英語-北京市海淀區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期7月期末學(xué)業(yè)水平調(diào)研考試試題和答案

海淀區(qū)2024年高二年級學(xué)業(yè)水平調(diào)研英語2024.07聽下面4段對話。每段對話后有一道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你將有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話你將聽一遍。()1．Whenwillthespeakershavethemeeting?A．At9o’clock.B．At11o’clock.C．At12o’clock.()2．Whatservicedoesthemanrequest?A．Roomservice.B．Awake-upcall.C．Checkingout.()3．Whichtypeofmoviesdoesthewomanprefer?A．Thrillers.B．Romances.C．Documentaries.()4．Whatisthemandoing?A．Checkingtheflightnumber.B．Lookingfortheboardinggate.C．Askingaboutairportfacilities.聽下面4段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾道小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘的時間閱讀每小題。聽完后，每小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白你將聽兩遍。聽第5段材料，回答第5至6小題。()5．Whatactivitywillthetwospeakersjoinin?A．Sportsgames.B．Musicfestivals.C．Cookingcompetitions.()6．Wherecanthespeakersgettheform?A．Inthelibrary.B．Intheheadteacher’soffice.C．Inthemusichall.聽第6段材料，回答第7至8小題。()7．Whatmakesthemanfeeldownlately?A．Failingtheexams.B．Losingconfidence.C．Performingbadlyinthedrama.()8．Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A．Payattentiontooutcomes.B．Practisetobeperfect.C．Focusontheprogress.聽第7段材料，回答第9至10小題。()9．Whatisthemandoing?A．Makingacomplaint.B．Cancelingatour.C．Seekingforadvice.()10．Whatwillthemanprobablydecidetodo?A．Takeahikingtrip.B．Rideinahotairballoon.C．Coonamountainbikingtour.聽第8段材料，回答第11至12小題。()11．WhatistheaimoftheTechFestival?A．Toguidestudentstoapplytechnologytoreallife.B．Tohelpstudentskeepupwiththelatestinnovation.C．Toshowstudents’technologicaltalentsandcreativity.()12．Whatcanstudentsdointhecodingcompetition?A．Judgeothers’creation.B．Developanapplication.C．Reportreal-lifeproblems.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，完成第13至16四道小題，每小題僅填寫一個詞。聽獨(dú)白前，你將有20秒鐘的時間閱讀試題，聽完后你將有60秒鐘的作答時間。這段獨(dú)白你將聽兩遍。TipsonHowtoPlanaPartySetupaboardgamestable■13atablewhereyoucanlayoutallofyourboardgames■OfferavarietyofgamesSetupaDIY14booth■Usealargepieceofpaperor15asabackground■Addabannerthathasthenameofthegraduate’sschoolandtheyearGiveagraduationpartytoast■Speaktothe16strengthsandaccomplishments■Useafavoritequote閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。Whenmostteenagershisagearepreppingforcompetitiveexamsortrainingtobeathletes.HenryBurner,strugglingwithdyslexia(閱讀障礙),decidedtocharthisownrouteforsuccess.Attheageof10,hisclass17atradingpost,wherestudentswouldsellandbuygoodswithheads.Hismomsuggestedmakingcupcakes,butBurnerrefused.“Mom,thebakedgoodsmarketisgoingtobetotallyoversaturated(過度飽和的).Fewstudentsmakethingsthatlastlong.Weneedtomakesomething18.”Sohepulledouthismom’soldbuttonmachineandmadebuttons.WhenBurnerendedupwiththemostbendsatthetradingpost,hefeltforthefirsttimethathewasreallysuccessful.Arrivinghome,Burneraskedhismom.