湖南省衡陽市2023-2024學(xué)年高三年級(jí)上冊(cè)1月期末聯(lián)考英語試題(解析版)

湖南省衡陽市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期1月期末聯(lián)考

英語試題

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將（答案】標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的（答案》

轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

K答案』是c

1.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?

A.Gototheplayground.

B.Getoutoftheelevator.

C.Stopjumpingintheelevator.

K答案』c

K解析XW:Becareful.Stopjumpingintheelevator.It'sdangeroustodothat.Ifyouwantto

play,whydon'tyougototheplayground?

M:I'msorry.Iwon'tdothatagain.

2.Whatwillhappenaboutthecitycenter?

A.Therewillbemorepollution.

B.Therewillbemorebicycletracks.

C.Therewillbemoreparkingareas.

K答案UB

（解析HW:Didyouhearaboutthechangestothecitycenter?Startingnextmonth,therewillbe

morebicycletracksandlessstreetparking.

M:Thafsgood.Therewillbelesspollutiondowntown.I'msuretherewillbefeweraccidents,

too.

3.Howwillthewomanpay?

A.Incash.B.Bycheck.C.Bycreditcard.

K答案Xc

K解析XW:Howmuchisit?

M:$375.Willthatbecashorcreditcard?Wealsoacceptchecks.

W：rilpaybycreditcard.Idon'tcarrythatmuchcashwithme.

4.Whyisthewomanunsatisfiedwiththefish?

A.Ittastesterrible.

B.Itisservedtoolate.

C.Ifsnotwhatsheordered.

k答案』A

K解析UM:Isthereanythingwrong,madam?

W:Therecertainlyis.Thisfishisnotfittoeat.Tostartwith,it'sovercooked,andthenit'scold,

too.

M:Tmsorryaboutthat.I'llhaveitchanged.

5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inarestaurant.B.Inatheatre.C.Atagasstation.

K答案』B

K解析HW:Didyougetsomegasforthecar?

M:oh,Iforgot.We'dbettergetsomeonourwayback.Shallwegetsomethingtoeatnow?

W:I'mnothungrynow.Lefsgoforamid-nightdinneraftertheplay.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各

小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

6.Whodoesthemanwanttospeakto?

A.MaryJones.B.JackStewart.C.DavidBowie.

7.Whenwillthetrainingcoursestart?

A.OnJune12th.B.OnJuly12th.C.OnJuly22nd.

K答案U6.C7.B

K解析UW:Hello,MaryJones.

M:Hello.ThisisJackStewart.IsDavidBowiethere?

W:No,I'msorry.Hehasjustlefttheoffice.

M:Whenwillhebeback?

W:NottillThursday.CanItakeamessage?

M:Yes,thanks.ThisisJackStewarthere.Iwanttotalktohimaboutatrainingcourseheis

interestedin.ItwillstartonJuly12th,notonJuly22ndasoriginallyplanned.

聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

8.Howmuchistherentfortheextralargetentperday?

A.$10.B.$50.C.$60.

9.Whatwillthemandonext?

A.Reserveatent.

B.Lookforacampingsite.

C.Changehercampingplan.

K答案X8.C9.A

K解析XM:Hello,Ineedtorentanoutdoortentwhichisbigenoughforfourpeople.

W:Thenyou'llneedourlargetent.Itcanberentedfor50dollarsperday.Butforanextra10

dollars,youcanreserveourextra-largetent.Itwilloffersomeadditionalstandingroomspace.

M:IthinkthafsexactlywhatIneed.

W:Great,butyou911havetoreserveatentatleastoneweekinadvance,forit'salittleshortof

supply.

M:Noproblem!Ourcampingtripisnextmonth.

聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

10.Whenwillthemantourthecampus?

A.OnMondaymorning.

B.OnMondayafternoon.

C.OnTuesdayafternoon.

11.Whichyearofcollegearethespeakersprobablyinnow?

A.Thefirstyear.B.Thesecondyear.C.Thethirdyear.

