Unit+3+Getting+along+with+others+Grammar+and+usage高中英語牛津譯林版（2020）必修第一冊

定語從句Theattributiveclause觀察以下短語并討論什么叫定語(attribute)?ThegreentreeTheinterestingbookAfrightenedboyAwomandoctorAwashingmachineTask1對一個名詞起修飾、限定作用的成分叫定語，一個詞作定語時一般前置。(1)Shewasapopulargirl.

Shewaswillingtomakefriendswithme.

Shewasthepopulargirlwhowaswillingtomakefriendswithme.比較下列句子，并大聲朗讀它們。

Task2(2)Davidalsohadafriend.Hetrustedthefriendalot.Davidalsohadafriendwhomhetrustedalot.

什么叫定語從句?Davidalsohadafriendwhomhetrustedalot.

黑色的句子雖然成分完整，但是朋友的范圍不清楚，我們不知到到底在講哪個朋友；句子whomhetrustedalot對名詞friend起到限定范圍的作用。所以whomhetrustedalot是一個定語，但這個定語不是一個詞，而是一個句子。所以這個句子叫定語從句。

Task3Davidalsohadafriendwhomhetrustedalot.

主句

定語從句

先行詞

關系代詞Task4指出下列句子中的主句、定語從句、關系代詞、先行詞關系詞先行詞所指關系詞在句中作用關系代詞that人/物主,賓,表which物主,賓who人主,賓whom人賓whose人/物定as人/物/事情主,賓,表關系副詞when時間時間狀語where地點地點狀語why原因原因狀語關系詞的分類：Task51.Aplaneisamachine__________canfly.2.Theboy___________isreadingthebookisJim.3.Thefish__________weboughtwerenotfresh.4.Theperson_________youjusttalkedtoisJane.5.Passmethebook__________coverisblack.Task6選用關系代詞完成句子。thatwhichwhowhomwhosethat/whichthat/whothat/whichthat/whom/whowhoseTask7嘗試寫含有定語從句的句子。Thegirl__________________ismybestfriend.whoThebook______________isveryinteresting.which/that

FindtheattributiveclausefromthemusicbelowBabywon'tyoutellmewhythereissadnessinyoureyesIdon'twannasaygoodbyetoyouLoveisonebigillusion（幻想，錯覺）IshouldtrytoforgetbutthereissomethingleftinmyheadYou'retheonewhosetitup,nowyou'retheonetomakeitstopI'mtheonewho'sfeelinglostrightnowNowyouwantmetoforgeteverylittlethingyousaidbutthereissomethingleftinmyheadIwon'tforgetthewayyou'rekissingThefeelingssostrongwerelastingforsolongButI'mnotthemanyourheartismissingThat'swhyyougoawayIknowyouwereneversatisfiednomatterhowItriedNowyouwannasaygoodbyetome

