2024年中考英語二輪復習情態(tài)動詞

情態(tài)動詞

情態(tài)動詞有can（could）,may（might）,must,haveto,shall（should）,will（would）,

need等。情態(tài)動詞本身有詞義，但詞義不完整，因此不能單獨作謂語，必須與

其后的動詞原形構(gòu)成謂語。情態(tài)動詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化；含有情態(tài)動詞的否定都

由“情態(tài)動詞+not”構(gòu)成。含有情態(tài)動詞的疑問句把情態(tài)動詞提前。

一can,could的用法

1）表示能力（體力、知識、技能），意為（）。

Canyouliftthisheavybox?（體力）

Marycanspeakthreelanguages.（知識）

Canyouskate?（技能）

注意：此時可用beableto代替。

當表示“經(jīng)過努力才得以做成功某事”時應用（），不能用can。

Hewasabletogotothepartyyesterdayeveninginspiteoftheheavyrain.

2）表示客觀可能性、各管條件允許。（客觀原因形成的能力）。

Thishallcanhold500peopleatleast.

你可以在湖面上滑冰了（冰層夠厚的了）。

3）表示請求和允許，意為（）。

一CanIgonow?

一Yes,youcan./No,youcan't.

此時可與（）互換。在疑問句中還可用（）代替，不是過去

式，只是語氣更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答語中。

一CouldIetoseeyoutomorrow?

4）表示推測（驚訝、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度），用于疑問句、否定句和感嘆句中。

Canthisbetrue?

Howcanyoubesocareless!你怎么會這么粗心！

5）could是can的過去式，（）。

IcouldswimwhenIwassevenyears.

6）以can開頭的一般疑問句，其肯定和否定回答分別用（）;以

could開頭的一般疑問句，其肯定回答和否定回答分別用（）。

一Couldyouskatelastyear?你去年會滑冰嗎？

一Yes,Icould.

二may,might

1）表示請求和允許，意為“可以"。might比may語氣更委婉，而不是過去式。

在此用法中may和第一人稱連用時用一般疑問句，其否定回答用

（）,意為（）。不用maynot。

一Might/MayIsmokeinthisroom?

一No,youmustn't.

一May/MightItakethisbookoutoftheroom?

一Yes,youcan.（No,youcan't/mustn't.）

2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。

Mayyousucceed/success!祝你成功！

3）表示推測、可能性，意為“也許、可能”，用于肯定句（不用于疑問句）。

might不是過去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。

Hemay/mightbeverybusynow.

Yourmothermay/mightnotknowthetruth.

三.must,haveto

1）表示（）。

Youmusteintime.

以must開頭的疑問句，肯定回答用（）；如果是否定的，不能用

mustn't（禁止，不準），而用（）。

一Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?

一Yes,youmust.

——No,youdon'thaveto/youneedn't.

must是說話人的主觀看法，而haveto（不得不、必須）則強調(diào)客觀需要。

must只有一般現(xiàn)在時，haveto有更多的時態(tài)形式。

Theplayisn'tinteresting,Ireallymustgonow.

IhadtoworkwhenIwasyourage.

2）表示推測、可能性，（）（只用于肯定的陳述句）。在

疑問句和否定句中一般用can,否定句中也可用may,但maynot表示“可能不”,

而can't表示“不可能”。

You'reTom'sgoodfriend,soyoumustknowwhathelikesbest.

Yourmothermustbewaitingforyounow.

四.need

l）need（）作情態(tài)動詞用時，常用于疑問句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用

must,haveto,oughtto,should代替。need提問，肯定回答用（），

否定回答用（）。

Youneedn'tesoearly.

一NeedIfinishtheworktoday?

——Yes,youmust./No,youneedn't.

2）need作實義動詞用時，有人稱、時態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。在肯定句中，用助動詞提

問或否定，need后面接帶to的不定式，加doing表被動意義。

Heneedstofinishhishomeworktoday.

五.shall,should

1）shall用于第一人稱，（）。

Whatshallwedothisevening?

2）shall用于第二、三人稱，表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅。

Youshallfailifyoudon'tworkhard.（警告）

HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.（允諾）

Heshallbepunished.（威脅）

3）should表示義務、責任，（），

Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.

