2025高考英語詞匯復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)清單

2025高考英語詞匯復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)清單一、單詞詳解1.bargain['bɑ?g?n]（1）詞性：名詞(noun)（2）中文釋義：協(xié)議，交易，便宜貨（3）例句：Theyfinallyreachedabargainafterhoursofnegotiation.(經(jīng)過數(shù)小時(shí)的談判，他們終于達(dá)成了協(xié)議。)Igotarealbargainonthisdress-itwas50%off!(這件衣服我真是撿到便宜了，打了五折！)（4）同義詞：deal,agreement,pact（5）反義詞：rip-off(敲竹杠)（6）搭配：strikeabargain(達(dá)成協(xié)議)driveahardbargain(拼命壓價(jià))agoodbargain(便宜貨)（7）拓展詞組:bargainingchip(談判籌碼):Heusedtheinformationasabargainingchipinthenegotiations.bargainfor/onsomething(預(yù)料到,指望):Wehadn'tbargainedonsuchalongwait.bargainbasement(廉價(jià)商品部):Ifoundagreatwintercoatinthebargainbasement.（8）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥：bargain指的是雙方都同意的協(xié)議，而并非單方面的低價(jià)。（9）與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析：bargain,deal:都可以表示“交易”，但bargain更強(qiáng)調(diào)物超所值，而deal則更為中性。bargain,sale:bargain指的是一件商品的價(jià)格很便宜，而sale指的是商店的降價(jià)促銷活動(dòng)。（10）幫助串記的例句：Thecustomerhaggledwiththevendortogetabetterbargain.(顧客與攤販討價(jià)還價(jià)，想買到更便宜的東西。)Hemadeabargainwiththedeviltogainwealthandpower.(他與魔鬼做交易，以獲得財(cái)富和權(quán)力。)2.base[be?s]（1）詞性：名詞(noun),動(dòng)詞(verb)（2）中文釋義：(名詞)底部，基礎(chǔ)，基地，根據(jù)(動(dòng)詞)以...為基礎(chǔ)（3）例句：Thestatuehasawidebase.(這座雕像的底座很寬。)ThecompanyhasitsbaseinNewYork.(這家公司的總部設(shè)在紐約。)Themovieisbasedonatruestory.(這部電影是根據(jù)真實(shí)故事改編的。)（4）同義詞：foundation,bottom,basis,headquarters（5）反義詞：top,summit（6）搭配：atthebaseof(在...的底部)militarybase(軍事基地)database(數(shù)據(jù)庫)baseon(以...為基礎(chǔ))（7）拓展詞組：basecamp(大本營):Theclimberssetuptheirbasecampatthefootofthemountain.offbase(不正確的):Yourassumptionsaboutthesituationarewayoffbase.（8）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥：base作名詞時(shí)，發(fā)音為/be?s/，重音在第一個(gè)音節(jié)。base作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，發(fā)音為/be?z/，重音在第二個(gè)音節(jié)。（9）與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析：base,basis:base指的是具體的底部或基礎(chǔ)，而basis則指抽象的基礎(chǔ)或根據(jù)。（10）幫助串記的例句：Astrongfoundationisessentialforanysuccessfulendeavor,muchlikeasturdybaseiscrucialforatallbuilding.(堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)對(duì)于任何成功的事業(yè)都是至關(guān)重要的，就像堅(jiān)固的底座對(duì)于高層建筑至關(guān)重要一樣。)3.basement['be?sm?nt]（1）詞性：名詞(noun)（2）中文釋義：地下室（3）例句：Westoreouroldfurnitureinthebasement.(我們把舊家具存放在地下室。)Theyfinishedtheirbasementandturneditintoafamilyroom.(他們裝修了地下室，把它變成了家庭活動(dòng)室。)（4）同義詞：cellar（5）搭配：inthebasement(在地下室)basementapartment(地下室公寓)basementfloor(地下室樓層)（6）拓展詞組：fromthebasementtothepenthouse(從底層到頂層)：Hismusicappealedtoeveryone,fromthebasementtothepenthouse.basementband(在地下室排練的樂隊(duì)):Thebasementbandpracticedeveryweekend,hopingtoonedaymakeitbig.（7）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥：basement通常指整個(gè)房屋的地下室，而cellar通常指用于儲(chǔ)藏物品的地下室。（8）幫助串記的例句：Thechildrenwereafraidtogointothedarkanddustybasement.(孩子們不敢進(jìn)入黑暗、滿是灰塵的地下室。)4.basic['be?s?k]（1）詞性：形容詞(adjective)（2）中文釋義：基本的，基礎(chǔ)的，簡單的（3）例句：Heonlyhasabasicunderstandingofthesubject.(他對(duì)這個(gè)科目只有一點(diǎn)基本的了解。)Therecipeisverybasicandeasytofollow.(這個(gè)食譜非常簡單易懂。)