湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市2023-2024學(xué)年高三年級(jí)下冊(cè)4月檢測(cè)英語(yǔ) 含解析

雅禮中學(xué)2024屆高三英語(yǔ)試卷

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改

動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在

本試卷上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅

讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whatprogramsdoesthemangenerallylistento?

A.News.B.Talkshows.C.Educationprograms.

2.WhatwillCarldo?

A.Buysomesteak.B.Bringsomewine.C.Cookdinner.

3.WhereisprobablyGeorgenow?

A.Ontheplane.B.Inacar.C.Athome.

4.Wheredoesthemanmostlikelylive?

A.InCanada.B.InNewYork.C.InCalifornia.

5.Whatisthemanspeaker'sfeelingintheend?

A.Surprise.B.Relief.C.Sympathy.

第二節(jié)供15小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完

后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?

A.ToDisneyland.

B.ToShanghaiUniversity.

C.TotheOrientalPearlTower.

7.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?

A.Canceltheirflight.B.Calltheirneighbors.C.Orderataxi.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whichapartmentisthemanlookingfor?

A.Apartment12.B.Apartment20.C.Apartment24.

9.Whyisthewomanthinkingaboutmovingoutoftheneighborhood?

A.Herfamilyisunhappytolivehere.

B.Ifsinconvenientforhertogotowork.

C.There?snosupermarketnearby.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至13題。

10.Whafstheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Employerandemployee.B.DoctorandpatientC.Husbandandwife.

11.Whafsthewoman'sattitudetowardstheman'sidea?

A.Negative.B.Indifferent.C.Positive.

12.Whydoesthemanthinkheshouldjointhefootballteam?

A.Hewasaprofessionalplayer.

B.Heusedtoplayfootballverywell.

CItisorganizedbyhisneighborhood.

13.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?

A.Insistonhisdiet.B.Domoreexercise.C.Jointhefootballteam.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。

14.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Onthephone.B.Inthebank.C.Atthehospital.

15.Whomightbethewoman?

A.Apoliceofficer.B.Anurse.C.Acheat.

16.Whathappenedexactly?

A.Therewasacaraccidentinthemorning.

B.Themandidn'thavecashwithhim.

C.Thewomancalledawrongnumber.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?

A.Newstaff.B.Tourguides.C.Tourists.

18.Howoftenisthesafetymeetingheld?

A.Everymonth.B.Everytwoweeks.C.Everyweek.

19.Whatarethelistenersallowedtowearinthelab?

A.Jackets.B.Loosebelts.C.Sportsshoes.

20.Whydoesthespeakergivethetalk?

A.Tocomeupwithnewideas.

B.Tointroducerulesinthelab.

C.Toinvitesomesuggestions.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

PotalaPalaceTravelGuide

TravelTips

?Thetravelrouteissetstrictly.

?Thevisitingtimeislimitedin1hour.

?Watchyourstepsduetothehighaltitude.

?Bringalonganovercoatasitisabitcoldinthehall.

Notice

?OxygenbagisprohibitedtobetakenintothePalace.

?SmokingisprohibitedandcigarettesarenotallowedtobebroughtintothePalace

?SmartphonescanbecarriedwithyouintothePalace,butpleasedonottakephotos.

?Liquidisnotallowed,includingmineralwater,whichcanbepurchasedatthehilltop.

TicketPurchaseProcedure

Visitorsarerequiredtoapplyforfreereservationticketswithidentitydocuments,suchasIDcardsand

passportsonedayinadvance.

Thevisitingdateandexacttime,numberofvisitorsandIDdocumentnumbersareprintedonthereservation

tickets.Thosevisitorswhohavereservationticketsshouldmaketheirticketscancelediftheycan'tvisitthePalace

forpersonalreasons.Otherwise,theywillbeforbiddentoapplyagainwithinaweekbecausetheirnamesareadded

totheblacklist.

OnthefollowingdayvisitorsshouldhavetheirreservationticketsandIDdocumentscheckedandwalkto

theticketofficeinfrontoftheWhitePalacetobuytheentrancetickets.Thentheycanstarttheirtourafteranother

securitycheck.

HowtogettoPotalaPalace

?Takebus13toYaowangshanBusStop.

