2023年高考英語復(fù)習(xí)沖刺非謂語動(dòng)詞真題解析

102023高考英語復(fù)習(xí)沖刺非謂語動(dòng)詞真題解析一、 非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語〔一〕[學(xué)問要點(diǎn)]分詞作狀語，可表示緣由、時(shí)間、條件、結(jié)果、伴隨狀況和方式等等?，F(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)分：確定要結(jié)合分詞的規(guī)律主語〔一般是句子的主語〕去理解它們的區(qū)分和推斷用現(xiàn)在分詞還是用過去分詞。假設(shè)分詞與其規(guī)律主語存在規(guī)律上的主謂關(guān)系，就用現(xiàn)在分詞；假設(shè)存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，則用過去分詞。3．分詞作狀語一般要和它的規(guī)律主語保持全都，但是有一些固定的分詞短語卻可以不和其generallyspeaking,considering…,given…,judgingfrom…等等。4完成式和完成時(shí)態(tài)的含義相像，表示動(dòng)作先于謂語動(dòng)詞發(fā)生。[試題賞析]Themanager, itcleartousthathedidn’tagreewithus,leftthemeetingroom.whohasmade B.havingmade C.made D.makingThestormleft, alotofdamagetothisarea.caused B.tohavecaused C.tocause D.havingcaused fromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.Beingseparated B.Havingseparated C.Havingbeenseparated D.Tobeseparated析：這幾題都是考察現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語。例1選BA，A的考生沒有從時(shí)態(tài)上去認(rèn)真分析。假設(shè)要使選項(xiàng)Awhohadmade。現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式此處作時(shí)間狀語，相當(dāng)于afterhehadmadeitcleartous…，而不能whohadmadeitclear…。2Dafterithaddonealotofdamagetothisarea3Cformillionsofyears去分析。此處分詞短語可改為Asithasseparatedfromothercontinentsformillionsofyear?！癥oucan’tcatchme!”Janetshouted, away.run B.running C.torun D.ranOilpriceshaverisenby32%sincethestartofthisyear, arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.havereached B.reaching C.toreach D.tobereachingDaddydidn’tmindwhatweweredoing,aslongasweweretogether, fun.had B.have C.tohave D.havingMoreandmorepeoplearesigningforYogaclassesnowadays, advantageofhealthandrelaxationbenefits.taking B.taken C.havingtaken D.havingbeentaken4B。runningaway作伴隨狀語，原句可改為：…Janetshoutedandranaway.5B6D。7A。Whilewatchingtelevision, .thedoorbellrang B.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellring D.wehearddoorbellringsC。watchingtelevisionwe。 inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.Dressed B.Todress C.Dressing D.Havingdressed inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.Havinglost B.Lost C.Beinglost D.Losing inuseinApril2023,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.Put B.Putting C.Havingput D.Beingput39ADressedinawhiteuniform=Whenhesdnae。例0選tnesrak=theyhadbeenlostinthemountainsforawee11APutinuseinApril2023=WhenitwasputinuseinApril2023?！捕砙學(xué)問要點(diǎn)]不定式可作目的狀語，通常在其前面加上短語nro/os，其否認(rèn)形式不行tonotsoasnotto/inordernotto來表示。例如：Igotupearlyinordernottomisstheearlybustheotherday.不定式可作結(jié)果狀語。留意其和現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)分：不定式表示出人意料的、偶然的結(jié)果，而現(xiàn)在分詞表示符合規(guī)律的、必定發(fā)生的結(jié)果。例如：Ithasbeenrainingnonstopforoneweeksofar,completelyruiningmyholiday.Shehurriedtotheairport,onlytofindthattheplanehadtakenoff.[試題賞析]–Cantheprojectbefinishedasplanned.