Unit1-2知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)+練習(xí) 人教版英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)

八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下Unit1-2知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納Unit1重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):haveastomachachehaveacoldliedowntakeone’stemperaturehaveafevergotoadoctortoone’ssurpriseagreeto(dosth.)getintotroublebeusedtotakerisksrunout(of)cutoffgetoutofbeincontrolofkeepon(doingsth.）giveup語(yǔ)言知識(shí)歸納：1.What’sthematter(withyou)?此句用來(lái)詢問別人的病情。類似的句子還有：What’swrongwithyou?/What’sthetrouble?matter作動(dòng)詞用，意為“要緊”“有關(guān)系”，主要用于疑問句和否定句。Whatdoesitmatter?Itdoesn’tmatter.【例題】Doesit________ifwecan’tfinishittoday?A.mindB.mindsC.matterD.matters2.Ihaveasorethroat.have“患病”，常用“havea/an+名詞”.haveacoldhaveafeverhaveasorebackhaveastomachachehaveacough【例題】()---Doesheoftenhave______cold?---Yes.Healso_____acoughandasorethroat.A.a;hasB./;hasC.a;haveD./;have3.Liedownandrest!躺下休息liedown躺下單詞詞義過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞lie說(shuō)謊liedliedlyinglie躺，平放laylainlying4.That’sprobablywhy.那可能就是原因。probably意為“很可能，大概”，表示的可能性很大，是一種近乎肯定的意思。hurtv.使受傷；傷害；疼痛Hehurthislegwhenhefell.他摔傷的時(shí)候傷了腿。Myfeelingswerehurtwhenhedidn’taskmetotheparty.他沒有請(qǐng)我參加聚會(huì)使我很傷心。Thebusdriver,24-year-oldWangPing...公交車司機(jī)，24歲的王平……24-year-old是用連字符連接數(shù)字和名詞所構(gòu)成的一個(gè)形容詞結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是“24歲的”。（名詞必須用單數(shù)，常用在名詞前做定語(yǔ)）【例題】A____girlnamedDongXinyilookedafterherdisabledfather.A.three-year-oldB.three-years-oldC.Threeyearsoldexpectvt.期待；預(yù)期；期盼expect的常見用法:expect+名詞/代詞The

old

man

is

expecting

his

daughter’s

visit.expecttodosth.

I

expect

to

get

a

birthday

present

from

my

dad.

expectsb.todosth.Do

you

expect

him

to

teach

you

English?expect+從句I

expect

that

you

will

get

there

soon.

