押上海卷第六大題 完形填空題（試題版）-備戰(zhàn)2024年中考英語臨考題號押題

押上海卷第六大題完形填空題完形填空不僅考查學生對所學詞匯、語法等基礎知識的綜合運用能力，而且考查學生的閱讀能力；不僅考查學生的知識背景，而且考查學生的邏輯推理和篇章結構理解等綜合能力。它的命題原則是“以實詞為主，虛詞為輔，突出詞匯語境化”。由于學生缺乏對完形填空題型的正確了解以及平時的訓練方法不當，導致做題時得分率低。本專題目的在于歸納一些高頻考題及梳理一些解題技巧。以幫助同學們高效復習。一：近年中考真題完形填空題型呈現(xiàn)以下特點:文體:說明文(6年3考)、議論文、記敘文為輔;話題:青少年成長(6年3考)、科技發(fā)明(2021)、社會現(xiàn)象(2018)、教育引導(2016);詞數(shù)和段落:詞數(shù):250~330個，生詞0~2個;段落:以4~6段居多;微技能:語境推斷(6年23考)、詞匯復現(xiàn)(6年8考)、生活/文化常識(6年3考)、邏輯推理(2021.68,2020.80)二：近年中考真題完形填空題型考點分布情況如下:考查點合計202320222021動詞5212名詞4211形容詞、副詞4112動詞短語211/介詞短語1/1一、完形填空題(2022年真題)Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage（選擇最恰當?shù)倪x項完成短文）（12分）StarWomanWangZhenyi(王貞儀)(1768—1797)HaveyoueverheardofWangZhenyi?Perhapsmostofusdidn’tknowthisgreatnameuntilshewasintroducedinaCCTVprogramme.WangZhenyiwasagreatChinese____61____.ShewasbornintheQingDynasty.Atthattime,girlshadnochancetogetaformaleducation.However,herfatherandgrandfatherwereopen-minded.Theythoughtgirlsshouldshareequalopportunitieswithboys.They____62____hertoreadthebooksintheirhomelibrary.WangZhenyieducatedherselfandreadalotaboutastronomy(thestudyofthestars,planets,etc.),maths,geographyaswellasmedicine.Later,shedecidedto____63____astronomy.Inhertime,manypeopleexpectedthestarstotellwhatwasgoingtohappen.Theythoughtcertaineventsinthesky,suchaslunareclipses(月食)happenedwhengodswereangry.ButWangZhenyithoughtdifferently.Shebelievedinfactsandobservation.Inordertoexplainthose“strange”events,shedidsome____64____.Inone,sheusedaroundtableastheEarth,alampastheSunandamirrorastheMoon.Shemovedthemaroundtoshowwhat____65____happensduringalunareclipse:whentheEarthispassingdirectlybetweentheSunandtheMoon,thesunlightcannotreachtheMoonandtheMoon“disappears”.Throughouthershortlife,WangZhenyiwrotemanyarticlesaboutherresearch.Inherarticles,sheexplaineddifficultideasinclearand____66____wayssothatpeoplecouldunderstandsciencemoreeasily.Shehelpedmakescienceavailabletomorepeople.61.A.doctor B.scientist C.lawyer D.teacher62.A.invited B.selected C.followed D.encouraged63.A.relyon B.showoff C.focuson D.talkabout64.A.exercises B.drawings C.reviews D.experiments65.A.actually B.suddenly C.nearly D.recently66.A.simple B.polite C.funny D.traditional二、完形填空題(2021年真題)Whatdoyouneedforaninventiontobeasuccess?Tobeginwith,goodtimingisvery45.Youcanhaveagoodideawhichthepublicdoesn’twantyet.TakeGiovanniCaselliasanexample.Heinventedthefirstfaxmachineinthe1860s.Thoughthequalitywasexcellent,hisinventionquickly46.Thefaxmachinedidnotbecomeanecessarypieceofequipmentineveryofficeuntilthe1980s.Moneyalsohelps.TheFrenchmanDenisPapinhadtheideaforasteamenginealmostahundredyearsbeforeJamesWattwasborn.Denisneverhadenoughmoneyto47one.Youalsoneedtobepatient.Ittookscientistsnearlyeightyyearstoinventalightbulb.48,youshouldn’tbetooslow.Inthe1870s,ElishaGraydevelopedplansforatelephone.Graysawitonlyas“abeautifultoy”.WhenhefinallysentdetailsofhisinventiontothePatentOffice(專利局)onFebruary14th,1876,itwastoo49.Almostthesamedesignshadarrivedjusttwohoursearlier.TheyoungmanwhosentthemwasAlexanderGrahamBell.Heisrememberedastheinventorofthetelephone.Ofcoursewhatyoureallyneedisawonderfulidea.Ifyouhaven’tgotone,awalkinthecountrysideandacarefullookat50canhelp.TheSwissscientist,GeorgedeMestral,hadtheideaforVelcro(粘扣)whenhefoundhisclothescoveredinstickyseedpodsafterawalkinthecountryside.45．