表示勸告、建議和命令。

Youshouldgotoclassrightaway.

ShouldIopenthewindow?

注意：后接動詞的完成式時，表示過去的事情，肯定結(jié)構(gòu)表示該做沒做；否定

結(jié)構(gòu)表示不該做，但發(fā)生了。

六.will,would

1)表示請求、委婉地詢問等，would更委婉。主要用于第二人稱的疑問句。

Will/Wouldyoupassmetheball,please?

2)表示意志、愿望和決心(現(xiàn)在的愿望)。

Iwillneverdothatagain.

Wewilldoanythingforyou.

3)would表示委婉地詢問或過去的意愿。

Theyaskedhimifhewouldgoabroad.

hadbetter的用法

hadbetter+動詞原形表示“最好做某事”，否定式用hadbetternotdo。疑問

句把better提前。

You'dbetterstayathome.你最好待在家里。

情態(tài)動詞注意點：

1.can和beableto

can和beableto都可以表示能力。但beableto可以表達“某事終于成功”，而

can無法表達此意。can只有一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時(could),beableto有現(xiàn)在

時、過去時和將來時。另外，兩者不能重疊使用。

Jimcouldn'tspeakChineselastyear,butnowhecan.

吉姆去年不會說漢語，但現(xiàn)在他會了。

Wewillbeabletoebacknextweek.

我們下周能回來。

2.can和may表示可能性時的區(qū)別

(1)在肯定句中用may表示可能。

Youhadbetteraskthepoliceman.Hemayknow.

你最好問那個警察，他可能知道。

(2)在否定句中，若語氣肯定，表示“不可能”時用can't；若語氣不肯定，表

示“可能不"時用maynoto如

Mr.Lican'tbein.HehasgonetoBeijingforaholiday.

李老師不可能在家，他去北京度假了。

3.would,should,could,might等過去式有時不表示過去，而是表示更委婉客氣

的語氣。

Wouldyoutellmethewaytothepark?

您可以告訴我怎么去公園嗎？

4.must和have/hasto

must和have/has山的意思均為“必須”。?？苫Q使用。但have/hasto是用

于強調(diào)客觀需要，意為“必須，不得不”must于表示主觀看法，意為“必須”。

如

We'llhavetoaskZhangHonginstead.

我們必須去問張紅了。

Wemustworkhardatschool.

在學校我們必須努力學習。

5.maybe和maybe

may為情態(tài)動詞，后加動詞原形be,用在句中；maybe為副詞，意為“大概、

也許"，相當于perhaps,用于句首。

6.can't和mustn't

表示否定推測時應用cant是“不可能”的意思；mustn't是"禁止、不允許”

的意思，不能用來表推測，而must在肯定句中表推測，意為“一定”。

題組：根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子

Heworkhard.他必須努力工作。

Hewalkhome.他不得不步行回家。

LiHongmayherway.李紅可能迷路了。

Hebeintheroom.他不可能在房間里

Heswimwhenhewasfiveyearsold.他五歲時就會游泳。

Iborrowyourpen?我可以借用你的鋼筆嗎？

一MayIgohomenow?我現(xiàn)在可以回家了嗎？

一No.You不，不可以。

YouMbetterTVeveryday.你最好不要每天看電視。

1.一Mustweleavenow?

-No,we.Westillhavetwomorehours.

A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.shouldn't

2.一Canyourideahorse?

—No.I

A.needn'tB.maynotC.can'tD.mustn't

3.一MissLi,mustwehandinourhomeworkrightnow?

-No,you.Youcanhanditintomorrow.

A.don'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.maynot

4.Youeatthesoupifyoudon'tlikeit.

A.shouldn'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.can't

5.一Mayweleavetheclassroomnow?

-No,you.Youshouldn'tleaveuntilthebellrings.

A.maynotB.can'tC.needn't

6.Shebehere.Isawherein.

A.canB.mayC.shouldD.must

7.Ican'tgotothecinemawithyoubecauseIstayhereuntilmymotheres

back.

A.canB.couldC.mayD.must

8.一Bequiet,MrSmithising.

