福建省福州市福清市2023-2024學(xué)年高二年級上冊期末聯(lián)考英語試題

20232024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期高二年期末質(zhì)量檢測

英語學(xué)科試卷

（全卷共10頁，完卷時間120分鐘，滿分150分）

第I卷

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題L5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，

并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一

小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.WhenisMary'sbirthday?

A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnWednesday.

2.Howdidthewomangettoworktoday?

A.Bytaxi.B.Bybike.C.Bybus.

3.Whatdidthemandoduringhisholiday?

A.Hewalkedalongthebeach.

B.Heswamintheocean.

C.Hewentfishing.

4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Janice'sarminjury.B.Theirmessyhouse.C.Acaraccident.

5.WhattypeoffilmisTheOutfit?

A.edy.B.Sciencefiction.C.Crimefilm.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題L5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中

選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每

小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.WhoisCindy?

A.Ateacher.B.Astudent.C.Anenvironmentalexpert.

7.WhatdoesCindyworrymostaboutthefuturepublictransport?

A.Theeffectontheenvironment.

B.Thearrivalanddeparturetime.

C.Thehighcostonit.

聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。

8.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Inapostoffice.B.Inasouvenirshop.C.Inaworkshop.

9.Whatwillthemansendtohissister?

A.Somevases.B.Somekeyrings.C.Someshellcrafts.

10Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?

A.Paybycash.B.Fillinaform.C.Giveherabusinesscard.

聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。

11.WhatisTomdoing?

A.Makingaposter.

B.Findingaparkingspace.

C.Attendingademonstration.

12.Whatisthepurposeofthedemonstration?

A.Togetanewmarket.

B.TotellpeoplewhatSpacePartyis.

C.Topreventthegovernmentfrombuildingacarpark.

13.WhatwillJanedo?

A.WatchTV.B.Goshopping.C.Playvolleyball.

聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。

14.Whywasthemanontheroofyesterday?

A.Tocoolhimself.B.Torepairit.C.Toputsomethingonit.

15.Howdoesthewomanexaminetheman?

A.ByhavinganXray.

B.Bytakinghistemperature.

C.Bylookingathisthroatandear.

16.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?

A.Domoreexercise.B.Getsomerest.C.Drinkmorewater.

17.Howoftenshouldthemantakepills?

A.Threetimesaday.B.Twiceaday.C.Onceaday.

聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。

18.Whichroadwillstayclosedforoveranhour?

A.M16.B.M43.C.M48.

19.WhyisNorthStreetclosedtoallcars?

A.Thesnowisthick.B.Itisunderrepair.C.There9sanaccident.

20.Howcanpassengersgetthelatestinformationabouttrains?

A.Bymakingacall.B.Byvisitingawebsite.C.Bylisteningtotheradio.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A,B,C,D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將

該項涂黑。

A

Mostpeopleagreethateatinghealthyfoodisimportant.Butsometimesmakinggoodfoodchoicescanbe

tough.Now,thereareappsthatcanhelppeoplelearnaboutthefoodtheyeattoimprovetheirdiets.

OpenTable

OpenTablehelpspeoplechooserestaurantswhentheywanttogoouttoeat.OpenTableisafreeservicethat

showsusersrestaurantavailabilitybasedonwhereandwhentheywanttodine.OpenTableuserscanalsomake

reservationsdirectlythroughtheapporwebsite.

Epicurious

Epicuriousisafreeappandwebsitetohelpusersfindrecipesandbeebettercooks.Theapphasmorethan

30,000recipesandcancreateashoppinglistbasedontheingredients（原料）inarecipe.Theappratesrecipesfor

popularityandotherqualitiesandinformusersaboutvegetablesinseasonindifferentareas.

HappyCow

TheHappyCowappismadefreelyforVegetarians.Userscansearchforvegetarianrestaurantsandstores

aroundtheworld.TheHappyCowappisbasedontheHappyCowwebsitewhereuserscandiscoverplaces

nearbyorsearchusingkeywords.

LocalEats

Restaurantchains,likeMcDonalds,canbefoundalmostanywhereapersonmighttravel.Butsometimes

touristswanttoeatlikelocals.ThewebsiteandappLocalEatsisdesignedforthat,whichcanhelpyoufindlocal

restaurantsinmajorcitiesintheUSandinothercountries.

1.Whichappcanhelppeoplebookatableforamealinadvance?

A.OpenTable.B.LocalEats.C.Epicurious.D.HappyCow.

2.WhomightbeinterestedintheappLocalEats?

A.Appdesigners.B.Travelers.C.Vegetarians.D.Chefs.

3.Thistextintroducestheseappstohelppeopleto.

A.savemoneyB.bebettercooksC.eatbetterD.makegoodfood

【答案】l.A2.B3.C

【解析】

【分析】本文是說明文。大多數(shù)人都想吃的健康，但是有時候選擇好食物很難，而本文就給讀者介紹了幾

個幫助了解健康飲食的應(yīng)用軟件。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)OpenTable中的OpenTableuserscanalsomakereservationsdirectlythroughtheappor

website.（OpenTable用戶也可以直接通過app或網(wǎng)站進(jìn)行預(yù)訂）可知，這一軟件可以幫助人們提前預(yù)定飯

菜。故選A。

【2題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)LocalEats中的Restaurantchains,likeMcDonalds,canbefoundalmostanywhereaperson

mighttravel.Butsometimestouristswanttoeatlikelocals.（連鎖餐廳，就像麥當(dāng)勞一樣，幾乎可以在任何一個

人可能去的地方找到。但有時游客想像當(dāng)?shù)厝艘粯映燥垼┛赏茢啵@一軟件適合旅游者們。故選B。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第~■段thereareappsthatcanhelppeoplelearnaboutthefoodtheyeattoimprovetheir

diets.（有一些應(yīng)用程序可以幫助人們了解他們吃的食物，以改善他們的飲食）可知，文章介紹這幾個軟件是

為了提高人們的飲食，使飲食更健康。故選C。

【點睛】推理判斷題的解題方法：推理判斷題不僅要求考生讀懂文章中的每個句子的意思還要推理它們之

間的關(guān)系，結(jié)合自己的生活常識和經(jīng)驗，再通過邏輯推理和判斷，理解文章的言外之意，從而揭示文章的

深層涵義。例如小題3,根據(jù)第一段thereareappsthatcanhelppeoplelearnaboutthefoodtheyeattoimprove

theirdiets.（有一些應(yīng)用程序可以幫助人們了解他們吃的食物，以改善他們的飲食）可知，文章介紹這幾個軟

件是為了提高人們的飲食，使飲食更健康。故選C。推理判斷題的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推

理時我們務(wù)必要忠于原文，在文章中尋找并確定可推論的依據(jù)，即：已知部分——推論的前提，從中推測

出未知部分一推理的結(jié)論，切忌妄加評論，把自己的觀點當(dāng)成作者的觀點。

Asakid,IwasalwaysaroundanimalsandIalwaysenjoyedit.Aftermysenioryearofhighschool,westarted

rentingthisfarm.ThenIwentawaytoRhodeIslandSchoolofDesigntobeeanarchitect.Afterabouttwoyearsand

ahalf,IfoundthatwasnotquitewhatIwantedtodo.IfeltIwantedtobeanarchitectandhaveahobbyfarm.But

whynotjusthaveafarmandmakeitmycareer?

Ifsanexcitingbusiness.Ithinkalotofpeopledon'trealizewhat'sinvolvedwithdairyfarming（奶牛業(yè)）.We

tooksometripstosomeprogressivefarmsoutinNewYorkwhenwefirststarted.Anditreallychangedmyattitude

ofwhatyoucando.Youcanbeasuccessfulbusinesspersonwithalotofchallenges.Andthosechallengesarepart

ofwhatmakesitveryexciting——it'snotjustmilkingcows.There'snutritionandfinancesandalotofbigdaytoday

decisions.

Well,landisthebiggestobstacle.Securingenoughlandisimportant.Wedon'tjustneedthelandfortheanimals;

wealsoneedittodistributethemanurefromthecows.Andthere5sarealbalance,arealrecycling.Youtakethefeed;

yougiveittothecows,andthecowsgiveyoumilk,buttheyalsogiveyoualotofmanure.Andthebestthingtodo

isputtingitbackontheland.Youneed2acrespercowbasically,acowanditscalf.

Thelandthatwerentisbeautifulandthelandthatweownisbeautiful.Ifyougethalfamileofftheroadand

lookingbackatsceneryacrossthevalley,it'simpressive.Yougettherowsofgrassandthecowsinthedistance.

4.Whichofthefollowingisincludedinthedairyfarmingaccordingtothetext?

A.Designingforthedairyfarming.

B.Playingwiththecowsaroundthefarm.

C.Takingtripsaroundthefarmtoenjoylife.

D.Milkingcows,nutrition,financesanddecisions.

5.Whafsthebiggestchallengethattheauthorfaced?

A.Hugeamountsofmoney.B.Securingenoughland.

C.Highlyqualifiedmilkcows.D.Quantitiesofworkers.

6.WhafsthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinParagraph3?

A.Milkfromthecows.B.Chemicalfertilizers.

C.Wasteofthecows.D.Foodofferedtocows.

7.Whichoneisthebesttitleforthistext?

A.BuildingaSuccessfulDairyBusiness

B.FamousFarmersAroundtheWorld

C.HighlyQualifiedMilkCows

D.TheArchitectureDesigner

【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者從事奶牛農(nóng)場經(jīng)營的經(jīng)歷。作者喜歡動物，打算把經(jīng)營

農(nóng)場作為自己的事業(yè)，文章也講述了他在奶牛農(nóng)場經(jīng)營中遇到的挑戰(zhàn)。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Andthosechallengesarepartofwhatmakesitveryexciting—ifsnotjustmilking

cows.There'snutritionandfinancesandalotofbigdaytodaydecisions.（這些挑戰(zhàn)是令人興奮的部分原因---這

不僅僅是擠奶。有營養(yǎng)和財務(wù)以及許多重大的日常決策）”可知，根據(jù)文章，奶牛養(yǎng)殖包括擠奶、營養(yǎng)、財

務(wù)和日常決策。故選D。

[5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中"Well,landisthebiggestobstacle.Securingenoughlandisimportant.（好吧，

土地是最大的障礙。確保足夠的土地很重要）”可知，作者面臨的最大挑戰(zhàn)是確保有足夠的土地，故選B。

【6題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在句子"Wedon'tjustneedthelandfortheanimals;wealsoneedittodistribute

themanurefromthecows.（我們不僅需要為動物提供土地；我們還需要它來分配奶牛的manure）”和下文

“Andthere'sarealbalance,arealrecycling.Youtakethefeed;yougiveittothecows,andthecowsgiveyou

milk,buttheyalsogiveyoualotofmanure.（這是真正的平衡,真正的回收。你接受飼料；你把它給奶牛，奶

牛給你牛奶，但它們也給你很多manure）”以及常識可知，奶牛不僅產(chǎn)奶，而且還會產(chǎn)生大量糞便，糞便

被回收，作為土地的營養(yǎng)，由此可推知，劃線單詞意為“糞便”，與C項“牛的糞便?！币馑家粯樱蔬x

C?

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段"It'sanexcitingbusiness.Ithinkalotofpeopledon'trealizewhat's

involvedwithdairyfarming（奶牛業(yè)）.WetooksometripstosomeprogressivefarmsoutinNewYorkwhenwe

firststarted.Anditreallychangedmyattitudeofwhatyoucando.Youcanbeasuccessfulbusinesspersonwitha

lotofchallenges.Andthosechallengesarepartofwhatmakesitveryexciting——it'snotjustmilkingcows.There's

nutritionandfinancesandalotofbigdaytodaydecisions」這是一項令人興奮的事業(yè)。我認(rèn)為很多人不了解奶

