專題02（講案）必修一Unit2SportsandGames詞匯語法寫作過關教師版

2025年新高考英語一輪總復習筑基培優(yōu)方案（北師大版2019）專題02必修一Unit2SportsandGames詞匯語法寫作過關（講案）教師版講案目錄一、重點詞匯過關P21.preferP22.desireP23.crowdP34.remindP35.prohibitP46.occupyP47.relieveP58.particularP59.benefitP610.capableP611.preventP712.detailP713.satisfactionP814.amazedP915.responseP916.trackP1017.netP1018.tipP10二、重點語法過關（定語從句十大考點和不定代詞）P13三、同步寫作過關（如何寫敘事類記敘文）P20一、重點詞匯過關1．prefervt.更喜歡(1)prefertodo/doingsth更喜歡做某事prefersbtodosth寧愿某人做某事prefer(doing)sthto(doing)sth＝prefertodosthratherthandosth寧愿(做)某事……也不愿(做)某事(2)preferencen.偏愛；愛好haveapreferencefor喜好……，偏愛……【佳句】WhilesomepreferinheritingtraditionalChineseculture,othersaretransformingittobemoreaccessibletotheyounggeneration.雖然一些人更喜歡繼承中國傳統(tǒng)文化，但其他人正在改造它，使之更容易為年輕一代所接受。(應用文寫作之傳統(tǒng)文化)【點津】prefer既不用于進行時態(tài)，也不用于比較級。其過去式和過去分詞形式均為：preferred。練透——單句語法填空①Theelderlypeoplehavetheirownlifetomanage,andprefertospend/spending(spend)theirtimesquaredancingandtravelingabroadoraroundthecountry.②Ingeneral,theoldpreferclassicalmusicandPekingoperatopopmusic.③NowadaysmanychildrenprefersurfingtheInternetathometotaking(take)exerciseoutdoors.④(2021·天津卷)Kidswithpreference(prefer)fortheartshaveagreaterchanceoffindingemploymentinthefuture.寫美——一句多譯我寧愿租一套這樣的房子也不愿意買一個。⑤Ipreferrentingsuchanapartmenttobuyingone.⑥Iprefertorentsuchanapartmentratherthanbuyone.【中國元素】ThereportshowstravelersareshowinganincreasingpreferenceforRedtourism.該報告顯示，游客越來越偏好紅色旅游。2．desiren．渴望(1)haveadesiretodosth渴望做某事haveadesireforsth渴望得到某物(2)desirev.渴望desiresth渴望某事/物desire(sb)todosth渴望(某人)做某事desirethat...渴望……(從句謂語要用虛擬語氣，即“should＋動詞原形”，should可以省略。eq\o(）,\s\do4(,))【佳句】KnowingthataChinesepaintingexhibitionwillbeheld,I'mwritingtoexpressmydesiretobeavolunteer.得知將舉辦一場國畫展，我寫信表達我想成為一名志愿者的愿望。(應用文之申請信)練透——單句語法填空①Shehasastrongdesireforknowledgeandwantstogotocollegeverymuch.②Hedesiredtojoin(join)thearmyanddevotedhimselftothecountry.③Theboy'smotherdesireshimtosolve(solve)thisproblembyhimself.④Itisdesiredthatalltheexercises(should)behanded(hand)inbeforeschoolwasover.寫美——句型轉換⑤MyfamilyandteachersdesirethatIgoabroadforfurthereducation.→Myfamilyandteachersdesiremetogoabroadforfurthereducation.3．crowdn．人群(1)acrowdof一群；一伙；一堆crowdsof成群的……；許多……(2)crowdv.涌上(心上)；涌入(腦海)crowdinto涌入crowdinonsb(指想法等)大量涌現(xiàn)(3)crowdedadj.擁擠的becrowdedwith...擠滿了…eq\o(…,\s\do4(,))【佳句】AsIlookedatthehugecrowdclappingforme,IcouldnotbelievethatIwastheheadgirloftheschool.當我看著為我鼓掌的人群時，我不敢相信我是學校的女生代表?！军c津】crowd還可用作動詞，意為“擠滿；使擁擠”。練透——單句語法填空①Whereverthefilmstargoes,therearecrowds(crowd)ofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.②Asindustrydeveloped,moreandmorepeoplecrowdedintocitiesfromthecountryside.③Thebuswassocrowded(crowd)thatIhadtostandallthewaytoschool.④Duringholidaysandweekends,hotelsarefullybookedandthenarrowstreetsarecrowdedwithtourists.寫美——讀后續(xù)寫之回憶往事⑤每當我看到這些照片，許多美好的回憶就涌上心頭。WheneverIseethepictures,manyhappymemoriescrowdinonme.4.remindvt.