12.WhatactivitywillthemantakepartinonTuesdaymorning?

A.CareersLecture.B.StudentUnionInduction.C.LibraryTour.

K答案X1O.B11.A12.C

K角軍析11M:Liz,I'mlookingatthetimetablehere.Itseemsthattherearesomechoicesavailable.

W:So,whatareyougoingtodoonMondayafternoon?Inthemorningweallhavetheopening

lecture.

M:Well,theCareersLecturemightbehelpful,butIaminterestedintheUniversityTour.So,I'm

doingthetourfirst,thenthelecture.

W:Alright.Mightlearnsomethinginteresting.Afterall,wehaven'tseenmuchoftheuniversity

yet,andwewillbespendingfouryearshere.

M:OnTuesdayafternoon,there9salectureaboutstudyskills,butthatmorningoffersanother

choice.

W:LibraryTourorStudentUnionInduction,whatdoyouthink?

M:Ithinkthestudentunionisveryimportant,butwecangothereanytime.Nowweshouldtake

advantageofthelibrarytour.

W:Ok.Wednesdaymorningisfree,butafterlunchthere9sachoicebetweenvisitingthecomputer

labandattendingalectureonourlegalrights.

M:Well,computersarethebasisofeverythingthesedays,soI'mgoingtothecomputerlab.

聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。

13.Whatpositionisthemanapplyingfor?

A.Amusicteacher.B.Aradiohost.C.ATVproducer.

14.Whatdoesthemansayaboutsendingemails?

A.Heisgoodatit.

B.Heneedstimetopractice.

C.Heprefersmakingphonecalls.

15.Whatdoesthejobinvolveaccordingtothewoman?

A.Alotoftraffic.

B.Gettingupearly.

C.Dealingwithcomplaints.

16.Whoappearsintheman'sreferencelist?

A.Hisformerboss.

B.Hisformerclassmate.

C.Hisformercolleague.

R答案』13.B14.A15.B16.C

K角軍析XW:Haveaseat,please.Tellmewhyyouwantthisjob.

M:I'veworkedasamusicteachermywholelife,andIwantachange.AsIlovemusicsomuch,I

thinkworkingasahostataradiostationwouldbeperfectforme.

W:Thedutiesofthisjobincludeansweringthephonesandsendinge-mails.Howareyouwith

thesethings?

M:I'mexperiencedinsendinge-mails,andwhenIwasateenager,IworkedataTVstation

answeringphonecalls.Iguessifsprettysimilar.

W:Wealsohavesomeearlymorningshereinthestudio.Sometimesyou'llhavetobeherearound

4:00am.

M:Good.I'manearlyriser,sothafseasyforme.Italsomeanslesstraffic,whichisgreat.

W:DoyouhavereferencesIcancall?

M:yes,Ihavealisttogiveyou.TwoarethepeopleIworkedwithatmylastjob,andoneisa

professorofmygraduateschool.

W:Okay.Tilgiveyouacallsoontoletyouknowourdecision.

聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。

17.Whenwilltheracebeheldthisyear?

A.OnMay11th.B.OnMay23rd.C.OnMay24th.

18.Wheredoestheracestart?

A.Atthefootballground.

B.Onthenorthsideofthepark.

C.Atthemainentranceofthepark.

19.Whatcaneveryrunnergetthisyear?

A.AT-shirt.

B.Awaterbottle.

C.Apairofrunningshoes.

20.Whocanrunintheracefreeofcharge?

A.Childrenbetween8and15.

B.Childrenundertheageof8.

C.Adultswhohaveregisteredinadvance.

