2023年考研英語真題張劍

PartICloseTest

Directions：

Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and

[D].ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEETIbyblackeningthecorrespondingletter

inthebracketswithapencil.(10points)

@Ifafarmerwishestosucceed,hemusttrytokeepawidegapbetweenhisconsumptionandhisproduction.

②Hemuststorealargequantityofgrain1consumingallhisgrainimmediately.③Hecancontinuetosupport

himselfandhisfamily2heproducesasurplus.④Hemustusethissurplusinthreeways:asseedforsowing,

asaninsurance3theunpredictableeffectsofbadweatherandasacommoditywhichhemustsellinorderto

4_oldagriculturalimplementsandobtainchemicalfertilizersto5thesoil.@Hemayalsoneedmoneyto

constructirrigation6andimprovehisfarminotherways.⑥Ifnosurplusisavailable,afarmercannotbe

7_.?Hemusteithersellsomeofhispropertyor8extrafundsintheformofloans.?Naturallyhewilltry

toborrowmoneyatalow9ofinterest,butloansofthiskindarenot10obtainable.1139words]

i.LA]otherthan⑻aswellas[C]insteadof[D]morethan

2.[A]onlyif[B]muchas[C]longbefore[D]eversince

3.[A]for[B]against[c]of[D]towards

4.EA]replace[B]purchase[C]supplement[D]dispose

5.[A]enhance[B]mix[C]feed[D]raise

6.[A]vessels[B]routes[C]paths[D]channels

7.[A]self-confident⑻self-sufficient[C]self-satisfied[D]self-restrained

8.[A]search[B]save[C]offer[D]seek

9.[A]proportion⑻percentage[C]rate[D]ratio

10.[A]genuinely[B]obviously[C]presumablyED]frequently

PartIIReadingComprehension

Passage1

?Ahistoryoflongandeffortlesssuccesscanbeadreadfulhandicap,but,ifproperlyhandled,itmaybecome

adrivingforce.(2)WhentheUnitedStatesenteredjustsuchaglowingperiodaftertheendoftheSecondWorld

War,ithadamarketeighttimeslargerthananycompetitor,givingitsindustriesunparalleledeconomiesofscale.

③Itsscientistsweretheworldsbest;itsworkersthemostskilled.④’"AmericaandAmericanswere

prosperousbeyondthedrcamsoftheEuropeansandAsianswhoseeconomicsthewarhaddestroyed.

①Ilwasinevitablethatthisprimacyshouldhavenarrowedasothercountriesgrewricher.②Justas

inevitably,theretreatfrompredominanceprovedpainful.(3)Bythemid_1980sAmericanshadfoundthemselves

atalossovertheirfadingindustrialcompetitiveness.④SomehugeAmericanindustries,suchasconsumer

electronics,hadshrunkorvanishedinthefaceofforeigncompetition.@By1987therewasonlyoneAmerican

televisionmakerleft,Zenith.⑥(Nowthereisnone:ZenithwasboughtbySouthKorea*sLGElectronicsinJuly.)

⑦1Foreign-madecarsandtextilesweresweepingintothedomesticmarket.America，smachine-tool

industrywasontheropes.⑧Forawhileitlookedasthoughthemakingofsemiconductors,whichAmericahad

inventedandwhichsatattheheartofthenewcomputerage,wasgoingtobethenextcasualty.

①Allofthiscausedacrisisofconfidence.?Americansstoppedtakingprosperityforgranted.③They

begantobelievethattheirwayofdoingbusinesswasfailing,andthattheirincomeswouldthereforeshortlybegin

tofallaswell.@Themid-1980sbroughtoneinquiryafteranotherintothecausesofAmerica'sindustrial

decline.⑤Theirsometimessensationalfindingswerefilledwithwarningsaboutthegrowingcompetitionfrom

overseas.

