江蘇省泰州市2024屆高三年級下冊2月調(diào)研測試英語試卷(含答案)

江蘇省泰州市2024屆高三下學(xué)期2月調(diào)研測試英語試卷

學(xué)校：___________姓名：班級：___________考號：

一'閱讀理解

SouthAmericahasalongandinterestingcoastline.Whenitcomestobeaches,thereare

someexcellentoptionstobefoundacrossthecontinent.

SanchoBeach

Thisbeachisanamazingstretchofsandwithpeacefulwaters.Theclearwatersare

perfectforswimmingbutitisdifficulttoaccess.Itcanonlybereachedbyboatorby

climbingdowntherockyhillsidesoneachend,soitisn'tparticularlygoodforyounger

childrenorpeoplewhoarephysicallychallenged.

VichayitoBeach

JustashortdistancefromthewaterfronttownofMancora,thislovelybeachisoften

quietandpeaceful,offeringsomeniceshallowwatertoswiminforlittleones.Alittlefurther

out,thewavespickup,makingforfinesurfingandwindsurfingsurroundings,whilethe

charmingvillageoffersniceaccommodation.

CopacabanaBeach

Thecoldwaterheremeansitisn'tanidealswimminglocation,buttherearegoodspots

forsurfingandwindsurfing.Variouswateractivitiesmakeitagreatbeach.Visitearly,

especiallyinthebusytouristseasons,notonlytoavoidcrowds,butalsotogainadmittance

——visitorswillbeturnedawayoncetheparkreachespeakcapacity.

JericoacoaraBeach

Locatednearthecitycenter,thisbeachisverypopularamongsurfersthankstoitsgreat

waves.Itisn'ttooroughtoswimforexperiencedswimmers,althoughaslightlyrocky

seafloormeansyoushouldbecareful.Withlargecrowdsofpeople,thebesttimetovisitis

sunset-arriveearlytogetagoodviewingspot.

1.WhatmaymakeSanchoBeachdifficulttoreach?

A.Thegreatwaves.B.Itsuniquelocation.

C.Lackofboatservices.D.Largecrowdsoftourists.

2.Whichbeachisthemostidealplaceforyoungchildrentoswim?

A.SanchoBeach.B.VichayitoBeach.

C.CopacabanaBeach.D.JericoacoaraBeach.

3.WhatdoCopacabanaBeachandJericoacoaraBeachhaveincommon?

A.Theybothappealtothoselovingwatersports.

B.Touristsmayberejectedduetotheirlimitedcapacity.

C.Touristsshouldarriveearlytogetagoodviewingspot.

D.Theyprovideperfectswimmingoptionsforprofessionals.

NormanLear,ageniusproducerandscreenwriter,passedawayonTuesdayinLos

Angelesattheageof101."Lear'shitcomedyshowschangedtelevisionforever/9saidDarnel

Hunt,aleadingartistonTV.

LeargrewupinanordinaryfamilyinConnecticut,whereanunexpectedaccident

broughtabouthisfather'sbusinesscollapse.Sohehadtodropoutofcollegeandjoinedthe

army.Inhislate20s,hemovedtoLosAngeleswherehestruggledhardforseveralyears,

sellingfurnituredoortodoor.Lateron,unsatisfiedwithhislife,heeventuallyturnedto

writingforanightclubcomedyact.

By1971,whenhewasalmost50,Learhadproducedanddirectedsomeshows,among

whichwasthehitshowAllintheFamily.Inthebeginning,itdidn'tgetontheairsmoothly.

However,onceitdid,thisshowmadeittothetop10foreightofitsnineseasons,promising

Lear'slifewastochange.

ThissuccessfulshowwasjustthebeginningofLear'sdominatingpositionincomedy

shows.ThencameTheJeffersons,aboutafamilyonitswayup.Itranforelevenseasons,one

ofthelongestrunningcomedyshowsontelevision,becominganothersuccessfulstory.When

interviewedaboutthehitofhisshows,Learsaid,"Ourteamreadtwoorthreenewspapersa

day,paidalotofattentiontoourfamilies,andcameintotalkabouteverythingthatwas

affectingusinourdailylives.^^Therefore,itcameasnosurprisethatviewershadasenseof

Lear'sownfamilyafterwatchingAllintheFamily.