一Don'tworry.Itbehim.MrSmithismuchtaller.

A.mustn'tB.mustC.can't

9.-Anothercupoftea?

-No,thanks.Ibeoff.Ginaiswaitingforme.

A.canB.mustC.may.

10.一Ismokehere?

-No.Youarenotallowedtosmokeinpublicplaces.

A.CouldB.MustC.MayD.Might

11.一Hey,Ted!Youneverplayinthestreet.Ifsnotsafe.

一Sorry,Mum.Iwon'tagain.

A.needB.mustC.canD.may

12.一MustIreturnthehooktomorrowmorning?

-No,you.Youcankeepitlonger.

A.mustn'tB.can'tC.needn'tD.couldn't

13.一HowlongmayIkeepthebook?

一Youkeepitfortwoweeks.

A.mayB.mustC.will

14.一Susan,wouldyouliketogohikingwithusthisafternoon?

一rdloveto,butIstudyforatest.

A.mayB.havetoC.can

15.一MayIsmokehere,please?

一Iamafraidyou.Thisisanonsmokingarea.

A.canB.can'tC.mayD.maynot

16.一Doyouknowthesongeon,Haixi!

一Yes,andIsingitwell.

A.mustB.canC.need

17.一MustIreturnthebookthisweek?

一No,you.Youcanitfor20days.

A.mustn't;keepB.needn't;borrowC.needn't;keepD.mustn't;borrow

18.一Iuseyoureraser,Rose?

一Sure.Hereyouare.

A.MayB.WouldC.NeedD.Must

19.一CanIborrowyourdictionary?

-Yes,you.

A.canB.mustC.should

20.一MustIhandinmyexercisebooknow,Mr.Zhao?

一No,you.Youmaygiveittometomorrow.

A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.can't

21.一Congratulations!You'vegotthefirstprizeintheEnglishContest.

—itbetrue?Ifsunbelievable!

A.MayB.ShouldC.MustD.Can

22.Youfinishthereporttoday.AnytimebeforeFridayisOK.

A.mustn'tBmustC.needD.needn't

23.一CouldIuseyoureraserforawhile?

-Yes,ofcourseyou.

A.couldB.canC.willD.should

24.一CanyouetomypartyonWednesday?

一Sorry,Ican't.Ifinishmyhomework.

A.mayB.wouldC.haveto

25.一IwatchTVnow,Mom?

-No.It'stoolate,andyougotobed.

A.May;havetoB.Will;shouldC.Can;willD.Must;need

26.一MustIfinishmyhomeworktoday,MsLiu?

—No,.

A.youmustn,tB.youdon'thavetoC.youcan't

27.Accordingtothenewtrafficlaws,peopledriveafterdrinkingwineor

beer.

A.wouldn'tB.couldn'tC.needn'tD.mustn't

28.A:CanIwearanyclothesIliketoschool?

B:No,youcantYouwearauniform（校月艮）.

A.mightB.willC.mustD.would

29.一Willyoustayforsomemoredays?

一Sorry,I.Mymothercalledtoaskmetogobackatonce.

A.mustn'tB.maynotC.can'tD.wouldn't

30.Youwearsportsshoeswhenyouclimbamountain.

A.can'tB.shouldn'tC.mustn'tD.haveto

31.-MustIgetupearlytomorrowmorning?

-No,.

A.youmustn,tB.Idon'tthinkyouhaveto

C.youcan'tD.youneed

32.一Who'ssinginginthenextroom?

一Itbeher.ShehasgonetoNewYork.

A.can'tB.mustC.shouldn'tD.can

33.一MustIlearnallthesewordsbyheart?

-No,you.Ifllbefineifyoucopytheminyourexercisebooks.

A.needn'tB.can'tC.shouldn'tD.mustn't

34.——Mom,mustIfinishmyhomeworknow?

一No,you.Youmayhavesupperfirst.

A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.can't

35.一Willthenewiphonecostalot?

一Ithinkso.Apple'sproductsareusuallyexpensive.

A.shouldn'tB.needn'tC.wouldD.must

36.一Mustwecleantheclassroomnow?

一No,youneedn't.Itafterschool.

