外研版中考英語復習：初中全部語法知識匯編（含練習題及答案）

第第頁外研版中考英語復習：初中全部語法知識匯編目錄第一部分詞法高頻考點知識點一：名詞知識點二：冠詞知識點三：數(shù)詞知識點四：代詞知識點五：介詞知識點六：形容詞和副詞知識點七：連詞知識點八：動詞和動詞短語知識點九：情態(tài)動詞知識點十：非謂語動詞知識點十一：動詞時態(tài)知識點十二：被動語態(tài)第二部分句法高頻考點知識點一：陳述句知識點二：疑問句知識點三：祈使句知識點四：感嘆句知識點五：并列句知識點六：倒裝句知識點七：省略句知識點八：強調(diào)句知識點九：therebe句型知識點十：主謂一致知識點十一：狀語從句知識點十二：賓語從句知識點十三：定語從句第三部分語法綜合易錯題通關(guān)知識點一：詞性轉(zhuǎn)換知識點二：選詞填空知識點三：語法選擇知識點四：語法填空知識點五：情景交際第四部分中考語法模塊真題匯編知識點一：冠詞、介詞、代詞知識點二：動詞、名詞知識點三：時態(tài)知識點四：賓語從句、狀語從句和定語從句參考答案第一部分語法知識之詞法通關(guān)知識點一名詞【掌握目標】高頻考點考試比重掌握情況可數(shù)名詞及單復數(shù)1%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀不可數(shù)名詞1%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀專有名詞1%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀名詞所有格用法2%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀名詞做定語用法1%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀【知識梳理】一、名詞的分類（一）專有名詞：指某人，某地，某機構(gòu)等專有的名稱，其首字母要大寫。如:HongKong,China,BillClinton,RedCross普通名詞1.可數(shù)名詞：①個體名詞：表示某類人或東西中的個體，如student,book集體名詞：表示若干個體組成的集合體，如：family,school2.不可數(shù)名詞：①物質(zhì)名詞：表示無法分為個體的實物，如：cotton,air,tea抽象名詞：表示抽象概念，如：work,happiness,news二、名詞的復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞有單、復數(shù)形式，其復數(shù)的構(gòu)成規(guī)則如下：1.絕大多數(shù)在詞尾加s;2.以ch,sh,s,x,o結(jié)尾的名詞加es;3.下列以o結(jié)尾的詞加s構(gòu)成復數(shù)：piano,photo,radio,zoo,bamboo,kilo;4.以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的名詞，將y改為i，再加es;5.以元音字母＋y結(jié)尾的名詞，直接加s;6.以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞，先將f或fe改為v，再加es;7.少數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則的，要一一背記：man→men;woman→women;Englishman→Englishmen;foot→feet;tooth→teeth;child→children;mouse→mice;8.少數(shù)名詞的單、復數(shù)形式相同，如：Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish,means(注:fishes表不同種類的魚);9.復合名詞：①含man或woman的復合名詞，兩部分都變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)形式。如：twomenteachers,fourwomendoctors②將復合名詞中的主體名詞變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)形式，如：lookers-on旁觀者，editors-in-chief總編輯,passers-by過路人③如果沒有主體名詞，就在詞尾后加s。如：grown-ups成年人，go-betweens中間人三、名詞的所有格1.名詞的所有格一般用于有生命的名詞。其構(gòu)成多在詞尾加上“’s”;以s結(jié)尾的專有名詞，在詞尾后加“’”或“’s”;以s結(jié)尾的復數(shù)名詞，只在詞尾加“’”。如：students’homework不以s結(jié)尾的復數(shù)名詞，仍在詞尾加“’s”。如：children’sbooks兒童讀物2．如果一個事物為兩個人共有，只在后一個名詞的詞尾加“’s”，如果不是共有，就要在兩個名詞的詞尾分別加上“’s”。例如：TomandMike’sroom湯姆和邁克合住的房間Tom’sandMike’srooms湯姆、邁克各自的房間【典型例題】[例題1]（）Pleasegiveme______onhowtoworkouttheproblem.A.someadvices B.someadvice C.somesuggestion D.anadvice[例題2]（）-Whatarethese?-They're______and______.A.sheep;hens B.hens;ship C.horse;sheep D.sheep;horse[例題3]（）-Doyoulikemeatfordinner.Amy?-No,butIlovevegetablesandfruit,like______.A.milkandapples B.carrotsandpears C.orangesandrice D.breadandeggs[例題4]（）Youcan'tfinfishreadingthenewspaperinaminutebecausethereistoomuch______init.A.news B.words C.titles D.pictures[例題5]（）Ihavesix______.（）A.watch B.watches C.photo D.photoes[例題6]（）-Whereisthemap?-It'sonyour______bed.Theylikereadingit.A.grandparent's B.grandparents' C.grandparent D.grandparents[例題7]（）-Afteryearsofhardwork,hefinallygotahigh______inhiscompany.-Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.A.position B.situation C.production D.condition[例題8]（）Inthepictureissomenicefood.Icanseean______andsome______.A.oranges;chickens B.orange;chickens C.orange;chicken D.oranges;chicken[例題9]（）-Doyouhavea______,XiaoMing?-Yes,Ihaveone.A.knife B.eraser C.milk D.bread[例題10]（）-Look!Three______ofshoes______underthebed.-Doyoulikethem?Theyaremysister's.A.pair;is B.pair;are C.pairs;is D.pairs;are[例題11]（）Lilyis______andsheisfrom______.A.anEnglish;England B.England;English C.English：England D.anEnglishgirl;English[例題12]（）______DayisonJunefirstand______DayisonSeptembertenth.A.Children's;Teachers' B.Women's;Teachers' C.Children's;Women's D.Women's;Children's[例題13]（）Look!Two______areplayingbasketballontheplayground.A.manteacher B.manteachers C.menteacher D.menteachers[例題14]（）Wealllikeeating______becausetheyarereallydelicious.A.breadandhamburger B.fruitsandmilk C.orangeandtomatoes D.eggsandburgers[例題15]（）Thisis______desk.A.Mike'sandJohn's B.MikeandJohn's C.Mike'sandJohn D.MikeandJohn知識點二冠詞【掌握目標】高頻考點考試比重掌握情況定冠詞1%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀不定冠詞1%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀【知識梳理】一、定冠詞用法實例1.The通常有明確的所指，可以用在上文提到過的人或事物Ihaveabird.Thebirdiswhite.2.