?Howthingshavechanged!②In1995theUnitedStatescanlookbackonfiveyearsofsolidgrowthwhile

Japanhasbeenstruggling.③FewAmericansattribute〔hissolelylosuchobviouscausesasadevalueddollaror

theturningofthebusinesscycle.④Self-doubthasyieldedtoblindpride.⑤wAmericanindustryhaschangedits

structure,hasgoneonadiet,haslearnttobemorequick-witted,vaccordingtoRichardCavanaugh,executive

deanofHarvard*sKennedySchoolofGovernment.⑥“ItmakesmeproudtobeanAmericanjusttoseehow

ourbusinessesareimprovingtheirproductivity,vsaysStephenMooreoftheCatoInstitute,athink-tankin

Washington,DC.⑦AndWilliamSahlmanoftheHarvardBusinessSchoolbelievesthatpeoplewilllookbackon

thisperiodas“agoldenageofbusinessmanagementintheUnitedStates.v[429words]

11.TheU.S.achieveditspredominanceafterWorldWarIIbecause.

[A]ithadmadepainstakingeffortstowardsthisgoal

[B]itsdomesticmarketwaseighttimeslargerthanbefore

[C]thewarhaddestroyedtheeconomiesofmostpotentialcompetitors

[D]theunparalleledsizeofitsworkforcehadgivenanimpetustoitseconomy

12.ThelossofU.S.predominanceintheworldeconomyinthe1980sismanifestedinthefactthatthe

American.

[A]TVindustryhadwithdrawntoitsdomesticmarket

[B]semiconductorindustryhadbeentakenoverbyforeignenterprises

[C]machine-toolindustryhadcollapsedaftersuicidalactions

[D]autoindustryhadlostpartofitsdomesticmarket

13.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

[A]Itishumannaturetoshiftbetweenself-doubtandblindpride.

[B]Intensecompetitionmaycontributetoeconomicprogress.

[C]Therevivaloftheeconomydependsoninternationalcooperation.

[D]Alonghistoryofsuccessmaypavethewayforfurtherdevelopment.

14.TheauthorseemstobelievetherevivaloftheU.S.economyinthe1990scanbeattributedtothe.

[A]turningofthebusinesscycle[B]restructuringofindustry

[C]improvedbusinessmanagement[D]successineducation

Passage2

①Beingamanhasalwaysbeendangerous.②Thereareabout105malesbomforevery100females,but

thisratiodropsnearbalanceatiheageofmalurily.andamong70-year~olds〔herearetwiceasmanywomenas

men.③Butthegreatuniversalofmalemortalityisbeingchanged.?Now,boybabiessurvivealmostaswellas

girlsdo.⑤Thismeansthat,forthefirsttime,therewillbeanexcessofboysinthosecrucialyearswhentheyare

searchingforamate.⑥Moreimportant,anotherchancefornaturalselectionhasbeenremoved.?Fiftyyears

ago,thechanceofababy(particularlyaboybaby)survivingdependedonitsweight.Akilogramtoolightor

tooheavymeantalmostcertaindeath.⑧Todayitmakesalmostnodifference.Sincemuchofthevariationisdue

togenes,onemoreagentofevolutionhasgone.

①Thereisanotherwaytocommitevolutionarysuicide:stayalive,buthavefewerchildren.②Fewpeople

areasfertileasinthepast.?Exceptinsomereligiouscommunities,veryfewwomenhave15children.④

Nowadaysthenumberofbirths,liketheageofdeath,hasbecomeaverage.?Mostofushaveroughlythesame

numberofoffspring.⑥Again,differencesbelweenpeopleandiheopDortimilyfornaluralseleclionlolake

advantageofithavediminished.⑦Indiashowswhatishappening.Thecountryofferswealthforafewinthe

greatcitiesandpovertyfortheremainingtribalpeoples.@Thegrandmediocrityoftoday-everyonebeingthe

sameinsurvivalandnumberofoffspring——meansthatnaturalselectionhaslost80%ofitspowerin

upper-middle-classIndiacomparedtothetribes.