K答案X17.C18.A19.B20.A

K角軍析XM：rmCarolJohnson,theorganizerofthisyear'sAbingtonFunRun.I'mdelightedto

tellyouthatthisyearitwillbeheldonMay24th.It'sopentorunnersofanyage.Thecourseof

thefunrunwillbethroughthebeautifulenvironmentofAbingtonParkandthetotaldistancewill

bethreekilometers,startingandfinishingatthefootballground.Thafsonthesouthsideofthe

park,veryclosetothemainentrance.AbingtonFunRunisaraceinwhichtherearenowinnersor

losers.Everyonewhotakespartwillbegivensomethingtoremembertheday.Lastyearitwasa

T-shirt.Thisyearitwillbeawaterbottle.Thecostforadultsis$8ifyouregisterinadvanceor

$10ontheday.Anychildundertheageof15cantakepartforfreebutthere9salowestagelimit

of8.Ifyouwouldliketojoininit,entryformsandaninformationpackwithlotsofusefultipsfor

improvingyourfitnessandpreparingfortherunareavailablefromanynewsagent9s.Seeyou

there.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Herearefourcitiesthataregreatforwintertravel.

QuebecCity,Canada

QuebecCityisoneoftheoldestcitiesinNorthAmerica.Inthewinter,itiscoveredinathick

blanketofsnow,creatingbeautifulwinterscenery.VisitorscanexploretheQuebecCitycastle,the

streetsoftheoldtown,andancientchurches.Ybucanalsotrywinteractivitiessuchasskiing,

ice-skating,anddog-sledding.

Helsinki,Finland

Helsinki,thecapitalofFinland,turnsintoafairytale-likecityinthewinter.Youcantakea

walkalongthefrozencoastoftheBalticSea,visitSt.Nicholas9AnglicanChurchandtheNational

MuseumofFinland,andindulgeinthepleasureoftastingcandyandhotchocolateinwarmcafes.

Additionally,youcanexperiencethewondersoftheArcticCirclenearbyinLapland,including

chasingthenorthernlights,reindeersledding,andvisitingSantaClausVillage.

Innsbruck,Austria

InnsbruckissituatedintheAlpsandisawintersportsdestination.Thecityisfamousforits

magnificentmountainsceneryandworld-classskiresorts.Visitorscanenjoythemedieval

architectureinthecitycenter,skiattheOlympicskiresort,orwatchskijumpingcompetitionsat

theskijumpingvenue.

Lausanne,Switzerland

LausanneisacityintheFrench-speakingregionofSwitzerland,locatedontheshoresof

LakeGeneva.Thecityboastscharminglakeviewsandsnow-cappedmountainbackgrounds,

makingitanidealwintervacationdestination.Youcantakeastrollalongthelakesidepromenade,

visittheOlympicMuseum,orsampleSwisscuisinesuchaschocolateandcheesefondue.

Additionally,Lausannehassomefamousskiresorts,suchasLesDiableretsandVillars.

21.WhatcanvisitorsdoinQuebecCityduringthewinter?

A.Visitthefamouschocolatefactory.

B.ExploreSantaClausVillage.

C.Appreciatetheoldbuildings.

D.Walkingalongthebeautifulbeach.

22.WhichcitywillbethefirstchoiceifonewantstoseetheArcticlandscape?

A.QuebecCity.B.Helsinki.

C.Innsbruck.D.Lausanne.

23.Whatdothelasttwocitieshaveincommon?

A.Theyhavefamousskiresorts.

B.Theyhaveworld-famousmuseums.

C.Theyarelocatedontheshoresoflakes.

D.TheyarefamousfortheOlympicGames.

【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)非常適合冬季旅行的城市。

（答案U21.C22.B23.A

【21題詳析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章QuebecCity,Canada部分“QuebecCityisoneoftheoldestcitiesinNorth

America.Inthewinter,itiscoveredinathickblanketofsnow,creatingbeautifulwinterscenery.