【辨析】expect與lookforwardto兩者都有期待的意思lookforwardtodoingsth.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingTom.Buttohissurprise...但是令他吃驚的是……toone’ssurprise表示“令人驚奇的是……”，相當(dāng)于“主語(yǔ)+be+surprised”Tohissurprise,hefoundthegirlwasbind.=Hewassurprisedtofindthegirlwasblind.令他驚奇的是，他發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)女孩是個(gè)盲人?！就卣埂縤nsurprise表示“驚奇的”，相當(dāng)于副詞性短語(yǔ)，用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞。Thetwogirlslookedateachotherinsurprise.那兩個(gè)女孩驚奇地互相看著。besurprisedat表示“對(duì)……感到驚訝”。Weareverysurprisedatthenews.聽到這個(gè)消息，我們很詫異。surprising表示“使人驚奇的”，作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是事物。Theydon’twantanytrouble.他們不想惹麻煩。=1\*GB3①trouble用作名詞，意為“煩惱，困難，麻煩，疾病等”。Hislifeisfulloftrouble.他的生活充滿了煩惱。What’sthetrouble?怎么了？=2\*GB3②trouble用作動(dòng)詞，意為“麻煩，打擾”。I’msorrytotroubleyou.抱歉打擾你。【拓展】與trouble相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)introuble處于困境中g(shù)etintotrouble陷入困境Havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困難【例題】-HowisyourEnglishstudy?-Notbad.ButI_____learningEnglishgrammar.A.aminterestedB.amgoodatC.havealittletroubleD.havenotrouble辨析usedtodosth.與beusedtosth./doingsth.↓↓過去常?！?xí)慣于某事/做某事Weusedtodrawpicturesbadly.Youwillgetusedtotheweatherhere.Intheend,Igotusedtodoinghardwork.辨析runout與runoutof人+runoutofTheyhaverunoutofthewater.物+runout(不可用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）Themoneyisrunningout.【例題】選出能代替句中畫線部分的一項(xiàng)()YesterdayIusedupallthesalttocookdumplings.Ineedtobuysomenow.A.ateupB.runoutofC.ranofD.ranoutofmakedecisions=makeadecision作出決定decision為decide的名詞形式makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.beincontrolof管理；控制Ateachershouldbeincontrolofhisclass.重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should的用法（1）should后接動(dòng)詞原形，變否定句在should后加not,變一般疑問句時(shí)將should提前。（2）should常用于以下兩種情況：=1\*GB3①提出建議Youlookedtired.Youshouldliedownandrest.=2\*GB3②表推測(cè)，意為“該，按理應(yīng)當(dāng)”。Waitaminute.Ithinkheshouldcomeinaminute.Unit2重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ):cleanupthecityparks打掃城市公園homelesspeople無(wú)家可歸的人cheerthemup使他們振作giveout/handout分發(fā)，散發(fā)atthefoodbank在食品分發(fā)站amafter-schoolstudyprogram課外學(xué)習(xí)小組ACityclean-upDay城市清潔日comeupwith想出twoweeksfromnow.距今兩周payoffmakingaplan推遲制定計(jì)劃putupsigns張貼標(biāo)語(yǔ)callup10students給10個(gè)學(xué)生打電話usedtodo曾經(jīng)做，過去常常做carefor照顧....astrongfeelingofsatisfaction強(qiáng)烈的滿足感g(shù)iveup(doing)sth.放棄:(做):某事tryoutsth.嘗試goonadifferentjourney進(jìn)行不一樣的旅途volunteertodosth.自愿做某事travelalone=travelbyoneself獨(dú)自旅行raisemoneyfor為...籌錢feellonely感覺孤獨(dú)lesslucky不那么幸運(yùn)volunteerjobs志愿者工作workoutside在外工作重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法:1.動(dòng)副短語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成及用法，在動(dòng)詞加副詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)中，名詞一般放在副詞之后，但是代詞只能放在動(dòng)詞和副詞中間。E.g.putupthesign,putitup;giveoutthebooks,givethemout2.動(dòng)詞不定式的用法。動(dòng)詞不定式(todo)在句子中可以做主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)。Tosayisonething,andtodoisanotherthing(主語(yǔ))Helearnedtoplaythepianoattheageoffour.(賓語(yǔ))Idon'tknowwheretogo.(賓語(yǔ))Healwayshelpshismothertodohousework(賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))Mydreamistotravelaroundtheword.(表語(yǔ))Helpingothersisagoodwaytospendourfreetime.(定語(yǔ))theyareworriedabouthowtogetgoodjobstomakelotsofmoney.(狀語(yǔ))Togotoabetteruniversity.youneedtostudyharderandharder.(狀語(yǔ))知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解1.Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup這個(gè)女孩可以看望有病的小孩①sickadj“生病的，惡心的”可以做表語(yǔ)也可以做定語(yǔ):ill做“生病的”講時(shí)，只能做表語(yǔ)Thehospitalisalwaysfullofsickpeople.Thestrongsmelloftheseamadehimfeelsick\ill.?cheerupsb.-makesb.happierLittleTomlosthisfavoritetoy.Let'sdosomethingtocheerhimup.2.Weneedtocomeupwithaplantotellpeopleabouttheparkclean-up.我們需要為城市公園清潔日指定計(jì)劃。comeupwith,想出，提出，相當(dāng)于thinkout/up/ofthinkover仔細(xì)考慮.Whocancomeupwithagoodsolutiontothisproblem?3.Wecan'tputoffmakingaplan.我們不能推遲制定計(jì)劃。putoffdoingsth.推遲做某事putoffuntil推遲到..時(shí)候MostflightsputofftakingoffbecauseoftheheavyfoginChengdu.MakeanoticethatwehavetoputoursportsmeetinguntilMarch14.4.Weshouldeachcallup10studentsandaskthemtocome我們應(yīng)該每個(gè)人給10個(gè)學(xué)生打電話叫他們來(lái)(參加活動(dòng))。callupsb.=givesb.acall=callsb.=phonesb.給某人打電話5.Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.他們給我想過去的生活經(jīng)歷和生活狀態(tài)。usedtodosth.過去常常....曾經(jīng)做.Iusedtoworklateatnight,butnowItrynottostayup.Shenzhenusedtobeasmallfishingvillage.Didyouusetobeafraidofthedark?be/getusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣做某事be(getusedtosth.