內(nèi)蒙古通遼新城第一中學(xué)2025屆高三英語下學(xué)期第二次增分訓(xùn)練試題含解析

PAGEPAGE24內(nèi)蒙古通遼新城第一中學(xué)2025屆高三英語下學(xué)期其次次增分訓(xùn)練試題（含解析）時(shí)間:100分鐘分值:150分留意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷分第I卷(選擇題)和第II卷(非選擇題)兩部分，共150分，考試時(shí)間100分鐘。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名，準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置，將條形碼精確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內(nèi)。2.回答第I卷(選擇題)時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。3.回答II卷時(shí)，依據(jù)題號(hào)依次在答題卡上各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在草稿紙上、試卷上或答題卡非題號(hào)對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域的答案一律無效。第一部分：聽力（略）其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATheMetropolitanMuseumofArtWithnearlytwomillionworksofartspanningmorethan5,000years,theMetropolitanMuseumofArt(theMET)isoneoftheworld’slargestandfinestmuseums,presentingthebestofhumancreativityfromaroundtheglobe,withworld-famouscollectionsrangingfromancientEgyptiantreasurestothespectacularNewAmericanWing,plusmorethan30annualspecialexhibitions,allfreewithyouradmission.EnjoydrinksandtheRoofGarden’sspectacularskylineviews(May—October).OrexperienceFridayandSaturdayeveningsattheMET,openuntil9p.m.withlivemusicintheBalconyBar.TheMET,withitstallcolumnsandwindows,largestairwaysandwaterfountains,lookslikeitcouldbeanemperor’spalace.Thesizeanddiversityoftheartworksondisplayareevenmoreimpressive.Themuseum’scollectioncontainsworksfromeverypartoftheworld,spanningfromtheStoneAgetothetwentiethcentury.TheEgyptianArtgalleryincludesawholetemplethatwasshippedtoAmericaasagift.TheMetStoreisawonderfulplacetobuygifts;youwillfindbooksbasedonpastandpresentexhibits,puzzles,jewelryandotherreproductionsproducedbythemuseum.Upstairsthereareblanketsandpostersforhomedecoratingwithstyle.HoursSunday—Thursday:10a.m.—5:30p.m.FridayandSaturday:10a.m.—9p.m.AdmissionAdults:$25Seniors(65andover):$17Students:$12Children(under12;accompaniedbyanadult):Free1.WherecanyoupurchaseasouvenirattheMET?A.IntheRoofGarden. B.IntheBalconyBar.C.IntheMetStore. D.IntheEgyptianArtgallery.2.Howmuchshouldayoungcouplewitha5-year-oldkidpayiftheywanttovisittheMET?A.$25 B.$37 C.$50 D.$623.AtwhichtimebelowcanyouseetheamazingskylineviewsintheRoofGarden?A.OnTuesday28May,11a.m. B.OnFriday12November,4p.m.C.OnSunday29October,6p.m. D.OnSaturday21January,2a.m.【答案】1.C2.C3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一則大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館的公告，介紹了博物館的歷史、特色活動(dòng)、營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)間以及門票等信息。【1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“TheMetStoreisawonderfulplacetobuygifts;youwillfindbooksbasedonpastandpresentexhibits,puzzles,jewelryandotherreproductionsproducedbythemuseum.Upstairsthereareblanketsandpostersforhomedecoratingwithstyle.(TheMetStore是買禮物的好地方；你會(huì)發(fā)覺依據(jù)博物館過去和現(xiàn)在的展覽、拼圖、珠寶和其他復(fù)制品制作的書籍。樓上有用于家庭裝飾的毯子和海報(bào))”可知，在大都會(huì)博物館的MetStore可以買到紀(jì)念品。故選C。【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Admission部分中“Adults:$25；Children(under12;accompaniedbyanadult):Free(成人25美元；12歲以下兒童：免費(fèi))”可知，一對(duì)帶著5歲孩子的年輕夫婦假如想?yún)⒂^大都會(huì)博物館，須要付25+25=50美元。故選C。【3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中“EnjoydrinksandtheRoofGarden’sspectacularskylineviews(May—October).(五月到十月享受飲料和屋頂花園壯麗的天際線景色)”以及Hours部分中“Sunday—Thursday:10a.m.—5:30p.m.；FridayandSaturday:10a.m.—9p.m.(營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)間：星期日到星期四：上午10時(shí)到下午5時(shí)30分；星期五及星期六：上午10時(shí)至晚上9時(shí))”可知，在5月28日，星期二上午11點(diǎn)你可以看到屋頂花園令人驚羨的天際線景觀。