Python程序設(shè)計(jì)項(xiàng)目化教程 課件 項(xiàng)目4-批量數(shù)據(jù)處理

——批量數(shù)據(jù)處理e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC《項(xiàng)目四》2341Contents目錄批量文本數(shù)據(jù)處理列表數(shù)據(jù)處理字典數(shù)據(jù)處理數(shù)據(jù)的綜合性處理e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFACe7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC1批量文本數(shù)據(jù)處理1.1序列e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC在Python中，序列是最基本的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)。它是一塊用于存儲(chǔ)多個(gè)值的連續(xù)內(nèi)存空間。序列包括字符串、列表、元組、集合和字典，用來表示一組數(shù)據(jù)。序列可通過索引取值1.2序列基本運(yùn)算e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC乘法4切片2序列相加3索引1檢查某個(gè)元素是否是序列的成員5計(jì)算序列的長度、最大值和最小值61.3類型轉(zhuǎn)換e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAClist()—將序列轉(zhuǎn)換成列表str()—將序列轉(zhuǎn)換成字符串tuple()—將序列轉(zhuǎn)換成元組e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC2列表數(shù)據(jù)處理2.1

列表概述e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC列表（list）是一個(gè)有序的序列結(jié)構(gòu)，序列中的元素可以是不同的數(shù)據(jù)類型。例如：A=[1,'xiaoWang','a',[2,'b']]2.2

列表的常見操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC添加、修改和刪除列表元素訪問列表元素列表的創(chuàng)建和刪除對列表進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)計(jì)算對列表進(jìn)行排序二維列表的使用2.2列表的常見操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC使用賦值運(yùn)算符直接創(chuàng)建列表1創(chuàng)建空列表2創(chuàng)建數(shù)值列表3創(chuàng)建列表2.2列表的常見操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC直接使用print()函數(shù)輸出1索引2切片3訪問列表元素2.2列表的常見操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC直接使用for循環(huán)1使用for循環(huán)和enumerate()函數(shù)2遍歷列表2.2列表的常見操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC根據(jù)索引值刪除1根據(jù)元素值刪除2添加、修改和刪除列表元素2.2列表的常見操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC使用列表對象的sort()方法1使用內(nèi)置的sorted()函數(shù)2對列表進(jìn)行排序e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC3字典數(shù)據(jù)處理3.1字典概述e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC字典是一種存儲(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)的容器，它和列表一樣，都可以存儲(chǔ)多個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)。

info={'name':'班長','sex':'f','address':'北京'}每個(gè)元素都是由兩部分組成的，分別是鍵和值。‘name’為鍵，‘班長’為值。

3.2字典的常見操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC添加、修改和刪除字典元素4

通過鍵值對訪問字典2遍歷字典3字典的創(chuàng)建和刪除1字典推導(dǎo)式53.2字典的常見操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC根據(jù)鍵訪問值1如果不確定字典中是否存在某個(gè)鍵而又想獲取其值時(shí)，可以使用get方法，還可以設(shè)置默認(rèn)值。2訪問字典元素3.2字典的常見操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC使用del()方法刪除1使用clear()方法刪除2添加、修改和刪除字典元素3.2字典的常見操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC使用key()方法返回在字典中的所有可用的鍵的列表獲取字典中鍵的列表dict={'Name':'Zara','Age':7};print(dict.keys())3.2字典的常見操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC使用values()方法返回在字典中的所有可用的值的列表獲取字典中值的列表dict={'Name':'Zara','Age':7};print(dict.values())3.2字典的常見操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC使用items()方法返回字典的(鍵，值)元組對的列表計(jì)算字典中鍵值對的個(gè)數(shù)dict={'Name':'Zara','Age':7}print("Value:%s"%dict.items())3.2字典的常見操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC直接使用for循環(huán)遍歷字典的鍵、值、元素、鍵值對dict={'Name':'Zara','Age':7}foritemindict.items():print(item)e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC4數(shù)據(jù)的綜合性處理4.1元組概述e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFACPython的元組與列表類似，不同之處在于元組的元素不能修改。元組使用小括號(hào)，列表使用方括號(hào)。tup1=('physics','chemistry',1997,2000)tup2=(1,2,3,4,5)tup3="a","b","c","d"4.2元組的常見操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC元組推導(dǎo)式4訪問元組元素2修改元組元素3元組的創(chuàng)建和刪除1元組與列表的區(qū)別54.2元組的常見操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC元組可以使用下標(biāo)索引來訪問元組中的值訪問元組tuple=('hello',100,4.5)print(tuple[0])print(tuple[1])print(tuple[2])4.2元組的常見操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC元組不允許修改元素tup1=(12,34.56);tup2=('abc','xyz')#以下修改元組元素操作是非法的。tup1[0]=1004.2元組的常見操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC元組的遍歷a_turple=(1,2,3,4,5)fornumina_turple:print(num,end="”)4.2元組的常見操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC元組的內(nèi)置函數(shù)方法描述len(tuple)

計(jì)算元組元素個(gè)數(shù)max(tuple)

返回元組中元素最大值min(tuple)

返回元組中元素最小值tuple(seq)

將列表轉(zhuǎn)為元組4.3生成器概述e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC在Python中，受到內(nèi)存限制，列表、元組、字典的容量都是有限的。按照某種算法推算出其中的元素，一邊循環(huán)一邊計(jì)算的機(jī)制，稱為生成器：generator。4.4列表推導(dǎo)式e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC列表推導(dǎo)式可以快速生成一個(gè)列表，或者根據(jù)某個(gè)列表生成滿足指定需求的列表。importrandomlist_0=[random.randint(10,100)foriinrange(5)]print(list_0)4.5元組推導(dǎo)式e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC元組推導(dǎo)式可以快速生成一個(gè)元組，或者根據(jù)某個(gè)元組生成滿足指定需求的元組。importrandomtuple_0=(random.randint(10,100)foriinrange(5))print(tuple_0)4.6字典推導(dǎo)式e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC字典推導(dǎo)式可以快速生成一個(gè)字典，或者根據(jù)某個(gè)字典生成滿足指定需求的字典。importrandomdict_0={i:random.randint(10,100)foriinrange(5)}pri