2021-2022學(xué)年江西省宜春市上高二中高一上學(xué)期第三次月考英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）（不含聽(tīng)力音頻）

2021-2022學(xué)年江西省宜春市上高二中高一上學(xué)期第三次月考英語(yǔ)試題第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.HowmuchwastheTVset?A.$120.B.$60.C.$90.2.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Tomwasrunningaroundthecorner.B.Tomwastalkingwiththepostman.C.Tomwashelpingthepostmanwithhiswork.3.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Coolhimselfdown.B.Buyafan.C.Useelectricity.4.WhydidthebosscriticizeJoseph?A.Hewaslateforwork.B.Hequarreledwiththemanspeaker.C.Hecriticizedthemanspeakertooseriously.5.WhoisFiona?A.Thewomanspeaker.B.Daisy’ssister.C.Thompson’ssister.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6至8題。6Whatwastheweatherlikelastweek?A.Toowarm.B.Niceandsunny.C.Neitherhotnorcold.7.Whatseasonisitnow?A.Summer.B.Winter.C.Autumn.8.Whatdoesthemanthinktheweatherwillbelikethisweekend?A.Hethinksit’llrain.B.Hedoesn’tthinkit’llrain.C.Hethinksit’llbecloudy.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第9至11題。9.Whatcanweknowaboutthesinginggroup?A.It’smadeupof15girls.B.Itpracticesonceeveryotherweek.C.Everymembercomesontimeforeachpractice.10.Whatisthesinginggroupdoingthesedays?A.Practicingeightsongs.B.Performinganewsong.C.Practicingforaschoolshow.11.Whatcanweknowaboutthenewsong?A.ItsnameisSundays.B.It’swrittenbyasingerofthegroup.C.It’swrittenbyafamousmusician.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第12至14題。12.Whatisthefatherreadingatthebeginningoftheconversation?A.Anovel.B.Anewspaper.C.Amagazine.13.Whatkindofbookdoesthegirlwanttoread?A.Abookaboutanimals.B.Abookondolls.C.Abookaboutcandyandcookies.14.Whatdoesthegirl’steachersayaboutreading?A.Thegirlshouldreadbookseveryday.B.Thegirlcanborrowbooksfromthelibrary.C.Thegirloughttoreadatleasttenbooksanight.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第15至17題。15.Wherearetheyplanningtogointhemorning?A.Toazoo.B.Toanartmuseum.C.Totheseashore.16.Whydoesthewomanwanttogoshoppinginstead?A.Tomeetherfriendthere.B.Tobuysomeclothes.C.Tobuyagiftforherfriend.17.Whataretheytalkingabout?A.Acityguide.B.Ashoppingcenter.C.Atravelplan.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.HowasupermarketmakespeoplespendmoremoneyB.HowyoudecidewhatyouaregoingtobuyinasupermarketC.Whodecideswhatyoushouldbuyinasupermarket19.Whydoesthefoodthateverybodymustbuyspreadalloverthestore?A.Toprovideagoodservice.B.Toleadcustomerstoallsectionsofthestore.C.Tomakeiteasyforcustomerstolocatethefood.20.Howmuchdopeoplespendaftertheyhavebeeninastorefor30minutes?A.40centseachminute.B.1500centsintotal.C.Fivedollarseachminute.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALongBeach,a28-mileareaofbeach,liesinsouthwesternWashington,andisgenerallycalledLongBeachBirdwatchingTherearedifferentkindsofbirdsonLongBeach.It’sbestifyouwatchthemfromadistanceanddon’ttrytofrightenthem.TheSouthwestLoopRouteMapcanbegotthroughtheLongBeachPeninsulaVisitorsOfficebycallingl-800-451-2542.HorsesApopularactivityonLongBeachishorsebackriding.TwobusinessesinthecityofLongBeachofferguidedhorsebacktoursalongthebeach:BlackCountryWildernessOutfittersandSkipper’sEquestrianCenter.Youmayalsobringyourownhorse.Amongtheadventuresofferedwithhorsesisawagonridealongthebeach,acarriageridethroughSeavieworCampingRVandtentcampingaren’tallowedonthebeach.Campfiresareallowedwithin100feetoffthebeach,butmustbeawayfromthedrygrass.SwimmingandotheractivitiesSwimmingisallowed,butyoumustbecareful.Thewatersareverycoldanddangerous.Surfingisadvisedonlyforexperiencedsurfers.Beachdrivingisallowedatcertainareasonthebeach.Thespeedlimitis25mph.EnjoyyourtriptoLongBeach,1.WhatcanwelearnaboutLongBeachfromthepassage?A.Itspeopleliveasimplelife. B.Itisaworld-famoustouristattraction.C.ItliesinsoutheasternWashington. D.Itis28kilometerslong.2.WhichofthefollowingisallowedonLongBeach?A.Tentcamping. B.Drivingatthespeedof30mphalongthebeach.C.Diggingsandtofindsomething. D.Settingcampfiresfarawayfromthebeach.3.Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom________.A.aresearchpaper B.atravelguide C.anewsreport D.aninstruction(說(shuō)明書(shū))【答案】1A2.C3.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了LongBeach這個(gè)旅游勝地及其各類度假活動(dòng)的相關(guān)信息。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Communitiestheretakeyoubacktoolddaysofasimplelife.(那里的社區(qū)會(huì)帶你回到過(guò)去簡(jiǎn)單的生活)”可知，長(zhǎng)灘的人民過(guò)著簡(jiǎn)單的生活。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Camping中的“RVandtentcampingaren’tallowedonthebeach.Campfiresareallowedwithin100feetoffthebeach,butmustbeawayfromthedrygrass.(沙灘上不允許露營(yíng)車和帳篷。營(yíng)火允許在離海灘100英尺的范圍內(nèi)生火，但必須遠(yuǎn)離干燥的草地)”和Swimmingandotheractivities中的“Thespeedlimitis25mph.Buildingsandcastles,diggingsandtofindsomething,ridingbicyclesandflyingkitesarealsopopularactivitiesinthearea.(車速限制為每小時(shí)25英里。建沙堡、挖沙找東西、騎自行車和放風(fēng)箏也是該地區(qū)受歡迎的活動(dòng))”可知，在長(zhǎng)灘可以挖沙子找東西。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Here,visitorscanrelaxandenjoythegoodofatotalrest.(游客們可以在這里放松和享受良好的休息)”及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文都是關(guān)于一些旅游活動(dòng)的介紹。由此推知，文章應(yīng)該出自一本旅游指南。故選B。BInanincredibledisplayofcompassionandkindness,amanfromTurkeywasspottedtryingtowarmapigeoninthemostcreativeway.SabahattinY?lmazwasathomeonechillyday.Afterarainshowerhadpassed,henoticedsomethinglandedonthesill(窗臺(tái))outsidehiswindow—acoldandwetpigeon.Theanimalwastremblingandsoaked;itclearlydidn’thavethechancetoseekshelterbeforetherainbegan.Feelingforthepoorpigeon,Y?lmazthoughtofawaytodryhimoff.RatherthanpickhimupandtakehiminsidetowarmupY?lmazpluggedinahairdryerandusedittodryoffthebird.Littledidheknowthathisneighborcapturedthewholemomentonvideo.Inthevideo,Y?lmazcanbeseenleaningoutofhiswindow.Hewasstretchinghisarmasfarashecansothehotaircanreachthepigeon.Thebirdwillinglyletthemanwarmhimup,crouching(蹲伏)tolethisouterfeathersdry.Y?lmaztoldthemediathathespentaboutfifteenminutesdryingoffthebird.Hesaidhehadjustopenedhiswindowwhenhesawthepigeonaroundthecornerofthesill.Hedescribeditaswetand“abouttofreeze”fromthecoldandrainyweather.Afterfifteenminutes,Y?lmazgavethepigeonbirdseed,whichheatehappily.However,thebirdremainedwetstill.“IsawthatitwasstilltheresoIwarmeditupagain,afterthepigeonrecoveredagain,andaftereatingagoodamountofseed,itflewaway,”Y?lmazrecalled.Healsodidn’tknowthathewasbeingrecordedatthetimeandthatthevideowassharedonline.Hesimplydiditoutofthekindnessofhisheart.“Thepigeonisalivingcreatureanddeservedtocontinueliving,thatiswhyIdidit,”hesaid.4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Anonlinevideoaboutapigeonbecameahit.B.Amanwarmedupawetandcoldpigeon.C.Amaninventedacreativewaytohelpbirds.D.Amanlivesinharmonywithapigeon.5.Whatwasthebird’sreactiontoSabahattinY?lmaz’sbehavior?A.Itwasscaredandflewaway.B.Itwasannoyedandrefusedhishelp.C.Itwasreadytoaccepthisassistance.D.Itwashappytosettleinhishome.6.Whatcanweseefromthevideo?A.AmanwasfilmingY?lmaz’skindness.B.Apigeonwasjumpingbackandforthwhendriedoff.C.Y?lmazwaswarmingapigeoninanovelway.D.Yilmazwasstretchinghisarmstocatchapigeon.7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeSabahattinY?lmaz?A.Indifferentbutcreative. B.Patientandambitious.C.Talentedbutcareless. D.Sympatheticandwarm-hearted.