故選A。BAduckhasbeensavedbytheRoyalSocietyforthePreventionofCrueltytoAnimals(RSPCA)aftergettingstuckwithaplasticringarounditsneck.Itisbelievedthattheplasticringisthesamesortusedtopackagecansofbeertogether.AnimalCollectionOfficer(ACO)LaurenBradshawwasoneofthethreepeopletofindandrescuetheduckonthecanalnearSellarsSquareinManchesteronAugust23.Theyenteredthewatertoreachthebird.“Ourplanwastorounduptheduckandgethimtoabridgeasthewidthofthecanalissmallerthere,”Laurensaid,“Theduckmanagedtoescapefromusacoupleoftimesbuteventuallywemanagedtonetandcatchhim.ThenIfreedhimandgavehimanexamination.”Sheaddedthattheplasticwasfortunatelynottightaroundtheanimal’sneckanddidnotcauseanyinjuriesordifficultybreathing.However,plasticstuckaroundtheneckandthroatareaisahazardtomanyseaanimals,astheanimalsthinkitisfoodand,oncetrapped,areunabletoremoveit.Shesuggestedthatpeoplecutopenanyplasticringssothatiftheyaredeserted,theywillnotbeabletotrapanimalslikethis.Laurenalsoremindedpeoplethatducksmaystarvetodeathduetolitterbeingthrownawayratherthanbeingputinadustbin.Whenhungryducksswallowfloatingpiecesofplastic,theycancutthroughtheirorgansortrickthemintofeelingfull,causingthemtostopeating.TheRSPCAsaysithasreceivedmorethan21,600reportsofanimalsinjuredorcaughtinlitteroverthepastfiveyears.4.WhydidtheRSPCAstaffdrivetheducktoabridge?A.Tocatchiteasily. B.Tofreeitconveniently.C.Toaskpassers-byforhelp. D.Tomakeitgotothebanksoon.5.WhatcanweinferaboutLaurenaftersheexaminedtheduck?A.Shewasannoyedatthebird. B.Shefeltluckynottohurtit.C.Shewasguiltyaboutherdelay. D.Shebreathedasighofrelief.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hazard”inParagraph3refertoo?A.Danger. B.Criterion. C.Shock. D.Failure.7.WhatdidLaurensuggestpeopledoaboutducks’safety?A.Cutplasticringsintopieces. B.Dealwithplasticlitterproperly.C.Reduceplastic-basedfoodwrappers. D.Improvetherecyclingrateforplastics.【答案】4.A5.D6.A7.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。一只鴨子的頸項(xiàng)上被一個(gè)塑料環(huán)卡住了，英國(guó)皇家防止虐待動(dòng)物協(xié)會(huì)挽救了它。文章介紹了英國(guó)皇家防止虐待動(dòng)物協(xié)會(huì)的工作人員Lauren是如何解救這只鴨子的，以及Lauren提出該如何處理塑料垃圾以愛護(hù)動(dòng)物免受損害。【4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中““Ourplanwastorounduptheduckandgethimtoabridgeasthewidthofthecanalissmallerthere,”Laurensaid,“Theduckmanagedtoescapefromusacoupleoftimesbuteventuallywemanagedtonetandcatchhim.ThenIfreedhimandgavehimanexamination.”(Lauren：“我們的安排是圍捕這只鴨子，把它攆到一座橋上，因?yàn)槟抢锏倪\(yùn)輸河比較窄，這只鴨子幾次設(shè)法從我們手中逃脫，但最終我們?cè)O(shè)法捉住了它。然后我放了他，給他做了檢查?！?”可知，皇家防止虐待動(dòng)物協(xié)會(huì)的工作人員要把鴨子送到一座橋上是為了簡(jiǎn)潔抓住它。故選A?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中“Sheaddedthattheplasticwasfortunatelynottightaroundtheanimal’sneckanddidnotcauseanyinjuriesordifficultybreathing.(她補(bǔ)充說，幸運(yùn)的是，塑料沒有緊緊地纏在動(dòng)物的頸項(xiàng)上，也沒有造成任何損害或呼吸困難)”可推知，Lauren檢查了鴨子之后，她如釋重負(fù)地松了口氣。故選D。【6題詳解】詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)畫線詞上文“plasticstuckaroundtheneckandthroatareaisa”以及后文“astheanimalsthinkitisfoodand,oncetrapped,areunabletoremoveit”可知，卡在頸項(xiàng)和喉嚨區(qū)域的塑料對(duì)很多海洋動(dòng)物來說是一種危急，因?yàn)閯?dòng)物認(rèn)為這些塑料是食物，一旦被困，就無法將其清除。故畫線詞意思是“危急”。A.Danger.危急；B.Criterion.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；C.Shock.震驚；D.Failure.失敗。故選A。【7題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“Shesuggestedthatpeoplecutopenanyplasticringssothatiftheyaredeserted,theywillnotbeabletotrapanimalslikethis.(她建議人們切開任何塑料環(huán)，這樣假如它們被遺棄，他們就不能像這樣困住動(dòng)物了)”可知，Lauren建議人們正確處理塑料垃圾愛護(hù)鴨子的平安。