國家開放大學(xué)本科《管理英語3》一平臺機(jī)考第三大題閱讀選擇題庫

PAGEPAGE13國家開放大學(xué)本科《管理英語3》一平臺機(jī)考題庫第三大題閱讀理解選擇題題庫說明：資料整理于2024年7月25日，適用于國家開放大學(xué)本科學(xué)員一平臺期末機(jī)考考試。本大題共包含5小題，每小題4分，共計20分。閱讀短文，從A、B、C三個選項中選擇一個正確答案。首字母AAsyouresearchmusic,youwillfindmusicthatisfamiliartoyou.Youwillfindmusicwhichtellsofinterestingplacesandexcitingthingstodo.Youwillfindmusicwhichexpressesfeelingsthatareoftenyourown.Musicisanexpressionofthepeople.Asyouresearch,youwillfindmusicofpeopleatworkandplay.Youwillfindmusicexpressingloveofthecountry,loveofnature,andloveofhomeMusicisalsoanexpressionofthecomposer.Thecomposerexpresseshisownmusicalideas.Hestudiesthematerialsofmusicanddiscoverswaysofusingthem.Helooksfornewkindsofmusicalexpression.Musiccansuggestactionsandfeelingswhichweallshare.Wecanenjoyplayingandsingingmusic,dancingandlisteningtothemusicofthepeopleandthecomposersofdifferenttimesandplaces.特別提醒：本題共5個小題,需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答！！[單選題]◆Inthefirstparagraph,theauthortellsusto_______.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.findentertainment(娛樂)inmusicB.befriendlytomusicC.expressyourfeelingsinmusic[單選題]◆Fromthesecondparagraphweknowthat_______.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.youmaylistentomusicatworkoratplayB.musicsingsofthecountry,natureandhomeC.musiccanexpresshowpeopleliveworkandthink[單選題]◆Bymeansofmusic,thecomposerwishesthat_______.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.youwouldstudywiththemB.youwouldexpressyourownfeelingsC.youwouldsharehisfeelingsandideas[單選題]◆Thelastparagraphshowsthatmusicmakesitpossible_______.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.themusiccanexpressactionsandfeelingsatthesametimeB.bringunderstandingbetweenpeopleofdifferenttimesandplacesC.thatpeopleofdifferenttimeandplacescangettogether[單選題]◆WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue.Musicexpresses_______.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.people’sloveofthecountryB.peoplesmusicalideasC.thecomposer’sfeelingsAquestionthatoftentroublesfoodcompaniesishowtocontrolproblemslikeratsandinsectswithoutharmingthefood.Pestcontrolexpertssaypoisonsshouldneverbeusedwheretheymayenterfood.Theysaythefirstlineofdefenseagainstpestsistocleantheplaceswherethefoodishandledorstored.Floors,foodpreparationsurfacesandtoolscanbedisinfectedwithchemicalslikechlorine,iodineorbromine.Foodcontainersshouldbestoredabouthalfameteroffthegroundandabouthalfameterawayfromanywalls.Storageareasshouldbekeptdryandclean.Containersforrawmaterialssuchasrice,wheat,etc.shouldbekeptclosedandclean.Anyfoodstuffsplitduringdeliveryorhandlingshouldbeclearedupbothinsideandoutsidethebuilding.Pestsenterabuildingfromtheoutside,sopayattentiontoouterwalls.Smallstonescanbeusedtocoverthegroundandblockthegrowthofplantsandthegrassshouldbekeptshorttodenypestsaplacetolive.Checkthatdoorsandwindowsarecompletelyclosed.Alsoanyholethatmightallowpeststoenterabuildingshouldbefilled.Ratscanenterthroughaholethesizeofacoin.Amousecanpassthroughaholehalfthatsize.Supervisorsshouldmakealistofpestcontrolmeasurestobetakenbyemployees.Thiswillaidtheeffortsandalsohelpprepareforanyinspections.Inmostcountries,thereisafoodanddrugadministrationbureau,orsomeagencywithasimilarname,whichenforcesrulesnationwide,responsibleforrulesabouttheuseofpesticides,etc.However,businesseswherefoodisstored,preparedorsoldmustalsofollowstateandlocalhealthlaws.Mostofthesegovernmentaldepartmentsorbureaushavetheirwebsiteswithinformationaboutfoodsafetypoliciesandotherissues.Peoplecaneasilyaccesstheinformation.特別提醒：本題共5個小題，需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答！！[單選題]◆Accordingtopestcontrolexperts,whyshouldpoisonsneverbeusedinfoodcompanies?