2023年小學(xué)六年級小升初總復(fù)習(xí)資料

一、名詞（名詞分可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞）

可數(shù)名詞：

1）單數(shù)（表達(dá)一種人或事物）；

?一般在前面加a；

以元音開頭的I單詞前用an:（元音字母有Aa,Ee,li,Oo,Uu）anappleanEnglishbook

特殊t己：anhourauniversitystudent

2）復(fù)數(shù)（表達(dá)多于一種的人或數(shù)）。

名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成

形式變化規(guī)則例詞

一般狀況+Sbooks,cups,cats

dogs,birds,arms

days,players

以-s,-sh,-ch,-x結(jié)尾+esbuses,boxes,watches

大多數(shù)以-。結(jié)尾的名詞+estomatoes,potatoes

少多數(shù)以-。結(jié)尾日勺名詞+spianos,photos,zoos

以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾把y改成i再加escities,libraries

以f和fe結(jié)尾的大多數(shù)名詞把f或fe改成v再加esknives,leaves

不規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)

1.man-men,woman-women,policeman-policewomen,tooth-teeth,foot-feet,child-children

2.有些名詞的I復(fù)數(shù)形式與單數(shù)的I形式同樣：sheep,deer,fish,people

不可數(shù)名詞（沒有復(fù)數(shù)，前面不加a/an）:

如，hair,rice,bread,milk,water,tea,money,medicine,beef

名詞所有格的形式：

單數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加'smother'sMike's

以-s結(jié)尾的I復(fù)數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加，girls'students9

不以-s結(jié)尾時復(fù)數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加飛children'smens

、人稱代詞

人稱代詞物主代詞

單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)

主格賓格主格賓格形容詞性名詞性形容詞性名詞性

第一人稱ImeweUSmymineourours

第二人稱youyouyouyouyouryoursyouryours

hehimhishis

第三人稱shehertheythemherherstheirtheirs

itititsits

三、動詞

動詞重要表達(dá)動作，小學(xué)的）動詞重要有：實義動詞、be動詞、情態(tài)動詞can等。

注意：be動詞及J使用方法：I跟am,you/we/they跟are,is連著he/she/it,單數(shù)is,復(fù)數(shù)都用are。

動詞的基本形式

原形第三人稱單數(shù)過去式目前分詞

learnlearnslearnedlearning

studystudiesstudiedstudying

dodoesdiddoing

gogoeswentgoing

runrunsranrunning

swimswimsswamswimming

havehashadhaving

三人稱單數(shù)目前式

狀況變化規(guī)則例詞

一般狀況+Sworks,learns,says

passes,washes,teaches,goes,

結(jié)尾為s,x,sh,ch,o+eswatches

結(jié)尾為輔音字母+y變y為i+esstudies,flies

動詞的過去式

加ed以e結(jié)尾，加以輔音字母加y結(jié)以重讀閉音節(jié)

ed尾，先變y為i再加結(jié)尾而末尾只特殊

ed有一種輔音字

母的1動詞

lookedlikedstudiedstopped,make-madesing-sangfly-flewwin-won

washedlivedplannedbuy-boughttake-tookeat-atesee-saw

passedget-gotam/is-wasare-wereleave-left

目前分詞

狀況變化規(guī)則例詞

+ingdoing,asking

一般狀況

去e力口inghaving,taking,writing,living

以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動詞

雙寫最終一種輔音字getting,setting,putting,sitting,planning

以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾而末尾只母，再加ing

有一種輔音字母的動詞

動詞的時態(tài)

動詞時態(tài)是表達(dá)時間和表達(dá)方式的一種動詞形式。

小學(xué)階段所學(xué)的時態(tài)有：

1.一般目前時：work/works

2.目前進(jìn)行時：am/is/areworking

3.一般過去時：worked

4.一般未來時：am/is/aregoingtowork

1.一般目前時

一般表達(dá)常常發(fā)生時或習(xí)慣性的動作或目前的狀態(tài)(構(gòu)造：動詞用原形或三人稱單數(shù))。

常與時間副詞連用：sometimes,always,often,usually,every*(day,weekend,month,year),onSundays,onthe

weekend等。

基本構(gòu)造

肯定句否認(rèn)句一般疑問句

Iwork.Idon'twork.DoIwork?