【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是為了表現(xiàn)出令人難以置信的同情心和善意，一名來(lái)自土耳其的男子SabahattinY?lmaz被發(fā)現(xiàn)用最具創(chuàng)意的方式給鴿子加熱?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Inanincredibledisplayofcompassionandkindness,amanfromTurkeywasspottedtryingtowarmapigeoninthemostcreativeway.”（為了表現(xiàn)出令人難以置信的同情心和善意，一名來(lái)自土耳其的男子被發(fā)現(xiàn)用最具創(chuàng)意的方式給鴿子加熱。）并結(jié)合全文的內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章主要講述的是一個(gè)人暖了一只又濕又冷的鴿子。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Inthevideo,Y?lmazcanbeseenleaningoutofhiswindow.Hewasstretchinghisarmasfarashecansothehotaircanreachthepigeon.Thebirdwillinglyletthemanwarmhimup,crouching(蹲伏)tolethisouterfeathersdry.”（在視頻中，可以看到Y(jié)?lmaz探出窗外。他把手臂盡可能地伸展，好讓熱空氣夠到鴿子。小鳥(niǎo)很樂(lè)意讓他暖和起來(lái)，蹲著讓他外面的羽毛晾干。）可知，這只鳥(niǎo)對(duì)SabahattinY?lmaz的行為表明它準(zhǔn)備接受他的幫助。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Ratherthanpickhimupandtakehiminsidetowarmup,Y?lmazpluggedinahairdryerandusedittodryoffthebird.Littledidheknowthathisneighborcapturedthewholemomentonvideo.Inthevideo,Y?lmazcanbeseenleaningoutofhiswindow.Hewasstretchinghisarmasfarashecansothehotaircanreachthepigeon.”（Y?lmaz并沒(méi)有把它抱到屋里取暖，而是插上了吹風(fēng)機(jī)，用它來(lái)吹干這只鳥(niǎo)。他不知道的是，他的鄰居拍下了整個(gè)過(guò)程。在視頻中，可以看到Y(jié)?lmaz探出窗外。他把手臂盡可能地伸展，好讓熱空氣夠到鴿子。）可知，我們能從視頻中看到Y(jié)?lmaz正在用一種新奇的方式給鴿子加熱。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“Ratherthanpickhimupandtakehiminsidetowarmup,Y?lmazpluggedinahairdryerandusedittodryoffthebird.（Y?lmaz并沒(méi)有把它抱到屋里取暖，而是插上了吹風(fēng)機(jī)，用它來(lái)吹干這只鳥(niǎo)。）”第四段第一句“Y?lmaztoldthemediathathespentaboutfifteenminutesdryingoffthebird.（Y?lmaz告訴媒體，他花了大約15分鐘把鳥(niǎo)晾干。）”和第五段第一句“Afterfifteenminutes,Y?lmazgavethepigeonbirdseed,whichheatehappily.（十五分鐘后，Y?lmaz給了鴿子食，他吃得很開(kāi)心。）”可知，用“同情和熱心的”最能描述SabahattinY?lmaz。故選D。CTodevelopone'stasteinEnglish,themosteffectivewayistoreadEnglishbooksextensively.Yetonemaybeatalosstochoosetheappropriatebooks,especiallyasabeginner.AsanativeSpanish,Iwouldliketosharesomeofmyexperience.MyfirstEnglishnovelwasJaneAusten'sPrideandPrejudice,recommendedbymanyEnglishteachersandprofessorsasanidealbookforEnglishlearners.Butmyexperiencewassomewhatdisastrous.Ihadgreatdifficultyinunderstandingthenovel,letaloneenjoyingit.It'snotthevocabularythattroubledme,butratherthewayAustenconstructssentences,andherwayofthinking,whichseemedtooremotetomeatthattime.MyfadingenthusiasmwasmuchrecoveredafterreadingHemingway'snovelAFarewelltoArms.Nolongandcomplicatedsentences.AndIparticularlylikedhisbriefandstraightforward(簡(jiǎn)潔的)style.Somyfirstsuggestionis,asabeginner,you'dbetterchoosecontemporarynovelsinsteadofclassicalones.However,ifyourestrictyourselftonovelsyouwillmissalotoftreasures.Englishessayscanatonceinformyou,entertainyou,andimproveyourtasteinEnglish.ThebestexampleisBertrandRussell'swork.Itslanguageisplain,yetyoucannothelpfeelingtheeleganceandthepeculiarsenseofhumor.Hissimplelanguageenableshisphilosophywithinthereachofordinarypeople.Herecomesmysecondsuggestion—essaysareindispensable.Neverfollowothers'recommendationsandopinionsblindly,howeverfamousorinfluential(有很大影響的)thepersonmightbe.Weshouldbeopentovariousideas,butalwaysthinkanddetermineforourselves.Asasayinggoes,oneman'smeatisanotherman'spoison.Withthatinmind,weareboundtofindoutourfavoritewritersthroughreadinganddevelopourfinetasteinEnglish.8.WhatmadethefirstEnglishnovelthattheauthorreadhardtounderstand?A.Complicatedconversations.B.SentencesandAusten'sthinkingpattern.C.Theold-fashionedvocabulary.D.Notknowingthesocialbackground.9.