A．interesting B．important C．personal D．satisfying46．A．died B．improved C．spread D．a(chǎn)ppeared47．A．deliver B．repair C．use D．build48．A．However B．Instead C．Sofar D．Atlast49．A．modern B．difficult C．late D．old50．A．society B．nature C．pictures D．a(chǎn)dvertisements三、完形填空題(2020年真題)HowtoSucceedinHighSchoolYouhavebeenfamiliarwiththelearningenvironmentinyourmiddleschool,anditfeelslikehome.Soitisnotalwayseasytosay"75"tomiddleschool.Afterenteringhighschool,youmayfacesomenewchallenges.Theschoolworkmaybecomemoredifficultandrequiregreaterskills.Moststudentsneedsupport.Teachersandparentsmaygiveyouahand.However,youcan't76othersallthetime.Whatcanyoudo？Herearesomesuggestions：Understandwhatkindoflearneryouare.Doyouneedsilencetofocus？ThenmakesuretheTVisnotonwhenyouarestudying.Provideyourselfwitha77learningenvironmentathome.Somestudentsfocusbetterinthemorning；othersatnight.Findtheright78sothatyoureffortswillworkwell.Learntobebetterorganized.Itmightbehelpfulwhenyougetusedtomakingato—do—litofallyourschoolwork,andcheckingeachitemoffwhenitiscompleted.Tryto79yourwork.Thiswillcreatesmaller,moremanageabletasksoutofthelargerones.Bigprojectsseemlessdifficultiftheyaredonestepbystep.Formgoodreadinghabits.Readeveryday—themore,thebetter.Itdoesn'tmatterwhatyouread.Readingnewspaperregularlyisagoodchoice.Newspapersprovideplentyofdetailsandbackground.80,informationyougetfromnewspapersisusuallyofficialandtrue.Highschoollifecanbeenjoyable.Oldfriendshipsmightcomeundoneandnewoneswilldevelop.Hopeyouwillfeelconfidentandperformwellinhighschool!75．A．hello B．bye—bye C．sorry D．thanks76．A．carefor B．dependon C．competewith D．worryabout77．A．warm B．clean C．quiet D．safe78．A．time B．place C．habit D．skill79．A．divide B．finish C．remember D．correct80．A．Forexample B．Inbrief C．Onaverage D．Inaddition記敘文解題步驟1.跳過空格，通讀全文，把握大意。2.結合選項，綜合考慮，初定答案。3.瞻前顧后，先易后難，各個擊破。4.復讀全文，逐空驗證，彌補疏漏。二、解題方法1.詞語搭配法：根據(jù)詞語的習慣搭配來確定正確答案。2.語法判斷法：通過語法分析來選擇正確答案。若選項是名詞，應根據(jù)上下文確定該名詞的單復數(shù)以及是否用所有格等；若選項是動詞，應考慮其時態(tài)、語態(tài)、搭配及非謂語形式等。3.語境分析法：根據(jù)上下文的具體語境，利用所學知識和平時積累的生活常識等，選出最符合情景的選項。4.對比排除法：有時對于一些難選的空，可以試著將各個選項逐一代入空處，然后進行綜合比較，從而選出最恰當?shù)拇鸢?。三、滿分技巧1.了解記敘文的六要素。記敘文，無論是記人還是敘事，都會交代清楚時間、地點、人物、事件、經(jīng)過和結果，即記敘文的＂六要素＂。弄清了這六個要素，基本上就理解了整篇文章。2.明確作者的寫作目的。就事論事一般來說不是作者記敘的目的，作者往往通過敘述闡明一個道理。作者總是為了某個目的，在情節(jié)選擇和細節(jié)描寫上作出合理的安排。讀者明晰了寫作目的，就能抓住文章的主題。3.讀懂作者的觀點或態(tài)度。解題時要認真分析全文，看作者是否一直采用某種態(tài)度敘事或描述人。為了增加試題難度，命題人往往采用變化的形式，考生只有在語境的指導下，對文章進行準確地邏輯推斷，才能推測出文字之下的深層信息。4.弄清作者敘述的視角。弄清文章是以第幾人稱的視角展開記敘的。通常英語記敘文展開記敘的視角有兩個：第一人稱和第三人稱。用第一人稱就是從＂參與者＂的角度進行記敘，讀者可從字里行間感受到作者的態(tài)度和感情。