專題10 重點語法知識梳理二：時態(tài)及專練60題（原卷版）-2021-2022學年六年級英語下學期期末考點大串講（牛津上海版）

專題10重點語法知識梳理二：時態(tài)及專練60題（原卷版）一般過去時I.

一般過去時的概念

一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。如：last

year,

yesterday等；

也可表示過去經常反復發(fā)生的動作，常和often,

always等頻率副詞連用。

例如：

①I

saw

him

in

the

street

yesterday.

昨天我在街上看見他了。

②Li

Mei

always

went

to

school

on

foot

last

year.

去年李梅總是步行上學。

II.動詞過去式的構成：

(1)規(guī)則動詞過去式的構成有四條規(guī)則：

①一般在動詞原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。

②以不發(fā)音的字母e結尾的動詞，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。

③末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-ed。

如：stop-stopped。

④末尾是輔音字母+y結尾的動詞，先變y為i，然后再加-ed。

如：study-studied。

(2)不規(guī)則動詞的過去式需特殊記憶。如：am(is)-was,

are-were,

go-went,

come-came,

take-took,

have

(has)-had等。過去進行時I.結構was/were+doing（現(xiàn)在分詞）II.用法1、過去進行時表示過去某段時間內持續(xù)進行的動作或者事情。常用的時間狀語thismorning，thewholemorning，alldayyesterday，fromninetotenlastevening，when，while例如：WewerewatchingTVfromseventoninelastnight.。WhatwasheresearchingalldaylastSunday？2.過去進行時可以表示在過去某個時間點發(fā)生的事情。時間點可以用介詞短語、副詞或從句來表示。如：Whatwasshedoingatnineo'clockyesterday？昨天晚上九點她在做什么？（介詞短語表示時間點）WhenIsawhimhewasdecoratinghisroom.當我看見他的時候他正在裝飾房間。（when從句表示時間點）3.在復合句中，如果主要動作和背景動作都是延續(xù)的或同時發(fā)生的，那么主從句的動詞都可用過去進行時。例如：Whilehewaswaitingforthebus，hewasreadinganewspaper.他邊等車邊看報。（兩個動作都是延續(xù)的）HewascleaninghiscarwhileIwascooking.他擦車時我在做飯。（兩個動作同時進行）4.通常不能用于過去進行時的動詞主要有：agree，be，believe，belong，care，forget，hate，have（擁有），hear，know，like，love，mean，mind，notice，own，remember，seem，suppose，understand，want，wish等。例如：誤：Iwasknowingtheanswer.正：Iknewtheanswer.我知道答案。誤：Iwasn'tunderstandinghim.正：Ididn'tunderstandhim.我不明白他的意思。典型例題：1）Mary___adresswhenshecutherfinger.A.madeB.ismakingC.wasmakingD.makes答案C.割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應用過去時。同時，when表時間的同時性，“瑪麗在做衣服時”提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進行時。2）Asshe___thenewspaper，Granny___asleep.A.read；wasfallingB.wasreading；fellC.wasreading；wasfallingD.read；fell答案B.句中的as=when，while，意為"當……之時"。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時，用過去進行；一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。句意為"在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了。"句中的fell（fall的過去時），是系動詞，后跟形容詞，如：fallsick。一般將來時一般將來時表示在現(xiàn)在看來即將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常用時間副詞tomorrow,soon或短語nextyear/week/month,inafewdays,inthefuture,sometime

做狀語。如：Whatwillyoudothisafternoon.

你今天下午干什么？表示將來時間的幾種常見方法英語中除了“will/shall+動詞原形”表示半來時態(tài)外，還可以用“begoingto+動詞原形”表示。主要表示打算和預測：Wearenotgoingtostaytherelong.

我們不準備在那里多待。(表打算)I’mafraidthey’regoingtolosethegame.

恐怕他們會賽輸。(表預測)注：begoingto

后接動詞go和come時，通常直接改用其進行時態(tài)：Whereishegoingtogo?/Whereishegoing?