用在談話雙方都知道的人或者事物前面，可以和單詞可數(shù)名詞，復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞放在一起使用。Whatdoyouthinkofthemovie?Wherearethekeys?Themilkisonthetable.3.用在單詞可數(shù)名詞前面，表示某一類人或事物，和不定冠詞的用法相似Thesteelworkersmakesteel.Thehorseisausefulanimal.4．用在世界上獨一無二的事物或方位等名詞前面Whichisbigger,theearthorthemoon?IlivetothewestoftheSummerPalace.5．用在樂器前面Hecanplaythepiano.6．表示兩者中“較……的一個”Heisthetallerofthetwoboys.7．用在序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級及only所修飾的名詞前面Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.8．用在江河湖海、山川群島的名稱前面theWestLake;thePacificOcean;theAlps9．用在由普通名詞和另外一些詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前面theBeijingRailwayStation;thePeople’sRepublicofChina;theUnitedstates10．表示“一家人”或“夫婦二人”TheBrownsarekindtous.11．用在形容詞或分詞前表示一類人或事物therich,thepoor,theold,theyoung,thedisabled,thewounded二、不定冠詞用法實例1．用來表示數(shù)量“一”，意思和one差不多，但數(shù)量概念比one弱Thereisatableandfourchairsintheroom.2．用于可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式前，指人或事物的某一類Achildneedslove.（指孩子這一類人）Ahorseismuchsmallerthananelephant.（指馬這一類動物和大象這一類動物）3．泛指某人或某物，但不具體說明是何人或何物Aboyiswaitingforyouattheschoolgate.Iamreadinganinterestingstory.4．用在表示“單位”，如時間、速度、價格等意義的名詞前，表示“每一”Ilovejunkfoodtoo,andIeatittwoorthreetimesaweek.5．用在序數(shù)詞前，表示“再一，又一”Youwillhavetodoitasecondtime.Ihavethreebooks,Iwanttobuyafourthone.6．用在一些專有名詞前表示泛指的“一個”AMr.Whiterangyouthismorning.7．用來表示某種身份、職業(yè)、地位、國籍。在這種用法中，幾乎沒有“一”的概念，只是強調(diào)一種身份、職業(yè)、地位，a/an常不翻譯。Iwanttobeanengineer.Thedutyofadoctoristotrytosavepeople’slives.8．用于表示動作意義的名詞前。具有動作意義的名詞與動詞have，take，make，give等構(gòu)成短語，表示一種短暫性動作時，此名詞前的不定冠詞一般不可缺少。havealookhaveawalkhavearest三、零冠詞用法實例1．物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞、專有名詞前不用冠詞Musicisauniversallanguage.BeijingisthecapitalofChina.2．表示泛指的復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前不用冠詞Telephonesarestillplayinganimportantroleinpeople’slife.3．月份、星期、節(jié)日、季節(jié)等名詞前不用冠詞注意：當談論具體的季節(jié)、日期和中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日時常用定冠詞。IhavebeenworkingforthiscompanysinceSeptember2010.Valentine’sDayisaspecialdayonwhichpeopleshowtheirlovetothosetheylove.4．表示三餐或球類運動的名詞前注意：如果有定語修飾表示三餐的名詞或者是特指某一頓飯，則要加冠詞Doyoulikeplayingicehockeyorrugby?Atweekends,Ioftenhelpmymumcookbreakfast.5．表示學科、語言的名詞前不用冠詞Welearnedarithmeticatelementaryschool.6．表示職位、頭銜、稱呼的名詞前不用冠詞Doctor,I’mnotfeelingmyselftoday.【典型例題】[例題1]（）________signherestandsfor________mistake.A.A…a B.A…the C.The…a D.The…the[例題2] （）Suziewouldliketowrite______articleforherschoolnewspaper.A.a B.an C.the D./[例題3]（）Kittyissuch______honeststudentthatsheisoftenpraisedbyherteachers.A.a B.an C.the D./[例題4]（）LittleTomgotuplateandwenttoschoolin______hurrythismorning.A.A B.an C.the D./[例題5]（）Thereis______beautifulgardenbehindMary’shouse.A.a B.an C.the D./[例題6]（）It’stimeforfun.Let’splay_______tennis,OK?A./ B.a C.an D.the[例題7]（）Tedtoldusafunnystory,butheforgot______endinghimself.A./ B.aC.an D.the[例題8]（）Hello,sir.Couldyoushowme______dictionaryonthebookshelf? A.the B.a C.an D./[例題9] （）Myfatheris_________universityteacher.Healwaysworksveryhard.A.a B.an C.the D./[例題10]（）Manycompaniesareplanningtoworkfourdays______weeknowadays. A.a B.anC.theD./[例題11]（）Cathyhasgot______newjobatachildren’shospital. A.a B.an C.theD./[例題12]（）Thisis_______emptybottle.Couldyoushowmeanotherone?A.an B.a C.the D./[例題13]（）Themobilephoneisbecoming______usefultoolforustocommunicatewithothers.A.a B./ C.an D.the[例題14]（）Whatdoyouthinkofresultofyourproject?A.aB.anC.theD./[例題15]（）OurEnglishteacheraskedustowrite______80-wordpassageyesterdayafternoon.A.a B.an C.the D./

知識點三數(shù)詞【掌握目標】高頻考點考試比重掌握情況基數(shù)詞1%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀序數(shù)詞1%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀分數(shù)及不確切的1%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀【知識梳理】基數(shù)詞：1one、2two、3three、4four、5five、6six、7seven、8eight、9nine12twelve、13thirteen、14fourteen、15fifteen、16sixteen、17seventeen18eighteen、19nineteen、20twenty、30thirty、40forty、50fifty、60sixty、70seventy、80eighty、90ninety二、序數(shù)詞：first、second、third、fourth、fifth、sixth、seventh、eighth、ninthtenth、eleventh、twelfth、twentieth、thirtieth、fortieth、fiftiethsixtieth三、分數(shù)的表達方式：分子用基數(shù)詞，分母用序數(shù)詞。分子是one時，分母不必加s；分子大于one時，分母要加s。四、表示不確切的數(shù)字：基數(shù)詞后面直接加上復數(shù)名詞表示精確的數(shù)字，而基數(shù)詞復數(shù)形式加上“of”表示不確切的數(shù)字。fivehundredstudents 500名學生twothousandpeople 2000人fivedozenpencils 5打鉛筆hundredsofstudents 幾百名學生millionsofworkers 成千上萬的工人scoresofchairs 幾十張椅子【典型例題】[例題1]（）______ofthebuildingswereruined.A.ThreefourthB.Threefour C.Three-fourths D.Three-four

[例題2]（）The_______monthoftheyearisFebruary.

A.one

B.first

C.two

D.second[例題3]（）Thebeautifulskirtsareonshowintheshop,Janelikes_______.

A.theninth B.thenineth C.nine

D.ninth

[例題4]（）Ittookme_______tofinishmyhomework.

A.ahalfandtwohour

B.twohourandahalf

C.twoandahalfhour

D.twoandahalfhours

[例題5]（）Decemberisthe_______monthoftheyear.

