《InCell觸摸屏原理》課件

In-Cell觸摸屏原理2010.3.151整理pptIntroductionoftouchpanel1.Resistivetouchpanel

1.1traditionalresistivetouchpanel(directlyglueonLCDmodule)

a.4/5/6/8-wireresistivetouchpanelb.digitalresistivetouchpanel(touchswitches,matrix)

1.2integrateresistivetouchpanelintoLCDcell(betweentopandbottomglasses)2.Capacitivetouchpanel

2.1capacitancechangedbydeformationoftopglass

2.2capacitancechangedbyinducedcurrentfromfinger2.2.1surfacecapacitivetouchpanel

2.2.2projectivecapacitivetouchpanel2.2.2.1detectselfcapacitance2.2.2.2detectmutualcapacitance3.Othertouchpanel(Infrared,SAW,Electromagnetic,Optical…)2整理pptResistivetouchpanel基本原理：觸摸時(shí)，兩層ITO互相接觸，從而在兩層ITO之間形成電阻通路根據(jù)上下基板材料，可分為filmonglass,glassonglass,filmonfilm等結(jié)構(gòu)。3整理ppt1.14-wireresistivetouchpanel在兩電極上加5V直流電在ITO均勻電阻平面上形成均勻穩(wěn)恒電流場(chǎng)在另一面的ITO電極上測(cè)量電壓根據(jù)測(cè)得電壓值（0-5V）確定觸摸點(diǎn)的位置用同樣方法測(cè)量Y坐標(biāo)4整理ppt1.14-wireresistivetouchpanelLowlifetime(around1milliontimes)Lowtransmissivity(75%-85%)NotresistscratchLowestcostEasydetectcircuitWorkswithanystylus5整理ppt1.2Incellresistivetouchpanel—samsung(1)Basicprinciple: Whenpressed,thesensorswitchison(conductivecolumnspacercontactsensorelectrode) Fromplanview,attouchpoint,commonelectrodecontacttwosensinglinesperpendicularwitheachotherrespectively6整理ppt2.Capacitivetouchpanel