故選B。CSharingtrulyiscaring,evenamongbabies.Arecentstudyfoundthatbabieswouldnotonlyofferuptheirfoodtoahungrystrangerbutwilldosoevenwhenfacinghungerthemselves.Thestudywhichincluded10019-month-olds,wasdonebytheUniversityofWashington’sInstituteforLearning&BrainSciences(I-LABS).LeadauthoronthestudyandresearcheratI-LABS,RodolfoCortesBarragan,said,“Wethinkaltruismisimportanttostudybecauseitisoneofthemostuniqueaspectsofbeinghuman.Weadultshelpeachotherwhenweseeanotherinneedandwedothisevenifthereisacosttotheself.Sowetriedouttherootsofthisinbabies.”Theresearchersmonitoredhowthebabiesbehavedwhendifferentfruits—suchasstrawberries,bananas,andgrapes—werepresentedinfrontofthem.Theyalsodividedthebabiesintotwogroups:the“Non-begging”groupandthe“Begging”group.Theexperimenterdroppedapieceoffruitandpretendedtobeunsuccessfulwhentryingtoreachforit,indicatingthattheywerebeggingforthelostfood.Morethanhalfofthebabiespickedupthefoodandgaveittotheresearcher!Thenresearchersbroughtinsomebabies,allofthethesameage,rightbeforetheirscheduledmealtimes.Again,researchersshowedthesamebehavior.“Thebabiesinthissecondexperimentlookedlonginglyatthefruit,andthentheygaveitaway!”saidAndrewMeltzoff,theCo-DirectorofI-LABS.“Wethinkthiscapturesakindofbaby-sizedversionofaltruistichelping.”Afterresearchersanalyzedthedata,theyfoundthatbabiesthatcamefromfamilieswithbrothersandsistersorspecificculturalbackgroundswerealsomorelikelytohelp.“Wethinkcertainfamilyandsocialexperiencesmakeadifference,andcontinuedresearchwouldbedesirabletomorefullyunderstandwhatmaximizestheexpressionofaltruisminyoungchildren,”Barragansaid.“Ifwecandiscoverhowtopromotealtruisminourkids,thiscouldmoveustowardsamorecaringsociety.”8.Whydidtheresearchersconducttheresearch?A.Toknowhowfoodattractsbabies. B.Toseewhetherbabieshelpeachother.C.Totesttheoriginsofaltruisminhumans. D.Tofindthemotivationofbabiestohelpothers.9.Howdidthebabiesinthesecondexperimentdifferfromthoseinthefirstone?A.Theywereofallages. B.Theyhadbrothersorsisters.C.Theywerehungrywhentested. D.Theycamefromspecialfamilies.10.Whatmayresearchersdoinfutureresearch?A.Discoverwhatkidsliketoshare. B.Findwaystomotivatekids’altruism.C.Focusonkids’aggressivebehavior. D.Learnabouthowtocreateacaringsociety.11.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Kids’altruisticBehaviorCounts B.FoodSharingHelpsPromoteFriendshipC.FamilyBackgroundsAffectBabies’Habits D.BabiesGiveFoodtoOthersEvenWhenHungry【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。最近的一項(xiàng)探討發(fā)覺，嬰兒不僅會(huì)把食物供應(yīng)應(yīng)饑餓的生疏人，甚至在自己饑餓時(shí)也會(huì)這樣做。文章主要介紹了這項(xiàng)探討開展的過程以及探討為將來找到激發(fā)孩子利他主義的方法帶來的意義?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“LeadauthoronthestudyandresearcheratI-LABS,RodolfoCortesBarragan,said,“Wethinkaltruismisimportanttostudybecauseitisoneofthemostuniqueaspectsofbeinghuman.Weadultshelpeachotherwhenweseeanotherinneedandwedothisevenifthereisacosttotheself.Sowetriedouttherootsofthisinbabies.”(該探討的第一作者、I-LABS的探討員RodolfoCortesBarragan說：“我們認(rèn)為探討利他主義很重要，因?yàn)樗侨祟愖瞠?dú)特的方面之一。當(dāng)我們成年人看到別人須要幫助的時(shí)候，我們會(huì)相互幫助，即使這樣做會(huì)讓自我付出代價(jià)。所以我們?cè)趮雰荷砩显囼?yàn)了這種現(xiàn)象的根源。”)”可知，探討人員進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)探討是為了測(cè)試人類利他主義的起源。故選C。【9題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中“Thenresearchersbroughtinsomebabies,allofthethesameage,rightbeforetheirscheduledmealtimes.Again,researchersshowedthesamebehavior.“Thebabiesinthissecondexperimentlookedlonginglyatthefruit,andthentheygaveitaway!”saidAndrewMeltzoff,theCo-DirectorofI-LABS.