?Takebus8or17toBaitaBusStop.

?Takebus2,16or26toLazhongBusStop.

?TakeairportshuttletoMinhangjuBusStop.

1.WhatcanbebroughtintoPotalaPalace?

A.Cigarettes.B.Mineralwater.C.Smartphones.D.Oxygenbags.

2.Whatwillhappenifavisitor'snameisaddedtotheblacklist?

A.Hehastoapplysevendayslater.

B.Hewillpayaheavyfineonline.

C.Hehastocancelhisreservationticket.

D.Hewilltakeanothersecuritycheck.

3.HowmanyroutesareavailabletoPotalaPalace?

A.3.B.4.C.6.D.7.

【答案】l.C2.A3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文是一篇關(guān)于布達(dá)拉宮的游客指南。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Notice部分的內(nèi)容^SmartphonescanbecarriedwithyouintothePalace,butpleasedonot

takephotos.（可攜帶智能手機(jī)進(jìn)入皇宮，但請(qǐng)勿拍照。）”可知，智能手機(jī)可以隨身攜帶到布達(dá)拉宮內(nèi)。故

選C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TicketPurchaseProcedure部分第二段的內(nèi)容Otherwise,theywillbeforbiddentoapply

againwithinaweekbecausetheirnamesareaddedtotheblacklist.（否則，他們將被禁止在一周內(nèi)再次申請(qǐng)，

因?yàn)樗麄兊拿直涣腥牒诿麊?。）”故如果游客的名字被添加到黑名單中，他必須在七天后才可申?qǐng)購(gòu)票。

故選Ao

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HowtogettoPotalaPalace部分的內(nèi)容”.Takebus13toYaowangshanBusStop.fTakebus

8or17toBaitaBusStop.fTakebus2,16or26toLazhongBusStop.fTakeairportshuttletoMinhangjuBus

Stop.”可知，到布達(dá)拉宮的路線(xiàn)有7條，即13,8,17,2,16,和26路公交車(chē)以及機(jī)場(chǎng)班車(chē)。故選D。

B

Dr.TatianaErukhimovaisaphysicsprofessoratTexasA&Mwhoaimstoshowherstudents,especiallythe

youngwomen,thattherearenolimits.

Only25%ofphysicsundergraduatestudentsarefemale.Perhapsitisbecauseboysgrowupplayingwith

machinesandmakingdrawingsoffastcarsandrocketexplosions.Butgirlsarejustascuriousaboutthewaythe

worldworks-theyjusthaven'tjumpedintothecultureofchemicalreactions,energyandmagneticforcewithas

muchenthusiasm.Thatis,untiltheyseeoneofTatiana'svideosshowingthesciencebehindreallife'smagic.

Tatianaisreallyoneofthefewlivingfemaleexamplestheycouldfollow.

Hervideosgetmillionsofviews.Sheisaballofenergywithashorthaircut,aRussianaccentandalively

personalitythatmakesphysicsaccessibletotheyoungeraudience.YounggirlsareattractedtoTatiana?sattractive

demonstrationsthewaytheyflocktopopconcerts.Thisisreal.Thisissciencetheycanparticipatein.Thisisan

opendoortoendlesspossibilities.

“Theseshortclipsarethesparkthatinspires,9,Tatianasayswithsomuchexcitementthatitlightsupthe

room.Everythingshedoesinvolvesstudents.Shebelievesthemagicinlearningiswhenyourpeersarepartofthe

demonstration,whenyouarepartoftheteachingprocess.

“Shewantseverythingtobeacelebrationofscience/9saysoneofTatiana'sformerstudents.Andindeed,the

classroomisinapartyatmosphere,withstudentscheeringwhenamazedbyNewton'slawofmotion,

demonstratedbyaspinningbicyclewheelhelduprightbytheprofessor.Ifshardtotellwhoismoredelighted,

Tatianaorherstudents.Sheisanattractionforfemalestudentswhoaregraduatingcollegeandworkinginthe

sciencesinhighernumbersthaneverbefore.

