常識邏輯情感線索類完形填空題解題技巧

第頁高考沖刺：完形之常識、邏輯、情感線索等解題技巧題型介紹完形填空最新趨勢1.詞匯量逐年增加，相對閱讀速度要求提高。對比前幾年和最近兩年的試題，多數(shù)完形填空試題的單詞量在增加。2019年四川卷完形題干單詞量353個，上海卷完形題干為371個單詞（10個空），其他試卷也有此特點。在閱讀難度和速度上對考生提出更高的要求。2.高級詞匯、生詞量有增無減。最近幾年，完形填空用詞的復(fù)雜程度也在增加。過去的完形填空僅用常見詞匯進行描述的現(xiàn)象不復(fù)存在。雖然考生通過構(gòu)詞法等方法猜測復(fù)雜詞匯的含義，勢必會影響閱讀速度，容易造成理解偏差，從而影響解題正確率。3.復(fù)雜句式迅速增加。最近兩年高考完形題在句子上突出了對行文邏輯及理解能力的考查，體現(xiàn)在長句及復(fù)合句增多、句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜化（定語從句、狀語從句、插入語等）、句式豐富多樣，從而極大地增加了閱讀難度。4.答案的選擇以語境為主，兼顧搭配與語法。最近幾年的高考完形設(shè)空加強了對英語詞句應(yīng)用能力的考查，充分體現(xiàn)了在具體的語言環(huán)境中靈活運用詞句的思想?？赡艹霈F(xiàn)在大綱詞匯表中是一種詞性，而在完形短文中是另外詞性的情況?？忌荒芎唵蔚貜脑~性判斷答案，而應(yīng)該感受語境，體會隱含信息，并甄別答案。解題技巧1.做完形的關(guān)鍵思路為抓準主旨、透析文意、理清邏輯。2.面對不太熟悉的題材或文體時，開始閱讀時可能會有“不知所云、抓不住主線”的感覺，這時千萬不能急躁或者失去信心，而應(yīng)“咬緊牙關(guān)”繼續(xù)往下讀，搜索相關(guān)信息，文意會逐漸顯露，對文章的把握也就“豁然開朗”。3.正因為完形填空著重考查詞句“在具體語境”中的考查，要特別注意上下文的信息提示，應(yīng)學(xué)會邊讀邊在大腦中儲存上下文的相關(guān)信息，而不能只盯住空白處本句。4.一定要注意英漢兩種語言的差異，不能簡單地互譯。命題者往往從母語的角度設(shè)置干擾項，來增加試題的難度。真題再現(xiàn)常識線索 解題時,有時文中提供的信息不夠,便需要把讀者頭腦中儲存的一般知識信息結(jié)合起來考慮,最后根據(jù)常識判斷最佳答案。1.On______days,sheworeheavyclothesandapairofwoolengloves…A.sunny B.rainy C.cloudy D.snowy2.Bothofusweresittinginthebaker’svan,whichwasfullofhot____withmostdelicioussmell.“Hungry?”saidthedriver.Wenodded,andshepulledoutalongthinloafandhandedittous.A.coffee B.soup C.water D.bread3.WhentheydiscoveredthatBlackWednesdayweregoingtoperformatourlocaltheatre,theyallbought____forperformance.A.flowersB.drinksC.clothesD.tickets4.Somedayslater,Iwastoldthataguywhowasworkingwithusthatday,“Couldprobablyhavemadeafortune____thenecklacehefound.”A.hidingB.stealingC.sellingD.wearing5.Butwerunsomuchthat,afterwards,wehadtrouble______.A.speaking B.moving C.sleeping D.breathing6.Inthesummervacationof2019,Iwasfixedwithajob.Iworkedasa(n)______atMr.Breen’sfruitshop.A.operatorB.assistant C.waiterD.secretary7.…themotherwasholdingtheirbabydaughter,Ally.Thelittlegirlhadsomefoodstuckinherthroat,andcouldhardlybreathe.Mr.Whitedrovethemto.Theambulancewasrunningveryfastalongtheroad.A.thebesthospital B.thebiggesthospitalC.thenearesthospital D.theChildren’sHospital8.SalinaJoebeganto_____whenshewasone-yearold.A.sayB.cryC.singD.talk邏輯線索1.Iwasgoingtobelate,asIhadmistakenlyboardedabusthatwastakingmeinthe_____direction.(安徽)A.same B.right C.general D.opposite2.Myhearingwasdamagedbythe______offarmequipment.A.sound B.alarm C.noise D.voice3.Forexample,differentsocietiestreatthebetweenpeopledifferently.NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehaving(bodily)contact(接觸)evenwithfriendsA.trade B.distance C.connections D.greetings4.Thehousenextdoorhadbeenemptyforsolongthatwehadquite_______whatitwasliketohaveneighbors.A.rememberedB.forgottenC.remindedD.thoughtof5.Sibson’shousewasthreekilometersoffthemainroadandwassowellhiddenbytreesthatheknewcallingforhelpwouldbe.(四川)A.limited B.falseC.fruitless D.regretful6.Whatabusyday!Thethreeboyswerefed,bathedandchangedintotheirnightclothes.Maryhadtoldthemastoryandfinallytheywereasleep.“Babysittingthethreeboysagedeight,sixandfourisextremely,”shethought.A.successful B.helpfulC.tiring D.surprising7.WhenAlicestartedtocyclehomefromJenny’shouse,shewasn’tnervous.Shewascertainlynotafraidofthedark.(Besides)itwasonlya15-minuteridehome.Buthalfwaythere,shebegantowishthatshehadn’tbeenso______.(江西)A.brave B.excitedC.curious D.stubborn8.Thelineofpeoplegrew,andeverybodyseemed.(湖南)A.surprised B.impolite C.pleased D.impatient9.Hegotgradesintheschool,especially(in)biologyandchemistry,whichwasagreatcomfort.(重慶)A.poor B.good C.average D.standard10.Toddwasworkingathisgasstationatnightwhenheheardoverthe…Toddsawtheheadlightscomingathimandacarpulledinfor______.A.directionB.repairsC.gasD.parking情感線索【鏈接高清】 在第一遍通讀時,應(yīng)在掌握文章大意、弄清作者思路的基礎(chǔ)上,著重尋找反映語境褒貶性的標志性詞匯或句子,這些標志性詞匯或句子往往對文章的語境褒貶性起著決定性的作用。1.“Whyhasmylifebecomeso27?”Ithoughtpainfully.(全國Ⅱ)27.A.hard B.busyC.serious D.short2.FifteenminutespassedbuttherewasstillnosignofTony.Ibegantogetandgotuptolookforhim.(遼寧)A.ashamedB.angryC.worried D.doubtful3.Herodehome,lookingforwardtoshowinghisnewbicycletohisfriends.(北京)A.patiently B.proudlyC.silently D.tiredly3.ItwasacoolOctoberevening.Excitementandfamilymembersfilledthehall.Iwasonlya7-year-oldgirl,butIwasthecenterof(attention).Finally,afterweeksofpreparation,Iwould(showoff)allmyhardworkinadanceperformance.Everythingwouldbe—soIthought.A.reasonableB.suitableC.obviousD.perfect4.IusedtohatebeingcalleduponinclassmainlybecauseIdidn'tlikeattentiondrawntomyself.And(unless)otherwiseassigned(指定)aseatbytheteacher,Ialways37tositatthebackoftheclassroom.A.hopedB.agreedC.meantD.chose解釋說明1.ManyAfricansarevery______andsotheycan’taffordtoeatmuchmeat.Ahealthy B.poor C.rich D.weak2.Manyoldpeopledon’thavegood______.Theycan’twatchTV,buttheycanlistentothemusic.A.hearing B.health C.eyesight D.time3.Mycoach（教練）saidthatIhadlotsofpotential（潛力）,andIbecamecaptainofmy______.