(然后，探討人員在他們預(yù)定的用餐時(shí)間之前，帶來了一些年齡相同的嬰兒。探討人員再次表現(xiàn)出同樣的行為。“在其次個(gè)試驗(yàn)中，嬰兒們渴望地看著這個(gè)水果，然后他們把它送給了別人!”I-LABS聯(lián)合主任AndrewMeltzoff說)”可知，其次個(gè)試驗(yàn)中的嬰兒與第一個(gè)試驗(yàn)中的嬰兒的不同在于做測(cè)試時(shí)，其次個(gè)試驗(yàn)中的嬰兒處于饑餓狀態(tài)。故選C。【10題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中““Wethinkcertainfamilyandsocialexperiencesmakeadifference,andcontinuedresearchwouldbedesirabletomorefullyunderstandwhatmaximizestheexpressionofaltruisminyoungchildren,”Barragansaid.“Ifwecandiscoverhowtopromotealtruisminourkids,thiscouldmoveustowardsamorecaringsociety.”(Barragan說：“我們認(rèn)為特定的家庭和社會(huì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響，我們希望接著進(jìn)行探討，以更充分地了解是什么使幼兒的利他主義表現(xiàn)最大化。假如我們能發(fā)覺如何促進(jìn)孩子們的利他主義，這將推動(dòng)我們走向一個(gè)更有愛心的社會(huì)。”)”可知，探討人員在將來的探討中可能找到激發(fā)孩子利他主義的方法。故選B。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段中“Sharingtrulyiscaring,evenamongbabies.Arecentstudyfoundthatbabieswouldnotonlyofferuptheirfoodtoahungrystrangerbutwilldosoevenwhenfacinghungerthemselves.(共享就是關(guān)愛，即使是在嬰兒之間。最近的一項(xiàng)探討發(fā)覺，嬰兒不僅會(huì)把食物供應(yīng)應(yīng)饑餓的生疏人，甚至在自己饑餓時(shí)也會(huì)這樣做)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了這項(xiàng)探討開展的過程以及探討為將來找到激發(fā)孩子利他主義的方法帶來的意義?？芍珼選項(xiàng)“嬰兒即使餓了也會(huì)給別人食物”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。DFordecades,climatescientistshavenamedhurricanesandrankedthemaccordingtoseverity.“Namingandcategorizingheatwavesisalsoamust,”statesanewlyformedinternationalunion,calledtheExtremeHeatResilienceAlliance.“Hurricanesgetattentionbecausetheycauseobviousphysicaldamage,”saysJenniferMarlon,aclimatescientistatYaleUniversity.Heatwaves,however,havelessevidenteffects,sincetheprimarydamageistohumanhealth.HeatwaveskillmorepeopleintheUnitedStatesthananyotherweather-relateddisaster.DatafromtheNationalWeatherServiceshowthatfrom1986to2024,therewere4,257deathsasaresultofheat.Bycomparison,therewerefewerdeathsbyfloods(2,907),tornadoes(2,203)orhurricanes(1,405)overthesameperiod.What’smore,climatechangeisincreasingthepossibilityofhightemperatureeventsworldwide,gettingtensofthousandsofpeopledyingeachyearbecauseofheat.Somepopulationsareparticularlyeasilyharmedbyhighheat,includingpeopleover65andthosewithpotentialmedicalconditions.Historicalracialdiscriminationalsoplacesminoritycommunitiesathigherrisk.Duetohousingpolicies,communitiesofcoloraremorelikelytoliveinurbanareas,heatislandswhichlackthegreenspacesthathelpcooldownneighborhoods.Partofthenamingandrankingprocesswillincludedefiningexactlywhataheatwaveis.Nosingledefinitioncurrentlyexists.Withoutauniversallyaccepteddefinitionofaheatwave,“Wedon'thaveacommonunderstandingofthedangerweface,”saysAaronBernstein,anexpertofthenewgroup.“Definedcategoriesforheatwavescouldhelplocalofficialsbetterpreparetoaddresspotentialhealthproblemsinthefaceofrisingtemperatures.Andnamingandcategorizingheatwavescouldincreasepublicawarenessofthehealthriskscausedbythesesilentkillers.”TheunionisinongoingconversationswiththeNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration,theWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationandotherinstitutionstodevelopastandardnamingandrankingpractice.12.WhatdoweknowabouttheheatwaveinAmerica?A.Itcausesmostseriousphysicaldamage.B.Ithasgotmoreattentioninrecentyears.C.Itkillsmorepeoplethanothernaturaldisasters.D.Itisthebiggestkilleramongweather-relateddisasters.13.Whyareminoritypopulationseasilyharmedbyheatwaves?A.Theyliveinpoorly-builthouses. B.Theylackgoodmedicalresources.C.Theyhavelessaccesstogreenspaces. D.Theyarerestrictedintheirmovements.