他打算到哪里去？現(xiàn)在完成時1.概念：過去發(fā)生或已經完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結果，或從過去已經開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。2.時間狀語：recently,lately,since…for…,inthepastfewyears,etc.3.基本結構：have/has+done4.否定形式：have/has+not+done.它主要適用于下面的幾種情況：1表示截止現(xiàn)在業(yè)已完成的動作Bynow,IhavecollectedallthedatathatIneed.到現(xiàn)在為止，我已收集到了我所需的全部資料。Shehasread150pagestoday.她今天已看了150頁。2表示發(fā)生在過去而對現(xiàn)在產生影響、帶來結果的動作Haveyouhadyourdinner?你吃晚飯了嗎？3表示過去發(fā)生的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能還要延續(xù)Ithasbeenfiveyearssincehejoinedthearmy.他參軍五年了。1)一個句子應該用什么時態(tài)只能取決于它需要表達的意思，以及它所處的語言環(huán)境。例如：HespeaksEnglish.（一般現(xiàn)在時，說明動作發(fā)生的經常性。）HespokeEnglishwhenhewasinNewZealand.（一般過去時，說明動作發(fā)生的時間。）HeisspeakingEnglish.（現(xiàn)在進行時，說明動作正在進行。）HehasspokenEnglishforthreeyearssincehecametotheUSA.（現(xiàn)在完成時，這里說明動作的總和。）HehasbeenspeakingEnglishsincehecametotheUSA.（現(xiàn)在完成進行時，強調動作的連續(xù)性。）2）在含有時間狀語從句或條件狀語從句的主從復合句中，如果主句的謂語動詞是一般將來時，那么從句的謂語動詞就只能用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來時；如果主句的謂語動詞是過去將來時，那么從句的謂語動詞就只能用一般過去時來表示過去將來時。例如：Iwillnotplaytennisifitrainstomorrow.Iwouldnotplaytennisifitrainedthenextday.3)有些動詞表示無法持續(xù)的動作，它們一般不宜用于進行時態(tài)中。這類動詞常見的有：be,believe,consist,find,forget,hate,have,hope,hear,know,like,love,notice,prefer,remember,see,seem,smell,suggest,taste,understand,want,wish,sitdown,standup等等。Be動詞若是用于進行時態(tài)，可表示暫時、短暫的情況或表現(xiàn)。例如：Tomisbeingagoodboytoday.湯姆今天很乖。Heisbeingchildish.他這樣做是耍孩子氣。Youarenotbeingmodest.你這樣說不太謙虛。一、單項選擇1．Ididn’thearyoubecauseI___________ashoweratthatmoment.A．havetaken B．willtake C．wastaking D．amtalking2．TomorrowisSaturday,we________mygrandparents.A．visit B．aregoingtovisit C．willvisits D．arevisiting3．John________inShanghaisincehelefthishometown.A．lives B．lived C．haslived D．willlive4．Heusually________homeverylateinthepast.A．comesback B．camebackto C．cameback D．comesbackto5．—Where________thecakeIboughtyesterday?—I________it.Canyoubuyonemore?A．is;eat B．was;ate C．is;ate D．was;eat6．—Excuseme,youcan’ttakephotoshere.Lookatthesign!—Sorry,I________it.A．didn’tlookat B．don’tsee C．didn’tsee D．won’tsee7．Tom________threehours________thisbookyesterday.A．spent;reading B．spends;readingC．spent;toread D．spends;read8．Hewent________and________somefruitforhisdaughterthismorning.A．shopping;bought B．shopping;buyingC．shop;bought D．shopping;buy9．—When________yourfatherleaveforWuhan?—Threedays________.A．will;ago B．did;ago C．will;before D．did;before10．—Whatwasyourmotherdoingwhenyougothomeyesterdayevening?—She________TVwithmygrandmother.A．watch B．watched C．willwatch D．waswatching11．Thevolunteers________us________allkindsofproblemstomorrowafternoon.A．willhelp;with B．help;todo C．willhelp;todo D．help;with12．—Jim,you________lateagain!—Sorry,I________nexttime.A．are;don’t B．willbe;won’t C．are;won’t D．willbe;don’t13．We________asportsmeetingthisweekendifitrains.A．willhave B．won’thaveC．have D．don’thave14．Jackhopeshispenfriend________totheUKtovisithimsomeday.A．tocome B．come C．coming D．willcome15．—What________yoursister________thisSaturday?—Somethingspecial,becauseit’sherbirthday.A．are;goingtodo B．is;goingtodo C．does;do D．did;do16．Inthefuture,people________anewkindofclothesthatwillbewarmwhentheyarecold.A．wear B．wore C．arewearing D．willwear17．AuntMaggiehasbeenateacher_________quiteafewyears.A．since B．till C．for D．and18．Jim’smother________anengineerformorethantwelveyears.A．is B．isgoingtobe C．was D．hasbeen19．Benhaslivedhere_________hewasborn.A．for B．when C．since D．from20．MrBrown________toChinalastyearand________inlovewiththiscountry.A．comes;falls B．came;fell C．came;falls D．comes;fell21．—Howdeliciousthecakeis!—Oh,I________you________sweetfood!A．thought;hated B．think;hate C．think;hated D．thought;hate22．—What________thedaybeforeyesterday?