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword"indispensable"?A.Necessary B.Challenging C.Relevant D.Inspirational10.Whatadvicedoestheauthorgiveinthelastparagraph?A.Choosebooksthatchallengeusmost.B.Readbooksthatareinstructive.C.Don'tbeaffectedbyothers'choices.D.Comparebooksbeforebuying.11.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Givecommentsonliteratureworks.B.TellbeginnershowtochooseEnglishbooks.C.EncouragepeopletoreadmoreEnglishbooks.D.RecommendfirstclassbookstoEnglishlearners.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要就如何選擇適合自己的英文讀物，作者給出了自己的建議?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“It'snotthevocabularythattroubledme，but…whichseemedtooremotetomeatthattime.”(困擾我的不是她的詞匯，而是奧斯汀的造句方式，以及她的思維方式，在當(dāng)時(shí)我覺(jué)得這些都太遙遠(yuǎn)了。)可知，作者的第一本英文讀物《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和作者簡(jiǎn)·奧斯汀的思維方式使作者很難讀懂這本書(shū)。故選B?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“Englishessayscanatonceinformyou,entertainyou,andimproveyourtasteinEnglish.ThebestexampleisBertrandRussell'swork.…Hissimplelanguageenableshisphilosophywithinthereachofordinarypeople.”（英語(yǔ)短文可以立即給你信息，娛樂(lè)你，提高你的英語(yǔ)品位。最好的例子就是伯特蘭·羅素的作品。它的語(yǔ)言平淡無(wú)奇，但你卻不禁感受到它的優(yōu)雅和獨(dú)特的幽默感。他簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)言使他的哲學(xué)通俗易懂。）可知，畫線詞前面的部分主要講的是閱讀英語(yǔ)文章的好處，由此可知此處指的應(yīng)是文章也是必不可少的。故畫線詞的意思應(yīng)是“必不可少的，必需的”，與A項(xiàng)necessary的意思相近。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Neverfollowothers'recommendationsandopinionsblindly,howeverfamousorinfluential(有很大影響的)thepersonmightbe.…Asasayinggoes,oneman'smeatisanotherman'spoison.”（不要盲目地聽(tīng)從別人的建議和意見(jiàn)，不管這個(gè)人有多有名，有多有影響力。我們應(yīng)該接受各種意見(jiàn)，但總是要自己思考和決定。俗話說(shuō)，一個(gè)人的佳肴可能是另一個(gè)人的毒藥。）可知，作者在最后一段建議我們要自己做決定，不要盲目聽(tīng)從別人的建議，因?yàn)樘}卜青菜各有所愛(ài)，即不要受別人選擇的影響。故選C。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Todevelopone'stasteinEnglish,themosteffectivewayistoreadEnglishbooksextensively.”（要培養(yǎng)一個(gè)人的英語(yǔ)品味，最有效的方法是廣泛閱讀英語(yǔ)書(shū)籍。）以及AsanativeSpanish,Iwouldliketosharesomeofmyexperience.”（作為一個(gè)土生土長(zhǎng)的西班牙人，我想分享一些我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。）本文作者主要就如何選擇適合自己的英文讀物來(lái)讀，給出了自己的建議。故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】推理判斷題的推斷對(duì)象主要包括隱含意思、目標(biāo)讀者、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度、文章出處、寫作意圖等。以推斷隱含意義的題目居多。推斷隱含意義，即要求根據(jù)文章的某個(gè)句子、段落或全文所提供的事實(shí)進(jìn)行邏輯推理，推斷出作者沒(méi)有提到、沒(méi)有明說(shuō)或者可能發(fā)生的事實(shí)。題干中常含infer（推斷），suggest（暗示），imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推斷，得出結(jié)論）等詞語(yǔ)。解此類題，首先找到相關(guān)信息，然后細(xì)讀、理解相關(guān)信息的字面意義，最后結(jié)合語(yǔ)境和常識(shí)，在字面意義的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行符合邏輯的推斷，從而理解作者的言外之意。根據(jù)第一段“Todevelopone'stasteinEnglish,themosteffectivewayistoreadEnglishbooksextensively.…AsanativeSpanish,Iwouldliketosharesomeofmyexperience.”要培養(yǎng)一個(gè)人的英語(yǔ)品味，最有效的方法是廣泛閱讀英語(yǔ)書(shū)籍。然而，一個(gè)人在選擇合適的書(shū)時(shí)可能會(huì)不知所措，尤其是對(duì)于初學(xué)者來(lái)說(shuō)。作為一個(gè)土生土長(zhǎng)的西班牙人，我想分享一些我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。本文作者主要就如何選擇適合自己的英文讀物來(lái)讀，給出了自己的建議。故選B。