安徽省宿州市十三所重點中學2024-2025學年高二英語上學期期中聯(lián)考試題含解析

PAGEPAGE26安徽省宿州市十三所重點中學2024-2025學年高二英語上學期期中聯(lián)考試題（含解析）第一部分聽力第一節(jié)（共5小題）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatprobablyisthewoman?A.Ateacher.B.Adoctor.C.Ashopassistant.2.Howlongcanthebooksbekeptatmostwithalibrarycard?A.Twoweeks.B.Threeweeks.C.Tenweeks.3.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Clear.4.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthecinema?A.Wonderful.B.Interesting.C.Relaxing.5.Howdoesthemanloseweight?A.Byliftingweights.B.Bydrinkinglessbeer.C.Byworkinginthegym.其次節(jié)（共15小題）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Afootballmatch.B.Atennismatch.C.Aweekendplan.7.Whenwillthewomangototheman'splace?A.Atabout1:30.B.Atabout2:00.C.Atabout2:30.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whyisthemannotgoinghome?AHeisbusy.B.Helacksmoney.C.Hewantstotravel.9.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Holdparties.B.Visitthewoman'shome.C.Invitethewomantohishome.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inthelab.C.Intheclassroom.11.WhendidthewomanbegintolearnSpanish?A.Inhighschool.B.Attheuniversity.C.AftershemovedtoEurope.12.WhathelpedthewomanmostinlearningSpanishandFrench?A.Studyingintheuniversity.B.TravelinginSpainandFrance.C.WatchingTVorlisteningtotheradio.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Howlonghasthemanbeencooking?A.Sincehewasakid.B.Forthelast20years.C.Sincehewas20yearsold.14.Whatdoesthemanthinkimportantaboutmakingfriends?A.Language.B.Eatingtogether.C.Havingsomethingincommon.15.Accordingtotheman,wherewouldbeagoodplacetoeatbeef?A.TheUS.B.FinlandC.China.16.Whatdoesthemanprobablyuseinhisdishes?A.Expensivespices.B.Localingredients.C.Complicatedsauces.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whywas911chosenasanemergencynumber?A.Thenumberswerelucky.B.Itwaseasytomemorize.C.Ithadbeenusedformanyyears.18.Whenwasthefirst911callcreated?A.In1968.B.In1986.C.In1999.19.WhatistheemergencynumberinBritain?A.911.B.999.C.119.20.Inwhatcasescanyoucall911?A.Whenyourfingersgetburnt.B.Whenyouwanttomakeajoke.C.Whenyouwanttoseewhatmighthappen.其次部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)（共15小題）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AOnlineFireSafetyClassNATIONALLYRECOGNIZEDThisonlineFireSafetyClasshasbeendesignedtopresenttopicsrelevanttotheOccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministration(OSHA)trainingrequirement.EASILYACCESSIBLEOurFireSafetyClassis100%onlineandself-paced,whichallowsyoutostartandstopatanytimeandasoftenasnecessarytoadjustyourschedule.ThecoursecanalsobetakenonanydevicethathasaccesstotheInternet:DesktopcomputersLaptopcomputersTabletsSmartphonesYoucanevenstartononedeviceandcontinueonanother!GUARANTEED(保證)ACCEPTANCEYourFireSafetyClasscertificate(證書)comesbackedbya100%money-backguarantee.Ifyourcertificateisnotacceptedforanyreason,contactusandletusknow.Wewillrefundyouthefullpriceofthecourse.LOWESTPRICEGUARANTEEStartingatonly$25,weofferthelowestpricewithabsolutelynohiddenfees;guaranteed!CoursedurationTotalpriceStartnow1hour$25StartyourI-hourcoursenow3hour$35Startyour3-hourcoursenow5hour$40Startyour5-hourcoursenowThebuyingprocessisstraightforwardandsimple:youneverneedtospeakwithasalespersonandyoucanregisterandgetstartedrightnowentirelyonyourown.1.Wherecanyoutaketheclass?A.OnTV. B.Ontheradio.C.Oncomputers. D.Onanyphone.2.Ifyoutakethe5-hourclassandyoufailit,howmuchwouldyoupay?A.