A.twelve

B.twelveth

C.twelvieth

D.twelfth

[例題6]（）Tombought______forhimselfyesterday.

A.twopairsofshoes

B.twopairofshoe

C.twopairofshoes

D.twopairsshoes

[例題7]（）Thereare_______secondsinaminute.

A.fourty

B.forty

C.sixteen

D.sixty

[例題8]（）LinTaogetsupat______inthemorning.

A.halfpastsix

B.sixpasthalf

C.pasthalfsix

D.halfsixpast

[例題9]（）December______isChristmas.

A.twenty-five

B.thetwenty-fifth

C.thetwentieth-five

D.twentieth-fifth

[例題10]（）Thereare_____starsintheuniverse.

A.millions

B.millionof

C.millionsof

D.million

[例題11]（）Mondayisthe_______dayoftheweek.

A.two

B.second C.three

D.third

[例題12]（）Mr.Blacklefthere_____ago.

A.halfahour

B.halfanhour

C.anhalfhour

D.ahalfhours[例題13]（）Thereare_____studentsintheirschool.

A.ninehundred

B.ninehundreds

C.ninehundredof

D.ninehundredsof

[例題14]（）Thereare_____wordsinthetextofthe_____Lesson.

A.hundredof,Fifth

B.ahundredof,FivethC.hundredsof,Fifth

D.hundredsof,Fiveth

[例題15]（）Wehadlearnedabout_____Englishwordsbytheendoflastterm.

A.ninehundredsandforty-five

B.ninehundredsofandforty-five

C.ninehundredandforty-five

D.ninehundredandfourty-five

知識點四代詞【掌握目標】高頻考點考試比重掌握情況疑問代詞1%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀不定代詞2%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀反身代詞1%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀【知識梳理】一、代詞易錯點1：one，ones，that，those指代前面所提到的名詞，以避免重復。one表示“泛指”，指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；ones表示“泛指”，指代復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞；that指代不可數(shù)名詞或有后置定語的可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)；those指代有后置定語的可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)。二、代詞易錯點2：other，theother，another．others,theothers，therestanother泛指三者以上的“另一個”，theother表示“兩者當中的另一個”，other表示“其他的”，others指“別的一些人或物”，theothers表示“其余所有的人或物”。指代單數(shù)時，若是泛指，用another；若是特指，則用theother。指代復數(shù)時，若是泛指，用other修飾名詞的復數(shù)形式；若是特指，用theother修飾名詞的復數(shù)形式。others不能作定語，表示復數(shù)意義，相當于“other+復數(shù)名詞”；theothers相當于“theother+復數(shù)名詞”。another一般表示單數(shù)，其后接可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式。但若其后有數(shù)詞或few修飾時，則可接復數(shù)名詞。therest表示“剩余部分；其余”，指代可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。三、代詞易錯點3：all,both，either，neither，noneboth，either和neither皆表示兩者，可作主語、賓語和定語，both還可作同位語。表示“兩者都……”用both，“兩者都不……”用neither．“兩者中任意一個……”強調(diào)個體，用either。all和none表示三者或三者以上。all表示全部肯定，而none表示全部否定。all可作主語、賓語、表語、定語和同位語；none可作主語、賓語和同位語，但不能作定語。all作主語時，指人看作復數(shù)，指物看作單數(shù)；none作主語時，看作單復數(shù)皆可。both，all，none作主語同位語時，通常放在行為動詞前面，be動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞的后面。all和both與not連用表示部分否定。四、代詞易錯點4：some／any／no／every+thing／one／bodysome類的詞用于肯定句，any類的詞用于否定和疑問句。

特殊情況：some用語疑問句表示邀請，并且期待得到對方肯定回答。any用于肯定句中表示“任何，任一”something和anything用法同上。五、代詞易錯點5：little和alittle；few和afew(1)little和alittle修飾不可數(shù)名詞，做主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)；few和afew修飾可數(shù)名詞，做主語時謂語動詞用復數(shù)。(2)few,little有異同，分別修飾可數(shù)，不可數(shù)：共有“a”表肯定，其前無“a”表否定?！镜湫屠}】[例題1]（）Tom,Pleasepass________theglasses.Iwanttoreadthenewspapers.A.you

B.me

C.him

D.her[例題2]（）ThedoctorsandnursesaredoingtheirbesttofightSARS.Theythinkmoreofothersthan_______.A.they B.them

C.themselves

D.theirs[例題3]（）-Oh!Icameinahurryandforgottobringfood.–Nevermind.Youcanhave________.A.us