習(xí)慣某事Areyouusedtothecitylife?mostwesternersarenotusedtousingchopsticks.6.Alotofoldpeoplearelonely.很多老人很孤獨(dú)。1wanttotravelalone.我想獨(dú)自旅游。lonely:adj,孤獨(dú)的，既可以做表語(yǔ)，也可以做定語(yǔ)。alone:adj&adv獨(dú)自，只能做表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，不能做定語(yǔ)。bealone=beallbyoneselfIlivealonebutIdon'tfeellonely.Kimmyhasfewfriends.Heisalonelychild.7....giveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.每周犧牲幾個(gè)小時(shí)來(lái)幫助他人。(1)giveupsth./doingsth、放棄..Nomatterhowharditis,Iwillnevergiveupmydream.Istronglyadvisedmyhusbandtogiveupsmokingbutfailed.(2)several=afew后面接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。8.IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirowners'faces.當(dāng)我看到動(dòng)物們康復(fù)還有他們主人們臉上的笑容時(shí)，我獲得了一種如此強(qiáng)烈的滿足感。(1):-feeling(cn)“感覺”e.g.afeelingofsatisfaction/hunger/anger/excitement/sadness/happinessfeelings(Pl)“情感，感情”Idon'twanttohurtyourfeelings,butifyoustillkeepthatsillyideaIhaveto(2)構(gòu)詞:satisfy(vt,)→satisfied(adj.)→satisfaction(n.)besatisfiedwithsb/sth=bepleasedwithsb./sth.Areyourparentssatisfiedwithyourbehavioratschool?joy(n)-joyful(adj)alookofjoy高興的表情Heisnotsopopularinourofficebecausehealwayshasalookofcoldness9.Volunteeringourtimetohelpotherisawaytospendourfreetime.volunteer(1)vtVolunteertodosth“自愿做”，volunteerone'stimetodosth.Thesecollegestudentsvolunteertocarefortheenvironmentcollectingtheusedthingsinourneighborhood.Aspartofourgroup,don'tyouvolunteertokeepourclassroomclean?(2)n.自愿者，Volunteersareusuallywarm-heartedpeople.SectionB重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)runoutof用完，花完takeafter-besimilarto和...相似fixup=repair修理giveaway贈(zèng)送brokenbicycleparts壞的自行車部件Setup=start=establish.建立;設(shè)立◆makeabigdifferenceto...對(duì)..有巨大的影響disabledpeople-thedisabled殘疾人normalthings尋常事aspecialtraineddog一只特別的受過訓(xùn)練的狗beexcitedaboutsth.對(duì)...感到興奮feelluckytodosth.對(duì)做某事感到幸運(yùn)atonce=rightaway立刻，馬上afriendofmine我的一個(gè)朋友sixmonthsoftraining為期6個(gè)月的訓(xùn)練givehimorders給他發(fā)指令beunabletodosth.不能做某事changemylife改變我的生活useyourhandseasily靈活地使用你的雙手befreetodosth.有空做某事bestrongin在...有優(yōu)勢(shì)interestsandhobbies興趣和愛好acall-incenterforparents家長(zhǎng)來(lái)電中心workoutfine生效，奏效，起作用知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解1.I'verunoutofit.我已經(jīng)把它用完了。本句話是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，基本句型為“主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”。run的過去分詞不變。run-ran-runsthrunoutsb.runoutofsth.=sb.useupsth.I'verunoutoftimetofinishthepaper.=I'veuseduptimetofinishthepaper.2.I'msureyouknowthatthisgroupwassetuptohelpdisabledpeoplelikeme.我確信你知道這是一個(gè)為幫助像我一樣的殘疾人二建立起來(lái)的組織。(1)Thisgroupwassetup.是過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成:主語(yǔ)+was/were+過去分詞。e.gHewashitbyabigboyonthewayhomeyesterday.Thesebuildingswerebuiltlastyear.(2)Setup=start-establish建立組織，機(jī)構(gòu)Rightnow,theyhavesetupover2,000volunteerorganizationsacrossChina.Thiscompanyplanstosetup20overseasbranchoffices.(3).disabled(adj)disable(vt)一able(adj)unable(adj.)Weshouldhelpdisabledpeoplearoundus.(disabledpeople-thedisabled)Thetrafficaccidentdisabledherandleftherunabletoworkandstudy.Mostwesternersareunabletousechopstickstohavemeals.3.YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.你的幫助使得我有可能擁有Lucky.句型:make/find+it+adj.+todosth)“使得/發(fā)現(xiàn)做....怎么樣”。在句中，it做形式賓語(yǔ)，后面的形容詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，不定式做真正的賓語(yǔ)。E,g.Mr.ChenmakesitinterestingtohaveP.E.class.Theinventionofplanesmakesitpossibleforpeopletotraveltoafarawayplaceinoneday.Internetmakesiteasiertounderstandwhat'sgoingonaroundtheworld.Isometimesfinditdifficulttocommunicatewithhim.4.Luckymakesabigdifferencetomylife.Lucky對(duì)我的生活有很大的影響。makea/some/nodifferencetosb./sth.對(duì)....造成-一個(gè)/一些/沒有影響Changingschoolmakesabigdifferencetoherlife.Therainmadenodifferencetothegame.5.Whatwoulditbeliketobeblindordeaf?theblind/deaf盲人/聾子e.g.Theblindarethosewhocan'tseewiththeireyes.goblind/deaf變瞎/變聾e.g.Hewentdeafaftertheterribleaccident.6.ShetalkedtoAnimalHelpersaboutgettingmeaspecialtraineddogtrain(vt)訓(xùn)練一training(un)訓(xùn)練-+trained(adj)受過訓(xùn)練的AnimalHelperstraindogstohelptheblindtocrossthestreetsafely.LiNadidmuchtrainingbeforeshebecamethewinnerofthetennis.Goodsportsrecordscomefromhardtraining.7.Iwasexcitedabouttheideaofhavingadog.excite(vt)→excited(adj.)一excitedly(adv.)一excitement(n)beexcitedaboutsth.對(duì)...感到興奮beexcitedtodosth.對(duì)..做...興奮Boysarealwaysexcitedaboutseeingtheirfavoritesportsstars.=Boysarealwaysexcitedtoseetheirfavoritesportsstars.單項(xiàng)選擇1.—_______________canyougettotheairport?—Inabout30minutes.I'montheway.A.HowsoonB.HowlongC.HowmuchD.Howoften2.It'sveryimportant__________ustomakeaplanbeforeanewtermbe