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Becausetheymayenterfood.B.Becausetheymaykillrats.C.Becausetheymaybeharmfultotheplants.[單選題]◆Whatisthefirstlineofdefenseagainstpests?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Tocheckthatdoorsandwindowsarecompletelyclosed.B.Tocleantheplaceswherefoodishandledorstored.C.Tofillanyholethatmightallowpeststoenterabuilding.[單選題]◆Howcanfloors,foodpreparationsurfacesandtoolsbedisinfected?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Withsmoke.B.Withwater.C.Withchemicals.[單選題]◆Whyshouldattentionbepaidtoouterwalls?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Topreventpestsfromenteringabuildingfromoutside.B.Tokeepmoistfromenteringabuildingfromoutside.C.Tostopsunraysfromenteringabuildingfromoutside.[單選題]◆Whatdosethepassagemainlytalkabout?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Whypoisonsshouldneverbeusedwheretheymayenterfood.B.Whythegrowthofplantsshouldbeblockedandgrassbekeptshort.C.Howtocontrolratsandinsectswithoutharmingthefood.首字母DDinnercustomsaredifferentaroundtheworld.IfyouareadinnerguestinGhana,thisinformationwillhelpyoualot.InGhanadinnerisusuallyfromfourintheafternoontosixintheevening.Buttherearenostrictrulesabouttime.Wheneveraguestarrives,afamilyoffersfood.Whenyougotoahome,thepersonwhoreceivesgueststakesyoutothelivingroomfirst.Atthistimeeveryonewelcomesyou.Thenyougotothediningroom.Thereyouwashyourhandsinabowlofwater.Allthefoodisonthetable.InGhanayouusuallyeatwithyourfingers.Youeatfromthesamedishaseveryoneelse.Butyoueatfromonesideofthedishonly.Itisnotpolitetogetfoodfromtheothersideofthedish.Afterdinner,youwashyourhandsagaininabowlofwater.MostmealsinGhanahaveadishcalledfufu.PeopleinGhanamakefufufromthepowderofsomeplants.Sometimestheycutthefufuwithasawbecauseitisveryhard.Youmustchewfufuwell,oryoumaygetsick.Youeatfufuwiththefingersofyourrighthandonly.特別提醒：本題共5個小題，需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答?。單選題]◆FromthepassageweknowthatinGhana_________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.therulesfordinnertimearenotstrictB.dinnerisalwaysatsixintheeveningC.afamilyoffersfoodonlyatfourintheafternoon[單選題]◆IfyouareadingerguestinGhana,thehost(主人)alwaystakesyouto_________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.thediningroomfirstB.thelivingroomfirstC.thekitchenfirst[單選題]◆PeopleinGhanausuallyeat_________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.fromonesideofadishtotheotherB.withtheirfingersC.withtheirspoons[單選題]◆Infact,mostdishesinGhana_________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.havefufuinthemB.aretoohardtoeatC.areveryhard[單選題]◆Whenyoueatfufu,you’dbetter_________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.useyourrighthandonlyB.chewitwellC.alloftheaboveDoor-knockingisthemosteffectivewayofmakingface-to-facecommunitycontact,butithasbecomealostart.Withtherecentfocusoncustomerprivacy,door-knockingseemslikeanintrusionintootherpeople’slives.Butthosewhotryitforthefirsttimeareusuallysurprisedbythepleasantreceptiontheyreceive.Herearesomesuggestionsthatwillhelpyoupromoteyourservicesface-to-face.BEFOREYOUGOOUT◆BEGINWITHADOORHANGERTryleavingadoorhangertwodaysbeforeyougodoor-knocking.Itshouldbrieflydescribetheprojectandsaythatsomeonewillbearoundinperson.◆WEARANOFFICIALNAMETAGDoor-knockersshouldwearnametagswiththelogooftheirorganization.Thebestnametagswillalsoincludeacolorphotoandthenameofthecaller.◆HAVEPEOPLEKNOCKTHEIROWNBLOCKSTheeasiestwaytododoor-knockingistotryyourlocalareafirst.Beinganeighborcreatesanimmediateconnectionwiththepersonansweringthedoor;afterthat,everythingelseiseasy.