Dr.Tatiana9sstorybeganinRussiaandherparentswerebothphysicists.AfterthebreakupoftheSoviet

Union,TatianamovedtoTexaswithherhusband,alsoaphysicist.TheybothteachatTexasA&M,andwhen

Tatianaisn'tintheclassroom,sheisdoingoutreachwithschoolchildren,amazingthemwithspinninglightsthat

soonformwords,liquidoxygenthatshrinksobjectsandchemicalreactionsthatexpandmatterto10timesitssize.

Butmostimportantly,sheisexpandingtheaudienceoffemalephysicists.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whydogirlssometimeshesitatetojumpintothecultureofphysics?

A.Lackofinterestinchemicalreactions.

B.Culturaldifferencesincuriosity.

C.Absenceoffemalerolemodels.

D.Fearofliquidoxygendemonstrations.

5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthevideosmentionedinthepassage?

A.Theyweremadebyafemalephysician.

B.Theyfeatureengagingdemonstrations.

C.TheyaremeantforTatiana'shomeland.

D.Theyhavereceivedmillionsoflikesonline.

6.WhatistheprimaryfocusofDr.Tatiana'soutreachactivitieswithschoolchildren?

A.Appealingtostudentswithfascinatingdemonstrations.

B.Teachingstudentssomedifficultphysicsconcepts.

C.ExplainingthehistoryofNewton'slawofmotion.

D.Encouraginggirlstoattendpartiesandpopconcerts.

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.FemaleProfessorRejectingGenderBarrier

B.RussianPhysicistandFemaleScientists

C.PhysicsProfessorStimulatingGirls'Passion

D.TheSignificanceofOnlineShortVideos

【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了物理教授塔蒂亞娜?葉夫希莫娃的故事和她的教學(xué)對(duì)女孩的影響。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Butgirlsarejustascuriousaboutthewaytheworldworks—theyjusthaven't

jumpedintothecultureofchemicalreactions,energyandmagneticforcewithasmuchenthusiasm.Thatis,until

theyseeoneofTatiana9svideosshowingthesciencebehindreallife'smagic.Tatianaisreallyoneofthefew

livingfemaleexamplestheycouldfollow.v（但女孩們對(duì)世界的運(yùn)作方式也同樣好奇---她們只是沒(méi)有那么

熱情地融入化學(xué)反應(yīng)、能量和磁力的文化。直到她們看到塔蒂亞娜的視頻展示了現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中魔法背后的

科學(xué)。塔蒂亞娜是她們可以效仿的為數(shù)不多的在世女性榜樣之一。）可知，女孩有時(shí)會(huì)猶豫而不選擇物

理，因?yàn)槿狈ε园駱?。故選C項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“YounggirlsareattractedtoTatiana'sattractivedemonstrationsthewaytheyflockto

popconcerts.Thisisreal.Thisissciencetheycanparticipatein.^^（年輕女孩們被塔蒂亞娜迷人的演示所吸

引，就像她們涌向流行音樂(lè)會(huì)一樣。這是真的。這是她們可以參與的科學(xué)。）以及第四段“"Theseshort

clipsarethesparkthatinspires,Tatianasayswithsomuchexcitementthatitlightsuptheroom.Everythingshe

doesinvolvesstudents.^^（“這些短片是激發(fā)靈感的火花，”塔蒂亞娜興奮地說(shuō)，它照亮了整個(gè)房間。她

所做的一切都與學(xué)生有關(guān)。）可知，視頻以參與性的演示為特色。故選B項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“whenTatianaisn'tintheclassroom,sheisdoingoutreachwithschoolchildren,

amazingthemwithspinninglightsthatsoonformwords,liquidoxygenthatshrinksobjectsandchemical

reactionsthatexpandmatterto10timesitssize”（當(dāng)塔蒂亞娜不在課堂上時(shí)，她正在與學(xué)生們進(jìn)行外展活

動(dòng)，用旋轉(zhuǎn)的燈光很快形成單詞，液氧收縮物體，化學(xué)反應(yīng)將物質(zhì)膨脹到10倍大，讓她們驚嘆不已。）

可知，塔蒂亞娜博士與學(xué)童的外展活動(dòng)的主要焦點(diǎn)是用引人入勝的演示吸引學(xué)生。故選A項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Butgirlsarejustascuriousaboutthewaytheworldworks—theyjusthaven't

jumpedintothecultureofchemicalreactions,energyandmagneticforcewithasmuchenthusiasm.Thatis,until

theyseeoneofTatiana'svideosshowingthesciencebehindreallife9smagic.Tatianaisreallyoneofthefew

livingfemaleexamplestheycouldfollow."（但女孩們對(duì)世界的運(yùn)作方式也同樣好奇----她們只是沒(méi)有那么