1.Hedidall/everything_______hecouldtohelpme.2.Thisisthevery

thing_______Iamafter.3.Wetalkedaboutthemenandthethings_______werememberedatschool.4.Heistheonlyman_______candothework.5.Thisisthefirstthing_______Iwanttosay.6.Heisthefinestman_______Ihaveeverworkedwith.7.Whoistheman_______spoketoyouatthegate.8.Whichisthestar_______isnearesttotheearth.選用關系代詞that或which完成句子。知識歸納一Theboy___________________wemetyesterdayismybestfriend.that/who/whomHeistheboy__________________wetalkedaboutjustnow.that/who/whomThebook___________________youboughtlastweekendisinteresting.that/whichThegirl___________________isinabluedressismybestfriend.Thegirl___________________youhelpedismybestfriend.that/whothat/who/whom關系代詞什么情況下可以省略？知識歸納二關系代詞作賓語時。當關系代詞who，whom，which和that在定語從句中用作動詞賓語或介詞位于句末時的介詞賓語時，可以省略。例如：“Isthereanything(which)youwanted?”（想要什么東西嗎?）。同時，如果先行詞被all、every等修飾或者先行詞本身就是不定代詞something、anything等的時候，關系代詞也通常用that且可以被省略.關系代詞作表語時。當關系代詞that在定語從句中用作表語時，可以省略。如“Chinaisnotthecountry(that)itwas.”（中國已不是過去的中國了）中的that就作為表語并被省略了.關系代詞作補語時。當關系代詞that在定語從句中用作賓語補足語時可以省略。比如，“Sheisall(that)ateachershouldbe.”這句話中的that就是作為賓語補足語并被省略的.在特定結構中作主語的關系代詞。雖然一般說來關系代詞作主語時是不能省略的，但在以下幾種特殊情況也可省略：①當定語從句為therebe結構時；②當主句為therebe結構時；③當主句為itis結構時；④在way、time、reason后引導定語從句時。這些特殊用法需要具體語境來判斷和理解.1.Arealfriendissomeonewhowalksinwhentherestoftheworldwalksout.2.Arealfriendissomeonewhosesupportwecancounton.3.Arealfriendissomeonewhoseesourtrueself,notjustthefacethatweshowtotheworld.4.…themoderntoolsthatkeepusconnectedareeatingawayatthemeaningoffriendship.Readthemagazinearticleaboveandfindouttherestrictiverelativeclauseswithrelativepronouns.5.Socialmedialikeblogshascomebetweenusandthefriendswhomwelove.6.“Sharing”ourexperiencesonsocialmediaisnotenoughtoexpressthevalueswhichmattermosttous.7.“Linking”ourfriends’photosonlinedoesnotdeveloptheconnectionwhichweshare.1.Commoninterestsproviderichground.Manyfriendshipsgrowfromrichground.Commoninterestsproviderichground________________________________.fromwhichmanyfriendshipsgrowwhichmanyfriendshipsgrowfrom當定語從句中，關系代詞whom/which在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時，介詞可以放在后面也可以提前構成介詞+關系代詞Maryisthegirlwhom/that/whoIborrowedabookfrom.=MaryisthegirlfromwhomIborrowedabook.介詞提前時關系代詞不能用that/who知識歸納三2.Whenfriend’scommunicationiswarmandopen,friendshipsgrowbest.Friendshipsgrowbestbetweenfriends__________________________________.whosecommunicationiswarmandopenfriend’scommunication=whosecommunication3.Friendshipsarelikeflowers.Theseflowersneedtobetakengoodcareof.Friendshipsarelikeflowers____________________________________.

which/thatwhich/thatneedtobetakengoodcareof4.Arelationshipwithatruefriendwillsurelyproducefruit.Youcancountonatruefriend.Arelationshipwithatruefriend______________________________willsurelyproducefruit.whom/who/thatyoucancounton

whom/who/that5.Youhavebeenhelpedbyothers.Tomakefriends,youshouldhelpothersinthesameway.Tomakefriends,youshouldhelpotherstheway__________________________________________.知識歸納四先行詞是theway,且在定語從句中充當狀語時，可用that/inwhich引導，也可以省略。Thewaywasnotdifficulttounderstand.Heexplainedthesentencetousintheway.Theway_____________________________________wasnotdifficulttounderstand.Idon’tliketheway_______________youtalktoyourparents.(that/inwhich)(that/inwhich)heexplainedthesentencestous

Inpairs,describeafriendofyoursusingrestrictiveclauses.PartB3

SampleMybestfriendisHannah.Imetherinaparkwhereweplaybadminton.Oneday,thefriendwhoInormallyplaywithhadtogotohomeearly,andIwasabouttoleavetoo.ThatwasthemomentwhenHannahcameuptomeandaskedifIwantedtoplaywithher.Wegotonreallywellandsoonbecameclosefriends.IknowsheissomeonethatIcanrelyonintimesofdifficulty.Expressyouropiniononfriendsorfriendshipusingrestrictiverelativeclauseswithrelativepronouns.Let’swrite

SampleFriendshipislikesunshinewhichbringsuswarmthandhappiness.Friendshipisalsooneofthegreatestpleasuresthatwecanenjoy.Whenintrouble,weneedfriendswhocangiveussupportandencouragement.Withsuccessachieved,wealsoneedfriendsthatcanshareourjoys.Weallneedfriendswhosehelpmakesourlifemoreenjoyable.))

thesubjectoftheclausewhichsunshinethatantecedent

Friendshipislikesunshinewhichbringsuswarmthandhappiness.Friendshipisalsooneofthegreatestpleasuresthatwecanenjoy.(

oneofthegreatestpleasurestheobjectoftheclauseantecedent

(

))

the