◆FINDAGOODEXCUSETODOOR-KNOCKAshortsurveyaboutlocalconcernsoracurrentprojectisagoodexcuse.Figureoutresponsesforvarioussituations.WhatifthepersonwhoanswersthedoorcannotspeakEnglish?Whatifachildanswersthedoor?WHENYOUGOOUT◆WHENTOGOANDWHATTODOFIRSTThebesttimestoknockareusuallySaturdays.Onotherdays,afterdinnerisideal.Whensomeoneanswersthedoor,smileandintroduceyourself;sayyouareavolunteerand,ifithelps,statewhereyoulive.Givethenameofyourorganizationand,briefly,thereasonforthevisit.◆STATEWHATACTIONTHEOTHERPERSONSHOULDTAKEANDTHEBENEFITSTellthepersonwhattheyneedtodoandhowtheiractionswillbenefitthemselvesandothers.Ifapersonhesitates,emphasizebenefitsyou’vealreadymentionedandthen,ifnecessary,addfurtherbenefits.Ifapersonagrees,followupimmediately.Ifpossible,getadonation,asignature,orapromise.◆RECORDCONTACTINFORMATIONONTHESPOTRecordnames,addresses,e-mailaddresses,phonenumbers,andresponsestoquestionsonthespot.Youwon’trememberthemlater!特別提醒：本題共5個小題，需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答?。單選題]◆Whydoestheauthorsaythatdoor-knockinghasbecomealostart?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Itisnoteffective,noonewilltakethismethodanymore.B.Peoplefocusonprivacyincreasingly,sodoor-knockingseemslikeanintrusionintootherpeople’slivesC.Itisverydifficulttododoor-knocking,nooneknowshowtodoitnow.[單選題]◆Whichstepshouldbefirstlytakenwhenyoutrydoor-knocking?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Findagoodexcusetodoor-knockB.WearanofficialnametagC.Leaveadoorhanger[單選題]◆Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseonthespotmean?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.withoutdelayB.atsomeplaceC.inadifficultsituation[單選題]◆Whichtimeisnotappropriatefordoorknocking?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Saturdayafternoon.B.Mondaymorning.C.Thursdayevening.[單選題]◆Whowillreceivepleasantreceptionwhentheytrydoor-knocking?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Astrangerwhoisnotlivinginthiscommunityandgivesnonoticeforhis/hervisit.B.Anoffensiveacquaintancewhocomesatanytime.C.Aneighborwhodoesgoodpreparationandhassignificantprojecttointroduce.首字母HHumanResourcesManagement(HRM)istheprocessofmanagingpeopleandtheirrelationshipsinanorganization.Thesetwoprocessesareimportantinthesuccessandgrowthofabusiness.Inmanagingpeople,staffingisthemostimportantcomponentofHRM.Itneedstomakeguidelinesandproceduresforhiringandplacement.Staffingalsoinvolvesthemanagementofemployeesonmatterslikemonitoringofholidays,absences,healthandsafety,disciplinaryaction,anddismissal.AnotherimportantelementofHRMinmanagingpeopleiskeepingtheemployeesinthecompany.Thetrainingofemployeestoenablethemtoimprovetheircareerdevelopmentisveryimportant.GoodHRMpoliciesensurethatthereareclearregulationswhichshowthepaylevelsforthedifferentpositionsinanorganization.Itisimportantforthestafftoknowthecareerpath,pay,trainingandotheropportunitiesthatareavailabletothem.PerformancemanagementisanotherimportantcomponentofHRM.Thereasonforthisisthatmanyemployersuseittoevaluatecareerimprovementandtodeterminepayincreases.ThesecondaryroleofHRMisthemanagementoftherelationshipsamongpeopleinanorganization.Thisincludesstaffwithindepartmentsaswellasacrossthewholeorganization.Therelationshipbetweenstaffandmanagementisanimportantfactorinthesuccessofanorganization.Itdecideshowfastanorganizationwillrealizetheirgoals.ThefocusofHRMisthepeoplewithinanorganization.Regularplanning,monitoringandevaluationareimportantforthesuccessofHRM.Successfulmanagementensuresthatallemployeesknowtheirrole,careerdevelopmentandalsofeelpartofanorganization.特別提醒：本題共5個小題,需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答??！[單選題]◆_________is/areimportantinthesuccessofabusiness.