（4）同義詞：fundamental,elementary,simple（5）反義詞：advanced,complex,complicated（6）搭配：basicskills(基本技能)basicinformation(基本信息)basicneeds(基本需求)（7）拓展詞組：backtobasics(回歸基礎(chǔ)):Sometimes,thebestsolutionistogobacktobasics.basictraining(基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練):Allnewrecruitshavetogothroughsixweeksofbasictraining.（8）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥：basic形容詞，通常放在所修飾的名詞前面。（9）幫助串記的例句：Weneedtoaddressthebasicneedsofthepoorandthehungry.(我們需要解決窮人和饑餓者的基本需求。)5.basin['be?sn]（1）詞性：名詞(noun)（2）中文釋義：盆，臉盆，盆地（3）例句：Ifilledthebasinwithwarmwaterandwashedmyface.(我在盆里裝滿溫水，洗了把臉。)TheAmazonbasinishometotheworld'slargestrainforest.(亞馬遜盆地是世界上最大的熱帶雨林的所在地。)（4）同義詞：bowl,sink(洗滌槽),valley（5）搭配：washbasin(洗臉盆)catchmentbasin(集水盆地)riverbasin(河流流域)（6）拓展詞組：oceanbasin(海洋盆地):ThePacificOceanbasinisthelargestanddeepestoftheEarth'soceanicbasins.（8）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥：basin作“臉盆”講時(shí)，通常指比較大的，可以用來洗臉、洗衣服的盆。basin作“盆地”講時(shí)，指的是四周地勢較高，中間低洼的地理形態(tài)。（9）與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析：basin,bowl:basin通常指比bowl更大、更深的容器。（10）幫助串記的例句：Thewaterinthebasinwascrystalclear,reflectingtheblueskyabove.(盆里的水清澈見底，倒映著蔚藍(lán)的天空。)6.basket['bɑ?sk?t]（1）詞性：名詞(noun)（2）中文釋義：籃，簍（3）例句：Sheputhershoppinginthebasket.(她把購物的東西放進(jìn)了籃子里。)Thechildrenwereplayingwithaballandabasket.(孩子們在玩球和籃子。)（4）搭配：picnicbasket(野餐籃)laundrybasket(洗衣籃)wastebasket(廢紙簍)（5）拓展詞組：abasketcase(精神崩潰的人;無法獨(dú)立的事物):Aftertheaccident,hewasacompletebasketcase.fullofholes(漏洞百出):Hisalibiwasfullofholes.（6）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥：basket通常指由藤條、柳條等編織而成的容器。（7）幫助串記的例句：Shefilledthebasketwithfreshfruitfromthegarden.(她從花園里摘來新鮮水果，裝滿了籃子。)7.bath[bɑ?θ,b?θ]（1）詞性：名詞(noun)（2）中文釋義：浴，洗澡（3）例句：Itakeabatheveryeveningbeforebed.(我每天晚上睡覺前都洗個(gè)澡。)Hegavethedogabathinthebackyard.(他在后院給狗洗了個(gè)澡。)（4）搭配：takeabath(洗澡)haveabath(洗澡)runabath(放洗澡水)bubblebath(泡泡浴)（5）拓展詞組：bathtub(浴缸)（6）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥：bath作名詞時(shí)，可以指“洗澡”這個(gè)動(dòng)作，也可以指“浴缸”。（7）與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析：bath,bathe:bath多指在浴缸里洗澡，而bathe可以指在浴缸、河里、海里等地方洗澡。（8）幫助串記的例句：Afteralongdayatwork,ahotbathistheperfectwaytorelax.(在辛苦工作了一天后，洗個(gè)熱水澡是放松身心的最佳方式。)8.bathe[be?e]（1）詞性：動(dòng)詞(verb)（2）中文釋義：洗澡，浸（3）例句：Hebathedinthewarmsunlight.(他在溫暖的陽光下沐浴。)Shebathedthewoundwithdisinfectant.(她用消毒劑清洗傷口。)（4）搭配：bathein(沉浸在)sunbathe(日光浴)（5）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥：bathe既可以作及物動(dòng)詞，也可以作不及物動(dòng)詞。（6）與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析：bathe,bath:見bath的辨析。（7）幫助串記的例句：Wespenttheafternoonbathinginthecool,refreshingwaterofthelake.(我們整個(gè)下午都在清涼爽口的湖水中游泳。)9.battle['b?tl]（1）詞性：名詞(noun),動(dòng)詞(verb)（2）中文釋義：(名詞)戰(zhàn)役(動(dòng)詞)戰(zhàn)斗，斗爭（3）例句：Hefoughtbravelyinthebattle.(他在戰(zhàn)斗中英勇作戰(zhàn)。)Thetwoarmiesmetinafiercebattle.(兩軍展開激戰(zhàn)。)She'sbattlingcancerwithcourageanddetermination.(她以勇氣和決心與癌癥作斗爭。)（4）同義詞：fight,combat,struggle（5）反義詞：peace,truce（6）搭配：afiercebattle(激烈的戰(zhàn)斗)win/loseabattle(贏得/輸?shù)魬?zhàn)斗)fightalosingbattle(打一場必?cái)〉恼?（7）拓展詞組：battlefield(戰(zhàn)場):Thebattlefieldwaslitteredwiththebodiesoffallensoldiers.（8）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥：battle既可以指實(shí)際的戰(zhàn)爭，也可以指比喻義的斗爭。（9）與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析：battle,war:battle指的是戰(zhàn)爭中的單個(gè)戰(zhàn)斗，而war則指的是整個(gè)戰(zhàn)爭。