--Sure, itcompletedintime,we’llworktwomorehoursaday.havinggot B.toget C.getting D.getItwasunbelievablethatfanswaitedoutsidethegymforthreehoursjust lookatthesportsstars.had B.having C.tohave D.haveAllthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately intimeforChristmas.inordertohavereceived B.inordertoreceiveC.soastobereceived D.soastobereceiving析：這幾題都考察不定式作目的狀語。例12B1314C。禮物是被收到，因此不定式要用被動(dòng)式。二、 非謂語動(dòng)詞作主語、賓語[學(xué)問要點(diǎn)]不定式與-ingform均可作主語，有時(shí)可通用。談?wù)撘话阈缘幕顒?dòng)時(shí)往往用-ingform，談?wù)撘粋€(gè)特定的動(dòng)作，多用不定式。例如：Toseeistobelieve.(=Seeingisbelieving.)Itwasdifficulttosellmyoldcar.Sellinginsurance〔保險(xiǎn)〕isaboringjob.接不定式作賓語的常見動(dòng)詞有：agree,afford,appear,ask,begin,choose,decide,,,,,,,,,,,,form作賓語的常見動(dòng)詞有：appreciate,avoid,consider,dislike,enjoy,escape,face,feellike,finish,giveup,can’thelpimagine,mind,miss,practise,putoff,risk,suggest,understand等。有些動(dòng)詞之后既可接不定式也可接-ingform，但是含義不同。接不定式表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生-ingformremember,forget,stop,goon,regret等。gm,,hate,prefer等。[試題賞析]Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview,forhecouldn’trisk thegoodopportunity.tolose B.losing C.tobelost D.beinglostIt’snecessarytobepreparedforajobinterview. theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.Tohavehad B.Havinghad C.Have D.HavingWhenaskedbythepolice,hesaidthatheremembered atparty,butnot .WhentelephoningLondonnumbersWhentelephoningLondonnumbersfromabroad,dial1,not01.從外國往倫敦打，析15C。risk后面接-ingform16D。Havingtheanswersready充當(dāng)主A17C。rememberdoingsth.表示記得過去做過某事，remembertodosth.表示記得要去做某事。三、連詞之后加分詞[學(xué)問要點(diǎn)]分詞短語常常可以用在一些介詞或連詞如after,before,since,when,while,whenever,once,until,on之后，例如：AftertalkingtoyouIalwaysfeelbetter.跟您談?wù)勚?，我總是覺得好一些。101。Oncedeprivedofoxygen,thebraindies. 一旦缺氧，腦子就死了。Leaveinovenuntilcookedtolightbrowncolor. 放在烤爐里烤成焦黃色為止。[試題賞析]When help,oneoftensays“Thankyou.”O(jiān)r“It’skindofyou.”offering B.tooffer C.tobeoffered D.offered析D。when后面直接接過去分詞，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)省略了的狀語從句：Whenoneisofferedhelp。四、非謂語動(dòng)詞作補(bǔ)語[學(xué)問要點(diǎn)]1．分詞作賓補(bǔ)，其前面的賓語就是分詞的規(guī)律主語，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)的、正在進(jìn)展的動(dòng)作，過去分詞表示被動(dòng)的、完成的動(dòng)作。具有這種用法的謂語動(dòng)詞多為表示感覺的動(dòng)詞如：find,see,hear,smell,watch,notice,lookat,listento等。另外，有些使役動(dòng)詞如：have,set,get,catch,keep,leave,send等亦可如此使用。例如：Isawhimhittingthedogwithastick.Isawthenethauledin. 我觀看網(wǎng)拉上來了。Isawthenetbeinghauledin. 我觀看網(wǎng)正在拉上來。I’llhavemycarrepairedtomorrow.2．不定式作賓補(bǔ)可接動(dòng)詞原形作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：feel,see,hear,watch,notice,make,let,have,helpto要補(bǔ)起來?？山訋的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有,,,,,,,want,order,wish等。有些動(dòng)詞如say,consider,think,suppose,believe,report等用在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，后面可接動(dòng)詞不定式。[試題賞析]–IsBobstillperforming?--I’mafraidnot.Heissaid thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.A.tohaveleft B.toleave C.tohavebeenleft D.tobeleft析A…Itissaidthathehasleftthestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.