牛業(yè)涉及什么。剛開始時，我們?nèi)チ思~約的一些先進(jìn)農(nóng)場。這確實改變了我對你能做什么的態(tài)度。你可以

成為一名成功的商人，同時面臨很多挑戰(zhàn)。這些挑戰(zhàn)是令人興奮的部分原因一這不僅僅是擠奶，且關(guān)于

營養(yǎng)和財務(wù)以及許多重大的日常決策）”可知，文章主要介紹了作者成功建立乳品企業(yè)的經(jīng)歷，A項“建立

成功的乳制品企業(yè)”適合作文章標(biāo)題，故選A。

C

WhenIwassmall,mymotherandIwouldwalktoourlocallibraryinFranklinSquare.Aswedidn'talways

haveaccesstoareliablecar,walkinghandinhandwasthemostconvenientwaytogetanywhere.Itwasatstorytime

forchildrenthatbothmymotherandImadelastingfriendships.

Today,IamfortunatetolivearoundthecornerfromtheGoldCoastPublicLibraryinGlenHeadandashort

walktotheSeaCliffChildren'sLibrary.My18montholdson,Colin,andIfindourselvesinSeaCliffseveraltimesa

week,meetingandmakingfriends.Well,thatiswhatmanypeopledon'tunderstand-alibraryismorethanbooks;

ifsamunity.

Sure,thelibraryinFranklinSquarewastheplacewhereIwasintroducedtoJudyBlumenovels.Butitwasalso

theplacewhereIgotmyfirstemailaddressin1997.Atthelibrary,friendsandIlearnedhowtoresearchcolleges

andsearchforscholarshipsontheInternet.Thelibrarywastheplacewherewesometimesgiggled（咯咯地笑）too

loudly,andwherethelibrariansknewusbyname.Theirknowingournameswasn'tabadthing.WhenIcamehome

frommyfirsttermatBinghamtonUniversity,MaryLaRosa,thelibrarianattheFranklinSquarelibraryofferedme

myfirstteachingjob.

InowteachreadingatNassaumunityCollege.Mystudentsareoftenamazedthattheycancheckoutbooksvia

theirsmartphonesandvirtuallyvisitavarietyofLongIslandlibraries.TheappusedbyNassauandSuffolkcounty

publiclibraries,aswellasthecollegelibrary,makestheirhomeworkeasierbyhelpingthemfindresources.Even

thoughtheycan'talwayseasilyvisittheirlocallibraries,thelibraryisalwayswiththem.

8.Whydoestheauthorconsiderherselfluckytoday?

A.Shehasbeehermother'sbestfriend.

B.Shehasaccesstoareliablecarnow.

C.Shecanmeetfriendsatthelibrary.

D.Shelivesclosetolibraries.

9.Whatdidtheauthordoatthelibraryaccordingtothepassage?

A.Shetoldstoriestohermother.B.SheinitiallyreadJudyBlumenovels.

C.Shegothercurrentteachingjob.D.Shelearnedhowtogoonline.

10.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetoherstudents9wayofvisitinglibraries?

A.Cautious.B.Ambiguous.C.Favourable.D.Disapproving.

11.Whydoestheauthorwritethetext?

A.Toexpresshowlibrarieschange.

B.Tointroduceherfavouritelibraries.

C.Toexpressherdeepconcernforlibraries.

D.Todiscusswhylibrariesareimportant.

【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了從作者小時候到成家生子再到工作教書這一路上圖書館的變化。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Today,IamfortunatetolivearoundthecornerfromtheGoldCoastPublic

LibraryinGlenHeadandashortwalktotheSeaCliffChildren'sLibrary.（今天，我很幸運(yùn)地住在格倫黑德黃金

海岸公共圖書館的拐角處，步行不遠(yuǎn)就能到達(dá)海崖兒童圖書館）”可知，作者認(rèn)為自己很幸運(yùn)是因為她住得

離圖書館很近。故選D。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Sure,thelibraryinFranklinSquarewastheplacewhereIwasintroducedto

