雅思寫作學(xué)習(xí)課件

雅思英語(yǔ)

●寫作篇PRACTICALENGLISHWRITING

雅思寫作簡(jiǎn)介：

●全程時(shí)間:2小時(shí)55分●寫作時(shí)間:60分

Task120分圖表作文(150字以上)Task240分議論文(250字以上)●雅思評(píng)分:9分制

(留學(xué)需要6分以上,最好達(dá)到7分)●分項(xiàng)式評(píng)分:根據(jù)具體評(píng)分細(xì)則給分

Task1OrganizationIdeaLanguage

圖表題寫作WSkillsRITINGTASK1:INFORMATIONTRANSFERWritingTask-1WSkillsritingYoushouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.

Thepiechartbelowshowsthemainreasonswhyagriculturallandbecomeslessproductive.Thetableshowsthesecausesaffectedthreeregionsoftheworldduringthe1990s.

Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.

Writeatleast150words.BarchartProportionalbarchartPiechartLinegraphTYPE1:BARCHARTGRAPH1:APPARENTCONSUMPTIONOFPUREALCOHOL

TYPE2:LINEGRAPHTYPE3:PIECHARTTYPE4:TABLETYPE4:DIAGRAM

雅思圖表題3個(gè)要求第一客觀性

不能有想象成分，總結(jié)歸納要符合邏輯。第二準(zhǔn)確性

數(shù)據(jù)要求精確（不抄錯(cuò)），可以合理目測(cè)（大概數(shù)值）。第三詳盡性

4類特征數(shù)據(jù)一定介紹：最大值（maximum），最小值（minimum），交叉點(diǎn)（intersection），變化趨勢(shì)（trend）。

圖表題3種段落第一開頭段第二主體段第三結(jié)尾段ThefirstthingsyoushoulddowhenyouattemptIELTStask1are:readthequestiontwiceverycarefully.lookatthetableorchartverycarefullyuntilyouaresurewhatitshows-andwhatitdoesn’tshow.Therearethreeimportantthingstolookatinachartbeforeyouwrite:thetitleofthechart-thiswilltellyouwhatisbeingshownoverall,anditusuallygivesthetimeperiodthatitrepresents(e.g.1980-2000)thetitlesoftheverticalandhorizontalaxes-thesewilltellyouwhattheunitsofmeasurementare(e.g.centimetres,kilos,euros)andwhatgroupsarebeingcomparedthekeyorlegend(ifthereisone)-thiswilltellyouwhatgroupsortimeperiodsareshown.[Tip:Thetitlesandlabelsonthechartalsogiveyouusefulvocabularytouseinyourdescription]

開頭段寫作WSkillsRITING第一部分開頭段：1-2句，轉(zhuǎn)述原題

轉(zhuǎn)述原題3法：

①添加單詞②刪除單詞③替換單詞

（注意：改動(dòng)不需過(guò)多，3-4處，即可）

原題一句變兩句，兩句變一句。全部改寫，要保證語(yǔ)法、句型的正確性。

開頭段的時(shí)態(tài)：永遠(yuǎn)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)開頭段：1-2句，轉(zhuǎn)述原題練習(xí)1Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.

Thefollowinggraphsindicatetheproportionoftheeffectoftreatmentintwotypesofcancerinwomen.Youshouldwriteatleast150words.Keyto

練習(xí)1【原文】

Thefollowinggraphsindicatetheproportionoftheeffectoftreatmentintwotypesofcancerinwomen.【改寫】The

two

linegraphs(given)

illustrate/show/demonstrate/outline/describethepercentageoftheinfluenceoftreatmentintwokinds/categoriesofcancerinfemales.

開頭段：1-2句，轉(zhuǎn)述原題練習(xí)2

Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.

Thechartsbelowshowtheresultsofasurveyofadulteducation.Thefirstchartshowsthereasonswhyadultsdecidetostudy.Thepiechartshowshowpeoplethinkthecostsofadulteducationshouldbeshared.

Youshouldwriteatleast150words.Keyto

練習(xí)2【原文】

Thechartsbelowshowtheresultsofasurveyofadulteducation.Thefirstchartshowsthereasonswhyadultsdecidetostudy.Thepiechartshowshowpeoplethinkthecostsofadulteducationshouldbeshared.

【改寫】

Thetwochartsillustratetheresults(outcomes/solutions)ofasurvey(questionnaire)

ofadulteducation.Thebarchartdescribesthereasonswhyadultsdecidetostudywhilethepiechartoutlines

people’sopinionaboutthecostsharesofadulteducation.開頭段：1-2句，轉(zhuǎn)述原題練習(xí)3

Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.

Thetableshowstheresultsofasurveyin2004whichaskedundergraduateandpostgraduatestudentsofaUKuniversitywhethertheyweresatisfiedwiththefacilitiesattheuniversity.

Youshouldwriteatleast150words.

Keyto

練習(xí)3【原文】

Thetable

showstheresultsofasurveyin2004whichaskedundergraduateandpostgraduatestudentsofaUKuniversitywhethertheyweresatisfiedwiththefacilitiesattheuniversity.