Forus,thismeansthatevolutionisover;thebiologicalUtopiahasarrived.?Strangely,ithasinvolvedlittle

physicalchange.(3)Nootherspeciesfillssomanyplacesinnature.④Butinthepast100,00()years一eventhe

past100years-ourliveshavebeentransformedbutourbodieshavenot.⑤''Wedidnotevolve,because

machinesandsocielydidilforus.?Darwinhadaphrasetodescribethoseignorantofevolution:theyulookat

anorganicbeingasasavagelooksataship,asatsomethingwhollybeyondhiscomprehension.?Nodoubtwe

willremembera20thcenturywayoflifebeyondcomprehensionforitsugliness.Buthoweveramazedour

descendantsmaybeathowfarfromUtopiawewere,theywilllookjustlikeus.[406words]

15.Whatusedtobethedangerinbeingamanaccordingtothefirstparagraph?

[A]Alackofmates.[B]Afiercecompetition.

[C]Alowersurvivalrate.[D]Adefectivegene.

16.WhatdoestheexampleofIndiaillustrate?

[A]Wealthypeopletendtohavefewerchildrenthanpoorpeople.

[B]Naturalselectionhardlyworksamongtherichandthepoor.

[C]Themiddleclasspopulationis80%smallerthanthatofthetribes.

[D]Indiaisoneofthecountrieswithaveryhighbirthrate.

17.Theauthorarguesthatourbodieshavestoppedevolvingbecause.

[A]lifehasbeenimprovedbytechnologicaladvance

[B]thenumberoffemalebabieshasbeendeclining

[C]ourspecieshasreachedthehigheststageofevolution

[D]thedifferencebetweenwealthandpovertyisdisappearing

18.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

[A]SexRatioChangesinHumanEvolution.

[B]WaysofContinuingMan'sEvolution.

[C]TheEvolutionaryFutureofNature.

[D]HumanEvolutionGoingNowhere.

Passage3

①Q(mào)。Whenanewmovementinartattainsacertainfashion,itisadvisabletofindoutwhatitsadvocatesare

aimingat,fbr,howeverfarfetchedandunreasonabletheirprinciplesmayseemtoday,itispossiblethatinyearsto

cometheymayberegardedasnomial.②WithregardtoFuturistpoetry,however,thecaseisratherdifficult,for

whateverFuturistpoetrymaybe——evenadmittingthatthetheoryonwhichitisbasedmayberight——itcanhardly

beclassedasLiterature.

①This,inbrief,iswhattheFuturistsays:foracentury,pastconditionsoflifehavebeenconditionally

speedingup,tillnowweliveinaworldofnoiseandviolenceandspeed.?Consequently,ourfeelings,thoughts

andemotionshaveundergoneacorrespondingchange.③,Thisspeedingupoflife,saystheFulurisLrequiresa

newformofexpression.④Wcmustspeedupourliteraturetoo,ifwewanttointerpretmodernstress.⑤Wcmust

pouroutalargestreamofessentialwords,unhamperedbystops,orqualifyingadjectives,orfiniteverbs.(6)

Insteadofdescribingsoundswemustmakeupwordsthatimitatethem;wemustusemanysizesoftypeand

differentcoloredinksonthesamepage,andshortenorlengthenwordsatwill.

?Certainlytheirdescriptionsofbattlesareconfused.②Butitisalittleupsettingtoreadintheexplanatory

notesthatacertainlinedescribesafightbetweenaTurkishandaBulgarianofficeronabridgeoffwhichtheyboth

fallintotheriver——andthentofindthatthelineconsistsofthenoiseoftheirfallingandtheweightsofthe

officers:"Pluff!Pluff!Ahundredandeighty-fivekilograms.v

①This,thoughitfulfillsthelawsandrequirementsofFuturistpoetrycanhardlybeclassedasLiterature.

②Allthesame,nothinkingmancanrefusetoaccepttheirfirstproposition:thatagreatchangeinouremotional

lifecallsforachangeofexpression.③Thewholequestionisreallythis:haveweessentiallychanged?[334

words]

19.Thispassageismainly.

[A]asurveyofnewapproachestoart

[B]areviewofFuturistpoetry

[C]aboutmeritsoftheFuturistmovement

[D]aboutlawsandrequirementsofliterature

20.Whenanovelliteraryideaappears,peopleshouldtryto.

[A]determineitspurposes[B]ignoreitsflaws

[C]followthenewfashions[D]accepttheprinciples

21.Futuristsclaimthatwemust.

[A]increasetheproductionofliterature

[B]usepoetrytorelievemodernstress

[C]developnewmodesofexpression

[D]avoidusingadjectivesandverbs

22.TheauthorbelievesthatFuturistpoetryis.

[A]basedonreasonableprinciples

[B]newandacceptabletoordinarypeople

[C]indicativeofabasicchangeinhumannature

[D]moreofatransientphenomenonthanliterature

Passage4

①'"Aimlessnesshashardlybeenlypicalof〔heposlwarJapanwhoseproductivityandsocialharmonyareihe

envyoftheUnitedStatesandEurope.②ButincreasinglytheJapanesearcseeingadeclineofthetraditional

work-moralvalues.③Tenyearsagoyoungpeoplewerehardworkingandsawtheirjobsastheirprimaryreason

fbrbeing,butnowJapanhaslargelyfulfilleditseconomicneeds,andyoungpeopledon'tknowwherethey

shouldgonext.

?Thecomingofageofthepostwarbabyboomandanentryofwomenintothemale-dominatedjobmarket

havelimitedtheopportunitiesofteen-agerswhoarealreadyquestioningtheheavypersonalsacrificesinvolvedin

climbingJapan'srigidsocialladdertogoodschoolsandjobs.②Inarecentsurvey,itwasfoundthatonly24.5

percentofJapanesestudentswerefullysatisfiedwithschoollife,comparedwith67.2percentofstudentsinthe

UnitedStates.③Inaddition,farmoreJapaneseworkersexpresseddissatisfactionwiththeirjobsthandidtheir

counterpartsinthe10othercountriessurveyed.

?Whileoftenpraisedbyforeignersforitsemphasisonthebasics.Japaneseeducationtendstostresstest

takingandmechanicallearningovercreativityandself-expression.②""Thosethingsihaldonolshow叩inihe

testscores—personality,ability,courageorhumanity——arccompletelyignored,“saysToshikiKaifu.chairmanof

therulingLiberalDemocraticParty'seducationcommittee.(3)uFrustrationagainstthiskindofthingleadskids

todropoutandrunwild.”?LastyearJapanexperienced2,125incidentsofschoolviolence,including929

assaultsonteachers.⑤Amidtheoutcry,manyconservativeleadersareseekingareturntotheprewaremphasison

moraleducation.⑥LastyearMitsuoSetoyama,whowastheneducationminister,raisedeyebrowswhenhe

arguedthatliberalreformsintroducedbytheAmericanoccupationauthoritiesafterWorldWarIIhadweakenedthe

“Japanesemoralityofrespectfbrparents/*

①BuiihatmayhavemoretodowithJopaneselife-styles.②"InJapan,wsayseducatorYokoMuro,

"it'sneveraquestionofwhetheryouenjoyyourjobandyourlife,butonlyhowmuchyoucanendure.”③

Witheconomicgrowthhascomecentralization;fully76percentofJapan's119millioncitizensliveincities

wherecommunityandtheextendedfamilyhavebeenabandonedinfavorofisolated,two-generationhouseholds.

④UrbanJapanesehavelongenduredlengthycommutes(travelstoandfromwork)andcrowdedlivingconditions,

butastheoldgroupandfamilyvaluesweaken,thediscomfortisbeginningtotell.⑤Inthepastdecade,the

Japanesedivorcerate,whilestillwellbelowthatoftheUnitedStates,hasincreasedbymorethan50percent,and

suicideshaveincreasedbynearlyone-quarter.1447words]

23.IntheWesternersJeyes,thepostwarJapanwas.

[A]underaimlessdevelopment[B]apositiveexample

[C]arivaltotheWest[D]onthedecline

24.Accordingtotheauthor,whatmaychieflyberesponsibleforthemoraldeclineofJapanesesociety?

[A]Women'sparticipationinsocialactivitiesislimited.

[B]Moreworkersaredissatisfiedwiththeirjobs.