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheexpertmentionedinParagraph4?A.Supportive. B.Doubtful. C.Conservative. D.Tolerant.15.Whatdoesthetextintendtotellusaboutheatwaves?A.Theyalsokillliveslikehurricanes. B.Theyshouldhavenameslikehurricanes.C.Climatechangeisaffectingthemgreatly. D.Measuresshouldbetakentopreventthem.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明白有關(guān)組織和科學(xué)家表示，高溫應(yīng)當(dāng)像颶風(fēng)一樣進(jìn)行命名。文章介紹了高溫所帶來的危害和對(duì)高溫進(jìn)行命名和分類會(huì)帶來的好處?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“HeatwaveskillmorepeopleintheUnitedStatesthananyotherweather-relateddisaster.(在美國(guó)，高溫造成的死亡人數(shù)比其他任何與天氣有關(guān)的災(zāi)難都要多)”可知，美國(guó)的高溫是與天氣有關(guān)的災(zāi)難中最大的殺手。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“Historicalracialdiscriminationalsoplacesminoritycommunitiesathigherrisk.Duetohousingpolicies,communitiesofcoloraremorelikelytoliveinurbanareas,heatislandswhichlackthegreenspacesthathelpcooldownneighborhoods.(歷史上的種族卑視也使少數(shù)族裔社區(qū)面臨更高的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。由于住房政策，有色人種社區(qū)更有可能居住在城市地區(qū)，熱島地區(qū)缺乏綠色空間，幫助社區(qū)降溫)”可知，少數(shù)民族簡(jiǎn)潔受到高溫的損害因?yàn)樗麄兒苌俳佑|綠色空間。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段“Partofthenamingandrankingprocesswillincludedefiningexactlywhataheatwaveis.Nosingledefinitioncurrentlyexists.Withoutauniversallyaccepteddefinitionofaheatwave,“Wedon'thaveacommonunderstandingofthedangerweface,”saysAaronBernstein,anexpertofthenewgroup.“Definedcategoriesforheatwavescouldhelplocalofficialsbetterpreparetoaddresspotentialhealthproblemsinthefaceofrisingtemperatures.Andnamingandcategorizingheatwavescouldincreasepublicawarenessofthehealthriskscausedbythesesilentkillers.”(命名和排名過程的一部分將包括精確定義什么是高溫。目前還沒有單一的定義。假如對(duì)熱浪沒有一個(gè)被普遍接受的定義，新小組的專家AaronBernstein說：“我們對(duì)所面臨的危急沒有一個(gè)共同的相識(shí)，高溫的定義類別可以幫助地方官員在氣溫上升時(shí)更好地打算應(yīng)對(duì)潛在的健康問題。對(duì)高溫進(jìn)行命名和分類可以提高公眾對(duì)這些無聲殺手造成的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的意識(shí)?！?”可知，作者認(rèn)為高溫應(yīng)當(dāng)進(jìn)行命名和排名，所以對(duì)第四段中提到的專家的看法是支持的。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“Fordecades,climatescientistshavenamedhurricanesandrankedthemaccordingtoseverity.“Namingandcategorizingheatwavesisalsoamust,”statesanewlyformedinternationalunion,calledtheExtremeHeatResilienceAlliance.“Hurricanesgetattentionbecausetheycauseobviousphysicaldamage,”saysJenniferMarlon,aclimatescientistatYaleUniversity.Heatwaves,however,havelessevidenteffects,sincetheprimarydamageistohumanhealth.(幾十年來，氣候科學(xué)家始終在為颶風(fēng)命名，并依據(jù)嚴(yán)峻程度對(duì)它們進(jìn)行排序。一個(gè)新成立的國(guó)際聯(lián)盟——極端高溫復(fù)原聯(lián)盟表示：“對(duì)高溫進(jìn)行命名和分類也是必需的”，耶魯高校的氣候科學(xué)家JenniferMarlon說：“颶風(fēng)引起人們的留意是因?yàn)樗鼈冊(cè)斐闪嗣黠@的物理破壞”。然而，高溫的影響并不明顯，因?yàn)橹饕膿p害是對(duì)人體健康的損害)”結(jié)合文章主要說明白有組織和科學(xué)家表示，高溫應(yīng)當(dāng)像颶風(fēng)一樣進(jìn)行命名。文章介紹了高溫所帶來的危害和對(duì)高溫進(jìn)行命名和分類會(huì)帶來的好處?？芍?，這篇文章想告知我們高溫應(yīng)當(dāng)有像颶風(fēng)一樣的名字。故選B。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Withsomanythingshappeningintheworldandsomuchworktodoinourdailylife,weneedeasywaystocalmandrelaxourselves.____16____Maybethefollowingideascanhelpyoufeelmoresettledandsupported.Comfortingsmellscansignalourbrainstorelaxandstayinthepresentmoment.It’seasytobringacomfortingsmellintoyourhomewithalovelyplantorabunchoffreshflowers.____17____Childhoodobjectscanputcomfortrightintoyourhands.Turntosimpleitemslikeablanketasoftanimaltoy,orasouvenirfromachildhoodtrip.