使(某人)想起，提醒(1)remindsb(not)todosth提醒某人(不)做某事remindsbofsth使某人想起……(2)remindern.引起回憶的事物，提醒人的事物，通知eq\o(單,\s\do4(,))【佳句】ThegiftremindedmeofaconversationI'doverheardatadepartmentstore.這件禮物讓我想起了在百貨公司無意中聽到的一段對話?！军c津】和“remindsbofsth”結構相似的還有：accusesbofsth“控告某人某事”；warnsbofsth“警告某人某事”；convincesbofsth“使某人相信某事”。練透——單句語法填空①You'dbetterremindyourgrandfathertotake(take)hismedicine,incaseheforgets.②Ifyouhadn'tremindedmeofthehomework,Iwouldcertainlyhaveforgottenit.③Theexhibitionisareminder(remind)forusnottoforgetthepast.寫美——句式升級④Althoughtheyareremindednottodriveafterdrinking,somedriversarestilltryingtheirluck,whichisreallydangerous.→Remindednottodriveafterdrinking,somedriversarestilltryingtheirluck,whichisreallydangerous.(動詞-ed形式短語作狀語)5．prohibitvt.禁止(1)prohibitsbfromdoingsth禁止某人做某事(2)prohibitionn.(尤指通過法律的)禁止，阻止；禁令，禁律eq\o(,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Neverdowhatisprohibitedbylaw.永遠不要做法律禁止的事情。練透——單句語法填空①Diggingandotherworksalongthelinearecarriedoutduringthedayonly,andconstructionisprohibited(prohibit)atnightsoasnottodisturbanimals.②Thelocalgovernmentprohibitsboatsfromenteringthisareainordertokeepthedolphinssafe.③Theprohibition(prohibit)againstdrunkendrivinghassavedmillionsoflivesinthepasttenyears.寫美——完成句子④從上午8點到下午6點，機動車輛禁止在市中心行駛。Motorvehiclesareprohibitedfromdrivinginthetowncentrefrom8amto6pm.6．occupyvt.占用，占去(時間)(1)occupyoneselfindoingsth/withsth忙著做某事/忙于某事(2)occupiedadj.被占領的；忙于；有人使用(或居住)的beoccupied(in)doingsth/withsth忙著做某事/忙于某事(3)occupationn.侵占，占領；(土地、房屋、建筑等的)使用，居?。还ぷ?，職eq\o(業(yè),\s\do4(,))【佳句】Howmuchmemorydoestheprogramoccupy?這個程序占用多少內存？【點津】表示“忙于做某事”的短語還有：①beengagedindoingsth②bebusy(in)doingsth/withsth③beburiedindoingsth練透——單句語法填空①ThankstotheCPC’sleadership,Chinahasbeetheworld'ssecond-largesteconomy,occupying(occupy)animportantpositionontheglobalstage.②Occupied(occupy)inlookingafterherchildren,shecan'tspareanytimetohaveaholiday.③Hewouldhaveattendedyourbirthdaypartybuthehadoccupiedhimselfwithaveryimportantexperiment.④Choosinganoccupation(occupy)takestime,andtherearealotofthingsyouhavetothinkabout.寫美——句式升級⑤Sheisoccupiedinlookingafterthreechildrenathome,soshenolongerhastimetoenjoythevariousactivitiesintheclub.→Occupyingherselfinlookingafterthreechildrenathome,shenolongerhastimetoenjoythevariousactivitiesintheclub.(動詞-ing形式短語作狀語)→Occupiedinlookingafterthreechildrenathome,shenolongerhastimetoenjoythevariousactivitiesintheclub.(動詞-ed形式短語作狀語)7．relievevt.減輕，緩解(1)relievesbofsth解除某人的(負擔﹑責任、職務等)(2)reliefn.減輕，緩解toone'srelief＝tothereliefofsb令某人感到欣慰的是(3)relievedadj.到寬慰的，放心的，開心的berelievedtodosth做某事感到很寬慰/放心/開eq\o(心,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Thenewsecretarywillrelieveusofsomeofthepaperwork.新來的秘書將會減輕我們文書工作的一些負擔。練透——單句語法填空①Domesticrobotsareofgreathelptohousewivesbecausetheycanrelievethemofhouseholdchores.②Muchtothemother'srelief(relieve),hersonwaseventuallyadmittedtoakeyuniversity.③Allherfamilymembersandrelativeswererelieved(relieve)tohearthatshewasoutofdanger.寫美——完成句子④你的話減輕了我所有的憂慮。Whatyousaidrelievedmeofallmyworries.8．particularn．尤其，特別；adj.特定的(1)inparticular尤其，特別beparticularabout對……過于講究/挑剔(2)particularlyadv.特別，尤eq\o(其,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Wemaybeabletodesignacoursetosuityourparticularneeds.我們也許能策劃一個課程來滿足你的特定需求。練透——單句語法填空①Itwasagoodconcert—Ienjoyedthelastsonginparticular.②Therestaurantispopularwiththelocalpeople,particularly(particular)amongyoungpeople.③Don'tbetooparticularaboutwhatyoueatandwear;paymoreattentiontoyourstudyandwork.寫美——完成句子④只有講究飲食，我們才能預防自己生病。Onlywhenweareparticularabout/overfoodcanwepreventourselvesfromfallingill.9．benefitn．好處，益處(1)benefitv.使受益benefitsb/sth使某人/物受益benefitfrom/by..從……中受益/獲益(2)forthebenefitof＝forone'sbenefit為了……的利益beofbenefitto有益于……；對……有好處(3)beneficialadj.有利的；有益的；受益的bebeneficialto...有益于；對……有好eq\o(處,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Now,it'stoughtoargueagainstthemanybenefitsthattheInternethasbroughtintoourlives.現(xiàn)在，很難反駁互聯(lián)網給我們生活帶來的諸多好處。(應用文寫作之科技發(fā)展)練透——單句語法填空①Asweknow,booksarethesourceofknowledgeandwecanbenefitagreatdealfrom/byreading.②ItissaidthatYogaisofgreatbenefittohealth,soyoucantryit.③Chinahasbeenpushingthereformofpublichospitalsforthebenefitofallitscitizens.④Severalstudieshaveshownthatlisteningtomusiccanbehighlybeneficial(benefit).寫美——一句多譯天天做運動對健康非常有益處。⑤Doingexerciseeverydayisverybeneficialtohealth.(beneficial)⑥Doingexerciseeverydayisofgreatbenefittohealth.(benefit)【中國元素】FactshaveshownthatamoreopenChinahasbenefitednotonlythe1.4billionpeopleofChina,butalsothepeoplearoundtheworld.事實表明，一個更加開放的中國不僅造福于14億中國人民，也造福于世界人民。10．capableadj.能干的；能力強的(1)becapableof(doing)sth有(做)某事的能力(2)capacityn.能力，才能havecapacitytodosth/forsth有(做)某事的能力inone'scapacityas＝inthecapacityof作為……；以……資格、身份或職eq\o(位,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Successfulpeopledon'tlettheiragedefinewhattheyarecapableof.成功人士不會讓他們的年齡決定他們的能力。練透——單句語法填空①Ifirmlybelieveyouhavethecapacitytocreate(create)yourownhappiness.②ThemissionmadeChinathefifthcountrycapableofbuildingandlaunchingitsowncarrierrockettoreachEarth'sorbit.③Inordertoadapttothedevelopmentofthetimes,humanbeingsmusthavethecapacityforlife-longlearning.寫美——同義句轉換④Ibelieveshecantakecareofherself.→Ibelieveshehasthecapacitytotakecareofherself.(capacity)→Ibelievesheiscapableoftakingcareofherself.(capable)→Ibelievesheisabletotakecareofherself.(able)【中國元素】ThedriverlessbullettrainsconnectingBeijingandZhangjiakouinnorthernHebeiProvincearecapableofhittingspeedsupto350kph.連接北京和河北省北部張家口的無人駕駛動車，時速能達350公里。11．preventvt.預防；阻止，阻擋(1)prevent/stopsb(from)(doing)sth阻止某人(做)某事(在被動結構中，介詞from不可省略)keepsbfrom(doing)sth阻止某人(做)某事(2)preventionn.防；防止；防范(3)preventableadj.可以預防的；可以阻止eq\o(的,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Thefirefightersshoweduswhattodoincaseofafire,howtopreventthefireandhowtousedifferentkindsoffire-fightingequipment.消防隊員向我們展示了發(fā)生火災時該怎么做，如何預防火災，以及如何使用各種消防設備。