DHoweverexcitingspacetravelsounds,astronautsmuststillsufferwithbadfood.Now,foodinspacehastobedehydrated(使脫水)orprecookedandstored.Thismeansastronautsaren’treallyeatingfreshfood.Newtechnologymaychangethis.ScientificAmericanreportsthataspecially-designedovenwillbesentintospacethisautumnwithNASA’sNG-12cargomission.Farfromthecommonvacuum-packedmeals,astronautsmaygettoenjoyfreshlybakedcookiesbeforetheendof2020.Whyaren’ttheybakingcookiesinspacealready?Foronething,there’stheriskofafire.Engineersalsohavetoovercomethechallengeofmicro-gravity(微重力),whichpreventsheatfromcirclinginsideovensthesamewayitdoesonEarth.Astronautswillstillhavetowaitawhilebeforetheycanhavetheircookies,though.Afterbaking,theresultswillbesentbacktoEarthforsafetytesting.Ifsuccessful,thiswillbethefirstoventobakefoodinspace.“Ibelieve...thatwillbegame-changingforbothscienceandastronauts,”foodtechnologyresearcherMaeenaNamanShafieetoldScientificAmerican.OneofthemaindivingforcesbehindthisprojecthasbeenNASA’s2018researchintotheeffectsof“confinementandisolation”.UnlikeontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS),astronautstravelingoutofEarth’sorbitmaynotbeabletospeaktotheirlovedonesonfuturemissions,whichcouldleadtonegativefeelings.It’shopedthatthechancetobakeandsensefamiliarsmellscanbringjoytoastronauts.“IstheISSgoingtosmelllikefresh-bakedcookies?Wedon’tknow,”saidNanoRacks’communicationsmanagerAbbyDickes.“Butthat’sfeelingweallknowandlove...thatwillmakesomeonefeelathome.”Bakingcookiesinspacewouldmarkanimportantstep,offeringasmallcomfortinthedifficultandunfamiliarenvironmentofspacetravel.AstronautshavealreadygrownplantsaboardtheISS.Withcommercialspacetravelnowbeingplanned,whoknowswhatotherdevelopmentsmaysurpriseusinthefuture?12.Whatcanastronautsdowiththenewoveninspaceinthefuture?A.Theycancookameal B.Theycaneatcookies.C.Theycanbringmorefreshfood D.Theycanpreparefoodquickly13.Accordingtothepassage,whycan’tastronautsbakecookiesinspacenow?A.Cookinginspaceneedssomespecialcookingskills.B.Micro-gravitymakesitdangeroustocookinspace.C.It’sexpensiveandinconvenienttobringfreshfoodtothespace.D.It’sdifficulttoheatfoodthesamewayasonEarthbecauseofdifferentgravity.14.WhichoneisNOTthepurposeofdesigningthespecialoven?A.Topreparesomefreshfoodforastronauts.B.Tobringthefeelingofhometotheastronauts.C.Tomakeimprovementsinspacetravel.D.Toprovideanewgameforastronautstoplayinspace.15.Theauthorismostlikelytothinkthatthefutureofastronauticaldevelopmentwillbe________.A.unknown B.imaginable C.surprising D.confusing【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。一種特別設(shè)計(jì)的烤箱有可能讓宇航員可以在太空烤餅干，吃上新鮮的食物，從而使太空旅行更舒適?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Farfromthecommonvacuum-packedmeals,astronautsmaygettoenjoyfreshlybakedcookiesbeforetheendof2020.(與普通的真空包裝食物不同的是，在2020年底之前，宇航員可能會(huì)享受到新鮮出爐的餅干)”可知，新技術(shù)可以幫助宇航員吃到新鮮的餅干。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Engineersalsohavetoovercomethechallengeofmicro-gravity(微重力),whichpreventsheatfromcirclinginsideovensthesamewayitdoesonEarth.(工程師必須克服微重力，它使熱量不能像在地球上一樣在烤箱內(nèi)環(huán)繞)”可知，宇航員現(xiàn)在不能在太空烘焙餅干，是由于重力的不同，很難用地球上相同的方式加熱食物。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Farfromthecommonvacuum-packedmeals,astronautsmaygettoenjoyfreshlybakedcookiesbeforetheendof2020.(與普通的真空包裝食物不同的是，在2020年底之前，宇航員可能會(huì)享受到新鮮出爐的餅干)”；倒數(shù)第四段“It’shopedthatthechancetobakeandsensefamiliarsmellscanbringjoytocrews.(他們希望通過(guò)烘焙和聞到熟悉的氣味給宇航員們帶來(lái)歡樂(lè))”及倒數(shù)第三段中“Butthat’sfeelingweallknowandlove...thatwillmakesomeonefeelathome.(但這是我們都知道和喜歡的感覺(jué)……這會(huì)讓人有家的感覺(jué))”可知，設(shè)計(jì)特殊烤箱的目的有：為宇航員準(zhǔn)備一些新鮮的食物、給宇航員帶來(lái)家的感覺(jué)以及改善太空旅行，除了D選項(xiàng)“為宇航員提供一個(gè)在太空玩的新游戲”。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Withcommercialspacetravelnowbeingplanned,whoknowswhatotherdevelopmentsmaysurpriseusinthefuture?(隨著商業(yè)太空旅行正在計(jì)劃中，誰(shuí)知道未來(lái)還有什么其他的發(fā)展會(huì)讓我們大吃一驚呢？)”可推知，作者最有可能認(rèn)為，航天發(fā)展的未來(lái)將是令人驚訝的。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whenitcomestohavingfuninthesun,it’seasytolosetrackoftime.Ifyou’renotcareful,thiscanbequitedangerous.____16____Butitcaneasilybeprevented—allyouneedisalittlesunscreen.____17____Peoplehavebeenusingchemicalpastestoprotectthemselvesfromthesunforcenturies.ButthefirstmodemsunscreensoldonthemarketwasofferedbyFrenchcompany:L’orealin1935.Severalothercompanieswerequicktoreleasetheirownsunscreens.Perhapsthebiggestadvancementintheworldofsunscreencameinthe1970s,whenscientistsstartedlookingatthesunprotectionfactor,orSPF.____18____Theadvantagesofusingsunscreenareobvious.Itlimitsthepainfuleffectsofsunburn.____19____MillionsofpeoplehavediedfromskincancercausedbyultravioletraysfromtheSUITL.Remembertoapplysunscreen30minutesbeforegoingoutside.Unfortunately,therearemanymistakenideasaboutsunscreen.____20____Somealsothinkyouonlyneedtoputitononceforawholeday’sprotectionorthatyoudon’tneeditoncloudydays.Noneofthesethingsaretrue.Expertssayyoushouldapplysunscreeneverytwohourswhenoutside-inthedaytime,nomatterhowdarkyourskinisorwhattheweatherislike.A.Anditcanevensaveyourlife.B.Sunscreenisnotexactlyarecentinvention.C.Choosingasunscreenisn’tassimpleasitusedtobe.D.Indirectsunlight,sunburncanoccurinlessthan15minutes.E.Thisratingisanumberthatshowshoweffectiveasunscreenis.F.It’sbelievedthatyoudon’tneedmuchsunscreenifyouhavedarkskin.G.Somethinkagoodmethodistocoverasmuchaspossiblewithprotectiveclothing.【答案】16.D17.B18.E19.A20.F【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了防曬霜，介紹了防曬霜的作用、歷史、好處以及一些錯(cuò)誤觀念等。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whenitcomestohavingfuninthesun,it’seasytolosetrackoftime.Ifyou’renotcareful,thiscanbequitedangerous.(說(shuō)到在陽(yáng)光下玩得開(kāi)心，人們很容易忘記時(shí)間。如果你不小心，這可能是相當(dāng)危險(xiǎn)的)”以及后文“Butitcaneasilybeprevented—allyouneedisalittlesunscreen.(但這很容易預(yù)防——你所需要的只是一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)防曬霜)”可知，上文提到在陽(yáng)光下玩耍不注意會(huì)很危險(xiǎn)，后文提到了防曬霜，可推測(cè)本句是在說(shuō)明這一危險(xiǎn)是曬傷。故D選項(xiàng)“在陽(yáng)光直射下，不到15分鐘就會(huì)被曬傷”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Peoplehavebeenusingchemicalpastestoprotectthemselvesfromthesunforcenturies.ButthefirstmodemsunscreensoldonthemarketwasofferedbyFrenchcompany:L’orealin1935.(幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，人們一直使用化學(xué)漿糊來(lái)保護(hù)自己免受日曬。但1935年，法國(guó)公司歐萊雅在市場(chǎng)上推出了第一款現(xiàn)代防曬霜)”可知，本段主要在說(shuō)明防曬霜的發(fā)明歷史，故B選項(xiàng)“防曬霜并不是最近才發(fā)明的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Severalothercompanieswerequicktoreleasetheirownsunscreens.Perhapsthebiggestadvancementintheworldofsunscreencameinthe1970s,whenscientistsstartedlookingatthesunprotectionfactor,orSPF.(其他幾家公司也迅速推出了自己的防曬霜。也許防曬霜世界上最大的進(jìn)步出現(xiàn)在20世紀(jì)70年代，當(dāng)時(shí)科學(xué)家們開(kāi)始研究防曬系數(shù))”可知，上文提到了“防曬系數(shù)”一次，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)承接上文繼續(xù)對(duì)此進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明，E選項(xiàng)中Thisrating對(duì)應(yīng)上文中SPF。故E選項(xiàng)“這個(gè)等級(jí)是一個(gè)顯示防曬霜的效果的數(shù)字”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Theadvantagesofusingsunscreenareobvious.Itlimitsthepainfuleffectsofsunburn.(使用防曬霜的好處是顯而易見(jiàn)的。它能減輕曬傷帶來(lái)的痛苦)”以及后文“MillionsofpeoplehavediedfromskincancercausedbyultravioletraysfromtheSUITL.(數(shù)百萬(wàn)人死于SUITL的紫外線引起的皮膚癌)”可知，本段主要在說(shuō)明防曬霜的益處，后文提到了很多人死于皮膚癌，可推測(cè)防曬霜還可以拯救生命，A選項(xiàng)中it指代上文sunscreen。