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.TeamworkspiritandhighsalaryB.TheprocessofmanagingpeopleandtheirrelationshipsC.Talentsandtheirgoals[單選題]◆ThemostimportantcomponentofHRMis_________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.staffingB.planningC.monitoring[單選題]◆Accordingtothepassage,itisimportantfortheemployeestoknowthecareerpath,pay,trainingandotheropportunitiesthrough_________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.noticesB.policiesC.advertisements[單選題]◆Wecanuse_________toevaluatecareerimprovementandtodeterminepayincreases.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.staffingB.HRMpoliciesC.performancemanagement[單選題]◆_________isNOTmentionedinthetextaboutthesuccessofHRM.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.RegularplanningandmonitoringB.EvaluationC.Training首字母II’mMichaelBush,ManagingDirectorofHoogleEngineering.IampleasedtowelcomeyouheretoourwebsiteandI’dliketotellyoualittleaboutthecompanyanditsorganization.HoogleEngineeringwassetupin1960.Itwasdividedintoseveraldepartmentsatthattime,suchasthesalesdepartment,marketingdepartment,andproductiondepartment.Lotsofmanagerswereemployedtomanageitall.Fortunatelythingsaredifferentnow.SixtypeopleareemployedbyHoogleandcommunicationbetweendepartmentsisconsideredtobeoneofthemostimportantaspectsofthebusiness.Themarketisglobalsoweneedtomakecontactwithcustomersworldwide,notjustlocally.Butintheolddayswewereallindifferentdepartmentsandneverspoketoeachother.Wehadatallstructure.Traditionallywehadpeopleatthefirstlevelontheshopfloor,manufacturingproductsaccordingtotheinstructionswhichtheyweregiven.Thenyouhadasupervisorylevelofpeoplewhosupervisedthemeveryday.Thenyoumoveduptothemiddlemanagement,whoweredoingthetasksofgettingnewbusiness,andthenyouhadtheseniormanagementteam,andthenyouhadtheboard,whodecidedthebusinessstrategy.Sotherewerealotoflevelsinthecompanyintheolddaysactually.Thestructuretodayisthatweformteamswithinteamstoplacepeoplewhocanmanufactureaproduct.Eachteamhasmembersthatcanmanufacturedifferentproducts.Theactualteamsnowareself-managing,sowedon’tevenhaveteamleaders.You’vegottheteams,andthenyou’vegottwopeople,onlytwopeople,whoarewhatyouthinkofasmanagement.Thisisgenerallycalledflatstructure.特別提醒：本題共5個小題,需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答??！[單選題]◆HoogleEngineeringwassetupin_________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.thenineteenthcenturyB.thetwentiethcenturyC.thetwentyfirstcentury[單選題]◆Therearemanydifferent_________ofmanagementinatallstructure.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.kindsB.levelsC.functions[單選題]◆Peopleinaflatstructureusuallyworkin_________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.departmentsB.familiesC.teams[單選題]◆WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage？(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.communicationinthecompanvisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantB.theauthorthinksthetwostructureshavethesamefunctionsC.therearemoreindividualresponsibilitiesintheflatstructure[單選題]◆Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage？(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)