五、含非謂語動(dòng)詞的獨(dú)立構(gòu)造[學(xué)問要點(diǎn)]分詞有其獨(dú)立的規(guī)律主語，這種主語常常是名詞或代詞主格，置于現(xiàn)在分詞之前，二者構(gòu)成一種分詞獨(dú)立構(gòu)造。例如：Weatherpermitting,wewillgocampingtomorrow. [表?xiàng)l件]Theriverhavingriseninthenight,thecrossingwasimpossible. [表緣由]Allthethingsbought,shewentbackhome. [表時(shí)間]Shegazed,herhandsclaspedtoherbreast. [表伴隨狀況]當(dāng)分詞短語表示伴隨狀況的時(shí)候，其主語常常用with來引導(dǎo)，構(gòu)成“with+復(fù)合賓語”的構(gòu)造。例如：Acarroaredpastwithsmokepouringfromtheexhaust.一輛小汽車呼地開了過去，排氣管冒出一團(tuán)團(tuán)黑煙。獨(dú)立主格構(gòu)造有時(shí)由獨(dú)立主格+動(dòng)詞不定式構(gòu)成。不定式可表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。請(qǐng)比較：Allthesegiftstobuy,Tomhurriedtotheshoppingcenter.Allthesegiftsbought,Tomlefttheshoppingcenterimmediately.[試題賞析]Isendyoul00dollarstoday,therest inayear.A.follows B.followed C.tofollow D.beingfollowed析Csendyou100dollarsandtherestwillfollowinayear.六、結(jié)合句型考察非謂語動(dòng)詞[學(xué)問要點(diǎn)]1．祈使句+從句。主句為祈使句，從句一般是條件、時(shí)間狀語從句。從句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句Don’t+動(dòng)詞原形。Don’tbringherbackunlesssheinsistsoncomingback.Callmeupassoonasyouarrive.2．祈使句+and/or+主句。這種句型中的祈使句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)條件從句，用and連接，or連接，那么祈使句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)否認(rèn)的條件從句。例如：Hurryuporyou’llbelateforthemeeting.=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llbelateforthemeeting.Workhardandyourdreamwillcometrue.=Ifyouworkhard,yourdreamwillcometrue.命題人利用一些含有非謂語動(dòng)詞的固定句型來考察非謂語動(dòng)詞。1〕Havesome/notrouble/difficulty(in)doingsth.做某事方面有/沒有困難。Aseverybodyknewhim,Ihadnodifficultyfindinghishouse.2〕It’snogood/usedoingsth.做某事沒有用。It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.3〕There’snopointindoingsth.做某事沒有意義。Thereisnopointinarguingwithhim,forhewon’tchangehismind.[試題賞析]–WhatshouldIdowiththispassage?-- themainideaofeachparagraph.findingout B.Foundout C.Findout D.TofindoutAtlast,wefoundourselvesinapleasantparkwithtreesprovidingshadeand downtoeatourpicniclunch.sitting B.havingsat C.tosit D.sat21C22D。satdownfound構(gòu)成并列的謂語動(dòng)詞?！緦?shí)戰(zhàn)演練】單項(xiàng)語法填空〔用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式填空〕Ittakessingle-useplasticbagshundredsofyears (take).【2023北京卷】Apieceofstone (find)onaDutchbeachsuggeststhatourextincthumanrelatives,knownasNeanderthals,wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.【2023北京卷】Technologicalinnovations, (combine)withgoodmarketing,willpromotethesalesoftheseproducts.【2023江蘇卷】Thespeedof6Gwillexceed125GB/s, (accountfor)anewgenerationofvirtualreality.【2023江蘇卷】Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 (find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.【2023全國卷I】Theymakegreatgiftsandyou seethemmanytimes (decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.【2023II】Theyareeasy (care)forandmakegreatpresents.2023II】Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandseto