2021年高考英語調(diào)研大一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時作業(yè)33Unit3UndertheseaB卷

課時作業(yè)33UndertheseaⅠ.閱讀理解A(廈門外國語學(xué)校階段考試)Untilrecently,scientistshadmappedonlyabout20percentoftheseafloor.Butourknowledgeofthedeepseasischangingbecauseofinformationfromsatellites.Scientistshaveproducedanewmapthatprovidesadetailedpictureoftheoceans.Themapisexpectedtohelpoceanographers(海洋學(xué)家),industryandgovernments.Thenewmapistwiceasdetailedasthemapmade20yearsago.DavidSandwellisageophysicsprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia.Heandotherscientistsworkedonthemappingproject.Hesaystheyturnedtospacetolookdeeperintotheocean.Thescientistscollectedandstudiedinformationfromtwosatellites.SomeofthedatacamefromtheEuropeanSpaceAgency'sCryo-2satellite.ItwasplacedinEarth'sorbittowatchseaice.TheothersatelliteistheAmericanSpaceAgency'sJason-1.Itisstudyingthesurfaceoftheoceans.Scientistscombinedthesatellitedatawithimagesgatheredbysonar(聲吶)equipmentonships.Sonarworksbysendingsoundwavesthroughthewater.Whenthesoundwaveshitanobject,itspresenceisconfirmed.Thenewmapshowstheseafloorasithasneverbeenseenbefore.Itshowsthousandsofunderwatermountainsandplaceswherecontinentspulledapart.Itshowswhereearthquakeswereactivemanyyearsago.Theyallareburieddeepunderneaththeoceanfloor.DavidSandwellsaysthemapisapowerfultoolforfisheries,thoseinterestedinprotectingtheenvironmentandforoilexploration.“Thepetroleumexplorationindustryisinterestedinhowtoreconnectthecontinents,bringthembacktogethertectonicallysoyoucanmapthebasinsononecontinentaledge—say,Africa—andusethattoestablishwherethesimilarbasinwouldbeontheothercontinentaledgeinSouthAmerica.”Ifscientistsknowthatinformation,theymaybeabletofindoilfields.Thenewdataalsowillhelpscientistsimprovetheirestimatesofoceandepths.Thisinformationcanhelpshipstravelsafelyandimprovemilitaryoperationsandscientificprojectsworldwide.MrSandwellthinksscientistswillmakemanymorediscoveriesastheyexaminethenewmapandtheinformationitprovides.這是一篇介紹關(guān)于新的海洋洋流地圖的科普類文章。這個地圖不僅能提供詳細的大洋的圖片而且還可以看到大洋底部的狀況，我們通過這個地圖可以判斷多年前發(fā)生在海洋底部的大地震。1．WhichoneisNOTmentionedaboutthebenefitsbroughtbythenewmap?A．Fisheries. B．Scientificprojects.C．Shipmanufacture. D．Oilexploration.答案：C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“...themapisapowerfultoolforfisheries,thoseinterestedinprotectingtheenvironmentandforoilexploration.”可知，新式地圖的編制有利于漁業(yè)，環(huán)境科學(xué)研究以及石油勘探等方面，但并沒提到造船業(yè)。2．Whatcanweknowaboutthenewmap?A．Itshowswhereearthquakeswillhappen.B．Itwillbehelpfultoindustryandgovernments.C．Itisthreetimesasdetailedastheoldoneyearsago.D．Itshowstheseafloorasithaseverbeenseenbefore.答案：B解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Themapisexpectedtohelpoceanographers(海洋學(xué)家),industryandgovernments.”可知，新式地圖有望幫助海洋學(xué)家，工業(yè)及政府。3．Thetextislikelytoappearin________.A．a(chǎn)newspaper B．