A.OraanizationStructureinhoogleEngineeningB.HistorvofHooaleEngineeringC.SuccessinHoogleengineering首字母MMostofusknowabouttheNobelPrize,especiallytheNobelPeacePrize.butfewofusknowanythingaboutthemanwhosetthemup.HisnamewasAlfredNobel.Hewasagreatscientistandinventorhimself.Besides,hehadabigbusiness.Hisbusinessmaysurpriseyou.Hemadeandsoldexplosives.Hiscompaniesevenmadeandsoldweapons.isn’tthissomethingthatsurprisesyou?ThemanwhomademoneyfromweaponsshouldsetupthePeacePrize?ThoughAlfredNobelhadalotofmoneyfromweapons,hehatedwar.Hehopedthattherewouldbenowarintheworld.HewasoneoftherichestinEurope.Whenhediedin1896,heleftbehindhimalotofmoneyandhisfamouswillAccordingtohiswill,mostofhismoneywasplacedinafund.Hewantedtheinterestfromthefundtobeusedasprizeseveryyear.WeknowthemastheNobelPrizes.TheNobelPrizesareinternational.AlfredNobelwantedthewinnerstobechosenfortheirwork,notthecountrytheycamefrom.AlfredNobelhadgivenhiswholelifetohisstudiesandworkandtothebenefitsofmankind.Hemademoneyallbyhisownefforts,buthelefttheworldsharehiswealth.Hisinventionsandwealthstaywiththeworldforever.特別提醒：本題共5個小題，需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答?。單選題]◆Alfred’sbusinesswas_________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.makingandsellingexplosivesB.makingexplosivesandsellingweaponsC.makingweaponsandsellingexplosives[單選題]◆NobelwantedtosetuptheNobelPeacePrizebecause_________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.hemadeenoughmoneyB.hehatedwarC.hewantedtogetmoreinterestfromthefund[單選題]◆NobelPrizescomefrom_________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.allNobel’smoneyinthefundB.allNobel’smoneyinhiscompanyC.alltheinterestfromthefund[單選題]◆Nobelwasa(an)_________personintheworld.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.unselfishB.kind-heartedC.interesting[單選題]◆WhichstatementofthefollowingisRightaccordingtothepassage?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.NobelPrizesareonlyforsomepeoplefromsomespecialcountries.B.MostofNobel’smoneywasusedfortheworldWars.C.Nobelworkedhardinhislifeandsavedlotsofmoneyfortheworldtoshare.首字母OOfallthefamilymembers,grandparentsareprobablytheleastvalued.Theyarejustthepeoplewhohavealwaysbeenaround.Theymakeafussoverthechildreninthefamily,showofftotheirfriendstheachievementsofthischildorthatchild,andshowcountlesspicturesofnewbabies.Grandfatherscanfixanythingandgrandmothersalwayshavehomemadebiscuitsaround.Whenyouaresmall,itisfuntostaywithyourgrandparentsbecausetheyalwaysletyoudothingsyoucan’tdoathome,andofcourse,theybuyyouthings.Theyarealwaysabletobaby-sitbecausetheydon’tgooutmuchandactuallyprefertoseetheirgrandchildren.Theyareusuallygoodforasmallloannowandthenthatdoesnotneedtobepaidbackbecausetheyturneditintoagift.Yourespectfullylistentotheiradvicebutdonotfollowitbecausetheyareoldanddonotunderstandhowthingsareinthisdayandage.Youthankthempolitelyforwhattheydoforyou,andthendonotcallorvisitthemuntilyouneedsomethingelse.And,ofcourse,younevertellthemhowdeartheyaretoyoubecausetheyknowhowyoufeelaboutthemanyway.Thenallofasudden,theyarenolongertheretodothethingsthatonlygrandparentscando,andyoufindyourselfwishingthatyouhadtoldthemwhattheymeanttoyouaspeopleandnotasgrandparents.特別提醒：本題共5個小題，需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答！！[單選題]◆Whatisthepositionofgrandparentsinthefamily?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Theyaretheleastimportantmembersofthefamily.B.Theyarethemostimportantmembersofthefamily.C.Theyaretheonesatwhomtheirchildrenorgrandchildrenusuallylaugh.[單選題]◆Whatdograndparentsneverdo?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Lookingaftertheirgrandchildren.B.Buyingtheirgrandchildrenthings.C.Tellingtheirgrandchildrenhowdeartheyaretothem.[單選題]◆Whydon’tchildrenneedtopaybacktheloanfromtheirgrandparents?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Grandparentsturntheloanintoagift.B.Theirparentspaybacktheloanforthem.C.Theirgrandparentsdiedbeforetheyhaveenoughmoneytopayitback.[單選題]◆Whydon’tchildrentaketheirgrandparents’advice?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Theiradviceisnotofanyhelpinthepresentsituation.B.Theydon’tliketheadviceitself.C.Followingtheiradvicewillmakethemactlikeoldpeople.