[C]Excessiveemphasishasbeenplacedonthebasics.

[D]Thelife-stylehasbeeninfluencedbyWesternvalues.

25.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtotheauthor?

[A]Japaneseeducationispraisedforhelpingtheyoungclimbthesocialladder.

[B]Japaneseeducationischaracterizedbymechanicallearningaswellascreativity.

[C]Morestressshouldbeplacedonthecultivationofcreativity.

[D]Droppingoutleadstofrustrationagainsttesttaking.

26.ThechangeinJapaneselife-styleisrevealedinthefactthat.

[A]theyoungarelesstolerantofdiscomfortsinlife

[B]thedivorcerateinJapanexceedsthatintheU.S.

[C]theJapaneseenduremorethaneverbefore

[D]theJapaneseappreciatetheirpresentlife

Passage5

①'Ifambitionis2bewellregarded、therewardsofambition—wealth、distinction,controloverone's

destiny-muslbedeemedworthyofIhesacrificesmadeonambilion'sbehalf.②Ifthetraditionofambitionisto

havevitality,itmustbewidelyshared;anditespeciallymustbehighlyregardedbypeoplewhoarethemselves

admired,theeducatednotleastamongthem.③'Inanoddway,however,itistheeducatedwhohaveclaimedlo

havegivenuponambitionasanideal.④Whatisoddisthattheyhaveperhapsmostbenefitedfromambition——if

notalwaystheirown〔henIhalofiheirparenlsandgrandDarents.⑤Thereisaheavynoteofhypocrisyinthis,a

caseofclosingthebamdoorafterthehorseshaveescaped—withtheeducatedthemselvesridingonthem.

?Certainlypeopledonotseemlessinterestedinsuccessanditssignsnowthanformerly.②Summerhomes,

Europeantravel,BMWs一thelocations,placenamesandnamebrandsmaychange,butsuchitemsdonotseem

lessindemandtodaythanadecadeortwoyearsago.③⑵WhaihashaupenedisthatDeowlecannotconfessfullylo

theirdreams,aseasilyandopenlyasoncetheycould,lesttheybethoughtpushing、acquisitiveandvulgar.④

Instead,wearetreatedtofinehypocriticalspectacles,whichnowmorethaneverseeminamplesupply:thecritic

ofAmericanmaterialismwithaSouthamptonsummerhome;thepublisherofradicalbookswhotakeshismealsin

three-starrestaurants;thejournalistadvocatingparticipatorydemocracyinallphasesoflife,whoseownchildren

areenrolledinprivateschools.⑤Forsuchpeopleandmanymoreperhapsnotsoexceptional,theproper

formulationis,uSucceedatallcostsbutavoidappearingambitious.v

①Theattacksonambitionaremanyandcomefromvariousangles;itspublicdefendersarcfewand

unimpressive,wheretheyarenotextremelyunattractive.②Asaresult,thesupportforambitionasahealthy

impulse,aqualitytobeadmiredandfixedinthemindoftheyoung,isprobablylowerthanithaseverbeeninthe

UnitedStates.③Thisdoesnotmeanthatambitionisatanend,thatpeoplenolongerfeelitsstirringsand

promptings,butonlythat,nolongeropenlyhonored,itislessopenlyprofessed.?Consequencesfollowfromthis,

ofcourse,someofwhicharethatambitionisdrivenunderground,ormadesly.⑤Such,then,isthewaythings

stand:ontheleftangrycritics,ontherightstupidsupporters,andinthemiddle,asusual,themajorityofearnest

peopletryingtogetoninlife.[431words]

27.Itisgenerallybelievedthatambitionmaybewellregardedif.

[A]itsreturnswellcompensateforthesacrifices

[B]itisrewardedwithmoney,fameandpower

[C]itsgoalsarespiritualratherthanmaterial

[D]itissharedbytherichandthefamous

28.Thelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphmostprobablyimpliesthatitis.

[A]customaiyoftheeducatedtodiscardambitioninwords

[B]toolatetocheckambitiononceithasbeenletout

[C]dishonesttodenyambitionafterthefulfillmentofthegoal

[D]impracticalfortheeducatedtoenjoybenefitsfromambition

29.Somepeopledonotopenlyadmittheyhaveambitionbecause.