B.ours

C.you

D.yours[例題4]（）-Howareyougoingtoimprove_______thisterm?-Workharderthanlastterm.A.ourselves

B.myself

C.himself

D.yourself[例題5]（）-Couldyoutellme_______sheislookingfor?-Hercousin,Susan.A.that

B.whose

C.who

D.which[例題6]（）Whotaught_______Englishlastterm?Was_____Mr.Smith?A.you;it

B.you;he

C.your;it

D.your;that[例題7]（）Wedecidedtogoforafieldtripwithsomefriendsof_______.A.us

B.our

C.ours

D.ourselves[例題8]（）Youforgotyourdictionary?Youmayhave_______.A.me

B.my

C.mine

D.myself[例題9]（）Thisis______classroom.Whereis_______?A.our;them

B.us;they

C.our;theirs

D.ours;theirs

[例題10]（）Ourmanagerallowed_______totakeaholidaynextweek.A.youandI

B.yourselfandme

C.Iandyou

D.youandme

[例題11]（）Aftereveryonetook_______place,themeetingbegan.A.his

B.their

C.there

D.the[例題12]（）Weshouldalwayskeep______well-informedofthechanginginformation.A.us

B.ours

C.ourselves

D.we[例題13]（）Givethemessageto______isatthetable.A.whomever

B.whosever

C.whatever

D.whoever

[例題14]（）Ifound_______impossiblefor_______toworkoutthemathproblem.A.it;himB.it;he C.that;himD.that;he

[例題15]（）Everyonewhocomestothepartyisgivenawoodenapplewith_____ownnamescutinitasasouvenir.A.his

B.her

C.their

D.our

知識點五介詞和介詞短語【掌握目標】高頻考點考試比重掌握情況介詞的固定搭配1%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀介詞辨析1%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀【知識梳理】一、except/besides用法區(qū)別1.except除掉…，不包括….,表示排除掉某人物,即不包含2.besides除了…還有,表示包含,即“不僅……又……”如：EveryonewenttothePalaceMuseumexceptTom.)(Tom沒有去故宮BesidesChinesehealsostudiedmanyothersubjects.(“漢語”也是他學的功課之一)二、for的用法1.為了Idoitforyou.2.一段時間Ihaven’tseenyouforalongtime.3.因為Iamsorryforhismisfortune.三、to的用法1.給Igivethepresenttoyou.2.對…而言Thepresentisimportanttome.四、with的用法1.由于…withpleasure2.帶有thegirlwithlonghair3.用Icanwritewithapen4.和….一起Wewillgowithyou五、in的用法1.在…(方面)dowellin2.在….時候intheevening3.在….地方inBeijing六、on的用法1.關(guān)于/有關(guān)..abookonhistory2.在….時候onFriday3.在….上onthedesk七、as的用法1.與…一樣Youhavethesameinterestasme.2.as作為/當作...Heworksasawriter.八、from的用法1.來自comefrom2.從….到(to)…tellAfromBfromdoortodoor【典型例題】[例題1]（）MoreandmorepeopleinShanghaiareabletotalkandwriteEnglishthesedays.A.forB.withC.inD.to[例題2]（）MumtodayisMother’sDay.MikeandIwanttoinviteyoutohavedinnerusatShanghaiRestaurant,whichisfamous________itsseafood.A.with,of B.with,forC.for,toD.to,for[例題3]（）WushuisbecomingmoreandmorepopularA.among B.for C.in [例題4]（）A.at B.by C.on [例題5]（）TheforeignersarrivedShanghailatenight.A.at...at B.in...atC.in...in D.at...in[例題6]（）-Howsoonshallwestartthebicycletrip?-.A.Inthreeday’ B.AfterthreedaysC.Inthreedays’time D.Afterthreedays’time[例題7]（）YesterdaymorningTomhurriedtoclasshisschoolbooks,sohehadtoshareMary’s.A.without B.for C.withD.past[例題8]（）-IhaveyouhavegotatickettheOpeningCeremonyoftheBeijingOlympics.-Yes,Igotitmyuncle.A.of,from B.to,by C.to,from D.for,to[例題9]（）I’dlikeacupofcoffeesomesugarandmilk.A.in B.to C.ofD.with[例題10]（）It’snotalwaysnecessarytolookupthewordsthedictionarywhilereading.Sometimesweneedtoguess.A.on B.in C.atD.from[例題11]（）-WhydidyouallgoswimmingTom?-Becausehewasillathome.A.with B.besides C.beside D.except[例題12]（）Afterclass,IlikeplayingcomputergamesandchattingmyfriendstheInternet.A.to,byBwith,onC.for,inD.about,through[例題13]（）Ben’scompositionisalmostperfectseveralspellingmistakes.A.exceptB.exceptforC.besidesD.beside[例題14]（）It’simportantthepianowell.A.ofhimtoplay B.forhimtoplayC.ofhimplaying D.forhimplaying[例題15] （）aplayer,I’mlookingforwardthe2008OlympicGames.A.For,atB.As,toC.With,forD.Of,to知識點六形容詞和副詞【掌握目標】高頻考點考試比重掌握情況副詞詞義辨析1%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀形容詞的比較級和最高級2%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀【知識梳理】一、副詞詞義辨析時間副詞now現(xiàn)在then然后today今天ago以前justnow剛才lastweek上周地點副詞here這兒there那兒home在家where在哪里anywhere任何地方out在外面方式副詞carefully小心地happily高興地slowly慢慢地silently沉默地quietly安靜地bravely勇敢地kindly好心地suddenly突然地程度副詞much很very非常so如此too太enough足夠quite相當almost幾乎疑問副詞where哪里when什么時候why為什么how怎樣頻率副詞often經(jīng)常usually通常sometimes有時never從不always總是評論副詞luckily幸運地generally一般來說honestly誠實地naturally自然地hopefully有希望地briefly簡潔地surely當然frankly坦白連接副詞whenwherewhy二、形容詞的比較級和最高級（一）規(guī)則變化情況構(gòu)成方式原級比較級最高級一般情況加-er或-estnew longnewerlongernewestlongest以-e結(jié)尾加-r或-stfinelatefinerlaterfinestlatest以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞變y為i再加-er或-estearlyhappyearlierhappierearliesthappiest以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞先雙寫輔音字母，再加-er或-esthotthinfathotterthinnerfatterhottestthinnestfattest多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在其前面加more/mostuseful