"Routinely,Lear'sshowsmightgetfiftyorsixtymillionviewers.Hewasindirect

contactwiththelivingroomsandfamiliesofthecountry/9saysMartyKaplan,founding

directoroftheNormanLearCenter."Leardideverythingwithhumorandsympathy."

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutLearfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Heledachallenginglifeinhistwenties.

B.Hisshowshadlittleimpactontelevision.

C.Hisfatherexpectedhimtobeascreenwriter.

D.Hereceivedgoodeducationdespitehisfather'sbusinessfailure.

5.WhichfactormaycontributetothesuccessofLear9sshows?

A.Hisshowsreflectedrealdailylife.B.Hisshowsfeaturedsurpriseendings.

C.Hisshowsgoontheairimmediately.D.Hisshowsdominatedthecomedyindustry.

6.WhatcanweinferfromMartyKaplan'swordsinthelastparagraph?

A.Learpromotedhisshowstofamiliesdirectly.

B.Learwonwidespreadpopularityforhisshows.

C.Learcarriedoutface-to-faceinteractionswithviewers.

D.Learalwaysfocusesonthethemesofhumorandsympathy.

7.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Acomedyscript.B.Astorycollection.

C.Aliteraturereview.D.Anewsreport.

Thehumanbodypossessesanefficientdefensesystemtobattlewithfluviruses.The

immunesystemprotectsagainsttheattackofharmfulmicrobes（微生物）byproducing

chemicalscalledantibodies,whichareprogrammedtodestroyaspecifictypeofmicrobe.

Theytravelinthebloodandsearchthebodyforinvaders（入侵者）.Whentheyfindan

invasivemicrobe,antibodiesattackanddestroyanycellthatcontainsthevirus.However,flu

virusescanbeaterribleenemy.Evenifyourbodysuccessfullyfightsagainsttheviruses,

withtheirabilitytoevolverapidly,yourbodymayhavenoprotectionorimmunityfromthe

newones.

Yourbodyproduceswhitebloodcellstoprotectyouagainstinfectiousdiseases.Your

bodycandetectinvadingmicrobesinyourbloodstreambecausetheycarryantigensintheir

proteins.Whitebloodcellsinyourimmunesystem,suchasTcells,cansenseantigensinthe

virusesinyourcells.Onceyourbodyfindsanantigen,ittakesimmediateactioninmany

differentways.Forexample,Tcellsproducemoreantibodies,callincellsthateatmicrobes,

anddestroycellsthatareinfectedwithavirus.

Oneofthebestthingsabouttheimmunesystemisthatitwillalwaysremembera

microbeithasfoughtbeforeandknowjusthowtofightitagaininthefuture.Yourbodycan

learntofightsowellthatyourimmunesystemcancompletelydestroyavirusbeforeyoufeel

sickatall.

However,eventhemostcautiouspeoplecanbecomeinfected.Fortunately,medical

scientistshavedevelopedvaccines（疫苗），whichareweakenedordeadfluvirusesthatenter

aperson'sbodybeforethepersongetssick.Thesevirusescausethebodytoproduce

antibodiestoattackanddestroythestrongvirusesthatmayinvadeduringfluseason.

8.Whydoesfluposeathreattotheimmunesystem?

A.Microbescontainlargequantitiesofviruses.

B.Antibodiesaretooweaktoattackfluviruses.

C.Thebodyhasfeweffectivewaystotackleflu.

D.It'shardtokeeppacewiththeevolutionofviruses.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“antigens“refertoinParagraph2?

A.Thecellprotectingyourbodyfromviruses.

B.Thematterservingastheindicatorofviruses.

C.Theantibodieshelpingtofightagainstviruses.

D.Thesubstancedestroyingcellsinfectedwithviruses.

10.Howdovaccinesdefendthebodyagainstthefluviruses?

A.Theystrengthenthebody'simmunesystem.

B.Theybattleagainstweakenedordeadviruses.

C.Theyhelpproduceantibodiestowipeoutviruses.

D.Theyexposethebodytovirusesduringfluseason.

