的情況，但在網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)模較大時(shí)難以實(shí)施；微網(wǎng)接入方式適用于微電網(wǎng)建設(shè)相對(duì)集中的場(chǎng)景，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)分布式電源的靈活調(diào)度和優(yōu)化運(yùn)行。對(duì)于網(wǎng)損分?jǐn)偡椒ǘ裕煌姆椒ㄟm用于不同的情況，需要綜合考慮功率平衡、經(jīng)濟(jì)性和用戶(hù)需求等因素。關(guān)鍵詞：分布式電源；接入方式；網(wǎng)損分?jǐn)?；?chǎng)景適用性；配電系統(tǒng)Abstract:Inrecentyears,thedevelopmentofDistributedGeneration(DG)hasbecomeincreasinglymature,anditsapplicationindistributionsystemsisbecomingmoreandmoreextensive.However,theaccessofdistributedgenerationposesnewchallengestotheallocationofnetworklossesindistributionnetworks.Thispaperaimstoprovidetheoreticalguidanceandtechnicalsupportfornetworklossallocationindistributionnetworksthroughresearchontheaccessmethodsofdistributedgeneration,networklossallocationmethods,andtheirapplicabilityindifferentscenarios.Firstly,thispaperclassifiesandanalyzestheaccessmethodsofdistributedgeneration.Commonaccessmethodsfordistributedgenerationincludegrid-connected,islanded,andmicrogrid,eachofwhichhasitsapplicabilityandlimitationsindifferentscenarios.Grid-connectedaccessconnectsdistributedgenerationdirectlytothedistributionsystem,whichcanachievepowercomplementationandnetworklossallocation.Islandedaccessphysicallyisolatesdistributedgenerationfromthemaingridandissuitableforspecificuserneedsandpowerplanning.Microgridaccessorganizesmultipledistributedgenerationunitsintoaself-containedminigrid,whichenablesactivemanagementandoptimization.Secondly,thispapersummarizesandevaluatescommonmethodsfornetworklossallocation.Currently,commonnetworklossallocationmethodsincludepowerallocation,currentallocation,loadallocation,andcostallocation.Powerallocationcalculatestheproportionofnetworklossallocationbasedontheactualoutputpowerofdistributedgenerationandissuitableforstablepoweroutputsituations.Currentallocationcalculatestheproportionofnetworklossallocationbasedontheactualoutputcurrentofdistributedgenerationandissuitableforsituationswithsignificantcurrentfluctuations.Loadallocationcalculatestheproportionofnetworklossallocationbasedonuserloadandissuitableforsituationswithsignificantloadfluctuations.Costallocationcalculatestheproportionofnetworklossallocationbasedontheoperatingcostofdistributedgenerationandissuitableforcost-sensitivesituations.Differentallocationmethodsaresuitablefordifferentsituationsandrequiretheappropriatemethodtobeselectedbasedontheactualneeds.Finally,thispaperanalyzestheapplicabilityofdifferentaccessmethodsandnetworklossallocationmethodsinpracticalapplicationsthroughcasestudies.Theresearchresultsshowthatgrid-connectedaccessissuitableforsituationswheretheoverallpowersystemisrelativelystableandcanminimizenetworklosses.Islandedaccessissuitableforsituationswithurgentscenariorequirementsandstronguserself-supplyneeds,butitisdifficulttoimplementinlarge-scalenetworks.Microgridaccessissuitableforscenarioswithrelativelyconcentratedmicrogridconstruction,whichenablesflexibleschedulingandoptimizedoperationofdistributedgeneration.Asfornetworklossallocationmethods,differentmethodsaresuitablefordifferentsituations,andfactorssuch