A.class

B.club

C.team

D.board

4.Iusedtocallpeople______,fromthemomentIwokeuptothetimeIwenttosleep.A.nowandthenB.allthetime C.athome D.atwork5.However,somepeoplearguethatrulesmaybe,havingobservedthatruleschangeallthetimeA.disgusting B.confusing C.unsafe D.unimportant6....hewouldjoinstudentgroupstodiscussavarietyof______:agriculture,divingandmathematics.A.questions B.subjects C.matters D.contents常識線索1.D。在沒有特殊場景的情況下，穿上厚衣服、帶上羊毛手套是在下雪天發(fā)生的。2.D。根據(jù)常識，坐在面包師的貨車里，而且還有一個定語“帶著噴香的味道”……，這兩句的語境都明確提示考生，答案是“面包”。3.D。發(fā)現(xiàn)BlackWednesday組合要開演唱會，根據(jù)常識，觀眾肯定是“買票”而不是其他東西。4.C?！癿adeafortune”意為“賺大錢”，而且necklace有定語“hefound”，根據(jù)常識只能選擇C。5.D。跑得太多，其結(jié)果當然是上氣不接下氣，即呼吸(breathing)困難了，我們一般都會有這樣的生活經(jīng)歷。6.B。根據(jù)常識，“ajob”“atafruitshop”應(yīng)該是assistant而不是其他。7.C。根據(jù)常識，“foodstuckinherthroat”，情況危急，應(yīng)該送往最近的醫(yī)院。8.D。根據(jù)常識判斷，嬰兒在一歲的時候應(yīng)該是開始學(xué)說話，而不是學(xué)哭或?qū)W唱歌，故答案只能在A、D之間選出。又因為say是及物動詞，其后面需接賓語，而talk是不及物動詞，其后不需要接賓語。邏輯線索1.D。上文信息：遲到是因為上錯車，上錯了車且遲到，由此推斷車是開往反方向的。2.C。結(jié)果是聽力受損，根據(jù)常識推斷，其原因是農(nóng)場設(shè)備的噪音而不是其他聲音。3.B。下一句明確提到北歐人不喜歡身體接觸，即使是朋友關(guān)系。不喜歡身體接觸即為保持距離。4.B。根據(jù)“so...that”句型判斷題干為結(jié)果狀語從句，“隔壁的房子空了太久”就是說沒有鄰居居住，也就是“忘了鄰居是什么樣的了”。5.C。題干依然是“so...that”句型，房子“離主路三公里遠”、“隱藏在樹林中”，說明了它的偏僻，在這么偏的地方即使呼救也會無效（因為聽不到）。fruitless意為“沒有成果的，無益的”。6.C。從上文“busy”,“threeboyswerefed,bathedandchanged”營造出非常累人的環(huán)境。7.A。前文說主人公wasn’tn