2022年陜西省西安市臨潼區(qū)高一下學期期末質(zhì)量檢測英語試題

臨潼區(qū)2021~2022學年度第二學期期末質(zhì)量監(jiān)測高一英語試題注意事項:1.本試卷共10頁，全卷滿分150分，答題時間為120分鐘;2.答卷前，考生須準確填寫自己的姓名、準考證號，并認真核準條形碼上的姓名、準考證號;3.本試卷由選擇題和非選擇題兩大部分組成。選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂，非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆書寫，涂寫要工整、清晰;4.考試結束后，監(jiān)考員將答題卡按順序收回，裝袋整理;試題卷不回收。第二部分:閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列四篇短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AAmericanVisionaryArtMuseum,Baltimore,USATel:410-244-1900Everlookedatsomeartworkinagallery(nodoubtwithwordsofpraiseprintedonthewall)andthought:What'ssospecialaboutthat?Icoulddothat.Infact,Icoulddobetter.Well,theAmericanVisionaryArtMuseumisforyou.Groundedintheideathatnotallgreatartistsgotoartschool,themuseumfocusesonself-taughtart,resultinginsomeofthemostinspirationalartyou'lleversee.CupNoodlesMuseum,Osaka,JapanTel:072-752-3484Ikeda,asmallcityinOsaka,isthebirthplaceofinstantnoodles.ThegalleriesatitsCupNoodlesMuseumdocumentthejourneyfromchickennoodlesto“spacenoodles”.It’sagreatplace,whereyoucanmakeyourownnoodles,createyourownpackagingandwalkthroughan“instantnoodlestunnel(隧道)”.MuseoSubacuáticodeArte,Cancún,MexicoTel:998-810-4508Youcan'thelpbutwonderhowthearchaeologistsofthefuturewilldescribethemuseum.Atfirstsight,theunderwatergallerylookslikearediscoveredancientcity.Itcontainsover500sculptures(雕塑品)ofsixdifferentartists,whichhavebeenplacedontheoceanfloorforsnorkelling(浮潛)tourists(andschoolsoffish).Themuseummayalsobeviewedbyglass-bottomboat.VentHavenMuseum,Kentucky,USATel:859-341-0461There’ssomethingextremelycharmingaboutenteringaroomandseeingacrowdofventriloquistdummies(口技假人)staringbackatyou.That’swhatyougetatVentHavenMuseum,whichhousesmorethan900dummies.Itstartedasoneman’sprivatecollection,andit’sstillsemi-private(you’vegottobookatour48hoursbeforearriving).Thisistheperfectplacetofindouthowtogetintotheventriloquismgame.1.Whichnumbershouldyoucallifyouareinterestedinfastfood?A.410-244-1900. B.072-752-3484.C.998-810-4508. D.859-341-0461.2.WhatcanyoudoinMuseoSubacuáticodeArte?A.Createyourownartwork. B.Watchaventriloquismshow.C.Seesculptureswhileswimming. D.Walkthroughanunderseatunnel.3.Whereisthemuseumthatrequiresadvancebooking?A.InBaltimore. B.InOsaka.C.InCancún. D.InKentucky.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【導語】這一篇應用文。文章介紹了世界上四家博物館?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CupNoodlesMuseum,Osaka,Japan下列內(nèi)容中“Tel:072-752-3484(電話號碼：072-752-3484)”和“Ikeda,asmallcityinOsaka,isthebirthplaceofinstantnoodles.ThegalleriesatitsCupNoodlesMuseumdocumentthejourneyfromchickennoodlesto“spacenoodles”.It’sagreatplace,whereyoucanmakeyourownnoodles,createyourownpackagingandwalkthroughan“instantnoodlestunnel.(大阪的池田是方便面的發(fā)源地。它的杯面博物館的畫廊記錄了從雞肉面到“太空面”的旅程。這是一個很棒的地方，在這里你可以自己做面條，制作自己的包裝，穿過“方便面隧道”。)”可知，如果你對快餐感興趣，應該打電話072-752-3484。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MuseoSubacuáticodeArte,Cancún,Mexico下列內(nèi)容中“Itcontainsover500sculptures(雕塑品)ofsixdifferentartists,whichhavebeenplacedontheoceanfloorforsnorkelling(浮潛)tourists(andschoolsoffish).(它包含了6個不同藝術家的500多個雕塑，這些雕塑被放置在海底，供潛水游客(和魚群)觀賞。)”可知，你可以在MuseoSubacuáticodeArte游泳時看雕塑。故選C項。