VisitorscanexploretheQuebecCitycastle,thestreetsoftheoldtown,andancientchurches.You

canalsotrywinteractivitiessuchasskiing,ice-skating,anddog-sledding.（魁W匕克市是W匕美最古

老的城市之一。在冬天，它被厚厚的雪毯覆蓋，創(chuàng)造了美麗的冬季風(fēng)景。游客可以探索魁北

克城的城堡、老城區(qū)的街道和古老的教堂。你也可以嘗試一些冬季活動(dòng)，比如滑雪、滑冰和

狗拉雪橇。廠可知，冬天游客在Quebec能欣賞那些古老的建筑。故選C。

【22題詳析】

2田節(jié)理解題。由文章Helsinki,Finland部分中“Additionally,youcanexperiencethewondersof

theArcticCirclenearbyinLapland,includingchasingthenorthernlights,reindeersledding,and

visitingSantaClausVillage.（此外，您還可以在拉普蘭附近體驗(yàn)北極圈的奇觀，包括追逐北極

光、馴鹿雪橇和參觀圣誕老人村。）”可知，如果想看北極景觀，Helsinki將是首選。故選B。

【23題詳析】

推理判斷題。由文章Innsbruck,Austria部分中“Thecityisfamousforitsmagnificentmountain

sceneryandworld-classskiresorts.（這座城市以其壯麗的山景和世界級(jí)的滑雪勝地而聞名。）”

和Lausanne,Switzerland部分中“Additionally,Lausannehassomefamousskiresorts,suchas

LesDiableretsandVillars.（此外，洛桑還有一些著名的滑雪勝地，如LesDiableets和Villars。）”

可知，最后兩個(gè)城市都有著名的滑雪勝地。故選A。

B

Creightonisnostrangertothemedia.HewasthefaceofaTVseries,whichremainspopular

foritsbehind-the-sceneslookattheupsanddownsofzoolife.Hewasoftenstoppedonthestreet,

andisregularlycalled"themanfromthezoo”.

Creighton'sfatherandhisbrotheralsoworkedatDublinZoo."Idon'teverremembernot

beinginthezoo,“hesaid.

Creighton'spassionforanimalwelfareisclear,andnotsomethingthathasreducedoverthe

years-forhim,orhisfather.Justafewhoursearlierhewasatthevefswithhisfatherwhere

their15-year-oldGermanshepherdhadtobeputtosleep."Toranyzookeeper,losingananimalis

likelosingapartofyourself,saidCreighton.Hehasbeenpresentfortheeuthanasiaofanold

lion,whichreducedmanyzookeeperstheretotears.Hewaspresentforthedeathofachimpanzee

inher50swhobothCreightonandhisfatherhadcaredforovertheyears.Healsodescribedthe

deathofarhino,whichescapedfromatransportcontainerin1996,assomethinggut-wrenching.

InJanuary2021,heleftDublinZooandstartedhisownconsultancyagency,GlobalElephant

Care.Heisworkingondevelopingelephantcareandenclosures（圍場(chǎng)）inFrance,theUK,theUS,

Israel,AustraliaandtheUnitedArabEmirates,whereelephantswillhaveairconditioningtosave

themfromthe50-degreeheat.Heisalsoworkingonprojectstomanagethegradualreleaseof

elephantsbackintothewild,butneverthelesstalksstraightlyabouttheirsituation.Thereareabout

40,000Asianelephantsleftintheworld.Inanhour,therewillprobablybefiveorsixAfrican

elephantskilledfortheirivory.

Despitethecruelrealityforelephantsaroundtheworld,withincreasinghuman

encroachment（侵占）ontheirnaturalhabitat,Creightonfacesitwithasmile.

24.WhyisCreightonfamiliartomedia?

A.HewasinvolvedinaTVprogram.

B.Hefilmedadocumentaryonthepeople.

C.Hepostedhisworklifeinthezooonline.

D.Hewasthezookeeperofthepopularzoo.

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gut-wrenching“inparagraph3mean?

A.Tooproud.B.Greatlycheerful.

C.Quitehelpless.D.Extremelyupset.

26.WhatisCreighton'spurposeofestablishingGlobalElephantCare?

A.Toraisemoneytohelpelephants.

B.Toguaranteetheelephants5welfare.

C.Tomanagetheelephantsinthewild.

D.Toimproveelephants9livingconditions.

27.WhatcanbeusedtodescribeCreighton?

A.Efficientandjust.B.Sociableandloyal.