用第三人稱就是以＂觀察者＂的身份展開敘述，作者的語氣客觀，與讀者保持一定距離，讀者的注意力更多地集中在故事本身上。了解作者的寫作角度有助于我們抓住作者的思維，深入理解文章的意義，把握好語境。說明文1.快速弄清文章大意。對于此類文章我們結合選擇項，進行粗讀或略讀，對文章的大意要先有一個大體的了解。說明文往往生詞較多，而題材又比較廣泛，所以閱讀時，首先要能夠掌握文章的大意。2.弄清楚說明的順序。把握了說明順序，就能準確把握文章的脈絡，加強對整篇文章的理解。3.把握文章的組織結構，理清事實細節(jié)。把握語篇特征對理解文意與答題極為有利。說明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表達清楚的、邏輯比較嚴密的短文。在閱讀這類文章時，我們一定要仔細研讀文章的開頭和結尾，從主題句著手，找出支持句，然后尋找文章的結論。這時，我們還要特別注意，不要被表面的一些細節(jié)所迷惑，我們在理解細節(jié)的基礎上，還要斟酌文字的內(nèi)涵意義，從而對文章進行深層次的理解。4.注重上下文語境應逐句精讀短文，逐題分析選項，對特定的語境作深入的理解，克服＂思維定勢＂，根據(jù)全文大意和詞不離句、句不離文的原則逐項填空。5.熟練做題方法，遵循四個原則：（1）上下一致。每個選擇項必須從全文出發(fā)，從大處著手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成誤選。（2）語法正確。從語法的角度去考慮動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)以及詞類用法。（3）邏輯合理。在完形填空題中，邏輯推理非常重要，有時每個選擇項從語法上講都正確，但是有的是不合語境邏輯的。（4）符合搭配。英語中固定搭配很多，需要熟練掌握，才能做好此類題目。完形填空題Choosethewordsorexpressionsandcompletethepassage(選擇最恰當?shù)膯卧~或詞語完成短文).TheLabrador(拉布拉多獵犬)haswonthehonorofthemostpopularbreed(品種)forthepasteighteenyears.Ithasbeendescribedasgentle,cleverandfriendly.However,notallLabsarethesame.JohnGrogandiscoveredthisafterheandhiswifeadoptedaLabradorthattheynamedMarley.ThedogcausedMr.Groganalotoftrouble,butitalsoprovidedalotof1forhisnewspaperarticles.Later,hewroteabest-sellingbook,“MarleyandMe:LifeandLovewiththeWorld’s2Dog.”Marleywashappyandfun-loving.Buthewasalsoextremelylargeanddifficulttocontrol.Hebitanythingthathecouldfindaroundthehouse,includingplastic,clothingandjewelry.Andhehadagreatfearofloudnoises,especiallythunderstorms.3,theGroganslivedinFloridawheremanythunderstormsdevelop.Marleywouldattackthefurniture,wallsanddoorsuntilhisfeetbledifhewasleftaloneinthehouseduringathunderstorm.Marleyalmost1theirhomeseveraltimes.JohnGrogansaidthatatfirst,heconsideredthatprobablyhisdogcouldbetrainedtobeashowchampion.Buthesoonrealizedthatwasimpossible.Marleydidn’tliketolearnskillsthatdidn’tbelongtodogs,andthedogtrainingschool4himforcausingtroublesforotherdogs.Hedidn’twanttohidehisemotions.Hewouldshowhisangerandtirednessifhefeltthem.5that,MarleystillhadearnedaplaceintheGrogans’.Hedidn’tknowhowtodance,andhedidn’tknowhowtowalkonitstwolegs,buthewaswhathewas.HewouldneverbeaLassieoraBenjioranoldYellerforhewouldneverliketotakepartinadogshow,buttheGrogansacceptedhimandlovedhimverymuch.2．A．services B．a(chǎn)nswers C．knowledge D．stories3．A．Cleverest B．Worst C．Bravest D．Ugliest4．A．Importantly B．Surprisingly C．Unfortunately D．Thankfully5．A．damaged B．sold C．eaten D．built6．A．reliedon B．caredfor C．gotridof D．a(chǎn)pologizedto7．A．Exceptfor B．Evenif C．Inadditionto D．