11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.AntibodiesSaveOurHealth.B.VaccinesAreOfGreatNecessity.

C.InfectiousFluVirusesAreAround.D.HumanBodyFightsAgainstFlu

Viruses.

Asatelliteisanobjectinspacethatorbitsaroundanother.Ithastwokinds一natural

satellitesandartificialsatellites.Themoonisanaturalsatellitethatmovesaroundtheearth

whileartificialsatellitesarethosemadebyman.

Despitetheirwidespreadimpactondailylife,artificialsatellitesmainlydependon

differentcomplicatedmakeups.Ontheoutside,theymaylooklikeawheel,equippedwith

solarpanelsorsails.Inside,thesatellitescontainmission-specificscientificinstruments,

whichincludewhatevertoolsthesatellitesneedtoperformtheirwork.Amongthem,high-

resolutioncamerasandcommunicationelectronicsaretypicalones.Besides,thepartthat

carriestheloadandholdsallthepartstogetheriscalledthebus.

Artificialsatellitesoperateinasystematicwayjustlikehumans.Computersfunctionas

thesatellite'sbrain,whichreceiveinformation,interpretit,andsendmessagesbacktothe

earth.Advanceddigitalcamerasserveasthesatellite'seyes.Sensorsareotherimportantparts

thatnotonlyrecognizelight,heat,andgases,butalsorecordchangesinwhatisbeing

observed.Radiosonthesatellitesendinformationbacktotheearth.Solarpanelsprovide

electricalpowerforthecomputersandotherequipment,aswellasthepowertomovethe

satelliteforward.

Artificialsatellitesusegravitytostayintheirorbits.Earth'sgravitypullseverything

towardthecenteroftheplanet.Tostayintheearth'sorbit,thespeedofasatellitemustadjust

tothetiniestchangesinthepullofgravity.Thesatellite'sspeedworksagainstearth'sgravity

justenoughsothatitdoesn'tgospeedingintospaceorfallingbacktotheearth.

Rocketscarrysatellitestodifferenttypesandheightsoforbits,basedonthetasksthey

needtoperform.Satellitesclosertotheearthareinlow-earthorbit,whichcanbe200-500

mileshigh.Theclosertotheearth,thestrongerthegravityis.Therefore,thesesatellitesmust

travelatabout17,000milesperhourtokeepfromfallingbacktotheearth,whilehigher-

orbitingsatellitescantravelmoreslowly.

12.WhatisParagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?

A.Theappearanceofartificialsatellites.B.Thecomponentsofartificialsatellites.

C.Thebasicfunctionofartificialsatellites.D.Thespecificmissionofartificial

satellites.

13.Whatistheroleofcomputersinartificialsatellites?

A.Providingelectricalpower.B.Recordingchangesobserved.

C.Monitoringspaceenvironment.D.Processinginformationreceived.

14.Howdoartificialsatellitesstayintheirorbits?

A.Byrelyingonpowerfulrocketstogetoutofgravity.

B.Byorbitingatafixedspeedregardlessofgravity'spull.

C.Bychangingspeedconstantlybasedonthepullofgravity.

D.Byresistingthepullofgravitywithadvancedtechnologies.

15.Whydosatellitesinhigher-earthorbittravelmoreslowly?

A.Theyaremoreaffectedbyearth'sgravity.

B.Theytakeadvantageofrocketsmoreeffectively.

C.Theyhaveweakerpullofgravityinhigherorbits.

D.Theyareequippedwithmoreadvancedinstruments.

二、七選五

16.Desireforsuccessisabasichumannature.Buthurdlesareboundtocomeuponthe

waytosuccess,discouragingyoufromyourgoal.①Herearesomewaysthatmay

helpyoutobediligentandwriteyourownsuccessstory.

Firstofall,havingaclearvisionisessentialtobediligentinlife.Ifyouarenotclear

aboutwhatyouwanttoachieveinlife,youwilllosedirection,motivationandenthusiasmin

life.②Soifyouwanttogaindiligence,youshouldmakeanefforttodefineyour

vision.

