2022年黑龍江省齊齊哈爾市齊市第八中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題

2021-2022學(xué)年黑龍江省齊齊哈爾市齊市第八中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ADoingabitofresearchbeforeyousortyourtrashcanmakeallthedifference.Recyclingrulesdifferfromonecitytoanother.Hereareafewwaystohelpyoudoitbetter.■Don'tputyourrecyclablesinaplasticbag.It'snotthatwedon'thavethetechnologytorecycleplasticbags,butitisriskytorecyclethembecausethebagsaresolightweightandflexiblethattheyendupgettingcaughtintherecyclingequipment!Yourbestoptionistobringyourplasticbagstoadrop-offrecyclingcenterwhereithastherightequipmenttorecyclethem.■Youcanrecycleplasticcapstogetherwithbottles.Inthepast,weweretoldtoseparatethecapfromthebottlewhenrecycling.Bottlesaremadefrom#1plasticwhiletheircaps#5plastic.Theyareatdifferentmeltingtemperaturesandneedtobeprocessedseparately.Butnow,advancedmachineshavemadeiteasiertoseparatebottlesandcaps.Atpresent,whatyouneedtodoisleavetheplasticbottlecaponthebottleandensurethebottleisfreeofallliquidsbeforethrowingitintothebin.■Youcan'trecycleapizzabox.Althoughcardboarditselfisrecyclable,pizzaboxesarenot.Why?Itallcomesdowntotheoil.Whenyouplaceoilycardboardintoarecyclingbin,youruntheriskofpollutingclean,recyclablethings.Andanentirepackofpollutedrecyclablescancostmore.Butifonlyasmallpartofyourboxisoily,pullthatpieceofftheboxandthrowjustthatpieceawaywhiletherestoftheboxcanthenberecycled.21.Whycan'tweplacerecyclablesinaplasticbagwhensortingtrash?A.Itwillcausemorepollution.B.Theequipmentmayfailtowork.C.Plasticbagsarenottoughenough.D.Notechnologyisavailabletorecycleplasticbags.22.Whatdowehavetodotodealwiththebottleswithcapsbeforerecycling?A.Collectthemintoaspecificbin.B.Putthemintodifferentmachines.C.Separatethecapsfromthebottles.D.Emptythebottlesandre-capthem.23.Whatmakesapizzaboxnon-recyclable?A.Theoilonit.B.Lackofproperfacilities.C.Itsharmfulmaterials.D.Differentmeltingtemperatures.BMidwifePriscillaSitieneihasbecomesomethingofacelebrityastheoldestprimaryschoolstudentinKenya.At98,shesitsinclassalongsidesomeofthepupilsshehelpedbringintotheworld.Sitienei,whocomesfromtheremotevillageofNdalatinNandiCounty,hadalwayswantedtobecomeadoctor.Thoughthatopportunitynevercameherway,sheinsteadusedhertraditionallylearnedskillstohelpmothersdelivertheirbabiessafelyathome.Still,sheneverletgoofherdreamtogetaneducation.GivingheradoseofinspirationwasamovebytheKenyangovernmentin2003tomakeprimaryeducationfree.However,itwasn'tuntilalmostadecadelaterthatshecouldfinallyenteraclassroom.Herjourneyontheroadtoself-improvementhasservedasaninspirationformanyinKenya,whereitwascommonamongmembersoftheoldergenerationstomissoutonschoolingtomakeendsmeet.DavidKinyanjui,theheadteacheratLeadersVisionPreparatorySchool,saidthatwhileitwaschallengingtointegrateSitieneiintotheclassin2011,herdeterminationtogetaneducationconvincedtheschoolauthoritiestoenrollher.Sitienei,fondlyknownasGogo—orgrandmotherinhernativelanguage—hasn'tlookedback."GogocouldonlycommunicateinhermothertongueofKalenjinandKiswahilibutshewaswillingtostartlearningatthelowestlevelsothatshecouldlearnsomeEnglish.Currentlyatgradesix,shehaslearnedthelanguageandeventhoughsheisnotfluentinit,shecanunderstandwhattheteachersaresayinginclass,"Kinyanjuisaid.Sitieneisaid:"Iwantedtoinspirechildren,especiallygirlsthateducationisimportantinshapingtheirfutureandgettingoutofpoverty.Beingagrandmother,Ihavewitnessedsomeofmygrandchildrendropoutofschoolduetoearlypregnanciesorlackofinterestandthebestwaytoshowthemtheimportanceofeducationwasbygoingbacktoschoolmyself."24.