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VentHavenMuseum,Kentucky,USA下列內(nèi)容中“Itstartedasoneman’sprivatecollection,andit’sstillsemi-private(you’vegottobookatour48hoursbeforearriving).(它最初是一個男人的私人收藏，現(xiàn)在仍然是半私人的(你必須在到達前48小時預訂行程)。)”可知，需要提前預約的博物館在Kentucky州。故選D項。BWhenaHoustondadfoundouthiseight-year-oldsonwasbeingbullied(欺負),hedidn’tgetmadattheclassmatewhoteasedhim.Instead,hetalkedwiththeso-calledbullyandrealizedthattheboywasstruggling,too.AubreyFontenot’sson,Jordan,toldhimaboynamedTamarionwasteasinghim.FontenotdecidedtositdownwithhissonandTamariontounderstandwhatwasgoingon,andsomethingunexpectedhappened.TamariontoldFontenothewasbeingteasedatschool,too.“Iasked,‘Bywho?Youarebig.Youarehuge.Whoisteasingyou?’”thefathersaid.“Hesaid,‘Justalltheotherkids,man.Theyaremakingfunofme.”FontenotlearnedthatTamarionwasgettingteasedforhisclothesandshoes—hisclothesandshoeswereoldanddirty.Fontenotthenspoketotheboy’smother.“Shekindofconfirmedit,”Fontenotsaid.“Andshesaid,‘That’sthekindofsituation.’”Hefeltsympathetictotheyoungboyandwantedtohelp.SoheaskedTamarion’smomifhecouldtakehersontodosomeshopping.Fontenotpostedvideosoftheirtriptothemallonsocialmediaandtheywentviral.Tamarioneventuallysmiled,andthenthetwowerelaughingandsingingtogetherontheirshoppingtrip.Justasifheweretakinghisownsontodosomeshopping,FontenotgotTamarionnewclothesandshoes,andsharedwordsofwisdomwithhim.Then,thedadunitedthetwoboys.Hesaiditwasawkwardatfirst—justadayearlier,theydidn’tgetalongwellatschool.Butthetwoclassmatesstartedplayingsportsgamestogetherandsoonbecamefriends.Itwasnotjustabouttheclothesandshoes.TamariongainedafriendinJordan,andamentorinhisdad.Fontenotsaidhewasalsobulliedwhenhewasachild,soheknewitwasimportanttolistentoTamarion’sstory.Hechosekindnessinsteadofangerandbroughtthetwoboystogether.“Iwouldn’tsaythatwasthegoal,butthatwasthereward,”Fontenotsaid.4.WhatwasFontenot’sattitudetowardhisson’sbeingbullied?A.Amazedandembarrassed. B.Angryandimpatient. C.Calmandsensible. D.Sadanddiscouraged.5.Whydoestheauthorsay“somethingunexpectedhappened”inthesecondparagraph?A.FontenotlikedTamarioninstantly. B.TamarionbulliedJordanoutofkindness.C.Tamarionwasalsoavictimofbullying. D.FontenotandTamarion’smotherusedtobefriends.6.WhatdidFontenotdotosolvetheproblemofbullying?A.Heturnedtotheschoolforhelp. B.HeaskedTamarion’smothertosettletheproblem.CHeorderedhissonnevertoplaywithTamarionagain. D.Hemadethetwoboysunitedandjointogether.7.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A.Jordan’sbeingbulliedarosefromhisclothesandshoes.B.JordanandTamariongotalongwellinthebeginning.C.Tamarion’smotherpaidlittleattentiontoTamarion.D.FontenotcommunicatedwithTamarion’smothertoknowabouthim.【答案】4.C5.C6.D7.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一位父親對于孩子在學校受到欺負時如何處理這種情況。該孩子的父親了解到欺負他兒子的學生也受到別人欺負時，該父親表示同情，并為這個孩子買了衣服和鞋子，最后這兩個孩子成了朋友?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenaHoustondadfoundouthiseight-year-oldsonwasbeingbullied,hedidn’tgetmadattheclassmatewhoteasedhim.Instead,hetalkedwiththeso-calledbullyandrealizedthattheboywasstruggling,too.(當休斯頓的一位父親發(fā)現(xiàn)他八歲的兒子被欺負時，他沒有對取笑他的同學生氣。相反，他與所謂的惡霸交談，意識到男孩也在掙扎。)”可知，F(xiàn)ontenot對于Jordan在學校被欺負這件事的態(tài)度是冷靜和理智的。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“TamariontoldFontenothewasbeingteasedatschool,too.(Tamarion告訴Fontenot，他在學校也被取笑。)”