$0 B.$25 C.$35 D.$403.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Youcantaketheclassonlyonafixeddevice.B.Youcangetyourmoneybackifyougetthecertificate.C.Youshouldcontactasalesmanbeforebuyingthecourse.D.Youcansuityourownlearningprocesswhiletakingtheclass【答案】1.C2.D3.D【解析】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了一個網(wǎng)絡消防平安課程的一些基本狀況。【1題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章標題“OnlineFireSafetyClass”和第一段“ThisonlineFireSafetyClasshasbeendesignedtopresent…”可知，因為是網(wǎng)絡課程，你可以在電腦上上這門課程。故選C?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)價格表格中的Courseduration(課程持續(xù)時間)5hour和Totalprice(總價格)$40可知，假如你上了5個小時的課卻掛科了，需支付40美元。故選D。【3題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四行“OurFireSafetyClassis100%onlineandself-paced,whichallowsyoutostartandstopatanytimeandasoftenasnecessarytoadjustyourschedule.(我們的消防平安課程是100%在線和自我進度，這允許您起先和停止在任何時間，并常常作為必要的調(diào)整您的時辰表)”可知，選項A.Youcantaketheclassonlyonafixeddevice.(你只能在固定設備上上課)錯誤，選項D.Youcansuityourownlearningprocesswhiletakingtheclass.(你可以依據(jù)自己的學習過程選擇合適的課程)正確；依據(jù)GUARANTEED(保證)ACCEPTANCE中“Ifyourcertificateisnotacceptedforanyreason,contactusandletusknow.Wewillrefundyouthefullpriceofthecourse.(假如您的證書因任何緣由不被接受，請與我們聯(lián)系并讓我們知道。我們將全額退還您的課程費用)”可知，選項B.Youcangetyourmoneybackifyougetthecertificate.(假如您拿到證書，就可以拿回您的錢)錯誤；依據(jù)最終一行“youneverneedtospeakwithasalesperson(你恒久不須要和銷售人員交談)”可知，選項C.Youshouldcontactasalesmanbeforebuyingthecourse.(你應當在購買課程之前聯(lián)系一下銷售人員)錯誤；由此可知，選項D描述正確。故選D。B"I'mready"saidAlyssaCarson,a17-year-oldastronaut-in-trainingfromBatonRouge,Louisiana.Forher,ridingthemostaggressiverollercoasterintheparkisnotabigdeal.Ifallgoesaccordingtoherplans,NASAwillsendhertoMarsin2033,makingherthefirsthumantostepfootontheplanet.Shewillspendtwotothreeyearsdoingsomethingonit,suchasgrowingfood,performingscienceexperiments,andsearchingforsignsoflife.She'sdevotedherentirelifetopreparingforthisjourney.Herloveforspacestartedwhenshewas3yearsoldandwatchedacartooncalledTheBackyardigans.Fiveanimalpalsgoonimaginaryadventuresintheirbackyardincludinginonepart,amissiontoMars."Ithought"Thisredplanetissocool',"shesaid,"Istartedwatchingvideosofrovers"landingonMars."At7,herfathertookhertospacecampinHuntsville,Alabama."Igottoseealife-sizerocket."Shecherishedtherocketsomuchthatshereturned18times.Attheageof12,shebecamethefistpersoninhistorytoattendallthreeNASAspacecampsinHuntsville,Alabama;Quebec,Canada;andIzmir,Turkey.Atfirstshemasteredthebasicsofspaceandhowhumanshaveexploreditthroughouttime.Asshegotoldershesimulated（模擬）missions,tryingtoreachadestinationingravity-free,weightlesszones.Whenshewas9,shemetNASAastronautSandraMagnus.Theexperiencedexplorertoldhershewasheragewhenshedecidedtogotospace.AtthatmomentAlyssaknewherloveofspacewasnotapassinghobby."Ididthesamethingasotherkids,likeswitchingmymindaboutcareers,wantingtobeateacherorthepresidentoneday,"shesaid."ButthewayIalwaysthoughtaboutitwasIwouldbecomeanastronaut,gotoMars,comeback,andthenbeateacherorthepresident."4.WhatmadeAlyssastartherspacedream?A.Herjoyatacartoon. B.Herlovefortherocket.C.Hervisittoaspacecamp. D.Herdevotiontothejourney.5.WhatdoweknowaboutAlyssa?A.SheisthefirsthumantolandonMars.B.Shelovesperformingscienceexperiments.C.Shemakesfullpreparationsforthemission.DShehasgreatinterestinridingrollercoasters.6.WhatdoAlyssa'swordsinthelastparagraphshow?A.Careerchoiceinspireshertoworkhard.B.Spacedreamsgiveheracleardirection.C.Spacetravelbringshermaterialrewards.D.Spaceexperiencesencouragehertolookfornewjobs.7.Wherecanweprobablyreadthispassage?A.Inahealthreport. B.Inanewsmagazine.C.Inatravelguidebook. D.Inasciencefiction【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.B【解析】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要介紹了將第一個登上火星的宇航員AlyssaCarson?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段“Herloveforspacestartedwhenshewas3yearsoldandwatchedacartooncalledTheBackyardigans.Fiveanimalpalsgoonimaginaryadventuresintheirbackyardincludinginonepart,amissiontoMars."Ithought"Thisredplanetissocool',"shesaid,"Istartedwatchingvideosofrovers"landingonMars.(她對太空的酷愛始于3歲時，她看了一部名為《后院奇緣》的動畫片。五個動物摯友在他們的后院進行想象的冒險，其中一部分，火星任務?！拔矣X得‘這個紅色星球太酷了’，”她說，“我起先看漫游者在火星上著陸的視頻。”)”可知，看動畫片時的樂趣讓AlyssaCarson起先了她的太空夢。故選A?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段“She'sdevotedherentirelifetopreparingforthisjourney.(她的一生都在為這次旅行做打算。)”可知，AlyssaCarson為這次任務做了充分的打算。故選C?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段“AtthatmomentAlyssaknewherloveofspacewasnotapassinghobby."Ididthesamethingasotherkids,likeswitchingmymindaboutcareers,wantingtobeateacherorthepresidentoneday,"shesaid."ButthewayIalwaysthoughtaboutitwasIwouldbecomeanastronaut,gotoMars,comeback,andthenbeateacherorthepresident."(在那一刻，Alyssa知道她對太空的酷愛不是一時的愛好。她說：“我和其他孩子做了同樣的事情，比如變更職業(yè)想法，想有一天成為一名老師或總統(tǒng)。”“但我以前的想法是，我要成為一名宇航員，去火星，然后回來，然后成為一名老師或總統(tǒng)?！?”可知，Alyssa的目標特別明確——肯定要登上太空，一切要為太空夢讓路，也就是說，太空夢給了她一個明確的方向。故選B?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了將第一個登上火星的宇航員AlyssaCarson。所以本文是一篇人物介紹，從而推斷出，我們最有可能在新聞雜志上讀到本文。故選B。CSmartphoneshavebeenblamedforeverythingfromtakingdrivers'attentionfromdrivingtokeepingpeopleonthesofascrolling（滾屏）videos.Butthesmartphonethatseemstobeeverywherecouldjusteasilyincreasephysicalactivityifitpushesitsowner'sbuttonsintherightway.Newresearchshowsthatmakingsocialconnections（人際關(guān)系）throughactivity-trackingappsgetspeopletomovemore.Andanotherstudyonthe"PokemonGo"phenomenonshowsthatthesmartphonegamesgotplayerstotakethousandsmorestepsthanusual.Together,thestudiesshowthepotential（潛在性）ofsmartphonestopusharangeofpeopletobemoreactive.Peoplewholinkedwithfriendsontheactivity-trackingappincreasetheirstepsby400adayonaverage,comparedwithpeoplewhomadenosocialconnections,accordingtoTimAlthoffandtwoothercomputerscientistsatStanfordUniversity.Suchopinionsshowthepossibilitiesofsmartphonesandgamestohelpwithoneofthemoststubbornpublichealthproblems-thatevenpeoplewhowanttobeactivehavetroublestayingactive.AnNBAvideogame,forexample,willgiveplayersextrapowersinthegameiftheyreachastepgoalinreallife.Theapp"Zomies,Run!"usesaudiostoriestopushpeopletorunmore.Still,thereisroomforgrowth:Onlyabout4%ofallhealthappsuse"gamification",suchaspoint-scoringorcompetition,accordingtoastudypublishedinOctoberinBMJOpen."Gamificationisactuallyquitecloselylinkedwithbehaviorchangetechniques,"saysDr.ElizabethAnnEdwards,thestudy'sleadauthor.8.