difficult

delicious

moreusefulmoredifficultmoredeliciousmostuseful

mostdifficult

mostdelicious（二）不規(guī)則變化原級

比較級

最高級good/wellbetterbestbad/ill/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfather/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest【典型例題】[例題1]（）Thereare_______Englishmagazinesinmyschoolbag.Icanlendyouoneortwo.A.few B.little C.afew D.alittle[例題2]（）Mygrandmafeltworseaftertakingsuchmedicine.A.muchmore B.even C.evenmore D.more[例題3]（）Don'tworry.Wendycanlookafteryourbird__________whenyou'reout.A.care B.careful C.careless D.carefully[例題4]（）TheIPadisoneof__________amongtheyoungpeopleallovertheworld.A.themostpopulartabletcomputers B.themostpopulartabletcomputerC.themorepopulartabletcomputers D.themorepopulartabletcomputer[例題5]（）Thecheesecakesmeltso__________thatthekidaskedformore.A.well B.sweet C.awful D.badly[例題6]（）Ofthetwopairsofjeans,Ichose________onebecauseIhadn'tenoughmoneyonme. A.expensive B.moreexpensiveC.thelessexpensive D.themostexpensive[例題7]（）—Linda,passmyglassestome,please.Ican________readthewordsinthenewspaper.—OK.A.hardlyB.nearly C.clearly D.almost[例題8]（）Thestoryinthenewspapersounds________,butwheredidthewomanjournalistgetit?A.wellB.trueC.loudlyD.properly[例題9]（）SinceJenniferis________girlintheclass,youcanfindhereasilyintheclassroom.A.tallB.tallerC.tallestD.thetallest[例題10]（）BothmyhusbandandIthinkitisthemostamusingstorywehave________heard.A.everB.neverC.hardlyD.already[例題11]（）Theyoungmanfellinlovewitha_____girlandtheygotmarriedtwomonthslater.A.lovelyB.happilyC.gentlyD.beautifully[例題12]（）Itishardtosaywhichsubjectis_______thantheothersinthecomingyears. A.useful B.moreusefulC.mostuseful D.themostuseful[例題13]（）Passmyglassestome,Robert.Icanseethewordsinthenewspaper.A.clearlyB.politelyC.easilyD.hardly[例題14]（）Whichlanguageistolearn,English,French,orChinese? A.DifficultB.moredifficultC.thedifficultD.themostdifficult[例題15]（）Idon’tliketheweatherinFebruarythisyearbecausetherewere________rainydays.A.much B.few C.many D.little知識點七連詞【掌握目標】高頻考點考試比重掌握情況并列連詞1%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀從屬連詞2%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀【知識梳理】一、連詞的分類連詞是連接單詞、短語或句子的一種虛詞，起輔助作用，在句子中不單獨作成分。根據(jù)在句子中所起的作用不同，連詞通常分為并列連詞和從屬連詞。并列連詞用來連接屬于同一層次并具有同等句法功能的詞、短語或句子；而從屬連詞用來連接不同層次，帶有主從關(guān)系的詞、短語或句子。二、并列連詞并列連詞詞義例句and和，又，及Heislaughingandtalking.but但是，可是Heispoor,buthonest.or或者Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?so因此，所以Hewasill,sohecouldn’tgotoschoolyesterday.both…and…兩者都Bothyouandsheareright.notonly…butalso…不但……而且……Notonlyyoubutalsoeveryoneherelikeswatchingfootballmatch.either…or…或者……或者……EitherheorIamright.neither…nor…既不……也不……NeitherthetwinsnorLiLeihasbeentoShanghai.