熱情地融入化學(xué)反應(yīng)、能量和磁力的文化。直到她們看到塔蒂亞娜的一個(gè)視頻，展示了現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中魔法

背后的科學(xué)。）、第三段“YounggirlsareattractedtoTatiana'sattractivedemonstrationsthewaytheyflockto

popconcerts.Thisisreal.Thisissciencetheycanparticipatein."（年輕女孩們被塔蒂亞娜迷人的演示所吸

引，就像她們涌向流行音樂(lè)會(huì)一樣。這是真的。這是她們可以參與的科學(xué)。）以及第四段“"Theseshort

clipsarethesparkthatinspires,9,Tatianasayswithsomuchexcitementthatitlightsuptheroom.Everythingshe

doesinvolvesstudents."（"這些短片是激發(fā)靈感的火花，”塔蒂亞娜興奮地說(shuō)，它照亮了整個(gè)房間。她

所做的一切都與學(xué)生有關(guān)。）可知，主要講述了物理教授塔蒂亞娜?葉魯希莫娃的故事和她的教學(xué)對(duì)女孩的

影響。所以短文的標(biāo)題為“物理學(xué)教授激發(fā)女孩的激情”。故選C項(xiàng)。

C

ABritishcompanyhasproposedreleasingaGM（geneticallymodified）strainofthediamondbackmoth（菱

形斑紋蛾），whichhasbeendevelopedtohelpreducethepopulationofthesevegetable-eatinginsects.

Malediamondbackmothscarryingadeadlygenewouldbereleasedwhichwouldcausetheiroffsprings（后

代）todiealmostimmediately.Thenthefallintheirnumberscouldhelptoincreasecropyieldsforfarmers.

Oxitec,thecompanywhichcameupwiththeidea,hopestobegintrialsnextyearbutfacesoppositionfrom

groupswhosaytheuntestedtechnologycouldthreatenwildlifeandhumanhealth.

“MassreleasesofGMinsectsintotheBritishcountrysidewouldbeimpossibletorecallifanythingwent

wrong.Changingonepartofanecosystemcanhaveknock-oneffectsonothersinwaysthatarepoorly

understood.Thiscouldincludeanincreaseindifferenttypesofpests.Wildlifethatfeedsoninsectscouldbe

harmediftherearechangestotheirfoodsupply“saidDrHelenWallace,thedirectorofGene-WatchUK,whohas

satongovernmentadvisorybodies.

HadynParry,Oxitec'schiefexecutive,saidtherewasdemandfromfarmersforthetechnologyandthatusing

GMinsectstokillthepeststhatfeedonfoodcropsisbetterfortheenvironmentthanchemicalsprays.Thefirm,

whichissupportedbygrantsfromthetaxpayer,isdevelopinganumberofGMinsectsthatwouldbeusedin

Britainandaroundtheworldtoprotectcropsandcombatdiseaseinhumans.

OxitechascontactedtheHealthandSafetyExecutive（HSE）toaskwhatcontrols,ifany,shouldbeputin

placearoundGMmothtrials.AspokesmansaidthatwhileitsofficialsandadvisershavediscussedOxitec'splans,

thereisyettobeaformalapplicationforatrial.Consequentlythedepartmenthasnotreachedaviewonwhether

itshouldgoahead.

8.Peoplestronglyobjecttotheideamainlybecausetheythink.

A.thetechnologywon'tbeaseffectiveaschemicalsprays

B.thetechnologymaybringaboutknock-oneffectsoninsects

C.thetechnologywon'tbewellcontrolled

D.thetechnologymaynotbegoodforwildlifeandhumanhealth

9.WhatisDrHelenWallace5sattitudetowardstheidea?

A.Disapproving.B.Positive.C.Doubtful.D.Notmentioned.