A.maycleanB.mustcleanC.needbecleanedD.canbecleaned

37.一Mr.Wang,canIfinishmyhomeworktomorrow?

一Sorry,you.

A.can'tB.don'tC.needn'tD.won't

38.一Wouldyouetomybirthdaypartytomorrowevening?

一PmafraidI.Ihavetolookaftermysister.

A.wouldn'tB.can'tC.won'tD.mustn't

39.Itrainedheavily,sowestayathomewatchingTVorsurfingthe

Internetallday.

A.couldB.hadtoC.must

40.一MayItakethemagazineoutofthereadingroom?

一No,youcan't.Youreadithere.Ifstherule.

A.mustB.wouldC.mayD.might

41.一Dad,mayIwatchTV?

一No,youcantYoufinishyourhomeworkfirst.

A.mustB.canC.may

42.一Bob,shallwegoandmeetournewclassmate?

一Sorry.I'mbusynow.ButyouaskDavidtogowithyou.Heisfree.

A.needB.mayC.wouldD.must

43.Ifyouareinthezoo,remembernottotouchorgoneartheanimals.Although

someoftheanimalsarecute,youleavethemalone.

A.mustB.willC.mayD.can

44.——FiftydollarsforsuchaTshirt!Youbejoking!

一I'mserious.It'smadeofsilk.

A.mustB.needC.mayD.can

45.一Haveyoudecidedwheretogoforyoursummervacation?

一Notyet.WegotoQingdao.Itisagoodplaceforvacation.

A.mayB.shouldC.needD.must

46.一MustIbehomebeforeeighto'clock,Mum?

一No,you.Butyouhavetoebackbeforeteno'clock.

A.needn'tB.can'tC.mustn't

47.一Iborrowyourhistorybook?

一Sure.Hereyouare.

A.MustB.MayC.NeedD.Will

48.Thetalentedboywritelyricswhenhewasattheageoften.

A.mayB.couldC.must

49.一Lefsgodancingtonight.!

一Sorry,I.Ihavetogotomyguitarlesson.

A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.can't

50.ThemagazinebeLily's,forwecanfindhernameonthecover.

A.mayB.mightC.couldD.must

51.—Dad,canIgotothemoviestonight?

一Sure,butyou_ebackhomebefore9o'clock.

A.canB.mustC.mayD.might

52.Drunkdrivingisagainstthelawnow.Itbeforbidden.

A.mayB.mustC.canD.might

53.一IthinkthemanovertheremustbeBob.

一Itbehim.HehastoAustralia.

A.can't;goneB.can't;beenC.maynot;beenD.mustn't;gone

54.Theworkistoohardforhim.Hefinishitontime.

A.can'tB.mustn'tC.shouldn'tD.needn't

55.ThisdictionaryTom's.IthasAnn'snameonit

A.mightbeB.mayheC.can'tbe

56.一WhoseTshirtisthis?

一ItbeJohn9s.Ifssmallforhim.

A.can't;muchtooB.can't;toomuch

C.mustn't;muchtooD.mustn't;toomuch

57.一MayIgooutnow,Dad?

一No.You_letyourmotherknowfirst.

A.canB.mayC.needD.must

58.一wecleantheclassroomatonce?

一No,you.Youcleanitafterschool.

A.Must;needn't;mayB.Must;mustn't;can.

C.Shall;can't;mustD.Need;mustn't;may

59.Youlookquitetired.You'dbetteragoodrest.

A.stoptohaveB.stophavingC.tostoptohaveD.tostophaving

60.一CanIskateonthelakenow?

一No,you.It'sdangerous.

A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.won't

61.Youloseyourwayifyouwalkaloneinthemountainsatnight.

A.mayB.needC.shouldD.oughtto

62.一Peterdoesn'tmindlendingyouhiscamera.

一He.I'vealreadyborrowedone.

A.needn'tB.can'tC.mustn'tD.shouldn't

63.——Ican'tstopsmoking,doctor.

一Foryourhealth,I'mafraidyou.

A.mayB.canC.havetoD.need

64.一Goodmorning.I'vegotanappointmentwithMsKinginheroffice.

一Morning.YoubeMrJones.Thisway,please.

A.willB.mustC.