三、從屬連詞分類連詞詞義例句表示時間when當……時Thestudentsweretalkingwhentheteachercamein.while當……時IwasdoingmyhomeworkwhilemyfatherwaswatchingTV.after在……之后I’llgotoplayfootballafterIfinishmyhomework.before在……之前Pleaseturnoffthelightbeforeyouleavetheroom.till,until直到……為止I’llwaittill/untilhearrives.不到……不Shewon’tgethometill/untilitgetsdark.assoonas一……就I’llcallyouassoonasIgettoBeijing.since自從……Hehaslivedheresince1980.表示條件if如果We’llgoforapicnicifitdoesn’train.unless除非，如果不TheywillhaveapicnicunlessitrainsnextSunday.表示原因because因為Hedidn’tcomebecausehewasill.since既然Sincewehavegotreadyforit,let’ssetoff.as因為AsI’mnotathome,pleaseleaveamessage.表示目的sothat以便于Hegotupearlysothathecouldgetthereintime.inorderthat為了Heworkshardinorderthathecangotoagoodcollege.表示結(jié)果so…that如此……以至于……Theboxissoheavythatwecan’tcarryit.such…that如此……以至于……Itissuchaheavyboxthatnobodycanmoveitaway.表示讓步though/although雖然Heoftenhelpsothersalthoughheisnotrich.表示比較as像……一樣Doasyoulike.as…as…和……一樣HeranasfastasMike.notas…as不及……Itisn’taseasyasyouthink.than比……ShejumpedhigherthanRose.【典型例題】[例題1]（）﹣_______Jim_______Tomwenttowatchthemovie．﹣Whatapity!Theymissedsuchawonderfulmovie．A．Either；or B．Both；and C．Neither；nor D．Notonly；butalso[例題2]（）﹣Imustgohome．﹣Ifyoumust，atleastwait______therainstops．A．Since B．a(chǎn)s C．till D．when[例題3]（）Idon'twantthatT﹣shirt_____it'stoobigforme．A．but B．because C．So D．a(chǎn)nd[例題4]（）﹣Kate'sdadisgettingolder.Shewillgobacktoseehimitisconvenient．﹣Everyoneshoulddothat．A．because B．a(chǎn)lthough C．whenever D．unless[例題5]（）Lucydoesn'teatice﹣cream_________shedoesn'twanttobefat．A．a(chǎn)fter B．but C．because D．a(chǎn)nd[例題6]（）Mymotherwascooking________Ilefthome.A．when B．while C．until D．a(chǎn)ssoonas[例題7]（）Behelpfultoothers，______youcangethelpfromothers．A．but B．until C．a(chǎn)nd D．or[例題8]（）InSeattle，itrainsalot，____bringanumbrellawhenyougothere．A．for B．or C．but D．so[例題9]（）Mylittlesisterdoesn'tlikemeat________vegetables．A．or B．but C．a(chǎn)nd D．/[例題10]（）﹣Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?﹣No,thanks．________I'dlikesomethingtodrink．A．If B．And C.But D．/[例題11]（）﹣Julie，youknowicecreamisunhealthyfood．﹣Yes，Mom，________Ijustlikeit．A．so B．a(chǎn)nd C．but D．or[例題12]（）WangLingotgoodgradesintheexams______herhardworklastterm．A．before B．Without C．a(chǎn)cross D．through[例題13]（）﹣______youtakeacloselookatwildanimals，youwon'tknowhowmuchdangertheywillface．﹣Weshouldacttogethertoprotectwildanimals．A．Though B．If C．Because D．Unless[例題14]（）Dogsaregoodpets，________Idonotlikeitwhentheyleavehairallover．