[A]theythinkofitasimmoral

[B]theirpursuitsarenotfameorwealth

[C]ambitionisnotcloselyrelatedtomaterialbenefits

[D]theydonotwanttoappeargreedyandcontemptible

30.Fromthelastparagraphtheconclusioncanbedrawnthatambitionshouldbemaintained.

[A]secretlyandvigorously[B]openlyandenthusiastically

[C]easilyandmomentarily[D]verballyandspiritually

PartHlEnglish-ChineseTranslation

Directions:

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.Your

translationmustbewrittenneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.(15points)

Governmentsthroughouttheworldactontheassumptionthatthewelfareoftheirpeopledependslargelyon

theeconomicstrengthandwealthofthecommunity.31)Undermodernconditions,thisrequiresvaryingmeasures

ofcentralizedcontrolandhencethehelpofspecializedscientistssuchaseconomistsandoperationalresearch

experts.32)Furthermore,itisobviousthatthestrengthofacountry'seconomyisdirectlyboundupwiththe

efficiencyofitsagricultureandindustry,andthatthisinturnrestsupontheeffortsofscientistsandtechnologists

ofallkinds.Italsomeansthatgovernmentsarcincreasinglycompelledtointerfereinthesesectorsinordertostep

upproductionandensurethatitisutilizedtothebestadvantage.Forexample,theymayencourageresearchin

variousways,includingthesettingupoftheirownresearchcenters;theymayalterthestructureofeducation,or

interfereinordertoreducethewastageofnaturalresourcesortapresourceshithertounexploited;ortheymay

cooperatedirectlyinthegrowingnumberofinternationalprojectsrelatedtoscience,economicsandindustry.In

anycase,allsuchinterventionsareheavilydependentonscientificadviceandalsoscientificandtechnological

manpowerofallkinds.

33)Owinglotheremarkabledevelopmentinmass-communicaiions,peopleeverywherearefeelingnew

wantsandarebeingexposedtonewcustomsandideas,whilegovernmentsareoftenforcedtointroducestill

furtherinnovationsforihereasonsgivenabove.Atthesametime,thenormalrateofsocialchangethroughoutthe

worldistakingplaceatavastlyacceleratedspeedcomparedwiththepast.Forexample,34)intheearly

industrializedcountriesofEuropetheprocessofindustrialization—withallthefar-rcachingchangesinsocial

patternsthatfollowed-wasspreadovernearlyacentury,whereasnowadaysadevelopingnationmayundergoihe

sameprocessinadecadeorso.Allthishastheeffectofbuildingupunusualpressuresandtensionswithinthe

communityandconsequentlypresentsseriousproblemsfbrthegovernmentsconcerned.35)Additionalsocial

stressesmayalsooccurbecausetheDopulationexplosionorproblemsarisingfrommassmigralionmovemenls

一themselvesmaderelativelyeasynowadaysbymodemmeansofiransDort.Asaresultofallthesefactors,

governmentsarebecomingincreasinglydependentonbiologistsandsocialscientistsforplanningtheappropriate

programsandputtingthemintoeffect.0390words]

SectionIVWriting(15points)

36.Directions:

A.Studythefollowingtwopicturescarefullyandwriteanessayofatleast150words.

B.YouressaymustbewrittenneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.

C.Youressayshouldmeettherequirementsbelow:

1)Describethepictures.

2)Deducethepurposeofthepainterofthepictures.

3)Suggestcounter-measures.