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph1probablymean?A.Impresssuccessfully. B.Listcompletely.C.Directprofessionally. D.Functionproperly.9.Howdoestheauthorprovethebenefitsofsmartphones?A.Bylistingsomeresearchresults. B.Byraisingsomepotentialquestions.C.Byanalyzingsomehealthproblems. D.Byexplainingsomesocialconnections.10.Accordingtothetext,whoaremorelikelytoexercisemore?A.Peoplewhoplaysmartphonegames. B.Peoplewhowatchvideosonthesofa.C.Peoplewhomakenosocialconnections. D.Peoplewhohavetroublestayingactive.11.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Tosummarizethepreviousparagraphs. B.Toprovidesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Tointroduceanewtopicfordiscussion. D.Toaddmoreinformationaboutthetopic.【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章講解并描述了，智能手機在很多方面受到人們的指責，但智能手機運用恰當?shù)脑?，還是有利于人們的熬煉的，比如"PokemonGo"智能手機嬉戲讓玩家比平常多走了數(shù)千步，而"Zomies,Run!"運用音頻故事推動人們跑得更多或跑得更快?！?題詳解】詞句揣測題。由其次段中的“Andanotherstudyonthe"PokemonGo"phenomenonshowsthatthesmartphonegamesgotplayerstotakethousandsmorestepsthanusual.”另一項關(guān)于“口袋妖怪”現(xiàn)象的探討表明，智能手機嬉戲讓玩家比平常多走了幾千步。所以推斷出，好像無處不在的智能手機只要按對了主子的按鍵，就很簡潔增加體力活動。），可知只要按對了主子的按鍵，智能手機就可以增加體力活動，即增加（人身體的）功能，physicalactivityifitpushesitsowner'sbuttonsintherightway在此處意為“Functionproperly”。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。由其次段“Newresearchshowsthatmakingsocialconnections（人際關(guān)系）throughactivity-trackingappsgetspeopletomovemore.Andanotherstudyonthe"PokemonGo"phenomenonshowsthatthesmartphonegamesgotplayerstotakethousandsmorestepsthanusual.Together,thestudiesshowthepotential（潛在性）ofsmartphonestopusharangeofpeopletobemoreactive.”（新的探討表明，通過活動跟蹤應用程序建立社交關(guān)系可以讓人們活動得更多。另一項關(guān)于“PokemonGo”現(xiàn)象的探討表明，智能手機嬉戲讓玩家比平常多走了幾千步。這些探討共同表明，智能手機有可能促使一些人變得更加活躍。），可知作者通過列舉一些探討成果證明智能手機的好處。故選A項?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。由其次段中的“Andanotherstudyonthe"PokemonGo"phenomenonshowsthatthesmartphonegamesgotplayerstotakethousandsmorestepsthanusual.”（另一項關(guān)于“PokemonGo”現(xiàn)象的探討表明，智能手機嬉戲讓玩家比平常多走了幾千步。）和第四段中的“AnNBAvideogame,forexample,willgiveplayersextrapowersinthegameiftheyreachastepgoalinreallife.Theapp"Zomies,Run!"usesaudiostoriestopushpeopletorunmore.”（例如，一個NBA的電子嬉戲，假如玩家在現(xiàn)實生活中達到了一個階段性的目標，就會在嬉戲中給予他們額外的力氣。應用程序“僵尸，快跑！”運用音頻故事來推動人們跑得更多。），可知，PokemonGo智能手機嬉戲讓玩家比平常多走了幾千步，在“Zomies,Run!”中假如玩家想在嬉戲中有額外的力氣，玩家須要在現(xiàn)實生活中跑到肯定階段，說明玩智能手機嬉戲的人更簡潔熬煉。故選A項。【11題詳解】推理推斷題。由最終一段“Still,thereisroomforgrowth:Onlyabout4%ofallhealthappsuse"gamification",suchaspoint-scoringorcompetition,accordingtoastudypublishedinOctoberinBMJOpen."Gamificationisactuallyquitecloselylinkedwithbehaviorchangetechniques,"saysDr.ElizabethAnnEdwards,thestudy'sleadauthor.”（盡管如此，仍有增長的空間：依據(jù)10月份發(fā)表在BMJOpen上的一項探討，只有約4%的健康應用程序運用“嬉戲化”，如積分或競爭?！版覒蚧聦嵣吓c行為變更技術(shù)有著特別親密的聯(lián)系，”該探討的主要作者ElizabethAnnEdwards博士說。），可知本段講解并描述了健康應用程序“嬉戲化”的狀況，添加有關(guān)主題的更多信息。故選D項。DScientistssaytheyhavefoundoutachemicalproducedbylocusts（蝗蟲）thatcausestheinsectstojointogetherinhugeswarms（群）.Ontheirown,locustsaremostlyharmless.Butinlargeswarms,theycanbeextremelydestructive.Thenewfindingcouldleadtonewmethodstopreventlocustsfromjoiningswarmstodestroyhugeareasofcrops.ArecentstudypublishedinNatureidentifiesapheromonebelievedtoberesponsiblefortheinsect’sswarmingbehavior.Apheromoneisachemicalitemproducedbyananimalthatinfluencesthebehaviorofanotheranimalofthesamekind.Thepheromone,knownas4VA,wasfoundintheworld’smostwidespreadkindoflocust,themigratorylocust.Itpowerfullydrewlocustsofbothsexesandallages,theresearchfound.Anditwasproducedwhenasfewasfourtofivelocustscametogether.LeadresearcherLeKangiswiththeChineseAcademyofSciences’InstituteofZoology.HetoldReutersnewsagencythatmigratorylocustsaresowidespreadanddangerous,theyrepresent"aseriousthreattoagricultureworldwide."Kangsaidfurtherresearchwillbeneededtofindoutif4VAexistsinotherspecies,suchasthedesertlocust.Kangsaidachemicalcouldbedevelopedtoblock4VA’seffectstopreventswarming.Aman-madeversionofthepheromonemightalsobedevelopedtoattractlocustsintotrapstobekilled.Locustscouldalsobedevelopedwithgeneticchangesthatwouldnotreactto4VA,Kangadded.Suchlocustscouldbesenttothewildtobuildwildnon-swarmingpopulations.LeslieVosshall,headofRockefellerUniversity’sLaboratoryofNeurogeneticsandBehaviorinNewYork,saidoneofthemostexcitingdevelopmentswouldbefindingachemicalthatcouldblockthereceptionof4VA.Shenotedthattherearestillseveralunknownsabouttheresearch.Theseincludewhether4VAistheonlycauseofswarmformation,andwhetherotherlocustspeciesrespondsimilarlytothechemical.12.Whatisthenewfindingofthestudy?A.Newmethodscouldbeusedtostoplocusts.B.Locustsdonotcausemuchdamageontheirown.C.Alargenumberoflocustscandestroythecropsterribly.DLocustsswarmbecauseofachemicalproducedbythemselves.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutthepheromone?A.Itonlyexistsinthemigratorylocust. B.Itismadeatleastingroupsofforty.C.Itistoblameforthelocust’sswarming. D.Itaffectsthebehaviorofotheranimals.14.WhatisLeslie’sattitudetowardthepreventionofthelocust’sswarming?A.Pessimistic. B.Optimistic. C.Subjective. D.Objective.15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleofthispassage?A.Canwekilllocusts? B.Howdolocustsdestroycrops?C.Howdolocustsgetswarmed? D.Canwecontrolthelocust’sdamaging?【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.C【解析】本文是一篇科普說明文，講解并描述了科學家們發(fā)覺了蝗蟲自身產(chǎn)生的4VA這一物質(zhì)能夠讓它們成群結(jié)隊地聚在一起?！?2題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“Scientistssaytheyhavefoundoutachemicalproducedbylocuststhatcausestheinsectstojointogetherinhugeswarms(科學家們說他們發(fā)覺了蝗蟲產(chǎn)生的一種化學物質(zhì)，這種化學物質(zhì)能使蝗蟲成群結(jié)隊地聚集在一起)”可知，由蝗蟲本身所產(chǎn)生的一種化學物質(zhì)可以讓它們成群結(jié)隊地聚在一起。故此題選D?！?3題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段“Itpowerfullydrewlocustsofbothsexesandallages,theresearchfound.Anditwasproducedwhenasfewasfourtofivelocustscametogether(探討發(fā)覺，它吸引了全部年齡和性別的蝗蟲。只有四至五只蝗蟲聚集的時候，就已經(jīng)起先生產(chǎn)了)”可知，信息素能夠吸引全部年齡和性別的蝗蟲，即便蝗蟲數(shù)量很少，也可以存在其中。由此可知，蝗蟲聚集的緣由就是信息素的吸引。故此題選C?