10.Theunderlinedword“combat“inthefifthparagraphcanbereplacedby"

A.struggleB.avoidC.fightD.contract

11.Whichofthefollowingcanbelearnedfromthetext?

A.Oxitecstillhasn'tformedanyplanstocontrolthetrials.

B.Oxitechasdecidedtobeginthetrialthisyear.

C.TaxpayerswillnotcontinuetosupportOxitec?sresearch.

D.FarmerspreferGMinsectstochemicalsprays.

【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了一家英國(guó)公司提議釋放一種轉(zhuǎn)基因的小菜蛾品種，這種品種

已經(jīng)被開(kāi)發(fā)出來(lái)，以幫助減少這些以蔬菜為食的昆蟲(chóng)的數(shù)量。攜帶致命基因的雄菱形蛾將被釋放，這將

導(dǎo)致它們的后代幾乎立即死亡。然后，它們數(shù)量的下降可能有助于提高農(nóng)民的作物產(chǎn)量。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Oxitec,thecompanywhichcameupwiththeidea,hopestobegintrialsnextyear

butfacesoppositionfromgroupswhosaytheuntestedtechnologycouldthreatenwildlifeandhumanhealth.（提

出這一想法的Oxitec公司希望明年開(kāi)始試驗(yàn)，但遭到一些團(tuán)體的反對(duì)，他們表示，這種未經(jīng)測(cè)試的技術(shù)

可能威脅野生動(dòng)物和人類(lèi)健康。）”可知，人們強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)這一想法，主要是因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為這項(xiàng)技術(shù)可能對(duì)

野生動(dòng)物和人類(lèi)健康不利。故選D。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“"MassreleasesofGMinsectsintotheBritishcountrysidewouldbeimpossibleto

recallifanythingwentwrong.Changingonepartofanecosystemcanhaveknock-oneffectsonothersinways

thatarepoorlyunderstood.Thiscouldincludeanincreaseindifferenttypesofpests.Wildlifethatfeedsoninsects

couldbeharmediftherearechangestotheirfoodsupply"saidDrHelenWallace,thedirectorofGene-WatchUK,

whohassatongovernmentadvisorybodies.（"如果出了什么問(wèn)題，大規(guī)模釋放轉(zhuǎn)基因昆蟲(chóng)到英國(guó)農(nóng)村是不

可能被召回的。改變生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的一部分可能會(huì)以人們知之甚少的方式對(duì)其他部分產(chǎn)生連鎖反應(yīng)。這可能

包括不同類(lèi)型害蟲(chóng)的增加。”如果食物供應(yīng)發(fā)生變化，以昆蟲(chóng)為食的野生動(dòng)物可能會(huì)受到傷害?！庇?guó)

基因觀察組織主任、政府咨詢(xún)機(jī)構(gòu)成員海倫?華萊士博士說(shuō)。）”可知，海倫?華萊土博士不贊成這個(gè)想

法。故選A。

【10題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線(xiàn)詞上文“Thefirm,whichissupportedbygrantsfromthetaxpayer,isdevelopinga

numberofGMinsectsthatwouldbeusedinBritainandaroundtheworldtoprotectcropsand”可矢口，這家由納

稅人資助的公司正在開(kāi)發(fā)一些轉(zhuǎn)基因昆蟲(chóng)，這些昆蟲(chóng)將在英國(guó)和世界各地用于保護(hù)農(nóng)作物和抵御人類(lèi)疾

病。故劃線(xiàn)詞意思是“抵御”。故選C。

【11題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“AspokesmansaidthatwhileitsofficialsandadvisershavediscussedOxitec?s

plans,thereisyettobeaformalapplicationforatrial.Consequentlythedepartmenthasnotreachedaviewon

whetheritshouldgoahead.（一位發(fā)言人表示，盡管其官員和顧問(wèn)已經(jīng)討論了Oxitec的計(jì)劃，但尚未收到正

式的試驗(yàn)申請(qǐng)。因此，該部門(mén)尚未就是否應(yīng)該繼續(xù)進(jìn)行達(dá)成意見(jiàn)。）”可知，Oxitec仍未形成任何控制試

驗(yàn)的計(jì)劃。故選A。

D

Forestsabsorbhugeamountsofcarbondioxide（CO2）fromEarth'satmosphere,whichmakesthemakeypart

ofeasingclimatechange.Buthumansmayhavealreadymadetheworld'slargestrainforestuselessin-andperhaps

evendetrimentalto——thebattleagainstgreenhousegases,anewstudyfinds.