（10）幫助串記的例句：Thebattleforcivilrightswaslonganddifficult,butultimatelysuccessful.(爭取公民權(quán)利的斗爭漫長而艱難，但最終取得了勝利。)10.bay[be?]（1）詞性：名詞(noun)（2）中文釋義：灣，海灣（3）例句：Wesailedintotheshelteredbay.(我們駛?cè)肓吮茱L(fēng)的港灣。)Thecityislocatedonabeautifulbay.(這座城市坐落在一個(gè)美麗的海灣。)（5）搭配：HudsonBay(哈德遜灣)SanFranciscoBay(舊金山灣)baywindow(飄窗)（6）拓展詞組：keep/holdatbay(阻止...靠近):Shemanagedtokeepherfearatbaylongenoughtofinishherpresentation.（7）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥：bay通常比gulf小。（8）與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析：bay,gulf:bay指的是比gulf小的海灣。gulf指的是比bay大的海灣。（9）幫助串記的例句：Westoodontheclifftop,gazingoutatthebreathtakingviewofthebaybelow.(我們站在懸崖頂上，俯瞰著下面海灣的壯麗景色。)11.beach[bi?t?]（1）詞性：名詞(noun)（2）中文釋義：海灘，沙灘（3）例句：Wespentthedayswimmingandsunbathingonthebeach.(我們整天在沙灘上游泳和曬日光浴。)Thechildrenwerebuildingsandcastlesonthebeach.(孩子們在沙灘上堆沙堡。)（4）搭配：sandybeach(沙灘)pebblebeach(鵝卵石灘)gotothebeach(去海邊)（5）拓展詞組：beachfront(海濱):Westayedatabeautifulhotelrightonthebeachfront.（6）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥：beach通常指覆蓋著沙子或礫石的海濱地帶。（7）與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析：beach,coast,shore:beach特指覆蓋著沙子或礫石的海濱地帶。coast指的是陸地與海洋的交界處，可以是沙灘、懸崖等多種地形。shore指的是水邊的陸地，可以是海邊、湖邊、河邊等。（8）幫助串記的例句：Thewavescrashedgentlyontheshore,creatingasoothingrhythm.(海浪輕輕地拍打著海岸，形成了一種舒緩的節(jié)奏。)12.beast[bi?st]（1）詞性：名詞(noun)（2）中文釋義：野獸（3）例句：Afiercebeastemergedfromtheforest.(一只兇猛的野獸從森林里鉆了出來。)Thelionisthekingofbeasts.(獅子是萬獸之王。)（4）同義詞：animal,creature,monster（5）搭配：wildbeast(野生動(dòng)物)beastofburden(馱獸)（6）拓展詞組：beastly(糟糕的,令人不快的):Whatbeastlyweather!（7）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥：beast通常指體型較大、性情兇猛的動(dòng)物。（8）幫助串記的例句：Inthedepthsofthejungle,mythicalbeastsroamedfreely.(在叢林深處，神話中的野獸自由游蕩。)13.beat[bi?t]（1）詞性：動(dòng)詞(verb),名詞(noun)（2）中文釋義：(動(dòng)詞)打敗，敲打，攪拌(名詞)節(jié)拍（3）例句：Ourteambeattheirsbyascoreof3to1.(我們隊(duì)以3比1的比分擊敗了他們隊(duì)。)Therainwasbeatingagainstthewindow.(雨點(diǎn)敲打著窗戶。)Shebeattheeggsuntiltheywerelightandfluffy.(她把雞蛋打發(fā)到顏色變淺、蓬松為止。)Icouldhearthebeatofmyownheart.(我能聽到自己的心跳。)（4）同義詞：defeat,hit,strike,rhythm（5）反義詞：lose（6）搭配：beatsomeoneatagame(在比賽中打敗某人)beatadrum(敲鼓)（7）拓展詞組：beataroundthebush(拐彎抹角):Stopbeatingaroundthebushandtellmewhatyoureallythink.（8）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥：beat的過去式和過去分詞都是beat。（9）與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析：beat,win:beat強(qiáng)調(diào)戰(zhàn)勝對(duì)手，而win則強(qiáng)調(diào)取得勝利。beat后面可以直接跟人或隊(duì)伍，而win后面通常要接比賽、獎(jiǎng)品等。（10）幫助串記的例句：Theboxerbeathisopponenttoapulp.(拳擊手把對(duì)手打得鼻青臉腫。)14.beauty['bju?ti]（1）詞性：名詞(noun)（2）中文釋義：美麗，美人（3）例句：Thebeautyofthesunsetwasbreathtaking.(日落的美麗令人嘆為觀止。)Sheisawomanofgreatbeautyandcharm.(她是一位美麗迷人的女性。)（4）同義詞：attractiveness,prettiness,handsomeness,loveliness（5）反義詞：ugliness（6）搭配：naturalbeauty(自然美)beautyqueen(選美皇后)beautysalon(美容院)（7）拓展詞組：beautyisonlyskindeep(美貌是膚淺的):Remember,beautyisonlyskindeep-it'swhat'sinsidethatcounts.（8）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥：beauty是不可數(shù)名詞，表示抽象的“美麗”。（9）與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析：beauty,beautiful:beauty是名詞，而beautiful是形容詞。（10）幫助串記的例句：Truebeautyliesnotinphysicalappearance,butinthekindnessofone'sheart.