a(chǎn)nadvertisementC．a(chǎn)sciencemagazine D．a(chǎn)financereport答案：C解析：推理判斷題?？v觀全文，主要講述了新式地圖給海洋科學(xué)、工業(yè)科學(xué)、石油勘探等方面帶來的有利之處。故可以推測該文來源于科技雜志。4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ThedetailedpictureoftheoceansB．UnderwatermountainsandplacesC．MorediscoveriesabouttheoceansD．Scientistscreatenewmapsofoceanfloor答案：D解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Scientistshaveproducedanewmapthatprovidesadetailedpictureoftheoceans.Themapisexpectedtohelpoceanographers(海洋學(xué)家),industryandgovernments.”以及下文對新式地圖繪制過程及在各領(lǐng)域方面的運用可知，本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家繪制的新式海底地圖。B(哈爾濱第三中學(xué)模擬考試)Diseasesspreadinmanyways.Aninfectedpersoncancoughorsneezeonsomeonenearby,orheorshecanspreadgermsthroughahandshake.Butsometimeswepickupgermsindirectly.Asickpersonmightleavebehindbacteriaorviruseswhenheorshetouchesadoorhandle,forexample.Butwhatifthosesurfacescouldcleanthemselves?TwoteenagersfromHongKongaskedthemselvesthesamequestion.Nowthey'vedevelopedadoorhandlethatcankillgermsoncontact.Theideaissimple:everytimethedoorisopened,themovementcreatespowerthatstartsagerm-killingreactiononthehandle.Inlabtests,theirsystemkilledabout99.8percentofthegermsthattheyspreadontolabdishescoveredwiththeirmaterial.Researchbyothershasshownthatdoorhandlesinpublicareasareoftenhometolotsofbacteriaandviruses,notes17-year-oldSumMing(Simon)Wong.HeandhisschoolmateKinPong(Michael)Li,18,wantedtodesignacoveringfordoorhandlesthatwouldkillgerms.Afterdoingsomeresearch,theylearnedthatamineralcalledtitaniumdioxideisknowntokillbacteria.It'salreadyusedinmanyproducts,frompaintstodesserts.Tomaketheircovering,theteenagersmadethemineralintoaveryfinepowder.Titaniumdioxidekillsbacteriabestwhenlitbyultravioletlight,saysSimon.UVlightisfoundinsunlight.ButUVlightdoesnotnaturallyshineonindoorhandlesandcan'tbeusedatnight,sotheteenagerslighttheirdoorhandlesfromwithin.Tomakesurethelightreachesthecoatedsurface,theteenagersmadeeachoftheirdoorhandlesoutofclearglass.Eachendfitsintoabracket(托架).Insideoneofthebrack-etsisastronglight-emittingdiode(LED).FromitcomesUVlight.Andhere'stheinterestingpart:thepowerthatmakestheUVlightshinecomesfromopeningandclosingthedoor.ThepowerfromthedooristhencarriedbywiretotheLEDinsidethedoorhandle.Thedoorhandlesystem,MichaelandSimonsay,mightcostnomorethanabout$13tobuild.本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了兩名青少年發(fā)明了一種門把手，這種把手可以殺死留在上面的病菌。5．Thewaysdiseasesspreadarementionedatthebeginningofthetextto________.A．demonstratehowmostdiseasesarespreadindirectlyB．remindreadersoftheimportanceofcleaningtheirhandsC．explainhowtokillbacteriaorviruseseffectivelyD．helptodescribeanewinventionthatpreventsdiseasesfromspreading答案：D解析：推理判斷題。本文介紹了兩名青少年發(fā)明了一種可以殺死病菌的門把手。文章首段提到病菌傳播的方式就是為了引出這項新發(fā)明，故選D項。6．MichaelandSimon'sdoorhandle________.A．istooexpensiveforordinaryfamiliesB．