(3)Properplanningenablesustoturnmostofthegoalsintorealitywithout

regretsinlaterpartoflife.Havingaplaninadvance,though,doesnotmeanthatyouhaveto

planfromstarttofinish.Itmeansyoushouldknowinwhichdirectionyouareheading.

Moreover,excusesarenotgoingtokeepyouawayfromregretsinyourlaterlife.Ifyou

delaydiligencebecauseofyourfamilyresponsibility,itsimplymeansyourgoalsarenotin

yourprioritylist,whichiswhyexcusesarecoming.(4).

Finally,diligenceisnotthebirthrightofsomeprivilegedpeoplebutanoption.⑤

.Otherwise,youmightunconsciouslydevelopthehabitofnotbeingseriousabout

biggertasksaswell.Sonowistherighttimetostartstrivingtobediligentineverythingyou

doandensureyoursuccess.

A.Youhavetobebravewhenencounteringhurdles.

B.Ontheotherhand,ifyouare,youwillstaydiligent.

C.Youneedtopracticediligenceevenforthesmallesttask.

D.Infact,onlythosewhoarediligentcanovercomethem.

E.Diligenceistheapplicationofpersistenteffortonatask.

F.Itisofthesameimportancetohaveaspecificplanbeforehand.

G.Sofollowyourdreamswithnoexcusetoliveahappyandsuccessfullife.

三、完形填空(15空)

MymomenjoyedinvitingpeopleforThanksgiving.Aftermyfamilymovedfaraway

fromallour1,Momstartedfillingthehousewith2guests一whoeverhad

nowhereelsetogoforThanksgiving.

ImissedourbigfamilygatheringsbeforemovingherebutMomhada(n)3

heart.Thisyear,whenMomshowedmeherguestlist,almosthalfthesizeofoursmall

town's4、Iwasannoyed.

Ourfirstguestsarrived:threeforeignexchangestudents.Mom'soriginalplanwasto

5one.Butshewastoldthoseunabletogohomesometimes6intears,so

herecamethree.Thenextguests7throughthedoor,asinglemomandhersixkids.

Withmoreguests,thevolumeandthetemperatureinthehouseinstantly8.Luckily,

dinnerwasreadybeforethehouseorI9.However,seeingmynamecardplaced

amongthesixkids,Imurmuredangrily,uHowwouldIgetsuchan10seat?"

Afterdinner,Momsuggestedsharingsomethingwewerethankfulfor-anotherannual

11atourhouse."I'mso12toyourfamilyforopeninguphometo

us.”Thesinglemomspokewithwateryeyes.Thenonestudentexpressedhowmuchit

13tobewithafamilyonThanksgiving.

Suddenlysomething14me:theessenceofgenerosityandinclusion.

Thanksgivingisaboutmorethanfamily一it'saboutashared_15_____fullofkindness.

17.A.colleaguesB.relativesC.neighboursD.strangers

18.A.closeB.randomC.specificD.favorite

19.A.generousB.energeticC.curiousD.powerful

20.A.applicantsB.beggarsC.populationD.volunteers

21.A.shelterB.awardC.repayD.host

22.A.setoutB.tookoverC.brokedownD.showedup

23.A.burstB.droppedC.pulledD.fell

24.A.recoveredB.declinedC.roseD.stretched

25.A.explodedB.sufferedC.slidD.withdrew

26.A.impressiveB.unluckyC.unusualD.awesome

27.A.contestB.opportunityC.anticipationD.tradition

28.A.gratefulB.sympatheticC.familiarD.addicted

29.A.costB.workedC.remainedD.meant

30.A.inspiredB.convincedC.struckD.drilled

31.A.welfareB.communityC.friendshipD.future

四、短文填空

32.ThetraditionalChinesepaintingis①________(fundamental)anabstractartform.

ObjectsinChinesepaintingsarealess,directcopyofthenaturalworld,②________

comparisontoWesternpaintings.Actually,theChinesepaintingaimstodemonstratea(3)

(harmony)relationbetweenthenaturalworldandhumanemotion.