C.Caringandoptimistic.D.Sensitiveandmean.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了克里頓這位前動(dòng)物園工作人員的故事，以

及他對(duì)動(dòng)物福祉的深厚情感和他在動(dòng)物保護(hù)方面的工作。

R答案R24.A25.D26.B27.C

【24題詳析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Creightonisnostrangertothemedia.HewasthefaceofaTVseries,

whichremainspopularforitsbehind-the-sceneslookattheupsanddownsofzoolife.（克里頓對(duì)

媒體并不陌生，他曾經(jīng)是某電視劇的主角，該劇通過幕后的視角展示了動(dòng)物園生活的起起伏

伏，至今仍然很受歡迎）”可知，克里頓對(duì)媒體并不陌生的原因是他曾經(jīng)參加過一個(gè)電視節(jié)目，

故選A項(xiàng)。

【25題詳析】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段劃線詞上文“Hehasbeenpresentfortheeuthanasiaofanoldlion,

whichreducedmanyzookeeperstheretotears.Hewaspresentforthedeathofachimpanzeein

her50swhobothCreightonandhisfatherhadcaredforovertheyears.Healsodescribedthe

deathofarhino,whichescapedfromatransportcontainerin1996,as（他目睹了一頭老獅子的安

樂死，這讓那里的許多動(dòng)物園管理員都流下了眼淚。一只50多歲的黑猩猩去世時(shí)，克雷頓

和他的父親多年來一直在照顧它。他還將1996年一頭從運(yùn)輸集裝箱中逃脫的犀牛的死亡描

述為）”可知，犀牛從從運(yùn)輸集裝箱中逃脫后死亡，這讓克里頓感到很難過。由此推知，第三

段劃線部分的含義為“非常難過的”。故選D項(xiàng)。

【26題詳析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Heisworkingondevelopingelephantcareandenclosures（圍場(chǎng)）in

France,theUK,theUS,Israel,AustraliaandtheUnitedArabEmirates,whereelephantswillhave

airconditioningtosavethemfromthe50-degreeheat.Heisalsoworkingonprojectstomanage

thegradualreleaseofelephantsbackintothewild.（他正在法國、英國、美國、以色列、澳大利

亞和阿聯(lián)酋等地致力于大象護(hù)理和圈養(yǎng)設(shè)施的發(fā)展，在這些地方，大象將擁有空調(diào)以抵御高

達(dá)50度的酷熱。他還致力于開展逐步釋放大象回歸野外項(xiàng)目的管理工作）”可推知，建立全

球大象護(hù)理中心的目的是為了確保大象的福祉,而大象的福祉包括但不限于充足的食物供給、

適宜的生活條件和環(huán)境、社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的維持、安全以及健康。故選B項(xiàng)。

【27題詳析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Heisworkingondevelopingelephantcareandenclosures（圍場(chǎng)）in

France,theUK,theUS,Israel,AustraliaandtheUnitedArabEmirates,whereelephantswillhave

airconditioningtosavethemfromthe50-degreeheat.Heisalsoworkingonprojectstomanage

thegradualreleaseofelephantsbackintothewild.（他正在法國、英國、美國、以色列、澳大利

亞和阿聯(lián)酋等地致力于大象護(hù)理和圈養(yǎng)設(shè)施的發(fā)展，在這些地方，大象將擁有空調(diào)以抵御高

達(dá)50度的酷熱。他還致力于開展逐步釋放大象回歸野外項(xiàng)目的管理工作）”可推知，克里頓

是一個(gè)有關(guān)愛之心的人。根據(jù)最后一段“Despitethecruelrealityforelephantsaroundtheworld,

withincreasinghumanencroachment（侵占）ontheirnaturalhabitat,Creightonfacesitwitha

smile.（盡管世界各地的大象面臨著殘酷的現(xiàn)實(shí)，隨著人類對(duì)其自然棲息地的日益侵占，克里

頓還是微笑著面對(duì)）”可推知，克里頓是一個(gè)樂觀的人。故選C項(xiàng)。

C

AnewstudybyresearchersattheUniversityofBritishColumbia(UBC)andtheUniversity

ofVictoriahasshownthatcommonlevelsoftrafficpollutioncandamagehumanbrainfunctionin

onlyamatterofhours.