【改寫】

Thediagram

givesabreakdown（明細(xì)表）

aboutdifferentattitudes

amongundergraduateandpostgraduatestudentstowards

equipmentsofaUKcollegeintheyear2004.

主體段寫作WSkillsRITING第二部分

圖表題3種段落第一開頭段第二主體段第三結(jié)尾段主體段：1+X句，第一句總體概括，X句具體介紹數(shù)字。第一句作用：

①總括變化趨勢(shì)(有時(shí)間變化的圖，如linegraph和barchart的升降、波動(dòng)等）；或②包含哪幾種數(shù)據(jù)（沒時(shí)間變化的圖，如piechart和

table的組成部分）。X句數(shù)據(jù)介紹3要點(diǎn)：①按照順序介紹數(shù)據(jù)②4類關(guān)鍵信息：

最大-最小-變化-交叉（主要是線圖）還有：起點(diǎn)-拐點(diǎn)-終點(diǎn)信息也值得注意③可作取舍，不必面面俱到，視時(shí)間而定注意：主體段時(shí)態(tài)由題目的時(shí)間決定。主體段模版:

Accordingtothefirstbar,(由圖可見)….Tobemorespecifically

(具體說(shuō)來(lái)),….

Atfirst,….Then,….Afterthat,….Fromthispointonwards,….Finally,….1.Asshowninthe…,Ascanbeseenfromthe…,Itismanifestfromthe…that…2.Tobemorespecific,=Morespecifically,Tobemoreexact,=Moreexactly,Tobemoreprecise,=Moreprecisely,

表示時(shí)間推移的短語(yǔ)（熟記）：Atfirst,(=initially)Then,Afterthat,Fromthispointonwards,Finally(=eventually)…ThelinegraphshowsfiguresforunemploymentintheUKworkforcebetweenMay2003andJuly2006.Itisclearfromthechartthattherateofunemploymentfluctuatedagreatdeal

duringthistime.

Atthebeginningoftheperiod,unemploymentstoodat5.1percent.Afewmonthslaterthefigurehadrisenslightly

to5.2percent.

Unemploymentthenremainedstable

untilSeptember2003.

FromthispointontherewasasteadydownwardtrendandbyJanuary2004theratehadfallento4.9percent.

ItstayedatthisleveluntilMaythesameyear,butfromMaytoJulytherewasanothersmalldrop

of1percent.

TherewerenofurtherchangesinthelevelofunemploymentuntilMarchthefollowingyear.

FromMarchtoMay2005,therewasasmallincreaseof1percent,butthisdidnotlastlongandthefigurehadfallenbackto4.8percentbyJuly.

FromSeptember2005onwards,however,therewasamarkedupwardtrend

intherateofunemploymentintheUK.

FromSeptember2005toNovemberthesameyear,thefigureshotup

from4.8to5.2percent.

Therateremainedstableforafewmonths,butthenrosesharply

again,andhadreachedapeakof5.7percentbyJuly2006.a)Inthelasttaskyoulearnedsomeusefulphrasesfordescribingincreasesanddecreases.Therearealsotwousefulsentencestructuresfordoingthis:1

[nounphrase]+[verb]+[adverb]

Forexample:

Theunemploymentrateroserapidly.Thecostofliving

felldramatically.2

[Thereis/are]+[nounphrase]

Forexample:Therewasariseinunemployment.Therehasbeenanincreaseinthecostofliving.

表示趨勢(shì)的短語(yǔ)-動(dòng)詞（熟記）：數(shù)字趨勢(shì)動(dòng)詞1.上升趨勢(shì):rise,goup,2.下降趨勢(shì):fall,sink,drop,dip,reduce,godown3.保持不變:remainsteady,showno/littlechange4.波動(dòng):fluctuate趨勢(shì)動(dòng)詞替換1.上升趨勢(shì):increase,grow,climb,ascend(jump,surge,soar,shootup)

2.下降趨勢(shì):decline,decrease,descend(plunge,slump)3.保持不變:leveloff/outat,hoverat,stabilizeat,reachaplateauatYoucanalsodescribeincreasesanddecreasesbyusingfractionstoshowthesizeofthechangeoveracertainperiod.Forexample:Thecostofrentsdoubledinlessthanayear.Birthrateshavehalvedsincetheturnofthecentury.ByJuly,thepriceofpetrolhadfallenbyathird.Thenumberofschoolleaversgoingontouniversityhasrisenbyaquartersince1980.表示趨勢(shì)的短語(yǔ)-形容詞（熟記）：1.速度快:sharp,rapid,dramatic,drastic2.速度慢:gradual,slow,steady,gentle3.幅度大:significant,substantial,marked4.幅度小:slight,modest,moderate注意:①以上加ly均為副詞。

②表示分別的副詞是respectively。表示趨勢(shì)的短語(yǔ)-其它（熟記）：1.最高點(diǎn):peakat,reachthehighestpointat,2.最低點(diǎn):bottomoutat,reachthebottomat,thelowestpointat3.達(dá)到多少（量）:reach,arriveat,amountto,hit,standat4.占多少（比例）