2.1capacitancechangedbydeformationoftopglass

2.2capacitancechangedbyinducedcurrentfromfinger2.2.1surfacecapacitivetouchpanel

2.2.2projectivecapacitivetouchpanel2.2.2.1detectselfcapacitance2.2.2.2detectmutualcapacitance7整理ppt2.1Capacitivetouchpanel(壓力式)Thisintegratetypehassomedifferentstructures,includes:Cellgapchangetype Samsungfiledapatent(US20080048994).AUOhasmadeademo.LCalignmentchangetype Samsungfiledpatent(US20050094038)veryearly,butSamsung’sdemoappliedanotherdetectcircuit(SID0724.3),andEpsonmadeademo(SID0855.2)basedonSamsung’sstructurebyusingLTPS,IPSandactivematrixsensorsothatimprovedtheperformance.8整理pptCellgapchangetype(1)Samsung’spatent(US20080048994)onlyposedabasicprinciple,itslayerstructureanddetaileddetectmethodisnotshowninthepatent.ThoughAUOhasmadeademo,thereareveryfewopenmaterialsofitsdetectprinciple.Theyusethesameprinciple:detectthecapacitancechangebetweencommonelectrodeandsenseelectrodebycellgapdeformation.Therearemanywaystodetectcapacitancechange,whichwaySamsungandAUOusedisunknown.AUOSamsung9整理pptCellgapchangetype(2)AUO和LG的壓力式內(nèi)嵌觸摸屏樣品10整理pptLCalignmentchangetype—Samsung(1)Samsung’spatent(US20050094038)firstproposedthismethod: BecausedifferentLCalignmenthasdifferentdielectricconstant,andwhenpressed,theLCalignmentischanged,sothattheLCcapacitancechanged.11整理pptLCalignmentchangetype—Samsung(2)Samsung和Epson的in-cellLCalignmentchangetypeTPSamsungEpson12整理ppt2.2.1SurfacecapacitivetouchpanelHave2conductivecoatings.Upperconductivecoatingistheworkingplane.Lowercoatingisshieldingplane.13整理pptSurfacecapacitivetouchpanelSurfacecapacitivetouchpanelprinciple:Touchpointistreatedasconnectingtogroundbyacapacitor.Theresistorfromtouchpointto4cornersR1-4isrelatedtothedistancefromtouchpointto4corners.Themorethedistanceis,themoretheresistoris.Whenaddsinesignalon4corners,thecurrentat4cornersI1-4isinverseproportiontorelatedR1-4.BymeasuringI1-4,thetouchpointcanbedetected.14整理pptSurfacecapacitivetouchpanelLonglifetime(around100milliontimes)Highertransmissivity(Canreach90%)OnlyworkwithfingersHighercostPatentissueComplexdetectcircuitFastresponsespeed15整理ppt2.2.2投射電容觸摸屏(PCT)投射電容觸摸屏（projectivecapacitivetouchpanel）可分為兩種不同的結(jié)構(gòu)：自電容(selfcapacitive)與互電容(mutualcapacitive)自電容為較早的技術(shù)，來源于touchkey,touchpad互電容技術(shù)由iphone發(fā)揚(yáng)光大，發(fā)展迅猛，將逐漸取代自電容類型16整理pptSelfcapacitance自電容原理為當(dāng)手接觸時(shí)，等效為parasiticcapacitance增加，而且自電容檢測(cè)都是在前端（提供電源端）。檢測(cè)原理有很多，可檢測(cè)電壓、電流、電荷，下圖為chargetransfer檢測(cè)原理。通過開關(guān)依次開合不斷對(duì)parasiticcapacitance進(jìn)行充電放電，檢測(cè)放電時(shí)通過的電荷，當(dāng)有手指接觸時(shí)，流出電荷增加。17整理pptDetectselfcapacitancePanellayout:generallyusing‘diamond’pattern,sothecapacitorfromfingertobothITOlayerswillbebigenough.Thedetectsequenceis,firstdetectselfcapacitanceatonelayer(red),onelinebyoneline,togetXposition,thendetectanotherlayer(blue),togetYposition.Sothisisfakemulti-touch.18整理pptProjectivecapacitivetouchpanel自電容的多點(diǎn)觸摸定位問題：19整理pptMutualcapacitance互電容原理為：當(dāng)手指接觸時(shí)，等效為互電容改變，互電容檢測(cè)一般是在后端（sense端）。可以檢測(cè)電壓或者電荷。下圖為電荷檢測(cè)等效電路。手指接觸后等效為互電容減小，此時(shí)讀出電荷減小。模型一20整理pptMutualcapacitancePanel圖案21整理pptMutualcapacitanceDrivingmethod:Atdrivelayer(red),addpulsesignalonelinebyoneline,andotherlinesconnecttoground.Atsenselayer(blue),detectchargeonebyone.Whenallintersectionisdetected,themostchargedecreasedintersectionisthetouchpoint.Thismethodistruemulti-touch.Soappleclaimedthatiphoneisthefirst‘imagesensing’touchpanelintheworld.上表面和下表面diamond是錯(cuò)開的22整理ppt模型仿真結(jié)果NotouchTouch23整理ppt互電容的優(yōu)點(diǎn)互電容相對(duì)自電容的顯著優(yōu)點(diǎn)：對(duì)地寄生電容對(duì)觸控檢測(cè)影響很小，更適合在集成觸摸屏結(jié)構(gòu)具有更強(qiáng)的抵抗LCD噪聲能力可以實(shí)現(xiàn)真正的多點(diǎn)觸摸（不會(huì)有鬼點(diǎn)）但互電容是一個(gè)更加新的技術(shù)，目前幾乎