JudyBlumenovels.（當(dāng)然，富蘭克林廣場的圖書館是我初次了解朱迪?布魯姆小說的地方）”可知，作者最

初在圖書館讀到了朱迪?布魯姆的小說。故選B。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Mystudentsareoftenamazedthattheycancheckoutbooksviatheir

smartphonesandvirtuallyvisitavarietyofLongIslandlibraries.TheappusedbyNassauandSuffolkcounty

publiclibraries,aswellasthecollegelibrary,makestheirhomeworkeasierbyhelpingthemfindresources.Even

thoughtheycan'talwayseasilyvisittheirlocallibraries,thelibraryisalwayswiththem.（我的學(xué)生們經(jīng)常感到驚

訝的是，他們可以通過智能借書，還可以參觀長島的各種圖書館。拿騷縣和薩?？丝h公共圖書館以及

大學(xué)圖書館使用的應(yīng)用程序通過幫助他們查找資源，使他們的家庭作業(yè)更容易。盡管他們不能總是容易地

參觀當(dāng)?shù)氐膱D書館，但圖書館總是與他們同在）”可知，學(xué)生可以使用圖書館的應(yīng)用程序查找資源，幫助做

家庭作業(yè)，雖然學(xué)生不能總是容易地去當(dāng)?shù)氐膱D書館，但可以通過訪問虛擬圖書館來獲取想要的資源。由

此可推測出，作者對學(xué)生們訪問虛擬圖書館的方式是支持的。故選C。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。第一段講述了作者小時候和媽媽一起去圖書館，作者和母親在給兒童講故事的時候建立了持

久的友誼；第二段講述了作者和兒子經(jīng)常去圖書館見朋友和交朋友，圖書館是一個社區(qū)；第三段講述了作

者在圖書館里閱讀小說、注冊了電子郵箱、在網(wǎng)上查閱資料，這里是作者和朋友歡聚的地方，并且作者他

們與那里的圖書館管理員建立了良好的關(guān)系；最后一段講述了作者在大學(xué)教書時學(xué)生們能夠非常便利地訪

問虛擬圖書館。由此可推測出，本文主要講述了從作者小時候到成家生子再到工作教書這一路上圖書館的

變化。故選A。

D

It'snosecretthatinhaling（吸入）smokeisbadforyourlungs.Butnow,scientistsaresuggestingsmokemay

alsocarryandspreadinfectiousdiseases.Thetheory,publishedinScienceMagazine,isbasedontheresearchthat

foundwildfiresmokeisfullofthousandsofspeciesofmicroorganisms（微生物）.Someofthesemicroorganisms,

includingbacteriaandfungalspores（真菌抱子）.areknowntocausedisease.

Thenewresearchsuggeststhatwhenawildfirebumsplantsoranimalmatteranddisturbssoils,itexposes

thousandsofspeciesofbacteriaandfungithatotherwisemightnoteasilybeeairborne.Youmightthinkthehigh

heatfromfirewouldkilltheseorganisms,butonestudymentionedinthearticlefoundthatsomebacteriaeven

multiplyafterfires.Scientistssaytheorganismsstickwithsmokeparticulates（顆粒物），allowingthemtotravel

thousandsofmilesacrosscontinents.

Dr.PeterChen,directoroftheDivisionofPulmonaryandCriticalCareMedicineatCedarsSinaiMedical

CenterinLosAngeles,isinterestedinthetheorybutsomewhatskepticalthatthemicroorganismsinsmokewould

actuallycauseinfections.Manybacteriaandfungidon'tcauselunginfections,saysChen,butit'scertainlypossible

thatasignificantnumbercouldworsensymptomsinsomeonewithapreexistinglungcondition."Ialwaysthought

itwastheparticulatesinsmokethatwerecausingtheseissues,"saysChen."ButwhenIreadthis,Istartedthinking,

coulditbethemicroorganismsthatarealsoworseningexistingillnesses?"

Whetherthemicroorganismsinsmokeactuallycauseinfectionsorsimplyworsenpotentialrespiratory（呼吸

的）issues,thearticleraisesanewhealththreatthatis"certainlyalarming",saysKelseyJack,anassociateprofessor

ofenvironmentalanddevelopmenteconomics.Thisisespeciallytrueforlowerinepopulations,Jacksays,because

peoplewithfewerprotectivemeansareoftenmoreexposedtotheenvironment.Ifsmokeisaffectingtheairquality

inacertainarea,thepeoplewhoworkoutside,orwhohavetogototheofficeonfootorbybikewillinhalemore

smokethanthosewhodrive.