可知，作者提到了意料之外的情況，是為了說明Tamarion在學校也是被欺負的受害者。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Then,thedadunitedthetwoboys.Hesaiditwasawkwardatfirst-justadayearlier,theydidn’tgetalongwellatschool.Butthetwoclassmatesstartedplayingsportsgamestogetherandsoonbecamefriends.(然后，父親把兩個男孩聯(lián)合起來。他說剛開始的時候很尷尬，就在前一天，他們在學校相處得不好。但兩個同學開始一起玩體育游戲，很快就成了朋友。)”以及最后一段“Hechosekindnessinsteadofangerandbroughtthetwoboystogether.(他選擇了善良而不是憤怒，把兩個男孩帶到了一起。)”可知，F(xiàn)ontenot通過讓這兩個孩子聯(lián)合在一起解決了這個問題。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Fontenotthenspoketotheboy’smother.“Shekindofconfirmedit,”Fontenotsaid.“Andshesaid,‘That’sthekindofsituation.’”(Fontenot隨后與男孩的母親交談。“她有點證實了這一點，”豐特諾說。她說，‘就是這種情況?！?”可知，F(xiàn)ontenot通過和Tamarion母親的交流了解了該孩子的一些情況。故選D項。CStandinginmyoffice25yearsagowasanunknownyoungastronomerwithahalf-smileonherface.Shehadcomewithanimpossiblerequestthatmyteammodify(修改)ourthoroughlytestedsoftwaretomakeoneofourmostimportantscientificinstrumentsdosomethingithadneverbeendesignedforandriskbreakingit.Alltocarryoutanexperimentthatwasbasicallyawasteoftimeandcouldn’tbedone—provethatamassiveblackholelayatthecenterofourMilkyWay.Myinitial“noway”graduallygavewayinthefaceofhercheerfulbutfirmdetermination.AndreaGhez,oneofthreewinnersofthisyear’sNobelPrizeinPhysics,impressedmewithherworkonprovidingsolidevidenceofasupermassiveblackholewiththemassoffourmillionsunslivingatthecenteroftheMilkyWaygalaxy.ThatdeterminationandthewillingnesstotakecalculatedriskshasalwayscharacterizedAndrea.For25yearsshehasfocusedalmostcompletelyonSagittariusA-thenameofourownlocalsupermassiveblackhole.Itisremarkablethatanentirefieldofstudyhasgrownupinthequartercentury,ofsearchingforandfindingevidenceofthesemonstersthoughttolieattheheartofeverylargegalaxy.AndreadidherworkattheW.M.KeckObservatory’s(天文臺)twintelescopesonMaunakea,Hawaii,inthecalmandclearairalmost14000feetabovethePacificOcean.ShestartedusingtheveryfirstinstrumentfixedonKeckObservatory’sNearInfraredCamera(NIRC),nowgracingthelobby(大廳)atourheadquarters.Andreaisfondofpointingoutthatoneofthereasonsforhersuccesshasbeenthistightandrapidloop(循環(huán))betweentheneedsoftheastronomersandtheengineerswhorespondedtothechallenge.Thisismyfriendandlongtimecolleague,theonewhorefusedtotake“no”forananswer:AndreaGhez,winnerofthe2020NobelPrizeinPhysics.8.WhichwordsbestdescribeAndreaGhez?A.Confidentandadaptable. B.Determinedandcreative.C.Braveandkind. D.Cooperativeandgenerous.9.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.TheNoblePrizeforphysics. B.HowAndreawontheNobel.C.Friendshipbetweencolleagues. D.WhatmakesAndreadifferent.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gracing”inParagraph4mean?A.Bringinghonourto. B.Beingkindenoughtoattend.C.Movinginasmoothway. D.Advancingthelevel.11.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Aresearchpaper. B.Asciencefiction.C.Awebsiteaboutscientists. D.Afashionmagazine.【答案】8.B9.B10.A11.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了2020年諾貝爾物理學獎得主安德烈婭·蓋茲是如何獲得諾貝爾獎的。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Shehadcomewithanimpossiblerequestthatmyteammodifyourthoroughlytestedsoftwaretomakeoneofourmostimportantscientificinstrumentsdosomethingithadneverbeendesignedforandriskbreakingit.Alltocarryoutanexperimentthatwasbasicallyawasteoftimeandcouldn’tbedone—provethatamassiveblackholelayatthecenterofourMilkyWay.