(真正的美麗不在于外表，而在于內(nèi)心的善良。)15.bedclothes['bedkl??ez]（1）詞性：名詞(noun)（2）中文釋義：(pl.)被褥（3）例句：Shechangedthebedclothesandputonfreshsheets.(她換了床單，鋪上了干凈的床單。)（4）同義詞：bedding,linens（5）搭配：changethebedclothes(換床單)airthebedclothes(晾曬被褥)（6）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥：bedclothes是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，永遠(yuǎn)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。（7）幫助串記的例句：AsIslippedbetweenthewarmbedclothes,Icouldfeelallthestressofthedaymeltaway.(當(dāng)我鉆進(jìn)溫暖的被褥里時(shí)，我能感覺到一天的壓力都消失了。)16.beer[b??]（1）詞性：名詞(noun)（2）中文釋義：啤酒（3）例句：Heorderedabeerwithhismeal.(他點(diǎn)餐時(shí)要了一杯啤酒。)Theywenttothepubforafewbeersafterwork.(他們下班后去酒吧喝了幾杯啤酒。)（4）搭配：apintofbeer(一品脫啤酒)draftbeer(扎啤)bottledbeer(瓶裝啤酒)（5）拓展詞組：beerbelly(啤酒肚):Hehaddevelopedabitofabeerbellyafteryearsofenjoyingafewpintseverynight.（6）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥：beer是不可數(shù)名詞，表示“啤酒”這種飲料。（7）幫助串記的例句：Onahotsummerday,there'snothingquitelikeacold,refreshingbeer.(在炎熱的夏天，沒有什么比一杯冰鎮(zhèn)啤酒更爽口了。)17.beg[beg]（1）詞性：動(dòng)詞(verb)（2）中文釋義：乞求，懇求（3）例句：Thechildrenbeggedtheirparentstoletthemstayuplate.(孩子們懇求父母讓他們晚點(diǎn)睡覺。)Hebeggedforforgiveness.(他請求原諒。)（4）搭配：begforsomething(乞求某物)begsomeonetodosomething(懇求某人做某事)（5）拓展詞組：Ibegyourpardon.(對(duì)不起，請?jiān)僬f一遍;我不同意你的說法)beggar(乞丐):Thebeggarheldouthishand,askingforsparechange.（6）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥：beg后面可以跟動(dòng)詞不定式，表示懇求某人做某事。（7）幫助串記的例句：Thelostpuppylookedupatmewithpleadingeyes,beggingmetotakehimhome.(那只迷路的小狗用懇求的眼神看著我，求我?guī)丶摇?（五）閱讀Passage1ThequaintseasidetownofBayviewhadlongbeenahavenforartistsandpoets,drawntoitsbreathtakingbayandruggedcoastline.Thesaltytangoftheoceanbreezemixedwiththescentofpineneedlesfromtheforestthatformedthetown'snaturalbase,creatinganintoxicatingaromathatawakenedcreativity.Emma,astrugglingartist,hadrentedasmallbasementapartmentoverlookingthebeach,hopingthetown'smagicwouldhelpherovercomeastubbornboutofartisticblock.Hertinylivingspace,thoughhumble,heldacharmofitsown.Thewhitewashedwallsprovidedtheperfectbackdropforhercolorfulcanvases,andthesingle,north-facingwindowbathedtheroominasoft,ethereallight,perfectforcapturingthenuancesofcolorandshadow.Onesunnyafternoon,Emmawanderedalongthebeach,thesandhotbeneathherfeet.Agroupofchildrenplayedvolleyball,theirjoyfulshoutsechoingacrossthebay.Sheenviedtheircarefreespirit,astarkcontrasttotheturmoilwithinher.Herrecentworks,shefelt,lackedthedepthandemotionthathadpreviouslydefinedherart.Theyseemedflat,lifeless,devoidofthebeautythatshesodesperatelywantedtoconvey.Reachingasecludedcove,shenoticedanoldfishermanmendinghisnets.Helookedupandgreetedherwithawarmsmile.Intrigued,shesatdownbesidehim,drawntotheweatheredlinesonhisface,atestamenttoalifelivedbattlingtheelementsandreapingtheocean'sbounty.Theytalkedforhours,notaboutartorbeauty,butaboutthesea,itsmoods,itscreatures,anditsunforgivingnature.Asthesundippedbelowthehorizon,paintingtheskyinakaleidoscopeofcolors,Emmarosetoleave."Thankyou,"shewhispered,asuddenunderstandingdawningonher.Shehadn'tfoundtheanswertoherartisticstrugglesinherpaintsorherbrushes,butinthesimpleactofobservation,intrulyseeingtheworldaroundherandlisteningtothestoriesithadtotell.Hurryingbacktoherbasementapartment,shedugoutherold,paint-splatteredbasketfilledwithbrushesandtubesofcolor.Theanswer,sherealized,wasn'tinfindingtheperfectshadeofbluefortheskyortheidealstroketodepictthecrashingwaves.Itlayintheheartofthestories,theemotions,andtherawbeautythatsurroundedher,waitingtobediscovered.1.WhatinitiallyattractedartistsandpoetstoBayview?a)Thecheaprentinbasementapartments.b)Thevibrantsocialsceneandnightlife.c)Thebeautifulbayandruggedcoastline.d)Theabundanceofartsuppliesavailable.2.WhatwasthemainsourceofEmma'sfrustration?a)Shecouldn'tfindenoughtimetopaint.b)Shewasunhappywiththequalityofherrecentwork.c)Herbasementapartmentwastoosmallanddark.d)Shecouldn'taffordtobuytheartsuppliessheneeded.3.WhatbestdescribesthefishermanEmmaencounteredonthebeach?a)RudeanddismissiveofEmma'spresence.b)World-wearyandcynicalaboutlife.c)Wiseandconnectedtothesea.d)Youngandfullofenergy.4.Whatwasthe"suddenunderstanding"thatdawnedonEmma?a)Thatsheshouldgiveuppaintingandbecomeawriter.b)Thatsheneededtomovetoabiggercityforinspiration.c)Thattrueartisticinspirationcomesfromexperiencingandobservinglife.d)Thattheoldfishermanwassecretlyafamousartist.5.WhatcanweinferaboutEmma'sfutureasanartist?a)Shewillcontinuetostruggleandeventuallygiveup.b)Shewillfindrenewedpurposeandinspirationinherart.c)Shewillbecomeafamouspainterspecializinginseascapes.d)Shewillabandonherartandbecomeafisherman'sapprentice.Passage2Thebustlingmarketplacebuzzedwithactivity,acacophonyofsights,smells,andsounds.Vendorshawkedtheirwares,theirvoiceshoarsefromcallingoutbargainstoattractcustomers.Vibrantlycoloredfabricscascadedfromstalls,temptingpassersbywithintricatedesigns.Thearomaofspiceshungheavyintheair,aheadymixofcinnamon,cumin,andcardamomthattickledthesenses.Ayoungboy,nomorethantenyearsold,navigatedthecrowdedaisles,hissmallframeweavingthroughthethrongofpeople.Heclutchedabasketfilledwithfreshvegetables,hismother'sinstructionsechoinginhisears:"Getthebestdeal,Alfie,everypennycounts."Heapproachedastallpiledhighwithplumptomatoes,theirredskinsgleamingintheafternoonsun.Thevendor,astoutwomanwithaboominglaugh,quotedhimaprice,herwordsbarelyaudibleabovethedin."That'stoomuch,"Alfiecountered,musteringthebravadoofaseasonedhaggler.Hepointedtoasmallblemishononeofthetomatoes,barelynoticeable."Thesearenotthebestquality."Thevendorraisedaneyebrow,aplayfulsmilespreadingacrossherface.Thiswasagametheybothknewhowtoplay.Thebarterbegan,alivelybackandforthofwittycommentsanddramaticsighs,eachtryingtooutdotheother.Finally,aftermuchbanter,theystruckadeal,bothpartiessatisfiedwiththeoutcome.AsAlfiewalkedaway,hisbasketalittlelighterandhiscoinpursealittleheavier,hecouldn'thelpbutfeelasenseofpride.Hehadlearnedwellfromhismother,masteringthedelicateartofthebargain.Itwasn'tjustaboutsavingmoney;itwasaboutrespect,wit,andunderstandingthetruevalueofthings.Suddenly,hebumpedintoabeggar,histatteredclothesandpleadingeyesastarkcontrasttotheabundanceofthemarketplace.ShamewashedoverAlfie.Hereachedintohisbasket,carefullyselectingthelargest,juiciesttomato,andpresseditintothebeggar'soutstretchedhand."Godblessyou,son,"thebeggarwhispered,hisvoicethickwithemotion.Alfiecontinuedonhisway,anewfoundwisdomsettlinginhisheart.Heunderstoodthattruegenerositywasn'tmeasuredincoinsorbargainsbutinactsofkindness,freelygiven.1.Whatistheoverallatmosphereofthemarketplacedescribedinthepassage?a)Quietandpeaceful.b)Chaoticandoverwhelming.c)Livelyandenergetic.d)Dangerousandintimidating.2.WhydoesAlfiebargainwiththevendorforthetomatoes?a)Heenjoysarguingwithadults.b)Heistryingtoimpresstheothershoppers.c)Hewantstopracticehisnegotiationskills.d)Heneedstogetthebestpricehecanforhismother.3.WhatcanbeinferredabouttherelationshipbetweenAlfieandthevendor?a)Theyareenemieswhodislikeeachother.b)Theyarestrangersengaginginacommonmarketpractice.c)Theyarefamilymemberswithahistoryofdisagreements.d)Theyareoldfriendswhoenjoyteasingeachother.4.HowdoesAlfiedemonstratea"newfoundwisdom"attheendofthepassage?a)Bycountingthemoneyhesavedonthetomatoes.b)Bybraggingtohisfriendsabouthisbargainingskills.c)Bygivingatomatotothebeggaroutofgenuinecompassion.d)Byresolvingtoneverbargainforgoodseveragain.5.Whatisthecentralthemeormessageofthepassage?a)Theimportanceofgettingthebestpriceoneverypurchase.b)Theexcitementandchaosofabusymarket.c)Thevalueofkindnessandgenerosityoutweighsmaterialgain.d)Thedangersoftrustingstrangersinacrowdedmarketplace.Passage3TheancientcityofPetra,carveddirectlyintothesheerrockfaceofaJordaniancanyon,hadalwaysheldamythicalallure.Legendsspokeoflosttreasureshiddenwithinitsdustytombsandwhisperedtalesofforgottenempires.Forcenturies,itremainedawell-keptsecret,visitedonlybyBedouinnomadswhotraversedtheunforgivingdesert,theircamelsladenwithgoodsandspices.Dr.EleanorVance,arenownedarchaeologistknownforhermeticulousresearchandadventurousspirit,haddedicatedherlifetouncoveringthesecretsofancientcivilizations.Petra,withitsenigmaticbeautyandhistoricalsignificance,hadbecomeherlife'sobsession.Armedwithhertrustycompass,wornleather-boundjournal,andanunquenchablethirstforknowledge,sheembarkedonanexpeditiontounlockthemysteriesentombedwithinthesandstonecliffs.Herteam,amotleycrewofseasonedexcavatorsandenthusiasticstudents,hadsetuptheirbasecampatthemouthoftheSiq,anarrowgorgethatservedasthegatewaytothehiddencity.Theairbuzzedwithanticipationastheycarefullybrushedawaycenturiesofsandanddebris,eachartifactunearthedatestamenttoagloriouspast.Weeksbledintomonths,theirdaysspentmeticulouslydocumentingeachdiscovery:intricatemosaicsdepictingscenesofdailylife,potteryshardsbearingremnantsofancientscripts,andeventheskeletalremainsofthosewhohadoncecalledthismagicalplacehome.Onescorchingafternoon,whileexploringaparticularlyremotesectionoftheruins,Dr.Vancestumbleduponacuriousanomaly.Asingle,weatheredbasin,half-buriedinthesand,seemedoddlyoutofplaceamidstthegrandeurofthesurroundingtombs.Brushingawaythedust,shefeltasurgeofexcitementcoursethroughherveins.Carvedonitsbasewasaninscriptioninalanguageshehadonlyglimpsedinancienttexts–thelanguageofthelostNabataeankingdom.Thisdiscovery,sheknew,wasmorethanjustanotherartifact.Itwasakey,aRosettaStonethatcouldpotentiallyunlockadeeperunderstandingoftheNabataeancultureandtheiringeniousmasteryofwaterengineering,whichhadallowedthemtothriveintheariddesert.Asthesunbeganitsslowdescent,castinglongshadowsacrossthesandstonecliffs,Dr.VanceknewherworkinPetrawasfarfromover.Thiswasjustthebeginning.1.WhatisthemainreasonDr