Butuntilmoreresearchisdone,Chensaysthebestthingpeoplecandoisjustfollowexistingremendations

whenairqualityispoorincludingstayingindoors,keepingwindowsanddoorsclosed,usingHEPAfiltersand

runningairconditioning.

12.WhatcanweknowaboutthemicroorganismsfromParagraph2?

A.Somecouldreproduceafterfires.

B.Theycouldbekilledbyhighheat.

C.Theycouldpossiblytravelthroughairbythemselves.

D.Somecouldcopythesmokeparticulates.

13.HowdomostmicroorganismsaffectpeopleaccordingtoDr.PeterChen?

A.Theywillcauselunginfection.B.Theymightworsenlungdiseases.

CTheywilldestroylivingenvironments.D.Theymightdamagerespiratorysystems.

14.WhyarelowerinepeoplesufferingmorethanothersaccordingtoKelseyJack?

A.Theyliveinpoorareas.B.Theydrivetoandfromwork-

C.Theyhavesufferedfromlungdisease.D.Theyareexposedtopollutedairmorefrequently.

15.WhatdoesChenadvisepeopletodointhelastparagraph?

A.Towaitfortheresultsofmoreresearches.

B.Toignoretheairqualityandtoworkoutoutdoors.

C.Tofollowprevioussuggestionsondealingwithpoorairquality.

D.Toavoidusingfiltersandairconditioning.

【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇說明文?？茖W(xué)家們認(rèn)為煙霧也可能攜帶和傳播傳染病。發(fā)表在《科學(xué)》雜志上的這一

理論基于一項研究，該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)野火煙霧中充滿了數(shù)千種微生物。其中一些微生物會引起疾病。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Youmightthinkthehighheatfromfirewouldkilltheseorganisms,butone

studymentionedinthearticlefoundthatsomebacteriaevenmultiplyafterfires.^^（你可能認(rèn)為大火的高溫會殺

死這些生物，但文章中提到的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，一些細(xì)菌在火災(zāi)后甚至?xí)敝?。）可知，從第二段我們可?/p>

了解到有些微生物在火災(zāi)后還能再生。故選A。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Manybacteriaandfungidon'tcauselunginfections,saysChen,butit'scertainly

possiblethatasignificantnumbercouldworsensymptomsinsomeonewithapreexistinglungcondition.^^（陳教

授說，許多細(xì)菌和真菌不會引起肺部感染，但有相當(dāng)數(shù)量的細(xì)菌和真菌可能會使已有肺部疾病的人的癥狀

惡化。）可知，陳彼得博士認(rèn)為大多數(shù)微生物可能會加重肺部疾病。故選B。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的"Thisisespeciallytrueforlowerinepopulations,Jacksays,becausepeoplewith

fewerprotectivemeansareoftenmoreexposedtotheenvironment.^^（這對低收入人群來說尤其如此，杰克

說，因為保護(hù)手段較少的人往往更容易暴露在環(huán)境中。）可知，煙霧會傳播疾病這件事對低收入的人群有

更大的影響，是因為他們更多地直接接觸環(huán)境。故選D。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butuntilmoreresearchisdone,Chensaysthebestthingpeoplecandoisjust

followexistingremendationswhenairqualityispoorincludingstayingindoors,keepingwindowsanddoorsclosed,

usingHEPAfiltersandrunningairconditioning."（但在更多的研究完成之前，陳教授說，人們能做的最好的

事情就是在空氣質(zhì)量差的時候遵循現(xiàn)有的建議——包括待在室內(nèi)、關(guān)好門窗、使用高效空氣過濾器和開空

調(diào)。）可知，Dr.Chen在最后一段建議人們遵循現(xiàn)有的避開惡劣空氣的建議。故選C。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選

項。

DingNinghaswonmanyawardsduringhertabletenniscareer,includinganOlympicgoldmedalinwomen's

tabletennissingles.16ShehasstartedanewchapterasagraduatestudentattheDepartmentofPhysical

EducationatPekingUniversity.