____18____Iftheycomfortedyouinyouryoungeryears,theycancertainlydosoagain.Naturemightbethefundamentalsourceofcomfort.____19____Beinginnature’spresencecanremindyouthatyourlife,liketheoceans,mountainsandforests,canremainsteadythroughalotofchanges.Stepoutsidetoseewhatnaturalscenesarewaitingforyou,orbringtheoutdoorsinwithahouseplant,evenalittlesmallone.____20____It’slikecominghometoafamiliar,comfortingwelcomeafteralongjourney.MycomfortbookisactuallymycollectionofCathycomics.Idiscoveredtheseduringmyteenyears,andtheyneverfailtomakemesmileandbringbacksomanyhappymemories.A.Itispermanentyetever-changing.B.Thesemightbehiddensomewhereinyourroom.C.Itcanremindyouwhatyoualreadyknoworlearn.D.Youcanalsojustopenthewindowtoletfreshairin.E.Theyarenotcomfortingwhenyouareunderstressordiscouraged.F.Sometimescomfortcanbefoundwherewedon’talwaysthinktolook.G.Cozyinguptobooksyou’vereadagainandagainisagreatcomforttoyou.【答案】16.F17.D18.B19.A20.G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了了如何在變更而勞碌的生活中尋求讓自我感覺舒適的方法?！?6題詳解】上文“Withsomanythingshappeningintheworldandsomuchworktodoinourdailylife,weneedeasywaystocalmandrelaxourselves.”（世界發(fā)生著如此多的事情，在我們的日常生活中有如此多的工作要做，我們須要簡(jiǎn)潔的方法來安靜和放松自己）可知，外部環(huán)境和勞碌的生活不行避開帶來壓力，我們須要方法去調(diào)整自己；依據(jù)其次段“Comfortingsmells”（令人舒適的氣味）、第三段“Childhoodobjectscanputcomfortrightintoyourhands.”（童年時(shí)代的物品可以讓你感到舒適）、第四段“Naturemightbethefundamentalsourceofcomfort.”（大自然可能是舒適的根本源泉）及第五段“It’slikecominghometoafamiliar,comfortingwelcomeafteralongjourney.”（這就像在長(zhǎng)途旅行后回到一個(gè)熟識(shí)的，令人舒適的歡迎）可知，文章主要在講解并描述是我們感覺舒適的方法和東西，而這些都是平常生活中很常見的卻簡(jiǎn)潔被忽視的，所以F選項(xiàng)“有時(shí)，我們會(huì)在不經(jīng)意的地方找到勸慰”承接了上文我們須要放松自我，又引起了下文找尋舒適的方法，符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，每段開頭是本段的主旨句；依據(jù)本段句首“Comfortingsmellscansignalourbrainstorelaxandstayinthepresentmoment.”（舒適的氣味可以向我們的大腦發(fā)出放松和停留在當(dāng)下的信號(hào)）可知，本段主要說明的是令人舒適的氣味可以讓我們放松；所以D選項(xiàng)“你也可以打開窗戶，讓簇新空氣進(jìn)來”中的freshair屬于comfortingsmells的一種，且also承接了上文，接著說明怎么創(chuàng)建令人舒適的氣味，所以D選項(xiàng)符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文“Childhoodobjectscanputcomfortrightintoyourhands.Turntosimpleitemslikeablanket,asoftanimaltoy,orasouvenirfromachildhoodtrip.”（童年時(shí)代的物品可以讓你感到舒適?？梢郧笾谝恍┖?jiǎn)潔的東西，比如毯子，毛絨動(dòng)物玩具，或者童年旅行的紀(jì)念品）可知，童年的物品可以給我們帶來舒適的感覺；B選項(xiàng)“這些可能藏在你房間的某個(gè)地方”中的these對(duì)應(yīng)前文的ablanket,asoftanimaltoy,orasouvenir，且與后文的they對(duì)應(yīng)，所以B選項(xiàng)符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】后文“Beinginnature’spresencecanremindyouthatyourlife,liketheoceans,mountainsandforests,canremainsteadythroughalotofchanges.”（身處大自然可以提示你，你的生命，就像海洋、山脈和森林，可以在很多變更中保持穩(wěn)定）可知，大自然可以告知我們即使身處不斷變更的世界，我們的生命也可以保持相對(duì)的穩(wěn)定；A選項(xiàng)“它是永恒的，但也是不斷變更的”中的it對(duì)應(yīng)前文的nature，且permanent對(duì)應(yīng)后文的steady，ever-changing對(duì)應(yīng)后文的alotofchanges，所以A選項(xiàng)符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】分析文章段落結(jié)構(gòu)可知，每段都是總分結(jié)構(gòu)；設(shè)空處位于段首，可推斷是本段的主旨句；后文“It’slikecominghometoafamiliar,comfortingwelcomeafteralongjourney.MycomfortbookisactuallymycollectionofCathycomics.”（這就像在長(zhǎng)途旅行后回到家之后的一個(gè)熟識(shí)的、令人舒適的歡迎。我的勸慰書事實(shí)上是我收集的凱西漫畫。）可知，書也可以給我們帶來舒適的感覺，可推斷本段說明的是書的作用；G選項(xiàng)“閱讀那些你讀過一遍又一遍的書對(duì)你來說是一種極大的勸慰”中的book對(duì)應(yīng)后文的it，且符合本段主旨。