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutSitienei?A.Sheistheoldestprimaryschoolstudentaroundtheworld.B.Shestartedherprimaryeducationin2003.C.Sheenteredprimaryschoolduetothegovernment’spolicy.D.ShecanunderstandandspeakEnglishfreelynow.25.Theunderlinedword“integrate”inparagraph4isclosestinmeaningto.A.acceptB.persuadeC.refuseD.invite26.WhichcouldbeareasonwhySitieneiattendedschool?A.Shecouldaccompanyhergrandchildrenatschool.B.Shecouldbecomeadoctor.C.ShecouldlearnsomeEnglish.D.Shecouldshowtheimportanceofeducationtogirls.27.Whatlessoncanwedrawfromthepassage?A.Betterlatethannever.B.Nevergiveupyourdream.C.Wherethere’sawill,there’saway.D.Constantdrippingwearsawayastone.COnTuesday,India'sPrimeMinisterNarendraModilaunchedaseriesofnewhigh-producingcropvarieties,includingherbicide-tolerant(耐除草劑的)ricethatcanbedirectlyplantedintothesoil,cuttingthehugeexpensesonwaterandfarmworkers.InIndia,theworld'sbiggestriceexporter,thetraditionalmethodofricegrowingrequiresfarmerstogrowseedsinnurseries,andthenwaitfor20to30daysbeforetransplantingthesmallplantsbyhandintothefieldsthatareankle-deepinwater.Withthenewseedvarietiesdevelopedbythestate-runIndianAgriculturalResearchInstitute,farmersonlyneedtowaterthefieldoncetomoisten(使?jié)駶?rùn))thesoilbeforeplantingtherice.Besides,thetraditionalmethodalsousesalotofwatertocontrolweedsasherbicidesarecostlyandoftendonotdistinguishbetweenthericeandtheunwantedweeds.Governmentscientistssaidthenewricevarietiescontainedagenethatwouldallowfarmerstosprayacommon,inexpensiveherbicidewithoutworryingaboutanysideeffects.“Ourfocusisveryhighonnewseedsthatcanbeadaptedtonewconditions,especiallyinchangingclimates,”Modisaid.WaterconservationislikelytobethemainattractionofthenewricevarietiesinIndia,wherefarmersrelyheavilyonmonsoon(季風(fēng))rains.Thetraditionalmethoduses3,000to5,000litersofwatertoproduce1kgrice.Thenewvarietiescouldcutwaterusebyatleast50%to60%,farmersandgovernmentofficialssay.“Forfarmerslikeus,themainconcernwasthemanagementofwater,andthenewvarietiestakecareofthatconcern,”saidRavindraKajal,whogrowsriceonhis9-acrefarmlandinthenorthernstateofHaryana.Indiaisalsotheworld'sbiggestriceproducerafterChina.28.Whichisthebenefitofthenewrice?A.Itcanproduceherbicide. B.Itcanbeplantedinanyfield.C.Itneedsalotofwatertogrow. D.Itcansavemoneyforthefarmers.29.Whycanfarmersapplyacommonherbicidetothenewrice?A.Thenewricecontainsherbicideitself.B.Theherbicideissuitableforallricevarieties.C.Genesinthenewricecanavoidharmfromherbicide.D.Theherbicidecandistinguishthericefromtheweeds.30.Whatplaysanimportantroleinrice-plantinginIndia?A.Water. B.Temperature. C.Wind. D.Sunlight.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.IndiaLaunchesNewHerbicides. B.IndiaCutsExpensesonFarming.C.IndiaPromotesNewRiceVarieties. D.FarmersAppealforNewRiceVarieties.DFormerIrishPresidentMaryRobinsonwasjustmakingapoliteconversationwithanEthiopianteenageraboutherweddingday.The16-year-oldhadalreadybeenmarriedforayear.“Shelookedatmewiththesaddesteyesandsaid,‘Ihadtodropoutofschool.’”Robinsonsaidinatelephoneinterview.“Thatconveyedtomethereality.”saidRobinson,thefirstwomantoserveasIreland’spresidentandformerU.N.HighCommissionerforHumanRights.“Herlife,asfarassheisconcerned,hadmoreorlessended.”