“CanImakeitarealbusiness?”Thatwasthe19ofButtonsmith,aretailcompanywhichnowhasover10,000productsavailable.Alongwithhisregularschooling,Burnerplayedalargeroleinthecompany’sstrategicdecisionmakingand20hisbreaksandweekendsworkingonthecompany.Buttonsmithstartedfromthefarmer’smarketbeforegoingonlineand21,developingitsownwebsite.Aftergoingonline,Buttonsmith’ssalesshowedasignificantupwardgraphandreachedmillionsofpeople,andthatwasa(n)22point.Sincethenhehasgreatly23productlinesintomanyaffordablehighqualityproductsthatallowpeopletoexpresswhotheyaretotheworld.Startingwithbuttons,thecompanyhasdiversifieditsproduct24andcurrentlyprovidesdogcollars,leashes,businesscards,banners,etc.Tostayaheadofcompetitors,BurnerhasoptimizeButtonsmithtohavecustomproductsmadewithinminutesoftheorderbeing25.andmakessuretheproductsareinthecustomers’handswithintwodays.Aftercreatinganimpressiveretailcompanyathome.Buttonsmithisstrategizingtospreadits26toothercountries.“Hovebeinganentrepreneur.”concludedBurner.()17．A．ran()18．A．stableB．portable()19．A．missionB．initiationC．a(chǎn)dvantageD．performance()20．A．killedB．delayedC．balancedD．invested()21．A．eventuallyB．hesitantlyC．frequentlyD．a(chǎn)ccidentally()22．A．regularB．temporaryC．crucialD．urgent()23．A．slidedB．pouredC．packed()24．A．costsB．sizes()25．A．shippedB．placedC．deleted()26．A．roots閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給出提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AGiantpandaFuBaoarrivedinChengdu.SichuanProvinceonApril3rd,2024.afterlivinginSouthKoreaforover3years.Largescreenswerelitup27(welcome)FuBaohome.Theselargescreenadvertisements28(purchase)bydozensoffans.FuBaoisthefirstgiantpandaborninSouthKoreaandasuccessfulcaseofoverseasbreeding.Sincethe1990s,China29(conduct)giantpandaconservationcooperationandresearchwithinstitutionsinothercountries.Currently,therearealocalof49giantpandasabroad.BAround90%ofroadaccidentsarecausedbyhumanerrors,andself-drivingcarswithAIaimtosolvetheproblem.30theycandoisnokeepvehiclehardwarehealthybydrivingstrategicallyandsafely.Inthisway,trafficviolationsandfinescanbeavoided,31canhelpsavecosts.Driversalsobenefitfromthe32(integrate)ofAltechnologyduringlongtripsastheycanrestwhilethecar’ssystemtakescareofdriving.CAssummervacationapproaches,studytoursofprimaryandmiddleschoolstudentshavebecomepopular.33(absorb)inacademicstudiesatschool,studentsareleftwithlittleroomforactivitiessuchaspracticallabororhands-onexperience.Duringthestudytours,theycome34groupstomajorattractions,museumsandfarmstolearnwhilesightseeing.Educationaltripsofferstudentsprecious35(opportunity)tobecomemoreindependent.By36(engage)inindependentlivingandproblemsolvingwithpeers,studentscanlearntonavigatereal-lifesituations.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AWhenfacingthetaskofdecidingyourmajor,youshouldrememberthatthedecisionyoumakedoesn’tmeanyouareonlydestinedforonepath.QUESTIONSTOASKYOURSELFASYOUMAKEYOURDECISION●DoIhaveacareerinmind?Althoughyourmajordoesnotnecessarilydictateyourcareer,somejobsdorequireacertainfieldofstudy.Ifyouhaveyourfuturecareerinmind,doyourresearchandfindouttheeducationrequirements.Ifyouareatalosswithwhatyouwanttodo,goaheadandresearchdifferentcareerfields.Acertainjobmightpiqueyourinterest,andthatcouldpromptyoutopickacertainmajor.●Howmuchdoesmoneymatter?Somemajorsdohavehigherpotentialearningsthanothers.Ifearningalotofmoneyisaprimarygoalforyou,searchformajorsthatpayoffwell.FeelfreetoreachouttotheCareerCenterformoreinformationonhigher-earningmajorsandcareers.