2022年八年級英語下冊Unit2I'llhelptocleanupthecityparks第三課時SectionA(GrammarFocus-4c)單元同步語法精講精練作業(yè)課件新版人教新目標(biāo)版

Unit2I'llhelptocleanupthecityparks.人教版第三課時SectionA(GrammarFocus-4c)單元同步語法精講精練1．動詞不定式的定義動詞不定式由“to＋動詞原形”構(gòu)成，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能單獨作謂語。動詞不定式的肯定形式是“todosth.”，否定形式是“nottodosth.”。2．動詞不定式的功能動詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，因此在句中可以作主語、賓語、賓語補足語、定語和狀語等。Iwanttogoshoppingwithyou.我想和你一起去購物。Tolearnaskillisveryimportanttoeveryoneinsociety.學(xué)習(xí)一門技術(shù)對社會上的每個人都很重要。Itisnecessaryforstudentstolearnaforeignlanguage.對學(xué)生來說學(xué)習(xí)一門外語很有必要。Thedoctoradvisedhernottoeattoomuchsugar.醫(yī)生建議她不要吃太多糖。Wewenttheretoseeourgrandparents.我們?nèi)ツ抢锟赐娓改??！就卣埂?.常見的后接動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有：agree,choose,decide,hope,fail,wish,refuse,expect,want,plan,intend,promise,offer,afford等。2．常見的后接動詞不定式作賓補的動詞有：advise,ask,order,tell,want,wish等。在英語中，有些動詞通過在后面加上介詞、副詞或其他詞表達特定含義，這樣的短語稱為短語動詞，其作用和動詞差不多。有些短語動詞相當(dāng)于及物動詞，有些則相當(dāng)于不及物動詞。短語動詞的構(gòu)成主要有以下幾種形式：◆動詞＋介詞常見的有askfor，agreewith，beginwith，callon，careabout，dealwith，laughat，lookafter/at/for，takeafter，workon等，這類短語動詞的賓語放在介詞后。Wehavetolookafterourselveswhenweareawayfromhome.我們遠離故鄉(xiāng)時，一定要照顧好自己。◆動詞＋副詞常見的有cheerup，cleanup，fixup，giveup，lookup，handin，putaway/up/off/on，takeoff，thinkover，turndown/off等。這類短語動詞的賓語是名詞時，置于副詞前后均可；若賓語是代詞，則只能置于動詞和副詞之間。Turnoffthelight，please./Turnthelightoff，please.請關(guān)上燈。Shelooksreallyupset.Let'scheerherup.她看起來很沮喪。我們給她鼓鼓勁吧?！魟釉~＋副詞＋介詞常見的有catch/keepupwith，comeupwith，dowellin，geton/alongwith，lookforwardto(盼望，期待)，runoutof，stayawayfrom等。這類短語動詞的賓語只能放在介詞后。Whatifyourunoutofallyourpocketmoney？如果你花光了所有的零用錢怎么辦？◆動詞＋名詞＋介詞常見的有makefunof(嘲笑，取笑)，makeuseof(利用)，payattentionto，takecareof，takepartin，takepridein等。這類短語動詞的賓語只能放在介詞后。Youmustpayattentiontoyourspelling.你必須注意你的拼寫?！鬮e動詞＋形容詞＋介詞常見的有begoodat,beinterestedin,bedifferentfrom,befamousfor/as/to等。Mysisterisgoodatdancing.我姐姐(妹妹)擅長跳舞。一、用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1．Pleaseremember_________(water)theplantswhileI'maway.2．Whatcanyouexpect_________(learn)fromthenews?3．I'dlike___________(watch)cartoonsathome.4．Myparentswantme_______(be)adoctor.5．Nowpeoplehope________(eat)healthilyandbegintocareaboutthesafetyoffood.towatertolearntowatchtobetoeat二、單項選擇。()6.(2020·湖北荊州)—Whatisitthatsmellssoterrible,Ted?—I'msorryIwill________mysocksandputtheminthewasher.A．takeoff

B．giveoutC．putupD．keepaway()7.It'snecessaryforyou________theclassroomclean.A．keepB．keepingC．tokeep

D．keptAC()8.Thegovernmentissettingupnatureparks________protectpandas.A．helpB．tohelpC．helpedD．helps()9.(2020·廣西北部灣)—Andy,please________thebookonthefloor.—Noproblem.A．pickupB．takeoffC．putonD．setupBA()10.