(應用文寫作之活動介紹)【點津】表示“阻止某人(做)某事”時，prevent/stopsb(from)(doing)sth中的介詞from可以省略，但keepsbfrom(doing)sth中的from不能省略。在被動結構中，以上短語中的from均不可省略。練透——單句語法填空①(2021·天津卷)Thiswillpreventyoufromgetting(get)lostinthefirstfewdaysofclasses,andfamiliarizeyouwithhowlongittakestogetfromplacetoplace.②Thesituationinthatcountryshouldbeprevented(prevent)frombeingworseandworse.③Mostofthemistakesinhistestpaperarepreventable(prevent)ifheismorecareful.④Lawismadetopunishcrimeswithaneyeonprevention(prevent).寫美——句式升級⑤Thefiremenarrivedquickly,sotheypreventedthefirefromspreading.→Thefiremenarrivedquickly,preventingthefirefromspreading.(動詞-ing形式短語作狀語)12．detailn．細節(jié)(1)indetail詳細地gointodetails詳細敘述；逐一說明(2)detailedadj.詳細的，詳盡eq\o(的,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Wecarefullywatchedeverydetailofhisaction.我們仔細觀察了他動作的每個細節(jié)。練透——單句語法填空①Pleasevisitourwebsitetogetmoredetails(detail)ofourproducts.②Thankfully,afterIexplainedmyplantothemindetail,theysaidyes.③Hegavemedetailed(detail)instructionsonhowtogetthere.寫美——完成句子④他拒絕詳細敘述他的計劃。Herefusedtogointodetailsabouthisplans.13．satisfactionn．滿足，滿意(1)tosb'ssatisfaction令某人滿意的是withsatisfaction滿意地，心滿意足地(2)satisfyvt.使?jié)M意，使?jié)M足satisfysbwithsth使某人滿足于某事(3)satisfiedadj.滿意的，滿足的besatisfiedwith對……感到滿意(4)satisfyingadj.令人滿意eq\o(的,\s\do4(,))【佳句】StrokingTom'shair,Momsmiledwithsatisfaction.媽媽撫摸著湯姆的頭發(fā)，滿意地笑了。(讀后續(xù)寫之動作描寫)練透——單句語法填空①Shestoppedwritingandreadwhatshehadwrittenwithsatisfaction(satisfy).②Inordertosatisfyourcustomerswithhighqualityservice,weareinvitinganexperttotrainourworkers.③Ifyouarenotsatisfiedwithyourpurchase,wewillgiveyouafullrefund.④Itissatisfying(satisfy)inlifetomakeonefriend,morethanenoughtomaketwofriendsandraretomakethreefriends.寫美——完成句子⑤讓老師滿意的是，他正確地回答了所有的問題。Totheteacher'ssatisfaction,heansweredallthequestionscorrectly.【中國元素】Chinawillfurtheradvancetheintegrationofelderlyandmedicalcareservicestoincreasesatisfactionofitsgrowingelderlypopulation.中國將進一步推進養(yǎng)老和醫(yī)療服務一體化，以提高不斷增長的老年人口的滿意度。14．amazedadj.大為驚奇的，驚訝的(1)beamazedat/by對……很驚奇beamazedtofind/learn/see...驚奇的發(fā)現(xiàn)/了解到/看到(2)amazementn.驚訝(much)toone'samazement令某人(非常)驚訝的是inamazement驚訝地(3)amazev.使吃驚(4)amazingadj.驚人的，了不起eq\o(的,\s\do4(,))【佳句】WhenDadandMomarrivedadayearlier,theywereamazedtofindeverythinginamess.當爸爸媽媽提前一天到達時，他們驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)一切都亂糟糟的。(讀后續(xù)寫之家庭生活)練透——單句語法填空①Visitorsareamazedtofind(find)thatgreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinainthepastthirtyyears.②Helookedatmeinamazement(amaze),anditseemedthathehadn'trecognizedme.③Muchtohisamazement,hefoundthatnotwosnowflakeswereexactlythesameshape.寫美——完成句子④看到她巨大的變化我感到驚訝。Iwasamazedtoseehowmuchshehadchanged.15．responsen．回答，答復(1)makea/noresponseto對……做出回復/不回復inresponseto為了回應……；作為對……的回答(2)respondvi.回答；響應；做出反應respondto對……做出回復/回eq\o(答,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Shemadeanappealonsocialmediaandwasmetwithafloodofkindresponses.