ABriefHistoryofWorldCommercialPishing

PartICloseTest

一、文章總體分析

本文是一篇短小的論證性文章，其主題是強調(diào)農(nóng)民儲存余糧的必要性。

文章①句提出論點：農(nóng)民想成功，就必須努力保持消費和生產(chǎn)之間有較大的差距。②句對①句進行詳

細的解釋：即他必須存儲大量的糧食。③④⑤從正面論述儲存余糧的必要性：③句總說能夠養(yǎng)家糊口；④

⑤句詳細說能夠留作播種、應(yīng)對惡劣天氣影響及作為商品賣掉以滿足農(nóng)業(yè)再生產(chǎn)等需要。⑥⑦⑧句論述沒

有余糧的危害:不能自給自足，從背面論證儲存余糧的必要性。

二、試題詳細解析

l.\[A\]olherthan不同于，除了...[B]aswellas也，又（表達附加）

[C]insteadof而不是...（表選擇）[D]morethanVG...更多（表比較）

本題考核的知識點是：邏輯關(guān)系。正確率：72%

[迅速解題]文章首句的含義是：一種農(nóng)民要想成功，就必須努力保持其消費和生產(chǎn)之間較大的差距。

接著文章提到了兩種恰好相反的做法，一種是storealargequantityofgrain（存儲大量的糧食），另一種是

consumingallhisgrainimmediately（立即把他全部的糧食都消費完）。顯然前一種做法是農(nóng)民能夠成功的做

法，所以空格處需要一種詞語來否定背面部分，而且其后能跟目前分詞。選項中，只有介詞短語insteadof

符合要求，意為“他必須存儲大量的糧食而不是立即把全部的糧食都消耗完二

[篇章分析]①句為文章主旨句，關(guān)鍵內(nèi)容是“保持消費和生產(chǎn)之間的差距”。②句承接①句，詳細論

述怎樣保持這個差距：儲存大量的糧食。

[空格設(shè)置]insteadof是連接性介詞，體現(xiàn)上下文語義上的邏輯關(guān)系。insieadof表選擇關(guān)系，意為

“替代，作為……的替代，而不是…”，在兩種做法中肯定前者，否定后者。如：Iwillstayathomeinsteadof

goingout.我將待在家里,不出門。其他連接性介詞還涉及becauseof（因為），despite（盡管）,besides（除

了）等。

[干擾項設(shè)置]其他項的短語都可用于連接前后并列的兩部分。otherthan常用于否定句中，實際上

是對背面部分的肯定，如：Idon'tknowanyFrenchpeopleotherthanyou.除了你，我不認(rèn)辨認(rèn)的法國人。

其他例句：Theeditorsaswellastheproofreadersareworkingovertime.編輯和校對者都在加班工作。Ilikeher

morethanherhusband.我比較喜歡她，不太喜歡她丈夫。

2.[A]onlyif只要，只有（表條件）[B]muchas盡管，雖然（表讓步）

[C]longbefore早在…此前（表時間）[D]eversince自從（表時間）

本題考核的知識點是：邏輯關(guān)系。正確率：62%

[迅速解題]考生需判斷空格前后部分之間的邏輯關(guān)系。顯然，heproducesasurplus是hecancontinue

tosupporthimselfandhisfamily的前提條件。備選項中只有onlyif引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，代入句中，意為“只

有生產(chǎn)有剩余，農(nóng)民才干繼續(xù)養(yǎng)活自己及家人”。這兩個分句繼續(xù)強調(diào)儲存糧食的必要性，符合上下文意。

[篇章分析]②句提到農(nóng)民必須要儲存糧食，③句進一步解釋這么做的目的：養(yǎng)活自己及家人。②

句的storealargequantityofgrain和③句的producesasurplus是近義復(fù)現(xiàn)，實現(xiàn)了句子之間的語義銜接。

[空格設(shè)置]only建體現(xiàn)了主從句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，而且onlyif是if的強調(diào)形式，在文中用于強調(diào)

存儲糧食的必要性。onlyif用于句首時，主句?般要倒裝，如：Onlyiftheredlightcomesonisthereanything

wrongwiththemachine.只要紅燈一亮，就表達機器出毛病了。②句中的考點還涉及：一，熟詞僻義。句中

support意為toprovideeverythingnecessary,esp.money,sothatsb/sthcanliveorexist”養(yǎng)活，贍養(yǎng)，維持”，

如：Markhastosupporttwochildrenfromhisfirstmarriage.馬克得供養(yǎng)他第一次婚姻生的兩個孩子。Heturned

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