WhatChinesepainterswouldliketoproduceintheirpaintingsisnotavisualeffectof

colorsandpatternsthatWesternpainterstend④(achieve).Thedescriptionof

objectsinChinesepaintingsisbynomeansaccuratebecausefewpainters⑤

(concern)abouttheirexactsizeorshape.Whattheywanttoseekisaspiritualworldintheir

mind⑥natureprovidesexactlybasicelements.ThisishowChinesepaintersview

nature.Remotemountainsandrunningstreams⑦(be)theprimarymaterialsof

theirthinkingandcreatingsinceancienttimes.Chineseartistsoftensaythattheartistsfirst

needtohaveathoroughanddeepunderstandingofthenatural⑧(exist)before

drawing.

WithalonghistoryofChina,generationsofChinesepaintersexpressthoughtsonthe

materialworldthroughthisuniqueartformandleaveavaluabletreasuretotheChinese.

Nowadays,theChinesepainting,as⑨importantpartofglobalculture,hasbecome

increasinglyattractiveacrosstheworld,⑩(enjoy)greatpopularityathomeand

abroad.

五、書面表達

33.假定你是李華，你校下周將舉行英語藝術(shù)節(jié)匯報演出。請你給目前在你校學(xué)習(xí)的

交換生David寫一封郵件，邀請他擔(dān)任主持人，內(nèi)容包括：

1.活動時間、地點；

2.活動安排；

3.期盼參加

注意：

L寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

DearDavid,

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

六、讀后續(xù)寫

34.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短

文。

KevinandIwerefriendsintheelementaryschool.Ashonorstudents,bothofussatin

thefrontoftheclass,butinoppositesides.HewasthesmartestboyI'deverknown,who

almostalwaysgotstraightA'sinstudy.Actually,Iwassecondonlytohim.Partofmewanted

tohatehim,butIcouldn't.Afterall,wewereclosecompanions.Instead,Ienviedhimand

longedwithallmyhearttobejustlikehim.

Mrs.Becker,ourteacher,wasapatient,kindoldlady.Shewouldflashapleasantsmile,

whentheclassgotintoanargument,andpatientlyguideustowardthecorrectanswer.Last

week,Mrs.Becker,putabigcircleontheblackboardandsaiditwasapizzapie."David,“

shesaidtome,“IfIweretodividethepizza,wouldyoulikeone-thirdorone-tenth?”.Tenis

thebiggernumber,sothafswhatIpicked.Atthatmoment,Kevinstartedwavinghishandin

theair,shoutingthathechoseone-third.Mrs.Beckerdrewlinesonthecircle,showingthat

Kevin'spieceofthepiewasbiggerthanmine.“David'sgonnagethungry,"Kevinjoked.

Thenthewholeclasswaslaughing.Myexpressionchangedfromahalfsmile,toahalffrown,

toonehundredpercentunhappyface.

Withamixtureofbitternessandenvyslippingintomyheart,Ibegantoarguewithhim

onpurposeduringtherestofclass.Thus,aheatedargumentunavoidablybrokeoutwhena

controversialtopicappeared.Afterhearingourseparatestatementspatiently,Mrs.Becker

broughtusuptothefrontoftheclassandplacedKevinononesideofherdeskandmeonthe

other.Inthemiddleofherdeskwasalarge,roundobject.Icouldclearlyseethatitwasblack.

SheaskedKevinwhatcolortheobjectwas."White,“heanswered.Icouldn'tbelievehesaid

theobjectwaswhite,whenitwasobviouslyblack!

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Anotherargumentstartedbetweenus,butthistimeaboutthecoloroftheobject.

Then,Mrs.Beckeraskeduswhatthecoloroftheobjectwas,afterwechangedplaces.

參考答案

1.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)SanchoBeach部分中“butitisdifficulttoaccess.Itcanonlybe

reachedbyboatorbyclimbingdowntherockyhillsidesoneachend（但它很難進入。它只

能乘船或從兩端的巖石山坡上爬下來才能到達）”可知，只能乘船或從兩端的巖石山坡

上爬下來才能進入Sancho海灘，由此推測是因其位置獨特而難以進入，故選B。

2.答案：B

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VichayitoBeach部分中“Justashortdistancefromthe