Usedtobeatabletennisspecialist,Dingnowwantstobeanallrounder.Tomakethathappen,Dingplansto

broadenherstudiesandtalktolikemindedpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.17

Theworldchampionseemsalittlenervouswhenspeakingaboutherfutureacademiclifebecausesheconsiders

itachallenge.4<Ifsasifyou'dgrownupstudyingandweresuddenlyaskedtoplaytabletennis.18evenif

youmayhavecourageandenthusiasmand/viceversa”,shesaid.

Thissuddenchangeinherlifeandtheacpanyinguncertaintiesareonlypartofherchallenge-herreputation

（名聲）isanother.19Itgetshermorehelpandsupportontheonehand,butattractsattentionandhigher

expectationsontheother.

Sheisnotonetostepbackfromadversity（逆境）andhasoftensaidthatitisimportanttohaveabraveheart.

Asshefacesnewchallengesonheracademicpath,shebelievestherearealwaysmoresolutionsthanproblems.She

hopesthatinthefuture,shecanteachteenagersabouthealthyexercise.20Shealsohopesthatherchoice

togobacktocollegewillinspireyoungerathletestoexploreotherpossibilitiesafterretirementandgetgreater

opportunities.

A.Todayshegivesupbothofthem.

B.ForDing,fameisadoubleedgedsword.

C.Beinganallrounderopensupnewhorizons.

D.SheannouncedherretirementfromthegameonSep.6.

E.Thatisnotonlythroughherexperience,butalsothroughtheory.

F.Youstillcan'timaginewhatdifficultiesanathletemightexperience.

G.Shehasalsochosentostudypsychologybesidestherequiredcourses.

【答案】16.D17.G18.F19.B20.E

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了乒乓球運(yùn)動員丁寧退役后成為北大的研究生。面對新的挑戰(zhàn)，丁

寧不退縮，她希望未來能夠教青少年進(jìn)行健康的運(yùn)動，并激勵年輕的運(yùn)動員退役后探索其他的可能，獲得

更多的機(jī)會。

【16題詳解】

上文“DingNinghaswonmanyawardsduringhertabletenniscareer,includinganOlympicgoldmedalin

women'stabletennissingles.（T寧在乒乓球生涯中獲得了許多獎項，其中包括奧運(yùn)會女子乒乓球單打金

牌。）”指出丁寧在乒乓球生涯中獲得了許多獎項，TiaShehasstartedanewchapterasagraduatestudent

attheDepartmentofPhysicalEducationatPekingUniversity.（作為北京大學(xué)體育系研究生，她開啟了新的篇

章）”指出丁寧已經(jīng)開始了新的學(xué)習(xí)生活，這說明丁寧已經(jīng)退役，并開始了新的生活，D項“她于9月6日

宣布退役”符合。故選D。

【17題詳解】

上文“Tomakethathappen.Dingplanstobroadenherstudiesandtalktolikemindedpeoplefromdifferent

backgrounds（為了實現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)，丁計劃擴(kuò)大她的學(xué)習(xí)范圍，并與來自不同背景的志同道合的人交談）”指

出丁寧為了成為多面手做了很多計劃，空處承接上文，繼續(xù)介紹丁寧為了成為多面手所做的一些計劃，G

項“除了必修課外，她還選擇學(xué)習(xí)心理學(xué)”符合。故選G。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Theworldchampionseemsalittlenervouswhenspeakingaboutherfutureacademiclifebecauseshe

considersitachallenge.Ifsasifyou'dgrownupstudyingandweresuddenlyaskedtoplaytabletennis.（這位世界