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“LeslieVosshallsaidoneofthemostexcitingdevelopmentswouldbefindingachemicalthatcouldblockthereceptionof4VA(LeslieVosshall說到最令人興奮的進展之一將是找到一種能夠阻斷4VA信號接收的化學物質(zhì))”可知，LeslieVosshall希望能在將來找到阻斷4VA接收的物質(zhì)來阻擋蝗蟲聚集出現(xiàn)。但是隨后又通過“Shenotedthattherearestillseveralunknownsabouttheresearch(她指出，關(guān)于這項探討仍有幾個未知數(shù))”表明白這項探討依舊存在著不確定性。由此我們可以總結(jié)出，LeslieVosshall既期盼有方法解決蝗蟲的聚集，但又相識到存在不確定性，所以他的看法是很客觀的。A.Pessimistic.悲觀的；B.Optimistic.樂觀的；C.Subjective.主觀的；D.Objective.客觀的。故此題選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，特殊是依據(jù)第一段“Scientistssaytheyhavefoundoutachemicalproducedbylocuststhatcausestheinsectstojointogetherinhugeswarms(科學家們說他們發(fā)覺了蝗蟲產(chǎn)生的一種化學物質(zhì)，這種化學物質(zhì)能使蝗蟲成群結(jié)隊地聚集在一起)”可知，本文主要介紹了科學家發(fā)覺蝗蟲是如何聚集的。故此題選C。其次節(jié)（共5小題）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Emergencyknocksonthemostunexpectedtime,soitisimportanttoknowhowtogivefirstaid,particularlyinlife-threateningsituations.What'sfirstaid?____16____.Thougheachemergencyconditionisdifferent,followingcorrectfirst-aidstepscanmakeabigdifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.Firstofall,callsomebodyforhelporcallthe911emergencynumber.Beforehelparrives,therulesbelowcanbeappliedtosomeemergencies.Checkthevictim'sbreathandpulse.Ifnosignsofbreathingareclearandthepulseisweak,prepareforCPR（心肺復蘇）.Nevercarrymorethanyoucando.Donotdothingsbeyondyourability.____17____Dowhatyoucanundertheconditionsatthetime.Ifthevictimishurtbadly,checkifthewoundisdeepandifheorsheisbleeding.Findanythingavailabletostopbleeding.Losingonethirdofblood,apersonmaybeingreatdanger.Remember:nevertrytomovethevictimaway.____18____Especiallythereisaspinalinjury.leavingthepersonwhereheis,providedheisbreathing.Keepcalmandconsole（勸慰）thevictim.____19____Itisimportanttostabilize（使穩(wěn)定）theconditionofthevictim.Explaintoherorhimwhatishappeningandthathelphasbeencalledalready.Donotletotherpeoplecrowdaroundthevictim.Bystanderswillbecurioustohavealookandoffertheiradvice.____20____Thevictimmaybelievethattheconditionisworsethanitreallyis.A.Takenecessaryemergencysteps.B.Youshouldhelpaninjuredpersoninanycondition.C.Youcouldmakeaninjuryworseifyoumovethevictim.D.Norshouldyoudothingsifyouareunfamiliarwiththem.E.Actingcalmlywillmakethevictimrelievedandfeelsafe.F.Besides,theymaysaysomethingaboutthevictim'scondition.G.Firstaidisdefinedastheemergencycaregiventoasickorinjuredperson.【答案】16.G17.D18.C19.E20.F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要講解并描述了如何進行急救和急救時的留意事項?！驹斀狻?.結(jié)合上文“What'sfirstaid?”什么是急救？可以推斷空白處是對這個問題進行回答。選項G.“Firstaidisdefinedastheemergencycaregiventoasickorinjuredperson.”急救被定義為對病人或受傷人員的緊急救援。符合文意。故選G。2.結(jié)合上文“Donotdothingsbeyondyourability.”不要做超出你實力范圍的事。下文“Dowhatyoucanundertheconditionsatthetime.”在當時的狀況下，盡你所能做你能做的。由此可推知，空格處的句子應當是對上一句子的承接，而對下一句子的轉(zhuǎn)折，起承上啟下的作用。選項D.“Norshouldyoudothingsifyouareunfamiliarwiththem.”假如你不熟識它們，也不應當做它們。符Donotdothings對應Norshouldyoudothings。故選D。3.結(jié)合上文“nevertrytomovethevictimaway”恒久不要試圖把受害者移開，指出了錯誤的做法?？梢酝浦?，空白處應是對這一錯誤做法說明為什么不能這樣做。選項C.“Youcouldmakeaninjuryworseifyoumovethevictim.”假如你移動受害者，可能會讓傷勢更嚴峻。符合文意，故選C。4.結(jié)合上文“Keepcalmandconsole（勸慰）thevictim.”保持冷靜，勸慰受害者。