.VancechosetostudyPetra?a)Todiscoverhiddentreasuresandbecomewealthy.b)Towriteatravelogueaboutheradventuresforamagazine.c)TolearnmoreaboutthelostNabataeancivilizationandtheirculture.d)ToprovehercolleagueswrongabouttheexistenceofPetra.2.WhatcanbeinferredaboutDr.Vance'spersonalitybasedonthepassage?a)Sheisrecklessandimpulsiveinherarchaeologicalpursuits.b)Sheismeticulous,dedicated,andpassionateabouthistory.c)Sheisgreedyandmotivatedbypersonalgain.d)Sheiseasilydiscouragedandgivesupeasily.3.WhatdoesthediscoveryofthebasinwiththeinscriptionrepresentforDr.Vance?a)Afinancialrewardforherhardwork.b)Achancetobecomefamousinherfield.c)AsignificantbreakthroughinunderstandingNabataeanhistory.d)Areasontoabandonherresearchandreturnhome.4.Whatdoesthephrase"thiswasjustthebeginning"attheendofthepassagesuggest?a)Dr.Vancewillsoonreturnhomeaftermakingherdiscovery.b)ThemysteriesofPetrahavebeencompletelysolved.c)TherearelikelymorediscoveriestobemadeinPetra.d)Dr.Vancewillgiveuparchaeologytobecomealinguist.5.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthor'sdescriptionofthe"Siq"andthesurroundingdesertenvironment?a)Tocreateasenseofdangerandadventureinthepassage.b)Toprovidearealisticsettingandhighlightthechallengingconditions.c)TocontrastwiththecomfortandluxuryofDr.Vance'sbasecamp.d)Todiscouragefuturearchaeologicalexpeditionstotheregion.Passage4Theflickeringgaslightcastlong,eerieshadowsacrossthecobbledstreetsofLondon,itsorangeglowstrugglingtopenetratethedensefogthatclungtothecitylikeashroud.Thestenchofcoalsmokeanddampearthfilledtheair,minglingwiththemoreunpleasantodorsemanatingfromthemurkyThames.Inthedimlylitbackroomofthe"BlindBeggar"pub,agroupofmenhuddledaroundatable,theirfacesilluminatedbyasingle,gutteringcandle.Thesewerenotyourtypicalpubpatronsseekingsolaceinaleandboisterouscompany.Thisclandestinegathering,veiledinsecrecy,whisperedaboutmattersofgraveimportance."Heisbecomingaliability,"growledamanwithathickhandlebarmustache,hisvoicebarelyawhisper.“Thecoppersaregettingtooclose.Wordonthestreetistheysuspecthisinvolvementintherecentbankjob.""Hetalkstoomuch,that'shistrouble,"addedanother,hisfacehiddenintheshadows."Toofondofhisbeerandbraggingabouthisexploits.Aloosecannon,Itellyou!"Theirtarget:Jack“TheShadow"Hawkins,notoriousthiefandmastersafecracker.Hawkins,despitehismanytalentsfordeception,possessedafatalflaw-anegolargerthanBuckinghamPalaceandaweaknessforafrothypintofale.Aplanbegantoform,shroudedinwhispersandshadowedglances.TheywoulduseHawkins'ownvanityagainsthim.Lurehimwithafabricatedtaleofapricelessrubynecklace,rumoredtobehiddeninamanorhouseoutsidethecity.Theyknewhisgreedandhisconfidenceinhisownabilitieswouldmakehimaneasymark.Butlittledidtheyknow,JackHawkins,amasterofdisguiseanddeception,hadhisearpressedagainstthethin,woodenpartition,overhearingeveryword.Aslysmileplayeduponhislipsasheslippedoutofthepub,disappearingintothefog-chokednight.Hehadlearnedavaluablelessonthatnight:Trustnoone,especiallythosewhoclaimtohaveyourbestinterestsatheart.Thehunter,itseemed,wasabouttobecomethehunted.