●WhatdoIlovetodo?Ifyoulovewhatyoustudy,youwillbemorelikelytopayfullattentiontoyourclasses.whichwillprobablyleadtobettergradesandvaluableconnectionsinthefield.Alsoyouwillfindyourcollegeyearsmorefulfillingifyoucultivateyourpassion!TIPSFORDISCOVERINGWHATINTERESTSYOU●Exploredifferentcourses!Don’ttakerandomfreeelectivesjusttomeetthecreditrequirementforgraduation.Exploredifferentsubjects!Bybranchingoutofwhatyouknow,youmaydiscoveranunexpectedaptitudeforsportmanagement,orrealizethatyoulovepsychology!Maybeanelectivecoursecouldleadyoutoyourmajor.●MeetwithaCDCstaffmember!YourCareerDevelopmentCenter(CDC)iseagertohelpyou!MeetwithapeerCareerAmbassadortotalkaboutyourcareergoalsandtheoptionsforyou.Alsoconsiderschedulinganappointmentwithaprofessionalstaffmembertodiscusspotentialcareerpaths,internships(實習(xí)),andmore!●UtilizetheCDC’sonlineresources!CDCoffersmanyonlineresourcesforself-assessmentandcareersearch.Wemakerecommendationsformajorsandcareersbasedonyouranswers!Seepage6formoredetailsofwhatwehavetooffer!()37．Ifyoudon’tknowwhattochooseasyourfuturecareer,youneedto.A．cultivatearelatedhobbyB．a(chǎn)imforwell-paidjobsC．considertheeducationrequirementsD．investigatedifferentfields()38．Accordingtothepassage,CDCcould.A．givemajor-relatedadviceB．establishinternshipprogrammesC．defineyourfuturecareergoalsD．selectanelectivecourseforyou()39．Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Aresearchpaper.B．Acommercialpost.C．Acollegebrochure.D．Arecruitmentnotice.BFoodpackagingfromaroundtheworldcontainsatleast68“foreverchemicals”thatcanseepintowhatweeat.anewstudyfinds.And61ofthemarenotevensupposedtobeusedinsuchproducts.“It’snotclearwhythelatterchemicals,whicharenotonlistsofthoseauthorizedforuseinfoodcontainers,areinsuchpackaging.”saysthestudy’sauthorBirgitGeueke.Thestudyfocusedonaclassofchemicalscalledperfluoroalkylandpolyfluoronlkylsubstances(PFASs),whicharesometimescalled“foreverchemicals”becausetheydon’tbreakdownreadilyintheenvironmentorinthebody.That’sbecausetheircharacteristiccarbon-fluorinebondisoneofthestrongestinnature.Fordecades,thesesubstanceshavebeenusedinawiderangeofconsumerproducts,fromcookwaretopesticidestocosmetics,becausetheyareproofagainstwaterandgrease.GeuekeandherteamfoundamismatchbetweenwhattheydetectedinactualproductsandadatabaseofPFASchemicalsauthorizedforuseinfoodpackaging.About140PFASsareknowntobeusedinfoodpackaging,butonlysevenofthe68chemicalsinthestudywereonthislist.Geuekesaysit’sunclearhoworwhytheother61chemicalsturnedup.DavidAndrews,achemistandtoxicologistatanonprofitenvironmentaladvocacyorganization,suggestsit’spossiblethatunknownimpuritiesemergedduringthemanufacturingoftheauthorizedchemicalsorthattheauthorizedPFASsdegradeovertime.Thisclassofchemicalsincludesmanylong-chainmolecules,andtheycanbreakintoshorterchainsthataresimplydifferenttypesofPFASs.PFASshavebeenfoundinhumanbloodandbreastmilk,drinkingwater,soilandotherstartlingplacesaroundtheworld.ExposuretosomeofthemoststudiedPFASshasbeenassociatedwithcancer.reproductiveproblemsandlessenedresponsestovaccines.