故A選項(xiàng)“它甚至可以拯救你的生命”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Unfortunately,therearemanymistakenideasaboutsunscreen.(不幸的是，關(guān)于防曬霜有很多錯(cuò)誤的觀念)”以及后文“Somealsothinkyouonlyneedtoputitononceforawholeday’sprotectionorthatyoudon’tneeditoncloudydays.Noneofthesethingsaretrue.Expertssayyoushouldapplysunscreeneverytwohourswhenoutside-inthedaytime,nomatterhowdarkyourskinisorwhattheweatherislike.(也有些人認(rèn)為你只需要涂一次就能保護(hù)一整天，或者陰天不需要。這些都不是真的。專家說(shuō)，在戶外每?jī)蓚€(gè)小時(shí)就應(yīng)該涂一次防曬霜——在白天，無(wú)論你的皮膚有多黑或天氣如何)”可知，本段主要是關(guān)于防曬霜的一些誤解，故本句承接上文具體說(shuō)明人們的誤解是什么，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)中youhavedarkskin對(duì)應(yīng)后文中howdarkyourskin。故F選項(xiàng)“人們認(rèn)為，如果你是深色皮膚，你不需要太多的防曬霜”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Amanlandedonadesertedislandafterashipwreck(船只失事).Everydayheprayed,___21___someonecouldpassandsavehim,buttohis___22___,nooneevercame.Monthswentbyandthismanlearnedto___23___foodandfirewoodfromtheislandandstoredtheminahut(小屋)which___24___himonthedesertedisland.Onedaywhenhereturnedtohishutafterhuntingforfood,___25___,hesawhishutwasonfire,alongwithalmosteverythinghehad!Theonlything___26___wastheclothesonhisback.Themangrewso___27___thathefellonhishandsandkneescryingheavilywhenhehappenedtolookupand___28___ashipcominginhisdirection.Themanwas___29___.Astheywereheadingbacktocivilization,themanaskedthecaptain,“Howwereyouableto____30____me?”Thecaptain____31____,“Wewerevoyagingacrosstheocean____32____acloudofsmokegoingup____33____ourattention.Wedecidedtogotocheckitoutandthat’swhywefoundyou!”Inlifewewillalwaysbe____34____withchallenges,problemsanddisasters.Alwayskeepinmindthatadisastercansometimesbegood____35____.21.A.realizing B.designing C.hoping D.doubting22.A.excitement B.disappointment C.amazement D.embarrassment23.A.collect B.receive C.order D.share24.A.sheltered B.suffer C.supply D.serve25.A.naturally B.unexpectedly C.instead D.anyway26.A.valued B.lost C.moved D.left27A.excited B.tired C.weak D.hopeless28.A.spotted B.sought C.caught D.searched29.A.protected B.rewarded C.welcomed D.saved30.A.trust B.keep C.seize D.find31.A.declared B.explained C.added D.found32.A.while B.why C.when D.where33.A.caught B.paid C.attacked D.adapted34.A.supplied B.satisfied C.faced D.delighted35.A.experience B.luck C.information D.progress【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.A25.B26.D27.D28.A29.D30.D31.B32.C33.A34.C35.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一個(gè)男人被困在荒島上，給他遮風(fēng)避雨的小屋著火了，本來(lái)他很絕望，但小屋產(chǎn)生的濃煙吸引了來(lái)往船只的注意，讓他最終獲救的故事?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他每天都在祈禱，希望有人能過(guò)來(lái)救他，但令他失望的是，從來(lái)沒(méi)有人來(lái)過(guò)。A.realizing意識(shí)到，實(shí)現(xiàn)；B.designing設(shè)計(jì)；C.hoping希望；D.doubting懷疑。根據(jù)前文“Amanlandedonadesertedislandafterashipwreck.”可知，這個(gè)人遇到了船只失事，登上了一個(gè)荒島，應(yīng)該是希望有人來(lái)救他。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他每天都在祈禱，希望有人能過(guò)來(lái)救他，但令他失望的是，從來(lái)沒(méi)有人來(lái)過(guò)。A.excitement興奮，激動(dòng)；B.disappointment失望C.amazement驚奇；D.embarrassment尷尬。根據(jù)后文“nooneevercame.”可知，沒(méi)有人來(lái)救他，因此他應(yīng)該是很失望。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個(gè)月過(guò)去了，這個(gè)人學(xué)會(huì)了從島上收集食物和柴火，并將它們儲(chǔ)存在給他遮風(fēng)避雨的小屋里。A.collect收集；B.receive收到；C.order命令；D.share分享。根據(jù)后文“foodandfirewoodfromtheislandandstoredtheminahut”可知，他應(yīng)是先收集食物和柴火，再把它們放到小屋里。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幾個(gè)月過(guò)去了，這個(gè)人學(xué)會(huì)了從島上收集食物和柴火，并將它們儲(chǔ)存在給他遮風(fēng)避雨的小屋里。