Accordingtothestudy,thecarbonbalanceoftheAmazonrainforestisdamagedlargelyduetolarge-scale（大

規(guī)模的）humandisturbancetotheAmazonecosystem,withwildfires-manydeliberatelysettoclearlandfor

agricultureandindustry-responsibleformostoftheCO2emissions（排放量）fromtheregionandthehotterdry

seasons.

“ThefirstverybadnewsisthatforestburningproducesaroundthreetimesmoreCO2thantheforestabsorbs,9,

leadauthorofthestudyLucianaGattisaid."Thesecondbadnewsisthattheplaceswheredeforestationis30percent

ormoreshowcarbonemissions10timeshigherthantheplaceswherelessthan20percentofforestisdestroyed.

Inthenewstudy,theresearchersanalyzednearly600measurementsofCO2andCOconcentrationatfourspots

intheBrazilianAmazoncollectedfrom2010to2018.Theteamfoundthat,onaverage,firespouredabout1.6

billiontonsofCO2intotheatmosphereeachyear,whilehealthytreesabsorbedonlyabouthalfabilliontons.The

teamalsofoundthat,whiletheEasternAmazon,whichhasseenhistoricallygreateramountsofdeforestationover

thepast40years,hasbecomeaplacewherecarbonemissionsarefrom,theWesternAmazon,whichhasseenmuch

lessdeforestation,isneitheracarbon“producer“noracarbonsink.There,CO2absorptionbyhealthyforests

balancestheemissionsfromfires.

TheAmazonBasincontainsabout2.8millionsquaremilesofjungle,representingmorethanhalfofthetropical

（熱帶的）rainforestarearemainingonEarth."'Limitingdeforestation,andespeciallywildfires,iskeytochanging

thisdangeroustrendintheAmazon.ImagineifwecouldkeeptheAmazonfromfires,theforestcouldbeacarbon

sink,“Gattisaid."Butwearedoingtheopposite——weareacceleratingclimatechange.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“detrimental“meaninparagraph1?

A.Harmful.B.Sensitive.

C.Responsible.D.Ineffective.

13.WhichisthemajorcauseoftheAmazon'scarbonimbalance?

A.Climatechange.B.Industrialdevelopment.

C.Humanactivity.D.Naturalwildfires.

14.Whatdidtheresearchersdiscoverintheirstudy?

A.TheEasternAmazonisrelativelybetter-preserved.

B.TheAmazonwitnessedmorefiresfrom2010to2018.

C.Themajorityofforestfiresresultedfromdeforestation.

D.TheAmazonrainforestcreatesmoreCO2thanitabsorbs.

15.WhatdoesGattiimplyattheendofthetext?

A.Moreforestsshouldhavebeenprotected.

B.TheAmazonrainforestisshrinkingrapidly.

C.Peopleshouldgreatlyreducetheircarbonfootprint.

D.PreventingfireshelpsimprovetheAmazon'scondition.

【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是最新研究表明，由于毀林，亞馬孫雨林的碳排放總量已經(jīng)超過(guò)

碳吸收總量。

【12題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段的"humansmayhavealreadymadetheworld'slargestrainforestuseless（人類(lèi)可能

已經(jīng)讓世界上最大的雨林變得毫無(wú)用處）"和"thebattleagainstgreenhousegases（對(duì)抗溫室氣體）”可知，

畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞所在句表示“但一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人類(lèi)可能已經(jīng)使世界上最大的雨林在對(duì)抗溫室氣體的斗爭(zhēng)中

變得無(wú)用，甚至有害”，畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞的含義應(yīng)是“有害的，不利的"，和harmful意思相近。故選A。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"thecarbonbalanceoftheAmazonrainforestisdamagedlargelyduetolarge-

scale（大規(guī)模的）humandisturbancetotheAmazonecosystem（由于人類(lèi)對(duì)亞馬遜生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的大規(guī)模干擾，亞

馬孫雨林的碳平衡受到很大破壞）”可知，亞馬孫雨林的碳失衡主要是由大規(guī)模人類(lèi)活動(dòng)造成的，故選

C?