“There’sanincrediblebodyofscientificevidencelinkingPFASchemicalstohealthharm,”saysAndrews.ManycountriesareevaluatingrestrictionsofPFASsinfoodpackaging.ChemicalindustryrepresentativeshaveadvocatedfordealingwithPFASsasindividualchemicals.Beforepublishingthenewstudy.ScientificAmericanreachedouttotheAmericanChemistryCouncil(ACC).achemistryindustrytradeassociation,aboutit,buttheorganizationdidnotreply.OnitsdedicatedPFASwebpage.ACCnotesthat“allPFASsarenotthesame.Eachindividualchemicalhasitsownuniquepropertiesanduses.”AndrewsandGeuekebothsaythepresenceofunknownPFASsinfoodpackagingisgoodreasontoregulatethesechemicalsasasingleclass—apositionsharedwithmanyotherscientificexpertsandenvironmentalprotectiongroups.Therearemorethan12,000knownPFASs,andscientistsdon’tknowmuchaboutmostofthem.“OnlysomePFASshaveeverbeentestedfortoxicity(每性),”Geuekesays,and“thereareprobablyotherwaystoproducefoodpackaging.”()40．WhatcanwelearnaboutPFASsfromthepassage?A．Theyareabletoresistwaterandgrease.B．Theylastlongandneverbreakdown.C．Theycontainthelongestchemicalbond.D．Theyaremainlyusedforfoodpackaging.()41．Paragraph3ismainlyabout.A．thepotentialusageoftheunknownimpuritiesB．theauthorizationoffoodpackagingchemicalsC．thelikelytransformingprocessfromPFASsintonewchemicalsD．thepossibleexplanationforthepresenceofunauthorizedPFASs()42．ThewordsonthewebpageinParagraph5mayshowthatACC.A．hasworkedoutwaystousePFASssafelyindifferentproductsB．a(chǎn)greeswithchemicalindustryrepresentativesregardingPFASsC．hasgottheauthoritativepowerindealingwithPFASsD．supportstestingmoreunknownPFASsfortoxicity()43．WhichwouldGeuekeprobablyagreewith?A．LawsshouldbemadetobantheuseofPFASs.B．Foodpackagingalternativesshouldbeexplored.C．Thechemicalsinfoodpackagingshouldbelisted.D．ScientistsshouldcontinuediscoveringnewPFASs.CAthemeatthisyear’sWorldEconomicForum(WEF)meetingwastheperceivedneedto“acceleratebreakthroughsinresearchandtechnology”.Someofthisframingwasmotivatedbytheclimateemergency,somebytheopportunitiesandchallengespresentedbygenerativeartificialintelligence.Yetinvariousconversations,itseemedtobetakenforgrantedthattoaddresstheworld’sproblems,scientificresearchneedstomovefaster.TheWEFmindsetresonates(產(chǎn)生共鳴)withtheSiliconValleydictate—usuallycreditedtoMarkZuckerberg—tomovefastandbreakthings.Butwhatifthethingbeingbrokenisscience?Orpublictrust?TheWEFmeetingtookplacejustafortnightafterHarvardUniversityPresidentClaudineCaysteppeddownaftercomplaintsweremadeaboutherscholarship.Gay’stroublescameontheheelsoftheresignationofStanfordUniversityPresidentMareTessier-Lavigne,afteraninternalinvestigationconcludedthathisneuroscienceresearchhad“multipleproblems”.Inresponse.Gayrequestedcorrectionstoseveralofherpapers;Tessier-Lavignerequestedretraction(撤回)ofthreeofhis.Althoughitmaybeimpossibletodeterminejusthowwidespreadsuchproblemsreallyare,it’shardtoimaginethatthespectacleofhigh-profilescholarscorrectingandretractingpapershasnothadanegativeimpactonpublictrustinscienceandperhapsinexpertsbroadly.Inrecentyearswe’veseenimportantpapers,writtenbyprominentscientistsandpublishedinprestigiousjournals,retractedbecauseofquestionabledataormethods.Inoneinterestingcase,FrancesH.ArnoldoftheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology,whosharedthe2018NobelPrizeinChemistry,voluntarilyretractedapaperwhenherlabwasunabletoreplicateherresults—butafterthepaperhadbeenpublished.Inanopenapology,shestatedthatshewas“abitbusy”whenthepaperwassubmittedand“didnotdomyjobwell”.Arnold’shonestyisadmirable,butitraisesaquestion:Arescholarsatsupercompetitiveplacesreallytakingthetimetodotheirworkright?TheproblemisnotuniquetotheU.S.InEurope,formalresearchassessments—whichareusedtoallocatefuturefunding—haveforyearsjudgedacademicdepartmentslargelyonthequantityoftheiroutput.Duetothefactthattheexistingsystemhascreatedacounterincentivetoadvancementinscience,areformisunderwayurginganemphasisonqualityoverquantity.Goodsciencetakestime.NearlyacenturypassedbetweenbiochemistFriedrichMiescher’sidentificationoftheDNAmoleculeandsuggestionthatitmightbeinvolvedininheritanceandtheelucidationofitsdouble-helixstructureinthe1950s.AndittookjustabouthalfacenturyforgeologistandgeophysiciststoacceptgeophysicistAlfredWegener’sideaofcontinentaldrift.There’splentyofcircumstantialevidencethatscientistsandotherscholarsarepushingresultsoutfarfasterthantheyusedto.Someofthisgrowthisdrivenbymorescientistsandmoreco-authorship(papers,butitalsosuggeststhattheresearchworldhasprioritizedquantityoverquality.Researchedmayneedtoslowdown—notspeedup—ifwearetoproduceknowledgeworthyoftrust.()44．Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A．Tessier-LavigneresignedfromSandfordafterGaysteppeddown.B．Gaygavebackherscholarshipsduetostudents’complaints.C．Fasterscientificdevelopmenthasledtoclimatechange.D．Publictrustinsciencemayhavealreadybeenshaken.()45．WhyistheexampleofFrancesH.ArnoldmentionedinParagraph4?A．ToquestiontheworksofNobelPrizewinners.B．Toshowthepracticeofpaperretractioniscommon.C．Toindicateeventheinfluentialscientistsareinarush.D．Tohighlightscientists’qualityofhonestyinacademia.()46．Theunderlinedword“counterincentive”inParagraph5referstoa(n)factor.A．unfairB．indecisiveC．discouragingD．irrational()47．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheDangerofFastScienceB．TheBattlebetweenQualityandQuantityC．TheCrisisamongTopScientistsD．ThePrinciplebehindResearchAssessments根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Picturethis:you’rebakingcookies.Asyouliftthepanoutoftheoven,yourbarearmaccidentallytouchesit.Ouch!Whydidyoufeelpain?Andhowisyourbraininvolvedinsensingpain?Wemaynotlikepain,butourbodiesneeditasawarningsystem.48Therearespecialreceptorcellsinourskinandbodiesthataresensitivetocertainstimuli(刺激).Thesecellsarecalled“nociceptors”.Whenanociceptorgetsexposedtoapainfulstimulus,itsendsamessageintothebrain.Thebrainprocessesthatinformation,andthenpainisfelt.49Thinkaboutatimewhenyou’vestubbedyourtoe.Theredoesn’tseemtobeadelaybetweenhittingyourtoeandthenfeelingpain:itfeelslikeithappensatthesametime. 