[單選題]◆Howdochildrenfeelaftertheirgrandparentsdied?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Theyfeelsorrythatgrandparentsaretheleastvaluedinthefamily.B.Theymissthemverymuchbecausenoonedoesthethingsthatonlygrandparentsdo.C.Theyregrettheydidn’texpresstheirtruefeelingstothem.OnChristmasEve-thenightbeforeChristmasDay-childrenalloverBritainputastockingattheendoftheirbedsbeforetheygotosleep.TheirparentsusuallytellthemthatFatherChristmaswillcomeduringthenight.FatherChristmasisverykindandhearted.Hegetstothetopofeachhouseandclimbsdownthechimneyintothefireplace.HefillseachofthestockingswithChristmaspresents.Ofcourse,FatherChristmasisn’treal.InJimandKate’shouse,“FatherChristmas”isreallyMrGreen.MrGreendoesn’tclimbdownthechimney.Hewaitsuntilthechildrenareasleep.Thenhequietlygoesintotheirbedroomsandfillstheirstockingswithsmallpresents.Whentheywereveryyoung,MrGreensometimesworearedcoat.Buthedoesn’tdothatnow.Thechildrenarenolongeryoung,andtheyknowwho“FatherChristmas”reallyis.Buttheystillputtheirstockingsattheendoftheirbeds.特別提醒：本題共5個小題，需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答??！[單選題]◆ChristmasEveis_________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.ChristmasDayB.theeveningofChristmasDayC.thenightbeforeChristmasDay[單選題]◆FatherChristmasoftenputspresents_________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.intochildren’shatsB.underchildren’sbedsC.intochildren’sstockings[單選題]◆Whenthechildrenwereveryyoung,_________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.theyknewthatFatherChristmaswasn’trealB.theydidn’tknowwhoFatherChristmaswasC.theythoughttheirfatherwasFatherChristmas[單選題]◆Whenthechildrenareolder,they_________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.knowthatFatherChristmasisreallytheirfatherB.asktheirmothertofilltheirstockingswithpresentsC.knowthatFatherChristmasisreal[單選題]◆FatherChristmascomesintothehousethroughthe_________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.windowB.backdoorC.chimneyOneday,PresidentLincolnwenttoaparty,Atthegathering,amancalledDouglaswasrepeatedlytalkingaboutLincoln’slowpositioninlifeandsayingthathefirstmetLincolnwhenhewasashopassistantatavillageshop.Finallyhesaid,“AndMr.Lincolnwasaverygoodwaitertoo.”Peopleburstintolaughter,buttheyquieteddownwhenMr.Lincolnsaidquietly.“Gentlemen,whatMr.Douglashassaidistrue.Ididkeepagrocery,andIdidsellcotton,candlesandcigars,andsometimeswhisky.ButIrememberthatinthosedaysMr.Douglaswasoneofmybestcustomers.IoftenstoodononesideofthecounterandsoldwhiskytoMr.Douglasontheotherside,butthedifferencebetweenusnowis:Ihaveleftmysideofthecounter,butMr.Douglasstillstickstohisasfirmlyasever.”特別提醒：本題共5個小題，需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答?。單選題]◆WherewasDouglastalkingaboutLincoln’slowpositioninlife?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Atameeting,B.Inarestaurant,C.Athome,[單選題]◆WhywasDouglasrepeatedlytalkingaboutLincoln’slowpositioninlife?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.BecausehewasfriendlytoLincoln.B.BecausehewantedotherstolookdownuponLincoln.C.BecausehewantedtotellotherpeopleaboutLincoln’shonestyasashopassistant.[單選題]◆HowdidLincolnwintheoralcompetition?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Hewonitbytellingofhislowpositioninlifeinhisearlydays.B.HewonitbysayingDouglaswastellinglies.C.HewonitbycomparinghispresentpositionwithDouglas.[單選題]◆Whatdoyousupposethesentence“Mr.Douglasstillstickstohisasfirmlyasevermeans?”___________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Douglaswasstillstandingontheothersideofthecounter.B.Douglasremainedadrunkard(酒鬼)andhadnotchangedabit.C.DouglaswasstilltalkingaboutLincoln’slowpositioninlife.