Robinsonsaidkeepinggirlsinschoolwasoneofthemostimportantthingspolicymakerscoulddotoaddressthecomingchallengesofanever-increasingpopulation,predictedbytheUnitedNationstoreach7billionsoon.“Europeancountriesareconcernedaboutagingpopulations,butthisismuchlessofanissuethanthehugenumberofpeoplewhichwearegoingtoseeoverthenext40yearswhenthepopulationgoesfrom7billionto9billion,”shesaid.“Almostallofthatincreasewillbeinpoordevelopingcountries,sothatwehaveaverybigchallenge.”

FamilyplanningexpertsworryinparticularaboutthefuturepopulationexplosioninSub-SaharanAfrica.InMay,theUnitedNationsprojectedtheworldpopulationwouldreach9.3billionin2050and10.1billionby2100.MuchofthatgrowthwillcomefromAfrica,wherethepopulationisgrowingat2.3percentayear---morethandoubleAsia’s1percentgrowthrate.Ifthatratestaysconsistent,whichisnotcertain,Africa’spopulationwillreach3.6billionby2100fromthepresent1billion.

JoelCohen,aprofessorofpopulationstudiesatRockefellerUniversityandColumbiaUniversityinNewYork,saiduniversalsecondaryeducationofferedawaytoreducepopulationinhighbirthrateregions.Inadditiontoprovidinginformationaboutbirthcontrol,asecondaryeducationteacheswomentoreducetheirownfertility,improvethehealthoftheirchildrenandallowsthemtomovefromamindsetofhavingmanychildreninthehopethatsomewillsurvivetoimprovethequalityofeachchild’slife,CohenwroteinthejournalNature.32.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorintroduceshistopicby________.explainingtheauthor’sopinions B.givinganexample C.describingthepooreducationsystem D.comingstraighttothetopic33.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.RobinsonishappyaftertalkingtotheEthiopiangirl.B.Robinsonisasuccessfulexpertinpopulationstudies.C.Robinsonencouragesfemaleeducation.D.Robinsonisworriedaboutthepopulationgrowth.34.WhatisJoelCohen’sviewaboutsecondaryeducation?A.Itcanchangepeople’sparentingideas. B.Itreducesagingpopulation.C.Itmakespeoplepaymoreattentiontoeducation. D.Itprovidesbasicknowledgeofhealth.35.Accordingtothepassage,themostimportantwaytocontrolhighpopulationgrowthis______.A.letgirlsgoawayfromAfrica B.keepgirlsinfamiliesC.letyounggirlsremainsingle D.keepgirlsinschool第二節(jié)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。（每題2.5分，共12.5分。）Agreatnumberofpeoplecangetinjuredorevenkilledresultingfromahumanstampede(蜂擁).Thebadthingisthatapeacefulgroupofpeoplecanquicklyturnintoacrazypanickedcrowd. 36Ifyouareinacrowd,themostimportantthingistomakeyourselffamiliarwithyoursurroundingsandmentallynoticetheexits.Nomatterwhereyouare,makesureyoualwaysknowhowtogetout.37Ifyouareinacrowdofmovingpeople,wetorunevengroundcanbeslipperyordangerous,causingyoutofall.Beawareofthegeneralatmosphereoftheevent,aspanicsituationscanoftenbeexpected.Whenindanger,afewsecondscanmakeallthedifference.Ifyoufindyourselfinthemiddleofamovingcrowd,donotfightagainstthepressure,donotstandstillorsitdown.38 Takeadvantageofanyspacethatmayopenupandtrytomovesidewaystothecrowdmovementwheretheflowisweaker.39Itgivesyoumovementandprotectsyourchest.Ifyoufall,getupquickly.Ifyoufallandcannotgetup,keepmovingbycrawlinginthesamedirectionofthecrowd,orifthatisnotpossible,thencoveryourheadwithyourarmsandcurlup(蜷縮).40Sometimes,findingarightposturecansaveyourlife.A.Makeyourselfawareofthetypeofgroundyouarestandingon.B.Donotlieonyourstomachorback,asthisdangerouslyexposesyourlungs.C.Ifyouaresteppedon,youshouldshoutforhelp.D.Instead,moveinthesamedirectionofthecrowd.E.Keepyourhandsupbyyourchest,likeaboxer.F.Stretchyourarmstothefulllengthsothatyoucanmakemorespacetomoveinthecrowd.G.What'sworseisthatthestampedecanbecausedwhilethereseemsnoactualdanger.