50Ifwehaveaninjury,painalertsustorestandlettheinjuryheal.Ifwestandtooclosetoafire,paintellsustomoveaway.Notbeingabletofeelpaincanbedangerous.Somepeoplecanfeelsensationsliketouch,buttheycannotfeelpain.Withoutfeelingpain,theycannotlistentotheirbodieswhentheyneedtorestorheal.Ontheotherhand,thebrainsometimesprocessespainwherethereisn’tanyactualinjurytothebody.Here’safamousstory:amansteppedonanail.Itwentthroughthebottomofhisshoe,andhefeltlikehewasinhorriblepain.Whenthedoctorsremovedhisshoe,theyfoundthatthenailwasbetweenhistoes!Ithadn’tgoneintohisfootatall.51Sohisbrainperceivedpaintomatchtheexperience.Withoutpain,wemightnotknowwhenwecouldneedtorest.Wemightnotknowifwewereindangerofhurtingourselves.52However,itisanimportantpartofhumanlifeandsurvival!A．Painisnotfuntofeel.B．Painisaresponsetoastimulus.C．Ourbrainsusesensoryinformationtointerpretthepainthatwefeel.D．Eventhoughpainisanunpleasantfeeling,itisnecessaryforhumansurvival.E．Allofthissignalsendingandprocessinghappensfasterthanwecanperceive.F．Itisanimportantfunctionofourbrain,tellingourbodieswhensomethingiswrong.G．However,thevisualinformationtrickedhisbrainintothinkingthattherewascauseforalarm.閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。MarvaCollins’journeyasateacherbeganinthe1960s,whenshewasassignedtoteachatapublicschoolinChicago.Atthetime,theschoolwastroubledbylowacademicstandardsandmisbehaviorofthestudents.Despitethesechallenges.Collinswasdeterminedtohelpthosestudentslabeledas“difficult”or“at-risk”.Believingthateverystudenthadthepotentialtolearnandsucceed,shesetouttocreateaclassroomenvironmentthatwouldfosteraloveoflearning,asenseofdiscipline,andabeliefinoneself.Collinsfirstestablishedarigorousacademiccurriculumthatwouldchallengeherstudentstoreachtheirfullpotential.Shetaughtherstudentstraditionalsubjectsandalsoemphasizedcriticalthinking,problemsolving,andcreativity.Herteachingmethodswerehighlyeffective,andstudentssoonbegantoshowremarkableprogress.ButCollins’greatestachievementwasthefoundingoftheWestsidePrepSchool,whichshestartedin1975．Theschoolprovidedasafeandnurturingenvironmentwherestudentscouldthriveacademicallyandsociallyandthereforeitwasconsideredasthe“havenforlearning”.AtthePrepSchool.Collinsstressedtheimportanceofdisciplineandhardwork.Sheexpectedherstudentstoarriveontime,inuniform,andreadytolearn,andsheinstalledinthemasenseofresponsibilityandaccountability.Collinsalsoemphasizedtheimportanceofbuildingrelationshipsbetweenteachersandstudents.Shebelievedthatstrongrelationshipswerethefoundationofeffectiveteaching,aresheencouragedherteacherstopersonalizetheirinstructionbasedonthestudents’individualdifferences.Underherleadership,thePrepSchoolbecameknownforitshighacademicstandardsanditsabilitytohelpstrugglingstudents.Manyoftheschool’sgraduateswentontoattendtopcollegesanduniversities,andsomewentontobecomeleadersintheirfields.Collins’impactoneducationwasrecognizedbyeducatorsaroundtheworld.Today,herlegacyliveson.Heremphasisondiscipline,hardwork,andrelationshipscontinuestobeamodelforeffectiveteaching,andherbeliefinthepotentialofeverystudentcontinuestoinspireeducatorstomakeadifferenceinthelivesoftheat-riskstudents.53．WhatchallengesdidCollinsfaceasanewteacher?54．WhywasthePrepSchoolconsideredthe“havenforlearning”?55．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Toachieveeffectiveteaching,Collinsencouragedherteacherstobuildstrongrelationshipswiththestudentsandteachthemasawhole.56．WhichoneofCollin’steachingbeliefsimp