“Formanydecades,scientiststhoughtthebrainmaybeprotectedfromtheharmfuleffectsof

airpollution,saidseniorstudyauthorDr.ChrisCarlsten."Thisstudy,whichisthefirstofitskind

intheworld,providesfreshevidencesupportingaconnectionbetweenairpollutionand

cognition.^^

Forthestudy,theresearchersbrieflyexposed25healthyadultstodieselexhaust(柴油廢氣)

andfilteredairatdifferenttimesinalaboratorysetting.Brainactivitywasmeasuredbeforeand

aftereachexposureusingfunctionalmagneticresonanceimaging(fMRI).

Theresearchersanalyzedchangesinthebrain'sdefaultmodenetwork(DMN),asetof

inter-connectedbrainregionsthatplayanimportantroleinmemoryandinternalthought.The

fMRIrevealedthatparticipantshaddecreasedfunctionalconnectivityinwidespreadregionsofthe

DMNafterexposuretodieselexhaust,comparedtofilteredair.

“WeknowthatalteredfunctionalconnectivityintheDMNhasbeenassociatedwithreduced

cognitiveperformanceandsymptomsofdepression,soifsconcerningtoseetrafficpollution

interruptingthesesamenetworks,9,saidDr.JodieGawryluk,apsychologyprofessoratthe

UniversityofVictoriaandthestudy'sfirstauthor."Whilemoreresearchisneededtofully

understandthefunctionalimpactsofthesechanges,it'spossiblethattheymayimpair(損害)

people'sthinkingorabilitytowork.”

Notably,thechangesinthebrainweretemporaryandparticipants5connectivityreturnedto

normalaftertheexposure.Dr.Carlstenassumedthattheeffectscouldbelonglastingwhere

exposureiscontinuous.Hesaidthatpeopleshouldbemindfuloftheairthey'rebreathingandtake

appropriatestepstominimizetheirexposuretopotentiallyharmfulairpollutantslikecarexhaust.

28.Howdoestrafficpollutionaffectpeopleaccordingtothestudy?

A.Exhaustingtheirbody.B.Decreasingtheirincome.

C.Endangeringtheirsafety.D.Harmingtheirbrainfunction.

29.WhatmaytheDMNberesponsiblefor?

A.Growth.B.Sport.

C.Memory.D.Behaviour.

30.WhatcanpeopledotoreducetheimpactaccordingtoDr.Carlsten?

A.Avoidbeingexposedtothepollutedairconstantly.

B.Bemindfuloftheairqualityinanewcity.

C.Measurethebrainactivityinlaboratories.

D.Stayinsideahouseasoftenaspossible.

31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.ARoleOfBrainWillBeRuined

B.TrafficPollutionMayImpairBrainFunction

C.AFamousUKUniversityDidAVitalStudy

D.ASourceOfPollutionHasDrawnPeople'sAttention

【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新研究，該研究表明普通水平的交通污

染可以在幾個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)損害人類的大腦功能。

K答案1128.D29.C30.A31.B

【28題詳析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“AnewstudybyresearchersattheUniversityofBritishColumbia

(UBC)andtheUniversityofVictoriahasshownthatcommonlevelsoftrafficpollutioncan

damagehumanbrainfunctioninonlyamatterofhours.(英屬哥倫比亞大學(xué)(UBC)和維多利亞

大學(xué)的研究人員進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，普通水平的交通污染可以在幾個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)損害人類的