A．or B．but C．a(chǎn)nd D．so[例題15]（）Jennywon'tbeallowedtoenterthetheatre_________shehasaticket．A．if B．since C．unless D．a(chǎn)lthough知識點八動詞和動詞短語【掌握目標】高頻考點考試比重掌握情況實義動詞2%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀系動詞及助動詞1%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀動詞短語2%□一般□良好□優(yōu)秀【知識梳理】一、實義動詞實義動詞是能獨立作謂語的動詞,又可稱為行為動詞,如work,study,run等。按其句法作用分為及物動詞和不及物動詞。（一）及物動詞及物動詞本身意義不完整，后面要跟一個名詞或代詞等作賓語才能使其意思完整。1.動詞+賓語。DickiswatchingTV.迪克正在看電視。2.動詞+賓語+賓補。WecallherLinda.我們叫她琳達。3.動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語。Myfriendoftengivesmesomeoldbooks.我的朋友經(jīng)常給我一些舊書。（二）不及物動詞不及物動詞自身意思完整，無需接賓語。后接賓語時,必須先加介詞、副詞等,使其變成及物的動詞短語。Hedoesn’tagree.他不同意。Sheislookingatthepicture.她正在看照片。二、系動詞分類定義常見詞例子系動詞本身有意義，但不能單獨作謂語，須和表語構(gòu)成謂語。常見的系動詞有：become(變得),get(成為，變得),look(看上去),seem(似乎，好像)Themountainlookssobeautiful.這座山看起來真漂亮。這些詞沒有被動語態(tài)形式，也不用于進行時態(tài)。turn(變得),sound(聽起來),smell(聞起來),taste(嘗起來),feel(感覺),keep(保持)等。Itsoundsgreat！聽起來很棒！三、助動詞分類定義常見詞例子助動詞助動詞本身無詞義或意義不完整，不能單獨用作謂語。它必須和別的動詞連用。常用的助動詞有：is,am,are,was,were,isn't,aren't,wasn't,weren't,amnot,do,doesTomisreadingabookunderthetree.湯姆正在樹下看書。助動詞幫助構(gòu)成各種時態(tài)、語態(tài)、否定句和疑問句等結(jié)構(gòu)。did,doesn't,don't,didn't,will,won't,have,has,haven't,hasn't等。WhatdidyoudolastSaturday?上星期六你做了什么？四、動詞短語以動詞為中心構(gòu)成的短語稱為動詞短語。1.動詞+介詞。這類短語相當于及物動詞,其后必須有賓語,賓語(不管是代詞還是名詞)只能放在介詞后。在被動語態(tài)中,整個短語要作為整體看待,不可拆開或漏缺。Listentothemusic.聽音樂。Listentomecarefully.仔細聽我講。2.動詞+副詞。接代詞作賓語時,代詞必須放在動詞后、副詞前;當賓語是名詞時,放在副詞前后均可。Hepickeditupandgaveittoher.他把它撿起來并遞給了她。Heturnedonthelight.他打開了燈。3.動詞+副詞+介詞。賓語只能放在介詞之后。Theywentonwiththeworkafterashortrest.短暫休息后他們繼續(xù)工作。4.動詞+名詞+介詞。這類短語中的名詞前可以加形容詞作定語,其后的賓語只能放在介詞之后。Pleasepaymoreattentiontothisproblem!請多加注意這個問題!5.動詞+反身代詞(+介詞)。這類短語相當于及物動詞,其后可接賓語。Helpyourselftothefruit.請隨便吃點水果吧。【典型例題】[例題1]（）﹣Threehundredyuancanfully______amiddlestudent'sneedsinaweek．﹣It'strue．A．win B．cover C．choose D．expect[例題2]（）﹣Kateisreallyapolitegirl．﹣Yes．Shealways______well．A．learns B．educates C．behaves D．develops[例題3]（）﹣Dad，where'smytoycat？Canyouhelpme______it?﹣It'sinyourschoolbag．A．guess B．try C．find D．look[例題4]（）Yournewwatch_________verynice．A．looks B．sounds C．sees D．listens[例題5]（）﹣WholikesP．E.?﹣Dale________.A．is B．do C．does D．can[例題6]（）﹣Whenwillyoufinish______computergames?﹣At9：30.A．playing B．plays C．play D．toplay[例題7]（）Manypeoplelikethissongbecauseit______people'shearts．A．touches B．serves C．fills D．covers[例題8]（）Don'tbeangry______him．Hehasalreadytriedhisbest．A．with B．for C．of D．in[例題9]（）Wehavetotakeactionimmediatelytopreventthesituation________gettingw