waterfronttownofMancora,thislovelybeachisoftenquietandpeaceful,offeringsomenice

shallowwatertoswiminforlittleones.（距離海濱小鎮(zhèn)曼科拉不遠，這個可愛的海灘通常

是安靜祥和的，為孩子們提供了一些漂亮的淺水區(qū)）”可知，Vichayito海灘最適合年幼

的孩子游泳，故選B。

3.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)CopacabanaBeach部分中“buttherearegoodspotsforsurfing

andwindsurfing.Variouswateractivitiesmakeitagreatbeach（但有沖浪和帆板運動的好地

方。各種水上活動使它成為一個很棒的海灘）”和JericoacoaraBeach部分中“Locatednear

thecitycenter,thisbeachisverypopularamongsurfersthankstoitsgreatwaves.（這個海灘

位于市中心附近，因其巨大的海浪而受到?jīng)_浪者的歡迎）”可知，兩者的共同點是都有

水上運動；由此推知，它們對喜歡水上運動的人很有吸引力，故選A。

4.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“LeargrewupinanordinaryfamilyinConnecticut,

whereanunexpectedaccidentbroughtabouthisfather'sbusinesscollapse.Sohehadtodrop

outofcollegeandjoinedthearmy.Inhislate20s,hemovedtoLosAngeleswherehe

struggledhardforseveralyears,sellingfurnituredoortodoor.（Lear在康涅狄格外I的——個普

通家庭長大，一場意外事故導(dǎo)致他父親的生意破產(chǎn)。所以他不得不從大學(xué)退學(xué)去參

軍。在他快三十歲的時候，他搬到了洛杉磯，在那里他努力奮斗了幾年，挨家挨戶地

賣家具）”可知，Lear成長于普通家庭，因父親生意破產(chǎn)而從大學(xué)退學(xué)去參軍，快三十

歲時得靠著賣家具努力掙錢。由此可知，他二十多歲時過著充滿挑戰(zhàn)的生活。故選A

項。

5.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Wheninterviewedaboutthehitofhisshows,Learsaid,

“Ourteamreadtwoorthreenewspapersaday,paidalotofattentiontoourfamilies,and

cameintotalkabouteverythingthatwasaffectingusinourdailylives.5,（在被采訪至U他的

節(jié)目大受歡迎時，Lear說：“我們的團隊每天讀兩三份報紙，非常關(guān)注我們的家庭，并

討論影響我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹囊磺惺虑??！睉艨芍琇ear的節(jié)目創(chuàng)作團隊關(guān)注報紙上的新

聞、自己的家庭、日常生活中的一切。由此可知，他的節(jié)目反映了真實的日常生活，

這一點有助于節(jié)目的成功。故選A項。

6.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段MartyKaplan所說的話“Routinely,Lear'sshows

mightgetfiftyorsixtymillionviewers.Hewasindirectcontactwiththelivingroomsand

familiesofthecountry（Lear的節(jié)目通常會吸引五六千萬觀眾。他與這個國家的客廳和

家庭直接接觸）”可知，Lear創(chuàng)作的節(jié)目觀眾非常多，他與觀眾建立了緊密的聯(lián)系。由

此推知，Lear因節(jié)目而廣受歡迎。故選B項。

7.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“NormanLear,ageniusproducerand

screenwriter,passedawayonTuesdayinLosAngelesattheageof101.（天才制片人和編劇

NormanLear周二在洛杉磯去世，享年101歲）”可知，文章主要報道了天才制片人和編

劇NormanLear去世的消息，并以此簡要回顧了他的生平經(jīng)歷，介紹了他創(chuàng)作的喜劇

所取得的巨大成功。因此，文章應(yīng)該出自新聞報道。故選D項。

8.答案：D

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Evenifyourbodysuccessfullyfightsagainstthe

viruses,withtheirabilitytoevolverapidly,yourbodymayhavenoprotectionorimmunity

fromthenewones.（即使你的身體成功地對抗了病毒，由于病毒的快速進化能力，你的

身體可能對新病毒沒有保護或免疫力）”可知，流感對免疫系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成威脅是因為病毒能