Becauseof完形填空題It’scommontowondersometimes,“Whatifsomethingturnsoutbadly?”It’simportanttounderstandthatideaandmanageitsothatyoudon’tgetstuckintheworry.Worryingaboutthefutureisa8partoflife.Fromtimetotime,everyonewonderswhatwouldhappenifsomethingdoesn’tgotoplan:“WhatifImakeamistake?”or“Whatifeveryone9me?”These“what-if”worriesfocusonanegativeresult.Whenyouspendalotoftimeworryingaboutbadthingsthatcouldhappen,you’reimaginingthatthefuturecouldbea(n)10.Spendingalotoftimethinkingabout“what-if”makesyoufeelanxious(焦慮的)andworried.Forexample,youmightfeelupsetanditcanmakeithardtofocusonwhatyou’redoing.Therearedifferentwaysyoucanhelpyourself.AngelaMcMillansuggestscreatingan“if/then”plan.Shesays,“Forexample,Ifyouhavetostandupinfrontoftheclass,Thenyouwilltakesomedeepbreathsand11yourselfyouhavepreparedandyou’reOK,orIfthesocialeventisreallynoisyandyoufeeluncomfortable,Thenyoucanstepoutsideforafewminutes.“Youcanalsoaskyourselfhowlikelyitisto12happen.McMillanpointsoutthatmostworriesneverhappen.“Remembertheyarejustthoughtsandthebravestthingwecandoistonotlettheworry13.“shesays.Trytofocusyourattentiononwhatyou’redoing.Gettingangrywithyourselfwillmakeyoufeelworse,sobekindtoyourself.8．A．normal B．dramatic C．pleasant D．simple9．A．dependson B．believesin C．laughsat D．learnsfrom10．A．a(chǎn)dventure B．surprise C．goal D．disaster11．A．help B．understand C．judge D．remind12．A．a(chǎn)ctually B．exactly C．certainly D．immediately13．A．a(chǎn)rrive B．win C．end D．think三、完形填空題Choosethebestanswerandcompletethepassage(選擇最恰當?shù)倪x項完成短文)ShouldpeoplewalkwheretheywantInmostofEngland,walkersarelimitedtofootpaths.Morethan100musicians,actorsandwriterswrotetotheUKgovernment,“Inthebookswewrite,thesongswesing,theartwemake,wecelebratetheimportantconnectionthatwefeelwithnature.Butthatconnectionis14bythefencesthatsurround(圍繞)muchofEngland’sland,stoppingpeoplefromwalkingfree.”Althoughin2000,alawwaspassedtoallowpeopletowalkaround8%ofEngland’scountryside.Somepeoplesaythisisn’tgoodenough.Otherspointoutthattherearebusinessesthatneedtokeepthelandprivate.Whatdoyouthink?Shouldpeoplebeallowedtowalkwherevertheylike?YES!—NaturebelongstoeveryoneNowadaysitisimportantforpeopletotakeawalkoutdoors—fortheirmentalandphysicalhealth.Itencouragespeopleandbringsthem15andrelaxation.Yetthisspaceisnotenoughandisnowsurroundedbyfences.Togetclosertonature,mostpeoplehavetotravelformiles.Everyoneshouldbeabletogetclosetonature16.Bluesky,flyingbirdsandgreentree-linedpathsshouldnotbelongtoanyprivateorganizationorperson.Butthetruthisthatsuchasmallnumberofpeopleownsuchhugeamountsofland.AmongeveryeightBritishhouses,onehasnogardens.Thisisn’t17.NO!—ThewalkingpathsareenoughThelandisn’tjustforpeople’senjoymentorhealth.Formanypeople,itmeansfamily’swhole-yearincome.18,farmersneedfieldstokeeptheiranimals,likesheeporbulls,foraliving.Also,itisn’tsafeforwalkerstowalkaroundbecausethelandmayhavemanyhidden19suchaswetlandsandsnakes.Moreover,walkersdonotalwaysshowtheirrespect.Theyleavegatesopen,littereverywhere,scareoffbirdsandstandoverplants.Infact,manypeoplearenotreallylookingforaconnectionwiththewild.Theyjustwantashortwalkwiththenicescenery.Thegovernmentshouldfocusonmakingpathsforwalkersandleavetherestofthelandalone.14．A．rebuilt B．blocked C．linked D．supported15．A．pleasure B．progress C．wisdom D．reference16．A．faithfully B．