她在社交媒體上發(fā)出呼吁，并得到了大量善意的回應。(讀后續(xù)寫之慈善事業(yè))練透——單句語法填空①Iknockedonthedoorbuttherewasnoresponse(respond).②Inresponsetothecallofmotherland,alotofgraduatesvolunteertoworkintheruralarea.③Sherespondedtomyletterwithaphonecall.寫美——一句多譯她沒有回復我的信件。④Shedidn'trespondtomyletter.(respond)⑤Shedidn'tmakearesponsetomyletter.(response)16．track[對點微練]——選出track的含義A．n.跑道B．n.足跡，蹤跡C．n.軌道D．vt.追蹤①Engineerscarriedoutathoroughinspectionofthetracktoensurethesafetyofthetrains.C②Thehuntertrackedthewolfandmanagedtocatchit.D③WhenKellyranaroundthetrack,sheheardmanycheersandkidsshouting,“GoKelly!Youcandoit！”A④Wefollowedthebear'stracksinthesnow.B17．net[對點微練]——選出net的含義A．n.(網球等的)球網B．adj.凈得的C．vt.凈賺，凈得D．vt.(將球)踢入球門，射入球門①Itisreportedthepany'snetprofitincreasedby10%lastyear.B②Theplayerhasnetted21goalssofarthisseason.D③Justoneminutebeforethegamewasover,hekickedtheballintothenet,helpinghisteamwinthechampion.A④Henettedamilliondollarsaftertaxeslastyear.C18．tip[對點微練]——選出tip的含義A．n.建議，忠告，竅門B．n.小費C．n.尖，尖端D．vt.倒出，翻覆①Itisacustominthatcountrytogivethewaiteratipafterthemeal.B②Hetippedthecontentsofthebagontothetable.D③Thefollowingaresometipstohelpyougainthepromotionyouwant.A④Whatyouseeisonlythetipoftheglacierandeightninthsofitisunderthesea.C◎主題語境培優(yōu)——詞匯庫[自主核對區(qū)]1.coachn.2.captainn．3.professionaladj.4.amateuradj.5.medaln.6.buildupone'sbody7.setanewworldrecord8.aclosegame9.thestarting/finishingline10.winagoldmedal11.bringglorytothecountry12.recordholder13.physicalexercise14.getintothegoodhabitofgettingupearly15.improveheartandlungfunction[自主核對區(qū)]1.教練2.隊長3.專業(yè)的，職業(yè)的4.業(yè)余的5.獎牌6.增強某人的體質7.創(chuàng)造一項新的世界紀錄8.一場勢均力敵的比賽9.起點/終點線10.獲得一枚金牌11.為國家?guī)順s譽12.紀錄保持者13．體育鍛煉14.養(yǎng)成早起的習慣15．提高心肺功能寫作句式遷移1．notonly...butalso...句型[課本原句]One'shealthandwellnessaredependentnotonlyondiet，butalsoonsportandexercise.一個人的健康不僅依賴飲食，還有運動和鍛煉。(1)notonly...butalso...句型，意為“不僅……而且……”，用于連接兩個表示并列關系的成分，著重強調后者，其中的also有時可以省略；(2)notonly...butalso...連接的兩個成分作主語時，謂語動詞要遵循“就近一致”原則。即謂語動詞和最近的主語保持一致；(3)notonly...butalso...連接兩個句子，且notonly置于句首時，notonly后面的句子要用部分倒裝，但butalso后的句子不倒裝eq\o(。,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Herevisitorscannotonlyincreasetheirknowledge,butalsoreviewhistory.參觀者在這里不僅可以增長知識，而且重溫了歷史。【寫作遷移】——微寫作①一個微笑不僅能使我們快樂，也能使別人感到高興。Notonlycanasmilemakeushappy,butalsoitenablesotherstofeeldelighted.②智能不僅占用了我們寶貴的時間，而且對我們的健康造成了極大的危害。Smartphonesnotonlytakeupourvaluabletime,butalsodogreatharmtoourhealth．【中國元素】PractisingChinesekungfucannotonlybuilduppeople'sstrength,butalsodeveloppeople'scharacter.練中國功夫不僅可以強身健體，而且可以塑造我們的性格。2．否定轉移[課本原句]Idon'tthinkIcanplayanymore,coach.教練，我想我不能再比賽了。否定轉移是指把對賓語從句的否定轉移到主句謂語動詞上，它必須同時滿足三個條件：(1)主語是第一人稱I或we；(2)主句謂語是一般現(xiàn)在時；(3)謂語動詞應是think,believe,suppose,guess,expect,imagine等eq\o(。,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Idon'tbelievethemancanfinishtheworkontime.我認為這個人是不會按時完成這項工作的?！军c津】否定前移的賓語從句，在變成反意疑問句時，反意疑問句的主謂語要與從句一致?！緦懽鬟w移】——微寫作①我認為他不會操作這臺新機器。