[單選題]◆Thestoryimpliesthat___________.(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Don’tlookdownuponother’spastexperience.B.Itisnotgoodtoarguewithothers.C.Everyoneshoulddohisworkwell.首字母QTHEHISTORYOFQUALITYCONTROLQualitycontrolisaseriesofactivitiesthatensureandimprovethequalityofproductsandservice.Theterm’qualitycontrol’cameintocommonuseinthe1950sbecauseofW.EdwardDeming.His’FourteenPoints’havebecomethebibleforqualitycontrolspecialists.Whenthepost-warworldreturnedtoregularmanufacturing,Demingsaidthatinspectingproductqualityaftertheyweremadewasunacceptable.Instead,heproposedaprocessknownas’statisticalqualitycontrol’.Itwouldusecloselymonitoredperformancemeasurestocontrolqualitywhileaproductwasbeingmade.Thegoalofstatisticalqualitycontrolwastogatherdatathatwouldallowfortheconstantimprovementofmanufacturingprocesses.Thiswouldinturnimprovequalitycontrol.AnotherimportantprincipleofDeming’sbeliefswasthatuppermanagementshouldberesponsibleforqualityfailures.Hestronglybelievedthatitwaspossiblefortheworkerstoworkhardtoproducethehighestqualityproductsiftheyweregiventherighttoolsandworkingenvironment.InDeming’sownwords,’thebasiccauseofsicknessinAmericanindustryandtheresultingunemploymentisafailureoftopmanagementtomanage.’Hebelievedthatstrongleadershipledtoamotivatedworkforce.Ifstrongleadershipisthetermformanagersinaqualityenvironment,thenempowermentisthekeyconceptforworkersinDeming’ssystem.Improvededucationandtrainingarekeyfactorsinreachingemployeesandmakingthembelievethattheirincreasedparticipationintheworkprocessisanessentialpartofimprovingquality.Involvement,participation,andteamworkareseenasabsolute’musthaves’ifaqualityworkplaceistobecreated.TheJapanesewerethefirsttouseDeming’sFourteenPoints,andmadegreatsuccess.Asanexample,oneJapanesefactorydoubledproductioninjustoneyearandwasexpectingtogainanadditional25percentimprovementthefollowingyear,withnoincreaseintheamountofworkinghours.Allthishappenedasaresultofsimplyimprovingquality.Itwasinthelate1970sthatAmericanmanufacturingfactoriesrealizedthatqualitycontrolwasasignificantissue.Bythattime,JapanesefirmssuchasHondaandSonyweretakingoverlargeportionsoftheAmericanconsumermarketwhileittookmostAmericanfirmsuntilthe1990stoputqualitycontrolpracticesinplace.特別提醒：本題共5個小題，需要拉動答題框右邊的滾動條使5個試題顯示出來做答！！[單選題]◆AccordingtoW.EdwardDeming,whatisthebesttimetocontrolproductquality?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Beforeaproductismade.B.Afteraproductismade.C.Duringtheproductionprocess.[單選題]◆Whentherearequalityfailures,wheredoesW.EdwardDemingthinktheblamelies?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Intheworkforce.B.Intheuppermanagement.C.Inthetools.[單選題]◆Whichofthefollowingwillnothelptocreateaqualityworkplace?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Workingalone.B.Groupparticipation.C.Trainingprograms.[單選題]◆DuringwhichperiodweresomeJapanesefirmswinningAmericanconsumermarketsoverAmericanfirms?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.1990s.B.2000s.C.1970s.[單選題]◆Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutqualitycontrolisNOTcorrect?(紅色字體為本題正確答案選項)A.Qualitycontrolcanleadtogreatsuccessforacompany.B.Qualitycontrolcanbedonewithinonedepartment.C.Qualitycontrolrequiresconstantimprovement.首字母TThe2014EbolaoutbreakisthelargestinhistoryandthefirstEbolaoutbreakinTestAfrica.Althoughthecurrentepidemicdoesnotcauseasignificantrisktoothernations,manycountries,includingChinaandtheUnitedStatesofAmerica,haveactuallybeenworkingcloselywiththeEbolahitstates.Forexample,theUSCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention(CDC)istakingprecautionsathomebesidesitsactivitiesabroad.CDC’steamof