:accountfor,makeup,occupy,represent,constitute5.預(yù)測(cè)（會(huì)有）多少:predict,expect,forecast

句型為：

Ais

predicted/expected/forecastedtoreach…這些你用起來(lái)得心應(yīng)手嗎？WSkillsriting1-表示經(jīng)歷了某種變化

see/witness/experience2-表示由…組成

bemadeupof/becomposed/comprisedofconsistof/comprise（主動(dòng)態(tài)）3-對(duì)比和類比

Similarly,/Likewise,…Unlike…,…Incomparison,…In/Bycontrast,…4-大約多少

about/around/roughly/approximatelyjustover/justunder

結(jié)尾段寫作WSkillsRITING第三部分三大注意：①

題目里如果有總數(shù)（total）不要在主體段介紹，可放在結(jié)尾段，比較清楚。如沒有total，就直接總結(jié)上文。

②最后一句結(jié)論沒有必要過(guò)于深刻?？蓳?jù)常理找出圖表呈現(xiàn)的規(guī)律。

③如出現(xiàn)兩圖,一般以圖之間的比較得出結(jié)論。

Fromthetwocharts,itisclearthatelectricityisinhigherdemand

inwinterinEngland.

或如兩個(gè)柱狀圖的結(jié)尾，分別總結(jié)：圖一：30年間美國(guó)結(jié)婚率比離婚率高；圖二：1970和2000年結(jié)婚人數(shù)百分比最大。

(Key-P238)

注意：結(jié)尾段的時(shí)態(tài)由題目的時(shí)間決定。結(jié)論摸版：

Therefore,itcanbeclearlyseenfromthe(table)that…1-

開頭段：改寫writingtask-1。2-結(jié)尾段：分析兩幅圖，寫一個(gè)合理結(jié)論。WSkillsRITING圖表寫作技巧驗(yàn)收參考答案：【開頭段】Thepiechartshowsthattherearefourmaincausesoffarmlandbecomingdegraded

intheworldtoday.Thesecausesaffecteddifferentregionsdifferently

inthe1990s.【結(jié)尾段】Overall,itisclearthatEuropesufferedmorefromfarmlanddegradationthantheotherregions,(結(jié)論1：歐洲農(nóng)田退化最嚴(yán)重）

andthemaincausesweredeforestationandover-cultivation（結(jié)論2：主要原因是濫伐森林和過(guò)度耕種）.引用數(shù)據(jù)方法WSkillsRITING第四節(jié)你知道嗎？WSkillsriting圖表主體段寫作，第一句話是主題句，支持句介紹數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)要詳盡。請(qǐng)看例句：

圖表引用數(shù)據(jù)方法：

1.ThenumberpickedupinJune,rocketing

byalmost500%.

2.TherewasamarkedimprovementinJulywiththenumberofvisitorssurging400%.

3.

Theperiod

betweenMayandSeptembersawasteadygrowthinthenumberofvisitorsfrom70,000to140,000.

4.Thegradualriseinvisitornumbersfrom30,000toapproximately45,000

inthefirstfourmonthswasfollowedbyasharperincreaseinMay.

圖表引用數(shù)據(jù)句型：

1.

Thenumber

pickedupinJune,rocketing

byalmost500%.

2.

TherewasamarkedimprovementinJulywiththenumberofvisitorssurging400%.

3.

TheperiodbetweenMayandSeptembersawasteadygrowth

inthenumberofvisitorsfrom70,000to140,000.

4.

Thegradualrise

invisitornumbersfrom30,000toapproximately45,000inthefirstfourmonthswasfollowedby

asharperincreaseinMay.統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)句型WSkillsritingTherewas

aslightrise

inthenumberofTVaudiencesfromabout3%at6:00amtoabout7%at8am.表達(dá)-1：從早上6點(diǎn)到早上8點(diǎn)看電視的人數(shù)有個(gè)小小的增長(zhǎng),由3%到7%。統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)句型WSkillsritingThepercentagedeclinedsubstantiallyuntil8:00am,bottomingoutat

about45%.表達(dá)-2：百分率一直大幅下滑，到早上8點(diǎn)最低降到約45%。統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)句型WSkillsritingThenexttwohourswitnessedadramaticriseinthenumberagain,withthenumberreaching280atmidday.表達(dá)-3：接下來(lái)的兩個(gè)小時(shí)，數(shù)字又巨幅攀升，中午時(shí)分最高達(dá)到280。統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)句型WSkillsritingHowever,fortherestoftheday,thepercentage

ofradio

wasmuchlowerthanthatofTV.表達(dá)-4：然而在一天里其他的時(shí)間，聽收音機(jī)的百分比要比看電視的百分比低很多。統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)句型WSkillsritingOtherreasons

hadthesmallestnumberin

thefourreasons.表達(dá)-5：其他的原因在這四個(gè)原因中數(shù)字是最小的。統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)句型WSkillsritingThepriceplungeddramaticallyin1994,butthenitregaineditspreviouslevel,before

soaringtoan