(她提出了一個似乎不可能的請求，要求我的團隊修改我們經(jīng)過徹底測試的軟件，使我們最重要的科學儀器之一能夠完成它從未被設計過的任務，并冒著破壞它的風險。所有這些都是為了進行一個基本上是浪費時間而且無法完成的實驗——證明一個巨大的黑洞位于我們銀河系的中心)”以及第三段“ThatdeterminationandthewillingnesstotakecalculatedriskshasalwayscharacterizedAndrea.(這種決心和愿意承擔計算風險一直是安德烈婭的特點)”可知，安德烈婭提出非常有創(chuàng)造力的請求并堅定地去證明它，她是有決心并且有創(chuàng)造力的。故選B項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thisismyfriendandlongtimecolleague,theonewhorefusedtotake“no”forananswer:AndreaGhez,winnerofthe2020NobelPrizeinPhysics.(這是我的朋友，也是我的老同事，一個拒絕接受“不”答案的人：安德烈婭·蓋茲，2020年諾貝爾物理學獎獲得者)”以及上文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了安德烈婭是如何成功獲得諾貝爾獎的。故選B項?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“For25yearsshehasfocusedalmostcompletelyonSagittariusA-thenameofourownlocalsupermassiveblackhole.Itisremarkablethatanentirefieldofstudyhasgrownupinthequartercentury,ofsearchingforandfindingevidenceofthesemonstersthoughttolieattheheartofeverylargegalaxy.(25年來，她幾乎完全專注于人馬座A——我們當?shù)爻筚|(zhì)量黑洞的名字。值得注意的是，在25年的時間里，整個研究領域都在發(fā)展，尋找并找到這些被認為位于每個大星系中心的龐然大物的證據(jù))”以及第四段“ShestartedusingtheveryfirstinstrumentfixedonKeckObservatory’sNearInfraredCamera(NIRC),nowgracingthelobbyatourheadquarters.(她開始使用第一臺在凱克天文臺近紅外照相機（NIRC）改造的儀器，現(xiàn)在gracing我們總部的大廳)”可知，安德烈婭專注于人馬座A的研究，引領整個研究領域發(fā)展，她所做的研究為整個總部帶來榮譽，這臺紅外照相機是第一臺機器，用紀念意義，因此放在大廳里是帶領榮耀的，故推測劃線單詞表示“為……帶來榮譽”，即bringinghonourto。故選A項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thisismyfriendandlongtimecolleague,theonewhorefusedtotake“no”forananswer:AndreaGhez,winnerofthe2020NobelPrizeinPhysics.(這是我的朋友，也是我的老同事，一個拒絕接受“不”答案的人：安德烈婭·蓋茲，2020年諾貝爾物理學獎獲得者)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了2020年諾貝爾物理學獎得主安德烈婭·蓋茲是如何獲得諾貝爾獎的，推測文章來自一個有關科學家的網(wǎng)站。故選C項。DThefirstgreatagriculturalrevolutionhappened10,000yearsago,whenhumanssettledonfarms.Thesecondwasthe“greenrevolution”fromthe1930stothe1960s,inwhichadvancesinfertilization,mechanization,andirrigationdramaticallyincreasedglobalfoodproduction.Thethirdislikelytocomefrominformation,asdigitaltechnologyandbigdatahelpfarmersmakebetterdecisionsanddriveupcropproduction.MichaelStern,presidentandchiefexecutiveofficerofClimateCorp.,saidthattheabilitytogatherdetailedinformationaboutfarmers’fields,coupledwithadvancesinweatherforecasting,computingpower,andartificialintelligence,willchangefarmingfromabusinessthatoftenreactstothepast—applyinginsecticidethisyearbecauseofadiseaseoutbreaklastyear—toonethatusesreal-timedataandweatherforecaststomakemoreaccuratedecisionsfortheseasontocome.Overthecourseofagrowingseason,farmersmake40to50keydecisionsthataffectcropperformance.Recenttrendsthathavesweptotherareasofsociety—suchascheapdatastorage,theabilitytotransferdatawitlessly,anddramaticincreasesincomputingpower—havethepotentialtotransformthefarm.Stemofferedtheexampleofafarmerpreparingfortheregularfallfertilizingofhisfieldswhodelaystheapplicationafterbeinginformedofacomingstorm.Thatdecisionreducesrunoff,keepsfertilizeronthefield,andhelpscontrolsfarmer’scosts.Asdatagathersseasonafterseason,computermodelswillhelpfarmersbettermanagefertilizerandotheradditionstooptimizeproductionandminimizerunoff.Remotesensingisanotherwaythatmoderntechnologycanhelpfarmersknowwhat’sgoingonintheirfields.Manyfarmersdrivearoundtomonitorgrowthandwatchforpestsanddiseases.Butthesesurveysaretypicallyrandomanddon’tcovermorethan2percentofafield.Remotesensingcanprovideaccuratedatathatcoversanentirefieldandcablesrecommendationstailoredtowhat’sgoingoninthestrickenarea.12.Whatmaythethirdagriculturalrevolutionhelpfarmersdointhefuture?A.Makereasonabledecisions. B.Graspcomputingability.C.Dealwithbigdata. D.Developbusinesspotentials.13.WhydidtheauthorgiveanexampleinParagraph4accordingtothetext?A.Toconfirmthecomingofastorm. B.Toexplainthereasonoffertilizerrunoff.C.Tostresstheeffectofinformationapplication. D.Toshowtheuseofcomputermodels.14.Whatistheadvantageoftheremotesensingtechnology?A.Itcanshowtypicalrandom. B.ItcandriveupcropproductionC.Itcanremovepestsanddiseases. D.Itcanofferexactstatistics.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothecomingagriculturerevolution?A.Opposed. B.Neutral. C.Positive. D.Unclear.【答案】12.A13.D14.D15.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了第三次農(nóng)業(yè)革命可能來自信息，數(shù)字技術和大數(shù)據(jù)在農(nóng)業(yè)中的運用，將有助于農(nóng)民做出更好的決策，提高作物產(chǎn)量。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thethirdislikelytocomefrominformation,asdigitaltechnologyandbigdatahelpfarmersmakebetterdecisionsanddriveupcropproduction.(第三詞可能來自信息，因為數(shù)字技術和大數(shù)據(jù)有助于農(nóng)民做出更好的決策，提高作物產(chǎn)量)”可知，第三次農(nóng)業(yè)革命可以幫助農(nóng)民做出合理的決定。故選A項。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Stemofferedtheexampleofafarmerpreparingfortheregularfallfertilizingofhisfieldswhodelaystheapplicationafterbeinginformedofacomingstorm.Thatdecisionreducesrunoff,keepsfertilizeronthefield,andhelpscontrolsfarmer’scosts.Asdatagathersseasonafterseason,computermodelswillhelpfarmersbettermanagefertilizerandotheradditionstooptimizeproductionandminimizerunoff.(Stem提供了一個例子，一位準備在秋季在田里定期施肥的農(nóng)民在得知即將到來的風暴后，推遲了施肥。這一決定減少了徑流，使肥料留在田里，并有助于控制農(nóng)民的成本。隨著數(shù)據(jù)逐季收集，計算機模型將幫助農(nóng)民更好地管理肥料和其他添加物，以優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)，最大限度地減少徑流)”可知，作者用一個具體事例來展示了計算機模型的具體應用。故選D項?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Remotesensingcanprovideaccuratedatathatcoversanentirefieldandcablesrecommendationstailoredtowhat’sgoingoninthestrickenarea.(遙感可以提供覆蓋整個地區(qū)的準確數(shù)據(jù)，并根據(jù)受災地區(qū)的情況提供建議)”可知，遙感技術可以提供準確的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)。故選D項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thethirdislikelytocomefrominformation,asdigitaltechnologyandbigdatahelpfarmersmakebetterdecisionsanddriveupcropproduction.(第三次可能來自信息，因為數(shù)字技術和大數(shù)據(jù)有助于農(nóng)民做出更好的決策，提高作物產(chǎn)量)”以及后文舉例證明這一點可知，作者對即將到來的第三次農(nóng)業(yè)革命持有積極的態(tài)度。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whydowefeelanxietyaboutstartingsomethingnew?_____16_____?Trythefollowingtoovercomethatfearandmoveforward.Thefirstwaywecanbegintodealwithouranxietyistoacknowledgeit.Whenwedon’tacknowledgeourfear,it’seasytoletitcontrolus._____17_____.Withoutreflection,fearrunsrampant(猖獗的).Butoncetheanxietyisacknowledged,youcanbegintoeaseitwithlogicalandemotionalarguments._____18_____.Onepowerfulwaytoeaseyourfearsistoembraceyouranxiety.Getfamiliarwiththefeelingofbeingafraid,andacceptit!It’stheretoprotectyou,butitdoesn’thavetocontrolyou.Infact,goaheadandacceptthatfailureispossible.Evenplanondoingitwrongfirst.Anotherwaytoreduceanxietyistoconcentrateyourlifeonleaning,insteadofachievement.Whenyoushiftyourfocusawayfrombadgesofsuccessandtoalearningmindset,_____19_____.Yourultimategoalissimplytolearn.Finally,justremembereveryonefeelsfear.Everyonehastogothroughlearningperiodsbeforetheyfindwhatreallyworks.Allthemostsuccessfulpeoplehaveactuallyjustfailedmorethanregularpeople.Thoughhavingfailedmanytimes,they’veendeduplearningmorethanmostandbuildingsomethinggreat._____20_____.That’swhyweneedcourage.Soifallelsefails,justdoitscared.A.we’renervoustorevealourselvesB.AcceptthepossibilityoffailurenextC.itmakestryingnewthingsmuchlessscaryD.Whydoweholdourselvesbackfrombeginninganewjob,anewbusiness,startingorendingarelationshipE.That’swhyit’ssoimportanttoreflectonwhyyouarehesitanttobeginyournewprojectF.Actually,anxietyaboutstartingsomethingnewneverreallygoesawayG.Secondly,failuredoesnotmakeyouanylessworthyoftrying【答案】16.D17.E18.B19.C20.F【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了克服恐懼的幾種方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空后的問號可知，空處為疑問句。選項中只有D“Whydoweholdourselvesbackfrombeginninganewjob,anewbusiness,startingorendingarelationship(試試下面的方法來克服恐懼，繼續(xù)前進)”是疑問句，形式上符合；內(nèi)容也和下文“Trythefollowingtoovercomethatfearandmoveforward.(為什么我們會在開始一份新工作、一項新業(yè)務、開始或結束一段關系時阻礙自己)”保持一致，下一句為本句問題的解答。故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Withoutreflection,fearrunsrampant(猖獗的).(沒有反思，恐懼就會泛濫)”可知，空處應提到反思的重要性。選項E“That’swhyit’ssoimportanttoreflectonwhyyouarehesitanttobeginyournewproject(這就是為什么反思為什么你在開始新項目時猶豫不決是如此重要)”，與上下文內(nèi)容一致。故選E?！?8題詳解】空處為段首句，為本段中心句。根據(jù)下文“Onepowerfulwaytoeaseyourfearsistoembraceyouranxiety.Getfamiliarwiththefeelingofbeingafraid,andacceptit!It’stheretoprotectyou,butitdoesn’thavetocontrolyou.Infact,goaheadandacceptthatfailureispossible.Evenplanondoingitwrongfirst.(緩解恐懼的一個有效方法就是擁抱焦慮。熟悉害怕的感覺，并接受它!它是用來保護你的，但它不需要控制你。事實上，勇往直前，接受失敗是可能的。甚至一開始就打算做錯)”可知，心理上接收失敗的可能性也是緩解恐懼的一種方法。選項B“Acceptthepossibilityoffailurenext(接受失敗的可能性)”與下文一致，為本段主要內(nèi)容。故選B?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空前的逗號可知，空處首字母無需大寫。故答案在選項A和C中產(chǎn)生。根據(jù)段首句“Anotherwaytoreduceanxietyistoconcentrateyourlifeonleaning,insteadofachievement.(另一個減少焦慮的方法是把你的生活集中在學習上，而不是成就)”可知，專注學習也是減少焦慮的方法。選項C“itmakestryingnewthingsmuchlessscary(它讓嘗試新事物變得不那么可怕)”正是指的不會那么恐懼。故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“That’swhyweneedcourage.Soifallelsefails,justdoitscared.(這就是為什么我們需要勇氣。所以，如果所有的方法都失敗了，那就恐懼地去做)”說明空處所填內(nèi)容指的是“下文需要勇氣的原因”再根據(jù)“恐懼地去做”說明指的是恐懼并不會消失。選項F“Actually,anxietyaboutstartingsomethingnewneverreallygoesaway(事實上，開始新事物的焦慮從未真正消失)”與下文一致。故選F。第三部分:英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ShuaiXiaoyunisa41-year-olddoctorinQituovillageinApengjiang,SouthwestChina’sChongqing.Andshehas___21___thehealthandwell-beingofthelocalsforalmosttwodecades.Thevillagewasalwayshitbyheavysnowfall,whichresultedinlayersof___22___snowandicecoveringtheroads.Shuaiknewthiswouldtroublethoseseeking___23___,soshevisitedherpatientsonfootandofferedher___24___doortodoor.