ispoweredbythemovementC．worksbetteratnightthaninthedaytimeD．ismadeofametalthatcantakeintheUVlight答案：B解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段第一句“...everytimethedoorisopened,themovementcreatespowerthatstartsagerm-killingreactiononthehandle.”可知，這種把手是通過使用者開關(guān)門來產(chǎn)生動力的，故選B項。7．TheLEDisplacedinsidethebracketsto________.A．supplyenoughpowertothehandlesystemB．producetitaniumdioxidetokillbacteriaC．provideUVlighttohelptitaniumdioxideworkbetterD．directtheUVlightinsunlighttothecoatedsurface答案：C解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段第一句和第七段最后兩句可知，LED會產(chǎn)生紫外線，二氧化鈦受到紫外線照射就可以從最大程度上殺死病菌，故選C項。8．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsMichaelandSimon'sdoorhandlesystem?A．Cautious. B．Critical.C．Enthusiastic. D．Disappointed.答案：C解析：觀點態(tài)度題。結(jié)合文中作者敘述該發(fā)明的語句“Theideaissimple...”“Andhere'stheinterestingpart...”可知，作者對這項發(fā)明是很熱情的，故選C項。Ⅱ.完形填空(江西撫州臨川一中檢測)Twoyearsago,whenIwasstillatuniversity,Ialsoworkedatarestaurant.EverydayIwouldseepeoplesittingthere,doingwhateverthey__1__.HowIenviedthem!Icouldn't,__2__，becauseIhadtoworkninehoursadayand__3__therestofthetime.FortherestofmylifeIwill__4__thedifficultiesofthattimeforever.LastSunday,itwasrainy;a__5__washittingthecity.Whataperfectdaytositand__6__！Iwentintoacoffeebar,orderedacupofcoffee,andsatdowntoreadthenewspaper.Thenanoldman,helpedbyanurse,enteredwithhiswholebodyshaking.Everystepseemedtobea__7__forhim.Iwasn'tsure,buthelooked__8__tome.Iapproachedhim,andrecognizedhimasoneofmycustomerstwoyearsago.Hewasaretiredprofessor.Wehadbecomefriendsinthe__9__.Weoftendidwordpuzzlestogether,andhewasalwaysthefirstto__10__.Oneday,aftersomeweeks,Ifinallyfinishedbeforehim.Thenextdayhegaveme,asa__11__，anexpensiveScrabbleset,whichIwould__12__havebeenabletoaffordmyself.Ifeltvery__13__whenIsawhimagainthistime.Hehadlovedto__14__，butnowhismouthcouldnotmanageit.__15__andwiseashehadbeen,hewasstruckbykidneycancerlikeanordinaryman.ItoldhimIhadgotmarriedanddecidednotto__16__mystudies.Iwasembarrassed__17__IknewIwaslettinghimdown,butheseemedtosensemy__18__andsaidsomethingIwouldnever__19__.“Kate,manypeoplespendtheirwholelife__20__happiness.Bethankfulthatyouhavefoundit.”在一個暴雨天，作者在一家咖啡店里喝咖啡，遇到了幾年前在打工的飯店里認識的一位老人，老人的一句話讓她感觸頗深。1．A.liked B．interestedC．imagined D．chose答案：A解析：“我”每天都能看到顧客坐在那里做他們喜歡做的事情。2．A.meanwhile B．howeverC．therefore D．whatever答案：B解析：根據(jù)上下文可知，“我”卻不能這樣做。這句話與上文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選however。3．A.date B．studyC．sleep D．play答案：B解析：文章首句談到“我”一邊學(xué)習(xí)，一邊工作。這里應(yīng)填study。4．A.desire B．describeC．remember D．record答案：C解析：“我”以后會永遠記住那個時期所經(jīng)歷的困難。5．A.bomb B．planeC．flood D．storm答案：D解析：前半句提示為雨天，應(yīng)選storm。6．A.relax B．entertainC．talk D．wait答案：A解析：這一天特別適合坐下來休息。7．A.pleasure B．surpriseC．power D．struggle答案：D解析：根據(jù)上一句可知，這位老人身體顫抖得厲害，看起來走路對他來說都是件困難的事。beastruggle“是困難(費勁)的事”。8．A.funny B．strang