大腦功能。廣可知，交通污染會(huì)損害人們的大腦功能。故選D。

【29題詳析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段“Theresearchersanalyzedchangesinthebrain'sdefaultmode

network(DMN),asetofinter-connectedbrainregionsthatplayanimportantroleinmemoryand

internalthought.ThefMRIrevealedthatparticipantshaddecreasedfunctionalconnectivityin

widespreadregionsoftheDMNafterexposuretodieselexhaust,comparedtofilteredair.(研究人

員分析了大腦默認(rèn)模式網(wǎng)絡(luò)(DMN)的變化，這是一組相互連接的大腦區(qū)域，在記憶和內(nèi)部思

維中起著重要作用。功能磁共振成像顯示，與過濾空氣相比，接觸柴油廢氣后，參與者DMN

廣泛區(qū)域的功能連通性下降。)”可知，DMN可能負(fù)責(zé)記憶。故選C。

【30題詳析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中“Dr.Carlstenassumedthattheeffectscouldbelonglasting

whereexposureiscontinuous.Hesaidthatpeopleshouldbemindfuloftheairthey'rebreathing

andtakeappropriatestepstominimizetheirexposuretopotentiallyharmfulairpollutantslikecar

exhaust.(Carlsten博士認(rèn)為，如果持續(xù)接觸，這種影響可能會(huì)持續(xù)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。他說，人們應(yīng)

該注意自己呼吸的空氣，并采取適當(dāng)措施，盡量減少接觸汽車尾氣等潛在有害空氣污染物。廣

可知，Carlsten博士認(rèn)為，人們可以避免經(jīng)常暴露在被污染的空氣中來減少影響。故選A。

【31題詳析】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“AnewstudybyresearchersattheUniversityof

BritishColumbia(UBC)andtheUniversityofVictoriahasshownthatcommonlevelsoftraffic

pollutioncandamagehumanbrainfunctioninonlyamatterofhours.(英屬哥倫比亞大學(xué)(UBC)

和維多利亞大學(xué)的研究人員進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，普通水平的交通污染可以在幾個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)

損害人類的大腦功能。戶可知，文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新研究，該研究表明普通水平的交通污

染可以在幾個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)損害人類的大腦功能。故選B。

D

Inrecentyears,studieshavesuggestedhowthebisphenolA(BPA)insomefood-packaging

plasticshasbeenlinkedtovarioushealthproblemsincludingheartdiseaseanddevelopmental

difficultiesinchildren.Scientistsarethusdevelopingamoreharmlessalternative,andit'smade

fromtomatowastewhichwouldotherwisebegotridof.

However,BPAisstillwidelyusedintheplasticcoatingswhichareappliedtotheinsideof

metalfoodpackagingsuchascans.Thesesmoothwaterproofcoatingshelpprotectthemetalfrom

corrosion(腐蝕),plustheykeepthefoodfromstickingtotheinsideofthecontainer.

Buildingonpreviousstudies,aninternationalteamhasresearchedatypeofagricultural

wasteknownastomatopomace.Thismaterialtypicallyconsistsoftomatoskins,seedsandstems,

whichareleftoverafterthefruitshavebeenprocessedforuseinfoodssuchassaucesorjuices.

Ordinarily,thepomaceissimplydumpedinalandfill,burned,oratbestcomposted.Itmayalso

beusedinanimalfeed,althoughitdoesn'thavemuchnutritionalvalue.

Thescientistsstartedbydryingtomatopomace-firstinthesunforthreedays,thenina60℃

ovenfor16hours-afterwhichtheygroundeditintoapowder.Thatpowderwassubsequently

mixedwithasodiumhydroxidesolution(溶液)，whichwasthenheatedat100℃forfourhours.

Afterrepeatedlyfilteringthatsolutiontoremovethesodiumhydroxide,theresearcherswerelefta

lipid.Thatlipidwasthenmixedintoanethylalcoholsolutionwhichwassprayedontosamplesof

somemetal.Oncethesprayhaddriedandthesampleshadbeenheatedina200℃ovenfor10to

60minutes,theresultwasapolymerizedlacquercoatingwhichprovedtobeveryeffectiveat

protectingthemetaL

Thescientistsnowplanontestingthecoatingonactualcans."Wewouldtaketomatosauce,

andotherfoodsthatareusuallysoldincans,andwewouldsterilizethem,putthemintinsand

checkiftheywithstandrealconditions,9,saidascientist.