—Nothing.A．happenstohim B．didhehappen C．happenedtohim D．didhappentohim23．I_________theoldmancarefully,butI_________anything.A．listenedto;didn’thear B．heard;didn’tlistento C．listenedto;heard D．heard;listenedto24．—Excuseme,don’tyouseethesign“Nosmoking”onthewall?—Sorry,I________it.A．don’tsee B．didn’tsee C．don’tlookat D．didn’tlookat25．—Whowateredtheflowersbesidethewindow?—Mymother________.A．was B．is C．does D．did26．—WhereisyourEnglishbook?—Sorry,I________itathome.A．forget B．forgot C．leave D．left27．Whiletheteacher________,Ronda_________fromherseatsuddenly.A．speaking；rose B．wasspeaking；wasrisingC．wasspeaking；rose D．speaking；wasrising28．WhenIenteredhishouse,he_________.A．wascooking B．iscooking C．cooked D．havecooked29．I________starsonthebalconywhenyoucalledmelastnight.A．watched B．watch C．havewatched D．waswatching30．We________supperwhenhecametoourhome.A．had B．havehad C．arehaving D．werehaving31．Mymum________abookatnineo'clocklastnight.A．isseeing B．wasreading C．islooking D．waswatching32．Tom_____hishomeworkwhenIcalledhimlastnight.A．isdoing B．aredoing C．weredoing D．wasdoing33．Therewillbeaparents’meetingintheschoolhall________.A．atthismoment B．theotherdayC．thedaybeforeyesterday D．thedayaftertomorrow34．Theywill________finishtheworktomorrow.A．can B．could C．beableto D．areableto35．They________tothemuseumthreedaysago.They________thereagaintomorrow.A．willgo;went B．go;willgo C．went;willgo D．went;went36．Ihavethekeytothefrontdoor.Myparents________meifIcomebacklate.A．aren’tgoingtowait B．don’twaitforC．don’twait D．won’twaitfor37．Jack,withhisfriends,________watchafilminthecinematomorrow.A．isgoingto B．goestoC．aregoingto D．goto38．—Iwatchedthenewmovieyesterday.—Well,Ididn’twatchit,butI________itthisevening.A．watch B．arewatching C．watched D．willwatch39．Thechildandhisaunt________thefamousmantomorrow.A．isgoingtovisit B．aregoingtovisit C．visited D．didn’tvisit40．—Whyareyousohappy,Millie?

—There________aconcertinourcity________theeveningofMay1st.A．willhave;on B．willbe;in C．isgoingtohave;in D．isgoingtobe;on41．—HowlongcanI________thebook?—Twodays.Youshouldreturnitontime.A．borrow B．give C．keep D．end42．Mymotherhasbeenback_________halfanhourago.A．since B．for C．in D．after43．Emily________inShanghaisinceshewasbornin2006.A．live B．lived C．havelived D．haslived44．Howlonghastheforeignfriend__________China?A．cometo B．arrived C．beenin D．gone45．MyparentsandI________inthattinyhousesinceIwasborn.A．live B．lived C．havelived D．haslived46．—HaveyoutravelledontheAirportExpress________?—No,Ihaven’t.A．still B．yet C．already D．too47．Ourteacherhasbeenback________halfanhour.A．since B．in C．for D．after48．He’sneverwonthegame,________he?A．is B．has C．isn’t D．hasn’t49．Ben________asanarchitectinabigcompanysinceheleftschoolin2018.A．willwork B．hasworked C．worked D．works50．There_________greatchangesinourlifesincetheoutbreakofCOVID-19.A．were B．havebeen C．hadbeen D．are51．TomhaslivedinShanghai_________2003.Hehaslivehere_________manyyears.A．in;for B．since;for C．since;at D．in;since52．—Howisyourreadingproject?—I________mostofthebookswearesupposedtoreadsinceSeptember.A．have