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Thefirstverybadnewsisthatforestburningproducesaroundthreetimesmore

C02thantheforestabsorbs（第一個(gè)非常壞的消息是，森林燃燒產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳是森林吸收二氧化碳的三

倍）”可知，研究者在他們的研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)亞馬孫雨林排放的二氧化碳比其吸收的二氧化碳要多。故選D。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Limitingdeforestation,andespeciallywildfires,iskeytochangingthis

dangeroustrendintheAmazon.ImagineifwecouldkeeptheAmazonfromfires,theforestcouldbeacarbon

sink（限制森林砍伐，特別是野火，是改變亞馬孫地區(qū)這一危險(xiǎn)趨勢(shì)的關(guān)鍵。想象一下，如果我們能讓亞

馬孫雨林遠(yuǎn)離火災(zāi)，森林就能成為碳匯）”可知，Gatti在文章的結(jié)尾暗示預(yù)防火災(zāi)有助于改善亞馬孫的狀

況。故選D。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Theyalwayssay,"Thereisnotimelikethepresent.^^Andthatiswhy“beinginthenow^^isimportant,

especiallywhenyoutravel.16Herearesomeeasywaystoofferhelp:

Donothing.

17Lieinbedinyourhotelroomandstareintospace.Enjoythecompletesilence.Takenoteofhow

relaxedyoualreadyfeelbecauseyouarenotrushingtoanywhereortryingtofigureouthowtogetsomething

done.

Listen,reallylisten.

Peopleoftenconfusetheterms"hear"and"listen”.Hearingisreceivingsoundsbytheear,anactthatsimply

happens.18Concentrateonthesoundsaroundyou,eventhegentlesoundofyourbreathing.Tryto

mentallypointoutcertainsoundsthatyourearsdidnotpickupbeforethis.

Documentalmosteverything.

Turnonthedigitalnotepadonyoursmartphone,getasmallnotebookfromtheairportandwriteeverything

downduringyourholiday.Attheendofyourday,documentwhatyoudid,whereyouwent,howyougotthere,

whatyouate,whoyoumet,etc.19

Payattentiontoyourthoughts.

Yourthoughtsarelouderthanyouthink.Theyarejustoftendrownedoutbyagarbleofnoisesfromyour

surroundings.Beingonholidayisanexcellentopportunitytopickatyourownthoughtsbecauseyouareremoved

fromthenoiseandcircumstances.20

A.Copiesoftherelevantdocumentsmustbefiled.

B.Itwillnottakeuptoomuchofyourtimebutitmakesagoodtravelmemory.

C.Stayingstillanddoingabsolutelynothingistheeasiest.

D.Sticksometicketstubsorreceiptsinitwhileyouareatit.

E.Listening,however,issomethingyouconsciouslychoosetodo.

F.Sohowcanyougrasptheconceptof“beinginthenow“whileyoutravel?

G.Itisagoodtimetopayattentiontoyourthoughtsbecauseithelpsputthingsintoperspective.

【答案】16.F17.C18.E19.B20.G

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了如何在旅行中“活在當(dāng)下”。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Theyalwayssay,“Thereisnotimelikethepresent."Andthatiswhy“beinginthenow“isimportant,

especiallywhenyoutravel.（他們總是說(shuō)：“沒(méi)有時(shí)間比現(xiàn)在更好?！边@就是為什么“活在當(dāng)下”很重要，

尤其是當(dāng)你旅行的時(shí)候）”可知，本句承接上文“活在當(dāng)下”這個(gè)概念，同時(shí)引出下文關(guān)于如何“活在當(dāng)

下”的方法。故F選項(xiàng)“那么，當(dāng)你旅行的時(shí)候，你怎樣才能理解“活在當(dāng)下”的概念呢？”符合語(yǔ)