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthedetaileddescriptionofthesettingintheopeningparagraph?a)Toestablishasenseofplaceandtimeforthestory.b)Toforeshadowanimpendingnaturaldisaster.c)ToemphasizethepovertyandsqualorofVictorianLondon.d)Toprovideinformationaboutthelocalgeography.2.WhatisthemaincriticismthatthemeninthepubhaveofJackHawkins?a)Heisbecominggreedyanddemandingmoremoney.b)Heisnolongerskilledatcrackingsafes.c)Heisrecklessandattractingunwantedattention.d)Hehasbecomeaddictedtoalcoholandunreliable.3.HowdoesJackHawkinsreacttooverhearingthemen'sconversation?a)Hepanicsandfleesthecity.b)Heconfrontsthemenandthreatensrevenge.c)Heusestheinformationtohisadvantage.d)Hebegsfortheirforgivenessandpromisestochangehisways.4.Whatliterarydeviceisusedinthefinalsentenceofthepassage?a)Simileb)Metaphorc)Personificationd)Irony5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutJackHawkins'personalitybasedonthepassage?a)Heisarrogant,butalsocleverandresourceful.b)Heisnaiveandeasilymanipulatedbyothers.c)Heisloyaltohisfriendsandkeepshispromises.d)Heishonestandfollowsthelaw.Passage5Thegrandmanorhousestoodattheendofalong,windingdrive,itsimposingfa?adegleamingwhiteeveninthetwilight'sfadinglight.Lushgardens,burstingwithfragrantrosesandlavender,stretchedoutbeforeitlikeavibranttapestry.Itwastheepitomeofeleganceandrefinedliving.Yet,beneathitssurfacebeautylayapalpabletension,asenseofforebodingthathungheavyintheair.Inside,thestatelydiningroomwasablazewithcandlelight,thelong,mahoganytableladenwithanarrayofdelicacies.Acrystalchandeliersparkledoverhead,castingdancingshadowsonthesomberfacesoftheassembledguests.LordAshworth,themasterofthehouse,satattheheadofthetable,hisfaceamaskofforcedjoviality.Amountainofaman,hissterngazeandformidablepresencecommandedrespect,ifnotaffection.Flankinghimwerehischildren:Edward,theelderson,adissolutedandymoreconcernedwiththecutofhiscoatthanthedwindlingfamilyfortunes;andVictoria,abeautifulbuticyyoungwoman,herboredombetrayedonlybytheoccasionaltapofherperfectlymanicuredfingernailsagainstthepolishedsilverware.Thesourceoftheiruneasewasseatedopposite:Mr.SilasBlackwood,ashrewdandruthlessbusinessman,hadpurchasedtheAshworthestateforasongafterEdward,anineptgambler,hadaccruedinsurmountabledebts.Tonight'sdinner,underthepretenseofacelebratoryfeast,wasnothingmorethanacharade–afinal,humiliatingreminderoftheirfallfromgrace.Victoria,unabletobearthestrainedsilenceanylonger,pushedbackherchair."Thisisunbearable!"sheexclaimed,hervoicecuttingthroughthesuffocatingtensionlikeashardofglass."Letusnotpretendthisisanythingmorethanitis–apatheticdisplayofsubjugation."Herwordshungintheair,astarkchallengetobothherfamily'sresignationandtoMr.Blackwood'striumphantsmirk.Perhaps,inlosingeverything,theyhadfoundsomethingfarmorevaluable:thecouragetoconfrontthetruthandreclaimtheirownnarrative.1.Whatcontributesmosttothe"senseofforeboding"atthebeginningofthepassage?a)Therundownstateofthemanorhouse.b)Theunpleasantweatherconditions.c)Thepalpabletensionamongtheguests.d)Theabsenceofservantsinthehouse.2.HowdoestheauthorcharacterizeLordAshworth?a)Asakindandcompassionatefatherfigure.b)Asafoolishandirresponsiblepatriarch.c)Asadomineeringandformidablepresence.d)Asacunningandmanipulativebusinessman.3.WhatmotivatesEdward'srecklessbehavior?a)Adesiretorebelagainsthisfather.b)Agamblingaddictionhecannotcontrol.c)Amisguidedattempttoincreasethefam