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分語言學(xué)問運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Weddingsareaperfecttimetosurroundyourselfwiththepeopleyoulove.CintiaBonfantePereiraisaspeechtherapist(治療師)inCaxiasdoSul,Brazil,and____21____workswithchildrenwhohavespeechdelaysbecauseofDownsyndrome.She____22____herstudents,soonthedayshemarriedJoseVotorFlach,hefounda____23____waytoincludetheminthe____24____,butwithouttellingher!JoseledCintiaintothechurchearlierthatday____25____.Thenthebackdoorssuddenlyopened.AsJosesmiledandwaved,agroupofhisbride’s____26____beganwalkingtothem.ThelookonCintia’sfacewasabsolutelypricelessasshe____27____whatwasgoingon.Sheweptaseachchildappearedto____28____her.Youcouldseethe____29____Cintiahadforherstudentsasshegentlytouchedtheirfacesand____30____thespecialmomentwitheachofthem.Thebridesaidthebig____31____wasoneofthebestpartsofherweddingday!“Ilovethe____32____somuchtoworkwithkidsandhavingtheopportunityto____33____thechildrenonthisdayissoamazing,”she____34____.Shehasbeenworkingwiththesechildrenforalongtimetohelpthemimprovetheir____35____skills.Shehasbeen____36____eachandeveryoneofthem!She’sagreatadvocateforpeoplewithDownsyndrome.____37____,theweddingphotographershe____38____forherbigdayisJoaoVicente,who____39____hasDowns!Joseofficiallywonthe“greatestweddingsurprise”awardforthis____40____moment!WhatabeautifulwaytobringalltheimportantpeopleinCintia’slifetogether.21.A.frequently B.temporarily C.casually D.bravely22.A.adores B.needs C.studies D.understands23.A.traditional B.curious C.beautiful D.strange24.A.report B.ceremony C.speech D.statement25.A.underorder B.byluck C.invain D.onpurpose26.A.students B.friends C.colleagues D.classmates27.A.predicted B.realized C.informed D.reminded28.A.convince B.delight C.hug D.surround29.A.attitude B.love C.courage D.change30.A.created B.recorded C.chose D.shared31.A.secret B.surprise C.lesson D.promise32.A.independence B.interest C.habit D.profession33.A.accept B.notice C.have D.cure34.A.explained B.argued C.repeated D.responded35.A.walking B.driving C.language D.business36.A.caringabout B.calmingdown C.givingplaceto D.puttingupwith37.A.Eventually B.Naturally C.Normally D.Actually38.A.interviewed B.hired C.honored D.challenged39.A.even B.just C.also D.still40.A.personal B.convenient C.extra D.thoughtful【答案】21.A22.A23.C24.B25.D26.A27.B28.C29.B30.D31.B32.D33.C34.A35.C36.A37.D38.B39.C40.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。主要講解并描述了CintiaBonfantePereira是巴西西南卡夏斯的一名語言治療師，她常常幫助那些因?yàn)樘剖暇C合癥而出現(xiàn)語言遲緩的兒童，她的丈夫JoseVotorFlach在婚禮這天請(qǐng)來了Cintia的學(xué)生參與婚禮，這讓Cintia特別感動(dòng)?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：CintiaBonfantePereira是巴西西南卡夏斯的一名語言治療師，她常常幫助那些因?yàn)樘剖暇C合癥而出現(xiàn)語言遲緩的兒童。A.frequently常常，頻繁地；B.temporarily短暫地；C.casually隨意地；D.bravely英勇地。上文“CintiaBonfantePereiraisaspeechtherapistinCaxiasdoSul”提到CintiaBonfantePereira是巴西西南卡夏斯的一名語言治療師，所以她的工作是常常幫助那些因?yàn)樘剖暇C合癥而出現(xiàn)語言遲緩的兒童。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她很喜愛她的學(xué)生，所以在她和JoseVotorFlach結(jié)婚的那天，Jose找到了一個(gè)漂亮的方式讓他們參與婚禮，但沒有告知她！A.adores喜愛，崇拜；B.needs須要；C.studies學(xué)習(xí)；D.understands理解。依據(jù)后文“thechildrenonthisdayissoamazing”提到她喜愛孩子們參與她的婚禮，可知她很喜愛她的學(xué)生。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她很喜愛她的學(xué)生，所以在她和JoseVotorFlach結(jié)婚的那天，Jose找到了一個(gè)漂亮的方式讓他們參與婚禮，但沒有告知她！A.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；B.curious新奇的；C.beautiful漂亮的；D.strange驚奇的。呼應(yīng)后文中“Whatabeautifulway”指Jose找到了一個(gè)漂亮的方式讓學(xué)生們參與婚禮。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她很喜愛她的學(xué)生，所以在她和JoseVotorFlach結(jié)婚的那天，他找到了一個(gè)漂亮的方式讓他們參與婚禮，但沒有告知她！A.report報(bào)告；B.ceremony儀式；C.speech演講；D.statement陳述。結(jié)合上文“onthedayshemarriedJoseVotorFlach”可知此處指讓學(xué)生參與結(jié)婚儀式。