第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，40小題，滿分45分）。完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。MyteacherMr.BushisthemostpositivepersonI’veevermet.Hehastheabilityto___41___positivenesstoyoungstudents.Healwayssmilesandnevergets___42___atstudents.OnceImetsome___43___becauseIfeltovershadowedbymybrother,whoseemedtobedoinggreatineveryway.Hopelessness___44___mewheneverIwasinaclassroom.Butthatall___45___whenImetmyteacherforlife,Mr.Bush.Havingfoundoutaboutmyproblems,hejustkept___46___me.BecauseofMr.Bush,myworldwasfilledwith___47___andpower.Afewweeksago,everyoneinmyclasswasfeelingabit___48___becauseofabaddayatschool.Butthingsgot___49___afteracloseofMr.Bush’sclass.Hedrewapictureonthewhiteboardthat___50___ahalf-fullglassofwater.Hethensaid,“Class,thepointofviewinwhichyoulookatthingswill___51___yourfeelings.Likethisglassofwater;somepeopleseeitandthink‘What!Onlyhalfaglassofwater.How___52___Iam.’Whereasotherpeoplethink‘Wow,I’msothirsty.Great!Halfaglassofwaterforme!’Italldependsonthe___53___youthink.”Mr.Bush’s___54___wayofthinkingalwaysmakesmefeelgladand__55___.Iwillalwaysrememberhim.41.A.passon B.applyfor C.consistof D.giveup42.A.strict B.patient C.mad D.curious43.A.friends B.needs C.realities D.difficulties44.A.drowned B.resisted C.cured D.relaxed45.A.happened B.changed C.solved D.included46.A.forgiving B.calming C.encouraging D.calling47.A.sunshine B.clouds C.surprise D.flowers48.A.cheerful B.down C.eager D.afraid49.A.warmer B.higher C.better D.happier50.A.served B.filled C.bought D.showed51.A.hurt B.careabout C.giveaway D.affect52.A.pleased B.unfortunate C.bright D.perfect53.A.way B.direction C.end D.past54.A.negative B.optimistic C.special D.important55.A.proud B.careful C.helpful D.lonely第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheUniversityofBirmingham,UK,announcesthatitwillaccepttheGaokaoexamforhigh-flyingChinesestudents56(wish)tojoinitsundergraduatecoursesin2020.Highschoolstudents57completetheNationalHigherEducationEntranceExamination,orGaokao,58topgradescanapplyfordirectentryintoBirminghamdegreeprogramswithoutfirstcompletingafoundationyear.Gaokao,usually59(hold)acrossChinainearlyJune,is60(increasing)acceptedbyuniversitiesinAustralia,theUSA,CanadaandmainlandEurope.Birminghamwillonlybeconsideringhighqualitystudentswhoachieveaminimum80%GaokaoscoreandmeetadditionalacademicandEnglishlanguage61(require).ProfessorJonFrampton,DirectoroftheUniversityofBirmingham'sChinaInstitutesaid,"Iam____62____(delight)thattheUniversityisnowacceptingtheGaokao.Thisgivesthe63(bright)andbestChinesestudents64opportunitytomovestraightintothefirstyearofourundergraduateprogramsandexperiencethebenefitsofstudyingata65(globe)Top100university.第三節(jié)單詞填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示或首字母，寫(xiě)出正確單詞或該詞的正確形式，每空僅填一詞。(注意：給出首字母的要在答題卡上寫(xiě)出完整單詞，否則不計(jì)分。)66.Regularrunningor(慢跑)isagoodwaytoimproveourhealthandfitness.67.ParentsworryabouttheeffectoftheTVprogramonthechildren’s(行為).68.Ingeneral,thereisaggapbetweenthechildrenandtheirgrandparents.69.Thesenegotiationswillbe(極其)difficultforthecompany.70.Atlastyear’s(每年的)meeting,60%ofmemberssupportedthesuggestion.71.Heissfromaseriouscancernow.72.ThisisatItalianrestaurant,whichservesdeliciouspizza.73.TheNationalDay(慶?；顒?dòng))includesadisplayoffireworks.74.Weshouldfightagainstsocial(不平等).75.Earthisthethirdpfromthesun.76.Truehappinesscomeswh