2023考博英語模擬82(考卷附答案)

2012考博英語模擬82（考卷）一、閱讀理解（每題2分，共40分）SectionADirections:Inthissection,therearefourpassagesfollowedquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.Passage1Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Theconceptofsocialcapitalhasattractedconsiderableattentionamongresearchersinrecentyears.Itreferstotheresourcesembeddedininterpersonalrelationshipsthatcanbeaccessedandusedtofacilitateindividualandcollectiveaction.Socialcapitalincludestrust,norms,andnetworksthatenablecollectiveaction.1.Accordingtothepassage,socialcapitalisprimarilyconcernedwith______.A.individualactionB.collectiveactionC.interpersonalrelationshipsD.resourcesallocationA.TrustB.NormsC.NetworksD.IndividualeffortPassage2Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Climatechangeisoneofthemostpressingissuesfacingtheworldtoday.ScientistsagreethathumanactivitiesarecontributingtothewarmingoftheEarth'satmosphere,leadingtoawiderangeofimpacts,fromrisingsealevelstomoreextremeweatherevents.6.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ThecausesofclimatechangeB.TheimpactsofclimatechangeC.ThesolutionstoclimatechangeD.Thedebateonclimatechange7.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisaconsequenceofclimatechange?A.IncreasedrainfallB.DecreasedsealevelsC.MoreextremeweathereventsD.ReducedhumanactivitiesSectionBDirections:Inthissection,therearethreeshortpassagesfollowedquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwiththreesuggestedanswersmarkedA,BandC.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.Passage3Questions11to13arebasedonthefollowingpassage:11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ThebenefitsoftheInternetB.ThechallengesoftheInternetC.ThehistoryoftheInternet12.Whichofthefollowingisachallengementionedinthepassage?A.AccesstoinformationB.CommunicationC.PrivacyissuesPassage4Questions14to16arebasedonthefollowingpassage:14.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.ThehistoryofB.TheapplicationsofC.Theethicalconcernsof15.Whichofthefollowingisanapplicationofmentionedinthepassage?A.SelfdrivingcarsB.VirtualassistantsC.BothAandBSectionCDirections:Inthissection,thereisonepassagefollowedfivequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachquestionorstatement,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.Passage5Questions17to21arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Educationisalifelongprocessthatbeginsfrominfancyandcontinuesthroughoutone'slife.Itplaysacrucialroleinshapingindividuals'knowledge,skills,andvalues.However,theeffectivenessofeducationcanbeinfluencedvariousfactors,includingteachingmethods,curriculumdesign,andsocietalexpectations.17.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheimportanceofeducationB.ThefactorsinfluencingeducationC.Thehistoryofeducation18.Whichofthefollowingisafactorthatinfluenceseducation?A.TeachingmethodsB.CurriculumdesignC.SocietalexpectationsD.Alloftheabove二、完型填空（每題1分，共20分）Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthewordgiveninbrackets.Youdonotneedtochangethewordgiven.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.Itiswidelyacceptedthatexerciseisbeneficialforourphysicalandmentalhealth.Regularexercisecan(22)______(reduce)theriskofvariousdiseases,suchasheartdisease,diabetes,andobesity.Moreover,exercisecanimproveourmoodand(23)______(relieve)stress.一、閱讀理解SectionA1.B2.D3.C4.A5.D6.B7.C8.A9.D10.BSectionB11.B12.C13.A14.B15.CSectionC17.B18.D19.A20.C21.B二、完型填空22.reduce23.relieve24.going25.swimming1.閱讀理解理解文章主旨和大意推斷作者觀點和態(tài)度識別事實和觀點理解文章結(jié)構(gòu)和邏輯關系詞匯理解和運用示例：Passage1涉及社會學的概念，考察學生對社會資本的理解。Passage2關注氣候變化，考察學生對環(huán)境問題的認識。Passage3探討互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的挑戰(zhàn)，考察學生對信息技術的了解。Passage5討論教育問題，考察學生對教育理念的理解。2.完型填空詞匯辨析和使用語法結(jié)構(gòu)和搭配上下文理解和邏輯推理示例：第22題考察詞匯reduce的正確形式，要求學生掌握動詞的過去分詞形式。第23題考察詞匯relieve的正確形式，要求學生掌握動詞的原形。第24題考察固定搭配gotothegym，要求學生掌握動詞短語。第25題考察詞匯swim的正確形式，要求學生掌握名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為動詞的形式。各題型所考察學生的知識點詳解：1.閱讀理解主旨大意：要求學生通過閱讀全文，概括文章的中心思想。推斷作者觀點：要求學生分析文