“Icannot___25___thevillagers’illnessesjustbecausetheroadishardto___26___.”saidShuai.AgraduatefromajuniorcollegeofWesternmedicinein1995,Shuai___27___workedawayfromQituoatapharmacy(藥店)inthecityofChongqing.Asshefelt___28___overtheyears,sheeventuallydecidedto___29___toApengjiangshemisseddayandnightand____30____asmallshopinherhometown.Afterlearninghow____31____itwasforthevillagersofQituoto____32____propermedicaltreatmentduetothelackofdoctors,Shuaiwantedtohelptheplacewhereshe____33____withhermedicalexpertise.Puttingher____34____intoaction,shebecameamaternalandchildhealthcareworker(婦幼保健工作者)forall963villagersin393households.Overtheyears,Shuaihasdroppedinateverycornerofthevillage.She____35____theheartsofthevillagerswithherenthusiasmandprofessionalismandthey____36____herastheirowndaughterandsister.“ShuaiXiaoyunisquite____37____everytimeaskingaboutillnessesindetail.Weallloveherverymuchandtreatherlikea____38____,”saidZhangYugui,aresidentofQituo.“Wearenotfamilybybloodbutweareascloseasafamily.Thereisa____39____betweenus,”saidShuai,“Iwillcontinueworkingandprovidetreatmentswheneveraneedis____40____.”21.A.recorded B.guarded C.investigated D.proved22.A.deep B.soft C.short D.thin23.A.means B.chances C.treatments D.profits24.A.materials B.invitations C.rewards D.services25.A.predict B.deny C.prevent D.ignore26.A.rideon B.jumpoff C.walkon D.escapefrom27.A.originally B.secretly C.finally D.occasionally28.A.exhausted B.homesick C.content D.challenged29.A.return B.refer C.signal D.turn30.A.decorated B.donated C.operated D.advertised31.A.fantastic B.tough C.relaxing D.boring32.A.seek B.offer C.refuse D.quit33.A.hungout B.calledat C.grewup D.escapedfrom34.A.theories B.thoughts C.promises D.assumptions35.A.broke B.opened C.followed D.won36.A.missed B.educated C.raised D.considered37.A.patient B.direct C.nervous D.proud38.A.graduate B.visitor C.relative D.customer39.A.date B.deal C.barrier D.bond40.A.avoided B.shown C.satisfied D.accepted【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.D26.C27.A28.B29.A30.C31.B32.A33.C34.B35.D36.D37.A38.C39.D40.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了守護393戶963名村民的婦幼保健工作者——帥小云的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：近20年來，她一直保護著當?shù)厝说慕】岛透ｌ?。A.recorded記錄；B.guarded守衛(wèi)；C.investigated調(diào)查；D.proved證明。由下文“Puttingher______14______intoaction,shebecameamaternalandchildhealthcareworker(婦幼保健工作者)forall963villagersin393households.”可知，帥小云是一名婦幼保健工作者，一直守衛(wèi)著人們的健康，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這個村莊經(jīng)常遭到大雪的襲擊，導致道路被厚厚的積雪和冰層覆蓋。A.deep深的；B.soft軟的；C.short短的；D.thin薄的。由上文“Thevillagewasalwayshitbyheavysnowfall,whichresultedinlayersof”可知，大雪很大，所以地面的積雪很深，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：帥小云知道這會給那些尋求治療的人帶來麻煩，所以她步行去看望她的病人，挨家挨戶地給人們提供服務。A.means方法；B.chances機會；C.treatments治療；D.profits利潤。由下文“soshevisitedherpatientsonfoot”可知，此處指尋求治療的病人，故選C。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：帥小云知道這會給那些尋求治療的人帶來麻煩，所以她步行去看望她的病人，挨家挨戶地給人們提供服務。A.materials材料；B.invitations邀請；C.rewards獎勵；D.services服務。由上文“soshevisitedherpatientsonfootandofferedher”可知，帥小云步行去看望病人，給他們提供服務，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：帥小云說，“我不能因為路不好走就忽視村民的疾病”。A.predict預測；B.deny否認；C.prevent預防；D.ignore忽視。由下文“Icannot_____5_____thevillagers’illnessesjustbecausetheroadishardto____6____”可知，雖然路很難走，但是帥小云沒有因此忽視病人的疾病，她步行去給病人看病，故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：帥說，“我不能因為路不好走就忽視村民的疾病”。