A.sheltered保護(hù)，掩蔽；B.suffer遭受；C.supply提供；D.serve服務(wù)。根據(jù)前文可知，他會(huì)將食物和柴火儲(chǔ)存在小屋里，因此小屋是能夠保護(hù)他的，是他的避難所。故填A(yù)項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：令他意外的是，他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的小屋和幾乎所有的東西都著了火。A.naturally自然地；B.unexpectedly意外地；C.instead相反地；D.anyway無(wú)論如何。根據(jù)前文可知，他搜尋食物回來(lái)時(shí)才發(fā)現(xiàn)小屋和其他東西著了火，說(shuō)明他應(yīng)該是很意外。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：只留下他身上的衣服了。A.valued珍惜；B.lost失去；C.moved移動(dòng)，搬家；D.left離開(kāi)，留下。根據(jù)前文“Hesawhishutwasonfire,alongwithalmosteverythinghehad!”可知，他所有的東西都化為烏有了，身上的衣服是唯一留下來(lái)的東西。故選D項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)人變得非常絕望，以至跪倒在地大哭起來(lái)，這時(shí)，他碰巧抬頭向上看，發(fā)現(xiàn)一艘船朝他的方向駛來(lái)。A.excited興奮的；B.tired疲勞的；C.weak虛弱的；D.hopeless絕望的。根據(jù)上文可知，他幾個(gè)月來(lái)每天都在希望有人能來(lái)救他，結(jié)果自己在荒島上的一切由于著火化為烏有，對(duì)于他來(lái)說(shuō)，應(yīng)該是感到絕望的。故選D項(xiàng)。28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)人變得非常絕望，以至跪倒在地大哭起來(lái)，這時(shí)，他碰巧抬頭向上看，發(fā)現(xiàn)一艘船朝他的方向駛來(lái)。A.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.sought尋找；C.caught抓??；D.searched搜尋。根據(jù)上文可知，他是碰巧抬頭才發(fā)現(xiàn)一艘朝他方向駛來(lái)的船只。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)男人獲救了。A.protected保護(hù)；B.rewarded獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；C.welcomed歡迎；D.saved營(yíng)救。根據(jù)上文可知，有船向他的方向駛來(lái)。再根據(jù)后文“themanaskedthecaptain”提及他向船長(zhǎng)提問(wèn)，可以推斷他獲救了。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你們是怎么找到我的？A.trust信任；B.keep保持；C.seize抓?。籇.find發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文可知，船長(zhǎng)解釋了如何找到他的原因，可以推斷本句是在表達(dá)他向船長(zhǎng)詢問(wèn)是如何發(fā)現(xiàn)他的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：船長(zhǎng)解釋道，我們正在橫渡大洋時(shí)，上升的一團(tuán)煙霧引起了我們的注意。A.declared宣布；B.explained解釋；C.added增加；D.found發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)前文他向船長(zhǎng)的發(fā)問(wèn)可知，此處船長(zhǎng)是在解釋如何找到他的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意：船長(zhǎng)解釋道，我們正在橫渡大洋時(shí)，上升的一團(tuán)煙霧引起了我們的注意。A.while當(dāng)……時(shí)候；B.why……的原因；C.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；D.where在……地方。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，且從句動(dòng)作應(yīng)是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，應(yīng)用when引導(dǎo)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：船長(zhǎng)解釋道，我們正在橫渡大洋時(shí)，上升的一團(tuán)煙霧引起了我們的注意。A.caught抓??；B.paid支付；C.attacked攻擊；D.adapted適應(yīng)。catchone’sattention為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“吸引了……的注意”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在一生中，我們總會(huì)面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)、困難和災(zāi)難。A.supplied供應(yīng)；B.satisfied使……滿足；C.faced面對(duì)；D.delighted使……愉悅。根據(jù)with后賓語(yǔ)“challenges,problemsanddisasters”可知，句意應(yīng)是表達(dá)生活中會(huì)面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)、問(wèn)題和災(zāi)難。befacedwith為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“面對(duì)”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：永遠(yuǎn)記住，災(zāi)難有的時(shí)候很可能是一個(gè)好運(yùn)。A.experience經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)驗(yàn)；B.luck運(yùn)氣；C.information信息；D.progress進(jìn)步。分析句意可知，此處是對(duì)這個(gè)人的遭遇進(jìn)行了總結(jié)。著火使他失去了在荒島上的一切，這是災(zāi)難；但著火的濃煙卻帶來(lái)了營(yíng)救他的船，這是好運(yùn)。因此總結(jié)為“災(zāi)禍有時(shí)也會(huì)帶來(lái)好運(yùn)”。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。CyclistAgustinNavarrowascomingfourthinthecontest(比賽)inSpain.Butashegotclosetothefinishline,____36____(sudden)hesawthathiscompetitorhadsufferedapuncture(