境，故選F。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Lieinbedinyourhotelroomandstareintospace.Enjoythecompletesilence.Takenoteofhow

relaxedyoualreadyfeelbecauseyouarenotrushingtoanywhereortryingtofigureouthowtogetsomething

done.（躺在酒店房間的床上，凝視著天空。享受完全的寂靜。注意你已經(jīng)感到多么放松，因?yàn)槟悴患敝?/p>

任何地方或試圖弄清楚如何完成某事）”可知，本段主要介紹了通過(guò)安靜地呆著來(lái)活在當(dāng)下。故C選項(xiàng)

“安靜地呆著，什么都不做是最容易的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選C。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Peopleoftenconfusetheterms"hear"and"listen”.Hearingisreceivingsoundsbytheear,anactthat

simplyhappens4人們經(jīng)?；煜奥?tīng)見(jiàn)”和“傾聽(tīng)”這兩個(gè)詞。聽(tīng)見(jiàn)是通過(guò)耳朵接收聲音，這是一種簡(jiǎn)單的

行為）”可知，上文解釋了“聽(tīng)見(jiàn)”，可知本句是在解釋“傾聽(tīng)”。故E選項(xiàng)“然而，傾聽(tīng)是你有意識(shí)地

選擇去做的事情”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。

【19題詳解】

本艮據(jù)上文“Tumonthedigitalnotepadonyoursmartphone,getasmallnotebookfromtheairportandwrite

everythingdownduringyourholiday.Attheendofyourday,documentwhatyoudid,whereyouwent,howyou

gotthere,whatyouate,whoyoumet,etc.（打開(kāi)智能手機(jī)上的電子記事本，從機(jī)場(chǎng)拿一個(gè)小筆記本，把假期

里的一切都寫(xiě)下來(lái)。在一天結(jié)束的時(shí)候，記錄下你做了什么，去了哪里，怎么去的，吃了什么，見(jiàn)了

誰(shuí)，等等）”可知，本段的建議是記錄一切，上句提到“記下做了什么，去了哪里，怎么去的，吃了什

么，見(jiàn)了誰(shuí)”，本句對(duì)此進(jìn)行總結(jié)：這些不需要花費(fèi)太多時(shí)間，但卻能留下美好的旅游記憶。故B選項(xiàng)

“它不會(huì)占用你太多的時(shí)間，但它是一個(gè)很好的旅行回憶”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文aYourthoughtsarelouderthanyouthink.Theyarejustoftendrownedoutbyagarbleofnoisesfrom

yoursurroundings.Beingonholidayisanexcellentopportunitytopickatyourownthoughtsbecauseyouare

removedfromthenoiseandcircumstances.（你的想法比你想象的更響亮。它們只是經(jīng)常被周?chē)泥须s聲淹

沒(méi)。度假是一個(gè)很好的機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)挑選自己的想法，因?yàn)槟氵h(yuǎn)離了噪音和環(huán)境）”可知，上文提到旅游會(huì)讓你

遠(yuǎn)離喧囂環(huán)境，本句為本段最后一句，故對(duì)這一做法進(jìn)行總結(jié)評(píng)價(jià)，故G選項(xiàng)“這是一個(gè)很好的時(shí)間來(lái)

關(guān)注你的想法，因?yàn)樗兄谀阏_看待事物”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

WhenIsuggestedmy13-year-oldtrytennis,shequicklyshotmedown."I'mnot21,sostoptrying

togetmetodosports,“Juliannasaid.Isuggesteditbecausesomeofmyrecenthappiestmemorieswereof

playingping-pongwithher.Tennisseemedlikeanaturalprogressionfromping-pongandagreatwayto

22someofhergrowingteenworriesonalargerplayingfield.Butmysuggestionwasalwaysmetwith

23.

Still,Iwasundiscouraged.Iwasconvincedthat24somephysicalenergywouldhelpJulianna.Tve

seenhowsportshelpdealwithstress.It25formewhenIwasateenagegirl.

Midwaythroughsummer,westayedathomeoneafternoon,reallybored.a<Doyouwanttoplaytennis?^^I

asked."Sure,"shesaid.Arrivingatthe26,wesetdownourbags,pickedupourrackets（球拍）,and

27towardsoursidesofthecourt.Thenetfeltlikethevisualrepresentationofagrowing28

betweenus——Idesiringaconnectionandmyteenagedaughterlongingforindependence.

Istartedbyhittingaballoverthenet,andJuliann