A.rideon騎在……上面；B.jumpoff跳下來；C.walkon繼續(xù)行走；D.escapefrom逃脫。由上文“Thevillagewasalwayshitbyheavysnowfall,whichresultedinlayersof____2___snowandicecoveringtheroads.”可知，這個村莊經(jīng)常下大雪，路面有積雪，所以道路很難走，故選C?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她1995年畢業(yè)于西醫(yī)?？茖W校，最初在重慶一家藥店工作。A.originally起初；B.secretly秘密地；C.finally最終；D.occasionally偶爾。由上下文“AgraduatefromajuniorcollegeofWesternmedicinein1995,Shuai____7____workedawayfromQituoatapharmacy”可知，帥小云畢業(yè)后，最初在一家藥店上班，故選A?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于多年來一直想家，她最終決定回到日夜思念的阿彭江，在家鄉(xiāng)開了一家小店。A.exhausted筋疲力盡的；B.homesick想家的；C.content滿意的；D.challenged受到挑戰(zhàn)的。由下文“Apengjiangshemisseddayandnight”可知，帥小云想念自己的家鄉(xiāng)，故選B。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：由于多年來一直想家，她最終決定回到日夜思念的阿彭江，在家鄉(xiāng)開了一家小店。A.return返回；B.refer提到；C.signal發(fā)信號；D.turn使轉(zhuǎn)動。由上下文“sheeventuallydecidedto_____9____toApengjiangshemisseddayandnight”可知，帥小云最終因為想家而回到了家鄉(xiāng)開了一家小店，故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：由于多年來一直想家，她最終決定回到日夜思念的阿彭江，在家鄉(xiāng)開了一家小店。A.decorated裝飾；B.donated捐贈；C.operated操作；經(jīng)營；D.advertised做廣告。由下文“asmallshopinherhometown.”可知，帥小云在家鄉(xiāng)開了一家小店，故選C?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在了解到基托村民由于缺少醫(yī)生而難以得到適當?shù)闹委熤?，帥想用她的醫(yī)術幫助這個她從小長大的地方。A.fantastic極好的；B.tough艱難的；C.relaxing令人放松的；D.boring令人厭煩的。由下文“duetothelackofdoctors”可知，由于缺少醫(yī)生，基托村村民很難得到適當?shù)闹委?，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在了解到基托村民由于缺少醫(yī)生而難以得到適當?shù)闹委熤?，帥想用她的醫(yī)術幫助這個她從小長大的地方。A.seek尋找；B.offer提供；C.refuse拒絕；D.quit停止。由下文“Afterlearninghow____11____itwasforthevillagersofQituoto_____12_____propermedicaltreatmentduetothelackofdoctors”可知，帥小云家鄉(xiāng)缺少醫(yī)生，當?shù)鼐用裆×艘埠茈y尋求到合適的治療，故選A。【33題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：在了解到基托村民由于缺少醫(yī)生而難以得到適當?shù)闹委熤螅瑤浶≡葡胗盟尼t(yī)術幫助這個她從小長大的地方。A.hungout閑逛；B.calledat拜訪；C.grewup長大；D.escapedfrom逃脫。由上文“sheeventuallydecidedto___9___toApengjiangshemisseddayandnightand____10____asmallshopinherhometown”可知，帥小云回到了她從小長大的家鄉(xiāng)，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她將自己的想法付諸實踐，成為393戶963名村民的婦幼保健工作者。A.theories理論；B.thoughts思想；C.promises承諾；D.assumptions假設。由上文“Shuaiwantedtohelptheplacewhereshe___14_____withhermedicalexpertise”和下文“shebecameamaternalandchildhealthcareworker(婦幼保健工作者)forall963villagersin393households.”可知，帥小云想要幫助家鄉(xiāng)的村民，于是將自己的想法付諸實踐，成為了一名婦幼保健工作者，故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她的熱情和專業(yè)贏得了村民的心，他們把她當作自己的親生女兒和妹妹。A.broke打破；B.opened打開；C.followed跟隨；D.won贏得。由下文“theheartsofthevillagerswithherenthusiasmandprofessionalismandthey___16___herastheirowndaughterandsister.”可知，村民把帥小云當做家人，這是因為她的熱情和專業(yè)贏得了村民的心。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她的熱情和專業(yè)贏得了村民的心，他們把她當作自己的親生女兒和妹妹。A.missed錯過；B.educated教育；C.raised提高；D.considered考慮；視為。由下文“herastheirowndaughterandsister.”可知，村民把帥小云視為親生女兒和妹妹，consider...as是固定搭配，意為“把……視為……”，故選D。【37題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：帥小云每次詳細地詢問病人的病情時都很耐心。A.patient耐心的；B.direct直接的；C.nervous緊張的；D.proud驕傲的。由下文“everytimeaskingaboutillnessesindetail”可知，帥小云對待病人很耐心，故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：基托村的一個村民，張玉貴說，“我們都非常愛她，把她當親戚一樣對待?！盇.graduate畢業(yè)生；B.visitor參觀者；C.relative親戚；D.customer顧客。由上文“Weallloveherverymuchandtreatherlikea”可知，村民很愛帥小云，把她當做親