冠軍在談到她未來的學(xué)術(shù)生活時似乎有點緊張，因為她認(rèn)為這是一個挑戰(zhàn)?！斑@就好像你是在學(xué)習(xí)中長大

的，突然被要求打乒乓球一'樣。"）"和下文"evenifyoumayhavecourageandenthusiasmand/viceversa（即

使您可能有勇氣和熱情，反之亦然）”可知，此處丁寧用反例說明一個運(yùn)動員退役后學(xué)習(xí)可能會面臨很多困

難，F(xiàn)項“你還是無法想象運(yùn)動員會經(jīng)歷什么困難”符合。故選F。

【19題詳解】

上文“Thissuddenchangeinherlifeandtheacpanyinguncertaintiesareonlypartofherchallenge一her

reputation（名聲）isanother.（她生活中的突然變化和隨之而來的不確定性只是她面臨的挑戰(zhàn)的一部分---她

的名聲是另一個挑戰(zhàn)）”指出她的名聲給她帶來挑戰(zhàn)，根據(jù)下文“Itgetshermorehelpandsupportontheone

hand,butattractsattentionandhigherexpectationsontheother.（一方面讓她得到更多的幫助和支持，另一方面

也吸引了更多的關(guān)注和更高的期望）”可知，名聲有好處也有壞處，是一把雙刃劍，B項“對于丁來說，名

氣是一把雙刃劍”符合，引起下文。故選B。

[20題詳解】

上文“Shehopesthatinthefuture,shecanteachteenagersabouthealthyexerciser她希望將來能向青少年傳授

健康鍛煉知識）”指出丁寧希望未來能向青少年傳授健康鍛煉知識，空處承接上文，指出該如何向青少年傳

授健康鍛煉知識，E項“這不僅是通過她的經(jīng)驗，而且通過理論”符合，That代指上文uteachteenagers

abouthealthyexercise^。故選E。

第三部分完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A,B,C,D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最

佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

Iwasrecentlyinvolvedinabadtrafficaccident.IwasknockedunconsciousbytheimpactsoIdon't

21anythingabouttheaccident.Myfirstmemoryisbeinggivenoxygenasthedoctorsandnursestriedto

22mebacktolife.

AsIlayintheemergencyroomIfoundmyself23mylifeandthankingGodthatIwasstill

24.Thegoodnewsisthatnobodyelsewas25.

Sincethatday,thephysicalrecoveryhasbeen26butnotastoughastheemotionalrecovery.Pve

learnedalotaboutmyselfandaboutwhatreally27inthisworld.Thingsthatarereallyimportantare

not“things”.I'mnotinvincible（無敵的）andIcannot28everythingthathappensinmylife.Ineedtobe

betterat29thethingsthateintomywaythatIdidn'tplanfor.Assomeonewhowasalwaysina

30,ittaughtmetoslowdownalittle.Ihavelearnedtoliveeachdayhonestlyand31.

32Icontinuetohealphysicallyandemotionally,Ihaveadifferentopinionon33.When

tragedystrikes,youcaneitherletit34yourspirit,oruseitasanopportunitytogrow.Ihavechosento

35fromit.

21.A.receiveB.rememberC.mentionD.care

22.A.bringB.hitC.payD.answer

23.A.sacrificingB.predictingC.analyzingD.mourning

24.A.wealthyB.aliveC.optimisticD.healthy

25.A.threatenedB.informedC.ignoredD.hurt

26.A.difficultB.smoothC.quickD.stable

27.A.worksB.happensC.mattersD.functions

28.A.understandB.controlC.identifyD.oversee

29.A.rejectingB.identifyingC.improvingD.accepting

30.A.hurryB.dilemmaC.routineD.mess

31.A.fortablyB.quietlyC.fullyD.busily

32.A.AsB.BeforeC.UnlessD.Although

33.A.loveB.futureC.workD.life

34.A.liftB.breakC.protectD.show

35.A.sufferB.escapeC.discoverD.learn

【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.D26.A27.C28.B29.D30.A31.

C32.A33.D34.B35.D

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要講述了作者因為從一起嚴(yán)重車禍中幸存下來，于是作者開始分析自己

的生活，并對生活有了新的認(rèn)識。作者認(rèn)識到自己并不能控制生活中發(fā)生的每一件事，所以需要更好地接

受那些沒有計劃到的事情。作者從悲劇中學(xué)習(xí)。

[21題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我被撞得暈過去了，所以我不記得有關(guān)事故的任何事情。A.receive收到；B.

remember記得；C.mention提及；D.care關(guān)心。根據(jù)后文“Myfirstmemoryisbeinggivenoxygen”可