Idon'tthink(that)hecanoperatethenewmachine.②我們覺得他不會來的。Wedon'tthinkhewille.③我想你沒遇見湯姆，對嗎？Idon'tthinkyou'vemetTom,haveyou？單句語法填空1．Anincreasingnumberofpeopleprefertobuy/buying(buy)onlinetoenjoybenefitsoflowprices,broadcategoriesandfastdeliveryofferedbyonlinestores.2．Hemetwithmanyfailures,buthewasnotdiscouraged,stillhavingaburningdesiretoachieve(achieve)hisgoal.3．Wemustimprovethequalityofourproductssothatwewillnotletourselvesbeovertaken(overtake)byourpetitors.4．(2022·新高考卷Ⅰ)Youmightthinkaboutpostingwhatyouarelookingforonsocialmedia,butitprobablywon'tresultinausefulresponse(respond).5．Aftergettinghome,whentheboyopenedthebox,hewasamazedtosee(see)apairofsportsshoes.6．Actually,evenverysmallchildrenarecapableofresolvingtheirownconflicts,andifpossibleshouldbeleftalonetodoso.7．Givemetimetocollectmythoughts,andIwillworkoutadetailed(detail)plan.8．Breathingasighofrelief(relieve),Carolinelookedatthebird,whichwasstillpeacefullysleepingintheboxasifnothinghadhappened.9．Scientistscollectendangeredandusefulwildspecies,puttheminapaperorcottonbagsothattheycanbepreventedfromgettingbad,andsendthemtotheseedbank.10．Occupied(occupy)withhiswork,hedoesn'tevenhavetimetohaveadinnerwithhisparents.完成句子1．我最喜歡的球隊贏得冠軍的消息使我振作起來。Thenewsthatmyfavoriteteamwonthechampionshipcheeredmeup.2．一定提醒他早點回來。Besuretoremindhimtoebackearly.3．她努力學習不想讓父母失望。Sheworkshardsoasnottoletherparentsdown.4．跟上國際國內市場的變化對我們來說很重要。Itisimportantforustokeepupwiththechangesofinternationalanddomesticmarket.5．請確保演出時關上所有。Pleasemakesureallmobilephonesareswitchedoffduringtheperformance.6．這是個好主意，但我認為他不會同意的。Thisisagoodidea,butIdon'tthinkhewillagreewithit．7．他在會上說的話使我非常緊張。Whathesaidinthemeetingmademeverynervous．8．你應該在會議上保持沉默，除非被邀請說話。Youshouldremainsilentattheconference,unlessinvitedtospeak.二、同步語法過關定語從句+不定代詞)導學案(解析版)考點一：關系代詞that清單1：that用作關系代詞，指人或物；在句中作主語、賓語，有時作表語。1.Heisnolongertheman_________hewasfiveyearsago.【解析】1.that。本句中that在定語從句充當表語。故答案是that。清單2：先行詞既為人又為物時，只用that不用which。2.Johntoldhisparentsaboutthecitiesandthepeople_________hehadvisited.【解析】2.that。先行詞既為人又為物時，只能用that不用which。故答案是that。清單3：先行詞被序數(shù)詞詞或形容詞最高級修飾時，只用that不用which。3.ThefirstEnglishnovel__________IreadwasGoneWithWind.3.Thisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgames_______Ihaveeverseen.【解析】3.that。先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾只能用that不用which。故答案是toreduce?！窘馕觥?.that。先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾只能用that不用which。故答案是that。清單4：先行詞是all,much,little,everything,nothing,anything等不定代詞時，只用that不用which。5.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething_____wassomeoneelse’sfault.(全國2010II)【解析】5.that。先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾只能用that不用which。故答案是that。清單5：先行詞被only,very,little,all等修飾時，只用that不用which。6.Heistheonlyman__________Icanfindforthework.【解析】6.that。限定詞only是關鍵。故答案是that。清單6：that用作關系副詞，作方式狀語（that相當于inwhich，可以省略），先行詞是theway。7.Idon’tliketheway_______youspeaktoher.【解析】7.that。