carefully C．safely D．easily17．A．common B．flexible C．fair D．guilty18．A．Afterall B．Forexample C．What’smore D．Asaresult19．A．memories B．enemies C．secrets D．dangers四、完形填空題Manyteensaren’tgettingenoughsleep.AccordingtoaU.S.survey,morethanoneinfiveteenshavedifficultyfallingasleeporstayingasleep.Here,some20experts(專家)areofferingtipstohelpteensgetabetternight’ssleep.SonalMalhotraSmallchangescanoftenmakeabigdifference.Trychangingonebadsleephabitatatime.Forexample,21havingabigmealclosetobedtimeormakesureyourroomisdarkandcomfortable.It’snotpossibletochangeeverythingallatonce.Ifyoucanchangeonehabitevenseveralnightsaweek,that’sgreat.LisaDamourWehaveplentyofresearchshowinghowdamagingtechnologyistosleep.Noone—childrenoradults—shouldhaveaphoneintheirbedroomatnight.Ifthat’stoohardforyou,youcanstartwithsomeeasierwaysto22thedamageofnighttimescreentime.Passiveuse,likewatchingashow,isbetterthanactiveuse,likegaming.JudithOwensManyofyouliketogetuplate23.Thiscanaffectyourweekdaysleep.OnSundaynight,youhaven’tbeenawakelongenoughtofallasleepattherighttime.You’llthenhavetroublegettingupforschoolonMondaymorning.Thenyourwholesleepschedulejustgetsoutof24.DaveAndersonLikeadults,someteensmayhavealotof25ontheirminds:“Oh,no!Istillhavesomuchworktodo.IfIdon’tgetenoughsleep,I’llfailmytesttomorrow!”Ifyouareoneoftheseteens,trykeepingadiary.Writedownwhatyoudidtodayandwhatyouplantodotomorrow.Youcanalsojustwriteaboutyourworries.Itcanhelpyougetridofthem.20．A．computer B．insurance C．health D．gardening21．A．a(chǎn)void B．enjoy C．finish D．keep22．A．cause B．compare C．recognize D．reduce23．A．ontime B．onweekends C．a(chǎn)tnoon D．a(chǎn)twork24．A．control B．date C．trouble D．work25．A．a(chǎn)mbitions B．experiments C．plans D．worries五、完形填空題MrsLi,theEnglishteacher,gavetheclassawritingassignment.“Writesomethinginsomewayrelatedtosummervacation,”shesaid.“Beas26asyoucan.But,”theteacheradded,“makesureyouuseproperspellingandgrammar.”ThatnightJimsatathisdeskathomeand27ablanksheetofpaper.Hedidn’twanttowriteabouthissummervacationasusual.Whatcouldhewriteabout,exceptadog,awaterpark,andtwoweeksofcamp?Boring...He’dactuallybeenhappytogetbacktoschool.Sohewrotewhathewanted.Notanessayatallbutashortstory,sciencefiction.Itwasaboutadistant28thatdidn’thavesummer—itwasspringallthetime.Anditdidn’thavevacationseither.Thealiensworked24hoursaday.Theywishedtheyhadvacations.Thenextmorninghehandedinthestory,butlaterthatnighthe29awakeuntil3a.m.,thinking,“WhydidIdothat?WillMrsLithinkIignoredtheassignment?”Englishwashisfavoriteclass.MaybehewouldbegMrsLiforachancetowriteanotherone,thesortshewanted.Butwhenhegottoclassthefollowingday,itturnedoutthatMrsLihadalreadyreadandgradedtheessays.Theteachersaid,“I’mgoingtopassbackyoursummervacationwriting30.Butbeforethat,I’mafraidI’vegotsomeratherharshwordstosay.Almosteveryoneinclasssimplywroteanessayabouthisorhersummervacation...Almosteveryone.”“Thisisbad,”Jimthought,“I’mgettinganF,Iknowit.”“But,”theteache