快速進化，很難跟上病毒進化的步伐。故選D。

9.答案：B

解析：詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Yourbodycandetectinvadingmicrobesinyour

bloodstreambecausetheycarryantigensintheirproteins.（你的身體可以檢測到血液中的入

侵微生物，因為它們的蛋白質(zhì)中攜帶著antigens）”可知，身體可以檢測到血液中的入侵

微生物，是因為微生物的蛋白質(zhì)中攜帶者antigens。由此推知，antigens是作為病毒指

示物的物質(zhì)，故選B。

10.答案：C

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Fortunately,medicalscientistshavedeveloped

vaccines（疫苗）,whichareweakenedordeadfluvirusesthatenteraperson'sbodybeforethe

persongetssick.Thesevirusescausethebodytoproduceantibodiestoattackanddestroythe

strongvirusesthatmayinvadeduringfluseason.（幸運的是，醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)家已經(jīng)開發(fā)出疫

苗，這種疫苗是弱化或死亡的流感病毒，在人生病之前進入人體。這些病毒使身體產(chǎn)

生抗體，攻擊和摧毀可能在流感季節(jié)入侵的強病毒）”可知，疫苗是弱化或死亡的流感

病毒，幫助身體產(chǎn)生抗體來消滅病毒，故選C。

11.答案：D

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段中“Thehumanbodypossessesan

efficientdefensesystemtobattlewithfluviruses.（人體擁有對抗流感病毒的有效防御系

統(tǒng)）”可知，文章主要介紹了人體如何對抗流感病毒。由此可知，D項“人體對抗流感病

毒”為最佳標(biāo)題，故選D。

12.答案：B

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Ontheoutside,theymaylooklikeawheel,

equippedwithsolarpanelsorsails.Inside,thesatellitescontainmission-specificscientific

instruments,whichincludewhatevertoolsthesatellitesneedtoperformtheirwork.（在夕卜

面，它們可能看起來像一個輪子，配備了太陽能電池板或帆。衛(wèi)星內(nèi)部裝有特定任務(wù)

的科學(xué)儀器，其中包括衛(wèi)星執(zhí)行工作所需的任何工具）”可知，文章第二段主要講的是

人造衛(wèi)星的組成部分。故選B項。

13.答案：D

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Computersfunctionasthesatellite'sbrain,which

receiveinformation,interpretit,andsendmessagesbacktotheearth.（計算機就像衛(wèi)星的大

腦一樣，接收信息，解釋信息，并將信息發(fā)回地球）”可知，計算機在人造衛(wèi)星中的作

用是處理接收到的信息。故選D項。

14.答案：C

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Artificialsatellitesusegravitytostayintheir

orbits.Earth'sgravitypullseverythingtowardthecenteroftheplanet.Tostayintheearth's

orbit,thespeedofasatellitemustadjusttothetiniestchangesinthepullofgravity.（人造衛(wèi)

星利用重力保持在軌道上。地球的引力把所有東西都拉向地球的中心。為了保持在地

球軌道上運行，衛(wèi)星的速度必須根據(jù)引力最微小的變化進行調(diào)整）”可知，人造衛(wèi)星是

通過在重力的作用下不斷改變速度保持在軌道上的。故選C項。

15.答案：C

解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theclosertotheearth,thestrongerthegravityis.