theway在定語從句作方式狀語，故填that。注意此時that可以省略。故答案是that?？键c二：關系代詞which清單1：which用作關系代詞，指物；在句中作主語、賓語8.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofclothgivesofflightinthedark.【解析】8.that/which。本句中that在定語從句充當表語。故答案是that。清單2：which引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是整個主句或主句一部分，前邊有逗號為標志，that不能。9.Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.【解析】9.which。which引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是整個主句，前邊有逗號為標志。故答案是which。清單3：which用于“介詞+關系代詞”結構，先行詞指物，如inwhich,bothofwhich等。10.Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from__________studentscanchooseforfree.【解析】10.which。choosefrom表示“從……選擇”；先行詞是Manylessons，故用which。故答案是which?？键c三：關系代詞whose清單1：whose用作關系代詞，在定語從句中作定語，先行詞指人或物。11.Kae,_________sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.【解析】11.whose。whose用作關系代詞，在定語從句中作定語，先行詞指人。故答案是whose。清單1：whose+名詞=the+名詞+ofwhom/which=ofwhom/which+the+名詞。12.In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneof_______purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.13.ThisisMrGreen,___________________helpI’vemadegreatprogressinEnglish.【解析】12.whose。whose用作關系代詞，在定語從句中作定語，先行詞指物。故答案是whose?！窘馕觥?3.withwhose。Withone’shelp表示“在……幫助下”。故答案是withwhose。考點四：關系代詞as清單1：as用作關系代詞，引導限制性定語從句，作從句的主語、賓語，用于such…as…,so…as…,thesame…as…句型。14.LosAngelesissuchanattractiveplace_______everyonelikestovisit.15.Thisis______difficultaproblem_____noonecanworkout.【解析】14.as。such…as…構成限制性定語從句，從句缺少賓語。故答案是as?！窘馕觥?5.so;as。so…as…構成限制性定語從句，從句缺少賓語。故答案是so;as。清單1：as用作關系代詞，引導非限制性定語從句，位于主句的前、中、后，強調前后邏輯一致，表示“正如……”，從句多含有see,know,expect,tell,report等動詞。16._________isoftenthecasewithJim,hewasfinedforspeeding.17._______isknowntoeverybody,lighttravelsfasterthansound.18.Theairqualityinthecity,______isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.【解析】16.As。asisoftenthecasewithsb引導非限制性定語從句。位于句首或句末。故答案是As?！窘馕觥?7.As。asweallknow/asisknowntoall引導非限制性定語從句。位于句首或句末。故答案是As?！窘馕觥?8.as。as引導的定語從句可以插入到主句中間，如本句。故答案是as。考點五：關系代詞who和whom清單1：關系代詞who在定語從句作主語，先行詞指人。19.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmastershadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.【解析】19.who。本句先行詞是theirmasters，定語從句缺少主語，故應用who。清單1：關系代詞whom在定語從句作賓語，先行詞指人，可以省略。whom可以用于“介詞+關系代詞”結構，先行詞指人，如fromwhom,bywhom等。20.Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyof______lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.【解析】20.whom。這是“介詞+關系代詞”結構，先行詞指人，故用whom?？键c六：關系副詞when,where和why清單1：when用作關系副詞，在定語從句作時間狀語；先行詞是具體時間名詞，如day,month,year還可以是抽象名詞，如age,stay,occasion等。21.Thedaysaregone________physicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.22.Wehaveenteredintoanage_______dreamshavethebestchanceofingtrue.【解析】21.when。when用作關系副詞，在定語從句作時間狀語。注意本句先行詞Thedays和定語從句沒有緊挨在一起，而是被謂語aregone分隔開，形成分割定語從句。故答案是when?！窘馕觥?2.when。when用作關系副詞，在定語從句作時間狀語。清單2：where用作關系副詞，在定語從句作地點狀語；先行詞既可以是具體地點名詞，如school,museum,centre還可以是抽象名詞，如point,case,situation,stage,race,position,job等。23.Selfdriving