32.Whichofthefollowingisthemostlikelytousetheplasticcoating?

A.Apotfullofwater.

B.Acupfilledwithcoffee.

C.Atincontainingapplejuice.

D.Anironboxstuffedwithpackagedfood.

33.Whatdoweknowabouttomatopomace?

A.Ifsusedasanimal'sfoodwithrichnutrition.

B.Ithasbeenusedintheplasticcoatings.

C.Peopleuseittomakesauceorjuice.

D.Peopleusuallytreatitinmanyways.

34.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph4?

A.Howthenewcoatingiscreated.B.Whyheatingisimportant.

C.Whyhightemperatureisneeded.D.Whatothermaterialsareincluded.

35.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.Topresentascientificstudy.B.Tointroduceanewmaterial.

C.Toshowacomplexprocess.D.Toteachanactualtest.

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了傳統(tǒng)的含有雙酚A的涂層會(huì)引發(fā)健康問

題，因此科學(xué)家們使用番茄渣制成了一種新型涂層，以解決該問題，接下來研究人員會(huì)對(duì)該

材料展開進(jìn)一步的測(cè)試。

K答案1132.C33.D34.A35.B

【32題詳析】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“However,BPAisstillwidelyusedintheplasticcoatingswhichare

appliedtotheinsideofmetalfoodpackagingsuchascans.Thesesmoothwaterproofcoatingshelp

protectthemetalfromcorrosion（腐蝕），plustheykeepthefoodfromstickingtotheinsideofthe

container.（然而，雙酚A仍被廣泛應(yīng)用于如罐頭等金屬食品包裝內(nèi)部的塑料涂層。這些光滑

的防水涂層有助于保護(hù)金屬免受腐蝕，還可以防止食物粘在容器內(nèi)部）”可知，這種塑料涂層

是用在如罐頭等金屬食品包裝內(nèi)部，保護(hù)金屬免受腐蝕，再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，C項(xiàng)“裝有蘋果

汁的罐頭”最有可能使用這種涂層。故選C項(xiàng)。

【33題詳析】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Ordinarily,thepomaceissimplydumpedinalandfill,burned,orat

bestcomposted.Itmayalsobeusedinanimalfeed,althoughitdoesn'thavemuchnutritional

value.（通常情況下，番茄渣被簡(jiǎn)單地傾倒在垃圾填埋場(chǎng)，燃燒，或者最好用于堆肥。它也可

以用于動(dòng)物飼料，盡管它沒有太多的營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值）”可知，番茄渣的處理方式包括：當(dāng)作垃圾被

填埋、燃燒、制作堆肥、制成動(dòng)物飼料。由此可知，人們通常以多種方式處理它。故選D

項(xiàng)。

【34題詳析】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Thescientistsstartedbydryingtomatopomace—firstinthesunfor

threedays,thenina60℃ovenfor16hours-afterwhichtheygroundeditintoapowder.That

powderwassubsequentlymixedwithasodiumhydroxidesolution（溶液），whichwasthenheated

at100℃forfourhours.Afterrepeatedlyfilteringthatsolutiontoremovethesodiumhydroxide,

theresearcherswereleftalipid.Thatlipidwasthenmixedintoanethylalcoholsolutionwhich

wassprayedontosamplesofsomemetal.Oncethesprayhaddriedandthesampleshadbeen

heatedina200℃ovenfor10to60minutes,theresultwasapolymerizedlacquercoatingwhich

provedtobeveryeffectiveatprotectingthemetal.（科學(xué)家們首先將番茄渣曬干---首先在陽

光下曬三天，然后在60℃的烤箱里烘烤16個(gè)小時(shí)——然后將其磨成粉末。隨后將粉末與氫

氧化鈉溶液混合，然后在100℃下加熱4小時(shí)。在反復(fù)過濾該