Therefore,thesesatellitesmusttravelatabout17,000milesperhourtokeepfromfalling

backtotheearth,whilehigher-orbitingsatellitescantravelmoreslowly.（離地球越近，引力

就越強。因此，這些衛(wèi)星必須以每小時17000英里的速度運行，以防止落回地球，而

軌道較高的衛(wèi)星運行速度更慢）”可知，高地球軌道上的衛(wèi)星運行速度較慢是因為它們

在高軌道上的引力較弱。故選C項。

16.答案：DBFGC

解析：①根據(jù)上文“Buthurdlesareboundtocomeuponthewaytosuccess,discouraging

youfromyourgoal."（但是，在通往成功的道路上必然會遇到障礙，阻礙你實現(xiàn)目

標(biāo)。）以及下文“Herearesomewaysthatmayhelpyoutobediligentandwriteyourown

successstory."（這里有一些方法可以幫助你變得勤奮，讓你書寫自己的成功故事。）

可知，這里缺少一個承上啟下的句子。D項中的them指代前文中的hurdles,然后句中

又指出只有diligent可以克服這些障礙，剛好起著承上啟下的作用。D.Infact,only

thosewhoarediligentcanovercomethem.（事實上，只有那些勤奮的人才能克服它

們。）符合語境。故選D項。

②根據(jù)上文“Firstofall,havingaclearvisionisessentialtobediligentinlife.Ifyouarenot

clearaboutwhatyouwanttoachieveinlife,youwilllosedirection,motivationand

enthusiasmin（首先，在生活中，有一個清晰愿景是勤奮必不可少的因素。如

果你不清楚自己想要在生活中實現(xiàn)什么，你就會失去生活的方向、動力和熱情。）可

知，首先要有個明確的目標(biāo)，才有勤奮努力的方向。B項中的Ontheotherhand與上文

形成對比，ifyouare省略了clearaboutwhatyouwanttoachieveinlifeo所以B.Onthe

otherhand,ifyouare,youwillstaydiligent.（相反，如果清楚自己想要在生活中實現(xiàn)

什，你會保持勤奮。）符合語境。故選B項。

③根據(jù)下文“Properplanningenablesustoturnmostofthegoalsintorealitywithoutregrets

inlaterpartoflife.Havingaplaninadvance,though,doesnotmeanthatyouhavetoplan

fromstarttofinish.Itmeansyoushouldknowinwhichdirectionyouareheading.^^（適當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

計劃能讓我們把大部分的目標(biāo)變成現(xiàn)實，在以后的生活中沒有遺憾。提前制定計劃并

不意味著你必須從頭到尾都計劃好。這意味著你應(yīng)該知道你要朝哪個方向前進。）可

知，空格處為總寫句，指出提前做個計劃非常重要。F項Itisofthesameimportanceto

haveaspecificplanbeforehand.（事先有一個具體的計劃也是同樣重要的。）符合語

境。故選F項。

④根據(jù)上文“Moreover,excusesarenotgoingtokeepyouawayfromregretsinyourlater

life.Ifyoudelaydiligencebecauseofyourfamilyresponsibility,itsimplymeansyourgoals

arenotinyourprioritylist,whichiswhyexcusesarecoming.^^（止匕夕卜，借口并不能讓你在

以后的生活中遠離遺憾。如果你因為家庭責(zé)任而推遲了勤奮，這僅僅意味著你的目標(biāo)

不在你的優(yōu)先列表中，這也由此產(chǎn)生了借口。）可知，借口是成功路上的絆腳石，所

以空格處為這一段的總結(jié)，告訴人們在追求成功的路上不要找借口。G.Sofollowyour

dreamswithnoexcusetoliveahappyandsuccessfullife.（所以，追隨你的夢想吧，不要

找借口，去過幸福成功的生活。）符合語境。故選G項。

⑤根據(jù)下文“Otherwise,youmightunconsciouslydevelopthehabitofnotbeingserious

aboutbiggertasksaswell.^^（否則，你可能會無意識地養(yǎng)成不認真對待大任務(wù)的習(xí)

慣。）句中Otherwise表示否則，C項中的small和下文的bigger形成鮮明的對比。C.

Youneedtopracticediligenceevenforthesmallesttask.（你需要練習(xí)勤奮，即使是最小

的任務(wù)。）符合語境。故選C項。

17.答案：B

解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我媽媽喜歡邀請別人來過感恩節(jié)。在我的家人遠離

所有親戚之后，媽媽開始隨意邀請別人來家里過節(jié)一主要是那些沒有地方去過感恩節(jié)

的人。A.colleagues同事；B.relatives親戚；C.neighbours鄰居;D.strangers陌生人。

根據(jù)前文“myfamilymovedfarawayfromallour”可知，作者一家搬離了所有的親戚。

故選B項。

18.答案：B

解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我媽媽喜歡邀請別人來過感恩節(jié)。在我的家人遠

離所有親戚之后，媽媽開始隨意邀請別人來家里過節(jié)一主要是那些沒有地方去過感恩

節(jié)的人。A.close靠近的；B.random隨意的；C.specific具體的；D.favorite最喜歡

的。根據(jù)后文“whoeverhadnowhereelsetogofor