下文“Itisimportanttostabilize（使穩(wěn)定）theconditionofthevictim.”穩(wěn)定受害者的狀況很重要。由此可推斷，空格處的句子應當是一個承上啟下的句子，承接上文，又呼應下文。選項E.“Actingcalmlywillmakethevictimrelievedandfeelsafe.”冷靜行事會讓受害者感到放松和平安。Keepcalmandconsole（勸慰）thevictim.對應Actingcalmly。故選E。5.結(jié)合上文“Bystanderswillbecurioustohavealookandoffertheiradvice.”旁觀者會很新奇，想看看并供應建議。這是旁觀者的做法。下文“Thevictimmaybelievethattheconditionisworsethanitreallyis.”受害者可能認為狀況比實際狀況更糟。說明白旁觀者的某些做法所引起的后果?？芍瞻滋帒钊氲氖且粋€關(guān)于圍觀者不好的做法的句子。選項F.“Besides,theymaysaysomethingaboutthevictim'scondition.”另外，他們可能會說些受害者的狀況。符合文意，故選F。第三部分語言學問運用第一節(jié)（共20小題）閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。.WhenIwasgrowingup,Ihadanoldneighbor,aphysiciannamedDoctorGibbs.Hedidn'tlooklikeany____21____I'deverknown.Weoftenplayedinhisyard.Buthenever____22____usformakingamessinhisyard.WhenDoctorGibbswasn't____23____lives,hewasplantingtreesinhisyard.Hehadsomeinteresting___24___aboutplantingtrees.He____25____theprinciple"Nopains,nogains".He____26____wateredhisnewtrees,whichflewinthefaceofconventional（傳統(tǒng)的）wisdom.OnceIaskedwhyandhetoldmethat____27____plantsspoiled（寵壞）thembecauseitmadethemgrow____28____.Hesaidhehadtomakethings____29____forthetreessothatonlythestrongestcould_____30_____.Hetalkedabouthowwateringtreesmadethemdevelopshallow_____31_____andhow,iftheywerenotwatered,treeswouldgrowdeeprootsinsearchofwater.So,_____32_____wateringhistreeseverymorning,he'dbeatthemwitharolled-upnewspapertohelpthetreesbuildup_____33_____.Afterhedied,Iwalkedbyhis_____34_____andlookedatthetrees,whichwerealltallandstrong.Iplantedacoupleoftreesmyselfafewyearsago.Twoyearsof_____35_____thesetreesmeanttheygrewweak.Wheneveracoldwindblew,theirbranchestrembled.HardshipseemedtobenefitDoctorGibbs'treesinways_____36_____andcasenevercouldexist.Everynight,beforeIgotobed,Icheckonmytwosons.Ioftenpraythattheirliveswillbeeasy.But_____37_____I'vebeenthinkingthatit'stimetochangemy_____38_____.Iknowmychildrenaregoingto_____39_____hardship.WhatIneedtodoistoprayfordeeproots,sowhentherainfallsandthewindblows,theywon'tbe_____40_____.21.A.doctor B.teacher C.lawyer D.farmer22.A.liked B.admired C.respected D.blamed23.A.saving B.losing C.changing D.shortening24.A.stories B.theories C.goals D.projects25.A.tookapart B.worriedabout C.believedin D.madeup26.A.briefly B.hardly C.enthusiastically D.constantly27.A.watering B.caring C.drying D.growing28.A.stronger B.bigger C.weaker D.healthier29.A.easy B.good C.interesting D.tough30.A.escape B.survive C.sleep D.recover31.A.flowers B.leaves C.branches D.roots32.A.becauseof B.inadditionto C.insteadof D.thanksto33.A.kindness B.love C.strength D.interest34.A.yard B.hospital C.garden D.tomb35.A.planting B.attending C.processing D.ruining36.A.comfort B.freedom C.happiness D.wealth37.A.early B.lately C.previously D.originally38.A.situation B.result C.design D.prayer39.A.leaveout B.careabout C.longfor D.meetwith40.A.turneddown B.tornapart C.pickedout D.thoughtof【答案】21.A22.D23.A24.B25.C26.B27.A28.C29.D30.B31.D32.C33.C34.A35.B36.A37.B38.D39.D40.B【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講解并描述了在作者成長的過程中，有一個老鄰居，Gibbs醫(yī)生，他在種樹時幾乎不給樹澆水，他說是為了讓樹扎根更深，抗風實力更強；當作者在撫養(yǎng)孩子時，理解了其中的道理，我們只有讓根強壯，暴風雨來時，才能英勇面對?