故選B。【25題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)天早些時(shí)候，Jose有意把Cintia帶進(jìn)教堂。A.underorder奉命；B.byluck僥幸地；C.invain徒勞地；D.onpurpose有意地。上文提到Jose沒有告知Cintia讓學(xué)生參與了結(jié)婚儀式，所以他在結(jié)婚儀式前有意把Cintia帶進(jìn)教堂。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Jose微笑著揮手時(shí)，一群新娘的學(xué)生起先向他們走來。A.students學(xué)生；B.friends摯友；C.colleagues同事；D.classmates同學(xué)。依據(jù)上文“herstudents”以及后文“Sheweptaseachchildappearedto”可知走進(jìn)來的是Cintia的學(xué)生。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Cintia意識(shí)到發(fā)生了什么時(shí)，她臉上的表情肯定是無價(jià)的。A.predicted預(yù)料；B.realized意識(shí)到；C.informed通知；D.reminded提示。結(jié)合后文“whatwasgoingon”指意識(shí)到發(fā)生了什么，realize符合語境。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：每個(gè)孩子都擁抱著她，她哭了起來。A.convince勸服；B.delight興奮；C.hug擁抱；D.surround圍繞。結(jié)合常識(shí)，學(xué)生來參與婚禮，給Cintia祝愿，所以是擁抱她。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你可以看到Cintia對(duì)她的學(xué)生的愛，她溫順地摩挲著他們的臉，與他們每個(gè)人共享這個(gè)特別的時(shí)刻。A.attitude看法；B.love愛；C.courage志氣；D.change變更。依據(jù)后文“Cintiahadforherstudentsasshegentlytouchedtheirfaces”以及其次段中提到的，Cintia很愛她的學(xué)生，溫順地摩挲著他們的臉，故選B。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：你可以看到Cintia對(duì)她的學(xué)生的愛，她溫順地摩挲著他們的臉，與他們每個(gè)人共享這個(gè)特別的時(shí)刻。A.created創(chuàng)建；B.recorded記錄；C.chose選擇；D.shared共享。依據(jù)后文“thespecialmomentwitheachofthem”指和學(xué)生們共享這個(gè)特別的時(shí)刻，share符合語境。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：新娘說，這個(gè)大驚喜是她婚禮當(dāng)天最精彩的部分之一！A.secret隱私；B.surprise驚喜；C.lesson課程；D.promise承諾。依據(jù)其次段中“butwithouttellingher!”可知Jose沒有告知她有學(xué)生來參與婚禮，所以是一個(gè)大驚喜。也與后文“greatestweddingsurprise”相呼應(yīng)。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她說明說：“我特別喜愛和孩子們一起工作這個(gè)職業(yè)，在這一天有機(jī)會(huì)和孩子在一起真是太棒了?！盇.independence獨(dú)立；B.interest愛好；C.habit習(xí)慣；D.profession職業(yè)，專業(yè)。依據(jù)后文“somuchtoworkwithkids”指和孩子們一起工作的職業(yè)。故選D。【33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她說明說：“我特別喜愛和孩子們一起工作這個(gè)職業(yè)，在這一天有機(jī)會(huì)和孩子在一起真是太棒了。”A.accept接受；B.notice留意到；C.have有；D.cure治愈。結(jié)合后文“thechildrenonthisdayissoamazing”可知指有機(jī)會(huì)和孩子們一起度過這一天，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她說明說：“我特別喜愛和孩子們一起工作這個(gè)職業(yè)，在這一天有機(jī)會(huì)和孩子在一起真是太棒了?！盇.explained說明；B.argued爭(zhēng)辯；C.repeated重復(fù)；D.responded回答。上文引用的內(nèi)容是Cintia在說明為什么這個(gè)驚喜是她婚禮當(dāng)天最精彩的部分之一，explain符合語境。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她長(zhǎng)期以來始終與這些孩子一起工作，幫助他們提高語言技能。A.walking漫步；B.driving駕駛；C.language語言；D.business生意。呼應(yīng)上文“childrenwhohavespeechdelays”這些孩子有語言問題，所以是提高語言技能。故選C。【36題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：她始終關(guān)切著他們每一個(gè)人！A.caringabout關(guān)切；B.calmingdown安靜下來；C.givingplaceto讓位于；D.puttingupwith忍受。依據(jù)后文“eachandeveryoneofthem!She’sagreatadvocateforpeoplewithDownsyndrome.”可知，Cintia關(guān)切自己的學(xué)生，她是唐氏綜合癥患者的支持者。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，她為她的大日子聘請(qǐng)的攝影師是JoaoVicente，他也有唐氏綜合癥！A.Eventually最終；B.Naturally自然地；C.Normally正常地；D.Actually事實(shí)上。上文提到Cintia是唐氏綜合癥患者的支持者，而事實(shí)上（Actually）她為她的大日子聘請(qǐng)的攝影師是JoaoVicente，他也有唐氏綜合癥，故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，她為她的大日子聘請(qǐng)的攝影師是JoaoVicente，他也有唐氏綜合癥！A.interviewed采訪；B.hired雇傭；C.honored敬重；D.challenged挑戰(zhàn)。依據(jù)前后文“theweddingphotographershe…forherbigdayisJoaoVicente”可知此處指為婚禮聘請(qǐng)的攝影師。故選B。【39題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，她為她的大日子聘請(qǐng)的攝影師是JoaoVicente，他也有唐氏綜合癥！A.even甚至；B.just僅僅；C.also也；D.still仍舊。依據(jù)后文“hasDowns”可知攝影師也有唐氏