is

an

area

__________China

and

the

rest

of

the

world

are

on

the

same

startingline.24.Today,we’lldiscusssomecases____________beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.【解析】23.where。先行詞an

area在定語從句充當?shù)攸c狀語，故答案是where?！窘馕觥?4.where。先行詞是抽象名詞cases，定語從句不缺少主語和賓語，應作狀語。故答案是where。清單3：why用作關系副詞，在定語從句作原因狀語；why還可以用于Thereasonwhy…isthat…句型。25.Thereason_________Jimfailedtoewas________hewasseriouslyill.【解析】25.why;that。Thereasonwhy…isthat…是固定句型，表示“之所以……是因為……”。故答案是why;that?？键c七：用關系代詞或是關系副詞清單：先行詞是地點名詞，關系詞不一定用where；先行詞是時間名詞，關系詞不一定用when；先行詞是原因名詞，關系詞不一定用why；竅門：學會分析句子成分，原句含有主謂賓或者不缺少賓語才能用關系副詞；原句缺少主語或賓語才能用關系代詞?！炯磿r訓練】在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~。26.Doyoustillrememberthedays________westudiedtogether?27.Doyoustillrememberthedays________wespenttogether?28.Isthisthemuseum______youonceworked?29.Isthisthemuseum______youoncevisited?30.Isthisthereason_______hewasabsentfromschoolyesterday?31.Isthisthereason_______hegaveforabsencefromschoolyesterday?【解析】26.when。when用作關系副詞，在定語從句作時間狀語。故答案是when?！窘馕觥?7.that/which。沒有特別限定，二者都可以，時間名詞在定語從句作賓語。故答案是that/which?！窘馕觥?8.where。where用作關系副詞，在定語從句作地點狀語。故答案是toreduce?！窘馕觥?9.that/which。沒有特別限定，二者都可以，地點名詞在定語從句作賓語。故答案是that/which?！窘馕觥?0.why。why用作關系副詞，在定語從句作原因狀語。故答案是toreduce?！窘馕觥?1.that/which。從句謂語動詞give是及物動詞，從句缺少賓語。故答案是that/which?？键c八：“介詞+關系代詞”結構要點精講：先行詞指人關系代詞用whom，指物關系代詞用which；介詞選擇的原則：一看先行詞詞特殊要求，如toadegree，二看從句謂語動詞搭配，如learnfrom三看整個語境邏輯。特殊結構如inwhichcase,withwhosehelp等?！炯磿r訓練】在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~。32.Doyourememberthedaywefirstmet?33.Doyourememberthemonthwefirstmet?34.Thisistheskirtshepaid$100.34.Thisistheskirtshespent$100.36.ThisismyEnglishteacher,I’velearnedalot.37.ThisismyEnglishteacher,helpIcouldn’thavemadesuchrapidprogress.【解析】32.onwhich?！霸谀骋惶臁苯樵~用on。故答案是onwhich?！窘馕觥?3.inwhich?！霸谀骋辉隆苯樵~用in。故答案是inwhich?！窘馕觥?4.forwhich。pay…for…是固定詞組。故答案是forwhich?！窘馕觥?5.onwhich。spendmoney/timeon…是固定詞組。故答案是onwhich?！窘馕觥?6.fromwhom。從句謂語含有l(wèi)earnfrom短語。故答案是fromwhom?！窘馕觥?7.withoutwhose。withone’shelp表示“在某人幫助下”，結合語境應用否定形式。故答案是withoutwhose?？键c九：定語從句中的主謂一致要點精講1：先行詞作主語，that/which/who從句謂語動詞和主語保持一致。38.Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you'llfindprobablyasolutionthat_______(suit)everyone.39.I,who__________(be)yourfriend,canunderstandyou.【解析】38.suits。asolution作主語，謂語動詞應用單數(shù)。故答案是suits?！窘馕觥?9.am。定語從句主語是I，對應謂語是am。故答案是am。要點精講2：先行詞是oneof…結構，定語從句謂語用復數(shù)；先行詞是theonly/veryoneof…，定語從句謂語用單數(shù)。40.Heisoneofthestudentswho________(praise)atyesterday’smeeting.41.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______________(praise)atyesterday’smeeting.【解析】40.werepraised。先行詞是oneof…結構，定語從句謂語用復數(shù)。故答案是werepraised?！窘馕觥?1.waspraised。先行詞是theonly/veryoneof…，定語從句謂語用單數(shù)。故答案是waspraised?？键c十：定語從句復雜形式清單：先行詞與定語從句分隔開構成“分割型”定語從句；定語從句與強調句型相結合考查；定語從句與名詞性從句、狀語從句綜合考查；定語從句在閱讀理解和完形填空中多起干擾作用，注意用括號法快速識別達到化繁為簡目的。42.Occasionsarequiterare_________Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.43.Itwasinthebackyard________myfatherplantedmanyvegetables________hedugupastatue.44.Hewrotealotofnovels,manyof_________weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages.45.Hewrotealotofnovels,andmanyof_______weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages.46.Anewschoolwillbebuiltin_________isabankruptfactorynow.47.Anewschoo