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他看起來不像我相識的任何醫(yī)生。A.doctor醫(yī)生；B.teacher老師；C.lawyer律師；D.farmer農(nóng)夫。由上文的“Ihadanoldneighbor,aphysiciannamedDoctorGibbs.”可知，Gibbs是一位醫(yī)生。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但他從不責怪我們把他的院子弄得一團糟。A.liked喜愛；B.admired敬佩；C.respected敬重；D.blamed責怪。由上文的“Weoftenplayedinhisyard.”和本處的“Buthenever____2____usformakingamessinhisyard.”可知，作者他們在Gibbs醫(yī)生的院子里玩，弄得一團糟，一般來說，主子都會生氣責怪的，但Gibbs醫(yī)生從不責怪作者他們。故選D項。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Gibbs醫(yī)生不救人的時候，他在院子里種樹。A.saving挽救；B.losing失去；C.changing變更；D.shortening縮短。由常識可知，醫(yī)生的主要職責就是治病救人。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他對植樹有一些好玩的理論。A.stories故事；B.theories理論；C.goals目標；D.projects項目。由下文的“He____5____theprinciple"Nopains,nogains".”和下文可知，Gibbs醫(yī)生信奉“不勞無獲”的原則，幾乎不給新樹澆水，認為必需讓樹木變得艱難，只有這樣最強壯的樹木才能存活下來，這是一些好玩的理論。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他信奉“不勞無獲”的原則。A.tookapart拆散；B.worriedabout擔憂；C.believedin信任；D.madeup組成、編造。由下文語境可知，Gibbs醫(yī)生幾乎不給新樹澆水，認為必需讓樹木變得艱難，只有這樣最強壯的樹木才能存活下來，不經(jīng)驗艱難，哪能變得強壯呢，所以他信奉的是“不勞無獲”原則。故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他幾乎不給他的新樹澆水，這違反了傳統(tǒng)的才智。A.briefly簡短地；B.hardly幾乎不；C.enthusiastically熱忱地；D.constantly不斷地。由下文的“whichflewinthefaceofconventional（傳統(tǒng)的）wisdom”可知，Gibbs醫(yī)生的做法違反了種樹的傳統(tǒng)才智，一般來說，種樹是要澆水的，他違反了傳統(tǒng)才智，說明他幾乎不給樹澆水。故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次我問為什么，他告知我澆水會毀掉植物，因為這會使它們變得更虛弱。A.watering澆水；B.caring關(guān)切；C.drying(使)變干；D.growing成長。由上文語境可知，Gibbs醫(yī)生幾乎不給樹澆水，作者感到新奇就詢問緣由，Gibbs醫(yī)生告知作者澆水會毀掉植物。故選A項?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次我問為什么，他告知我澆水會毀掉植物，因為這會使它們變得更虛弱。A.stronger更強的；B.bigger更大的；C.weaker更弱的；D.healthier更健康的。由上文的“____7____plantsspoiled（寵壞）them”可知，澆水會毀掉植物，可得出澆水會讓植物變得更虛弱。故選C項?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他說，他必需讓樹木變得艱難，這樣只有最強壯的樹木才能存活下來。A.easy簡潔的；B.good好的；C.interesting好玩的；D.tough艱難的。由上文語境可知，Gibbs醫(yī)生幾乎不給樹澆水，于樹而言，樹木的生存環(huán)境變得很艱難。故選D項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他說，他必需讓樹木變得艱難，這樣只有最強壯的樹木才能存活下來。A.escape逃跑；B.survive幸存；C.sleep睡覺；D.recover復原。由上文的“Hesaidhehadtomakethings____9____forthetreessothatonlythestrongest”可知，Gibbs醫(yī)生幾乎不給樹澆水，樹木的生存環(huán)境變得很艱難，當然只有最強壯的樹木才能幸存下來。故選B項?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他談到了給樹澆水是如何使它們長出淺根的，假如不給它們澆水，樹木會長出深根來找水。A.flowers花朵；B.leaves葉子；C.branches樹枝；D.roots根。由下文的“iftheywerenotwatered,treeswouldgrowdeeprootsinsearchofwater”可知，不給樹澆水，樹長出深根，可得出給樹澆水，樹長出淺根。故選D項?！?2題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：所以，他沒有每天早上給樹澆水，而是用卷起的報紙打樹，幫助樹木增加力氣。A.becauseof因為；B.inadditionto除了；C.insteadof而不是、代替；D.thanksto幸虧。由上文語境可知，Gibbs醫(yī)生幾乎不給樹澆水，還要使樹木的生存環(huán)境變得很艱難，所以此處指“而不是/代替給樹澆水”。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以，他沒有每天早上給樹澆水，而是用卷起的報紙打樹，幫助樹木增加力氣。A.kindness善意；B.love愛；C.strength力氣；D.interest愛好。由語境和上文的“he'dbeatthemwitharolled-upnewspaper”可知，Gibbs醫(yī)生幾乎不給樹澆水，還要使樹木的生存環(huán)境變得很艱難，這樣樹木才能長出深根，成為最強壯的樹活下來，因此用卷起的報紙打樹，是為了讓樹增加力氣。故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他死后，我走過他的院子，看著那些高大強壯的樹。A.yard院子；B.hospital醫(yī)院；C.garden花園；D.tomb墳墓。由上文的“hewasplantingtreesinhisyard”可知，Gibbs醫(yī)生把樹種在院子里，所以作者是走過他的院子，看到了高大強壯的樹。