Wework.Wedon'twork.Dowework?

Youwork.Youdon'twork.Doyouwork?

Theywork.Theydon'twork.Dotheywork?

SheSheshe

Heworks.Hedoesn'twork.Doeshework?

ItItit

特殊疑問句：Whatdoyouusuallydo?

2.目前進(jìn)行時

一般表達(dá)說話時或現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行著的I動作（構(gòu)造:am/is/are+動詞ing）。

常見的I與目前進(jìn)行時有關(guān)的I詞有:now,look,listen等。

基本構(gòu)造

肯定句否認(rèn)句一般疑問句

Iamworking.I'mnotworking.AmIworking?

Weareworking.We'renotworking.Areweworking?

Youareworking.Youaren'tworking.Areyouworking?

Theyareworking.Theyaren'tworking.Aretheyworking?

SheSheshe

Heisworking.Heisn'tworking.Isheworking?

ItItit

特殊疑問句:Whatareyoudoingnow?

3.一般過去時

一般表達(dá)過去某一時間所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。（構(gòu)造：動詞用過去式）。

常與表達(dá)過去的J時間狀語連用：yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,last***（day,weekend,month,year,night,

Sunday）in1998等。

基本構(gòu)造

肯定句否認(rèn)句一般疑問句

Iworked.Ididn'twork.DidIwork?

Weworked.Wedidn'twork.Didwework?

Youworked.Youdidn'twork.Didyouwork?

Theyworked.Theydidn'twork.Didtheywork?

SheSheshe

Heworked.Hedidn'twork.Didhework?

ItItit

特殊疑問句：Whatdidyoudoyesterday?

4.一般未來時(構(gòu)造:am/is/are+goingto+動詞原形或者will+動詞原形)

表達(dá)未來發(fā)生的動作或狀況。

常與某些表達(dá)未來的I時間狀語連用：tomorrow,next…(weekend,month,year),thedayaftertomorrow

Begoingtodo表達(dá)主體目前打算在近來或未來要做某事；也可以表達(dá)“預(yù)見”，即目前已經(jīng)有跡象表明將

要發(fā)生或即將發(fā)生某種狀況。

基本構(gòu)造

肯定句否認(rèn)句一般疑問句

Pmgoingtowork.I'mnotgoingtowork.AmIgoingtowork?

We'regoingtowork.Wearen'tgoingtowork.Arewegoingtowork?

You'regoingtowork.Youaren'tgoingtowork.Areyougoingtowork?

They'regoingtowork.Theyaren'tgoingtowork.Aretheygoingtowork?

SheSheshe

HeisgoingtoHeisn'tgoingtowork.Ishegoingtowork?

work.Itit

It

You'regoingtowork.Youaren'tgoingtowork.Areyougoingtowork?

特殊疑問句：Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?/whatwillyoudonextweek?

情態(tài)動詞can的使用方法:

基本構(gòu)造

肯定句否認(rèn)句一般疑問句

Icanswim.Ican'tswim.CanIswim?

Wecanswim.Wecan'tswim.Canweswim?

Youcanswim.Youcan'tswim.Canyouswim?

Theycanswim.Theycan'tswim.Cantheyswim?

SheSheshe

Hecanswim.Hecan'tswim.Canheswim?

ItItit

特殊疑問句：Whatcanyoudo?

四、數(shù)詞

1.表達(dá)數(shù)目的詞稱為基數(shù)詞

1—12的基數(shù)詞：

one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve

13—19的基數(shù)詞:

thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen

20—90的基數(shù)詞：

twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety

21—29日勺基數(shù)：

twenty-one,twenty-two,twenty-three,twenty-four,twenty-five,

twenty-six,twenty-seven,twenty-eight,twenty-nine

thirty-nine,forty-eight,fifty-seven....

百位數(shù)：

onehundred,twohundred,threehundred,fourhundred...

fivehundredandeight-six,sixhundredandninety-nine,

sevenhundredandeight,eighthundredandone

千位數(shù)：

onethousand,fourthousand,seventhousandonehundredandfive

2.表達(dá)數(shù)目次序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞

英語序數(shù)詞第1-19除了first,second與third有特殊形式外，其他的I都由基數(shù)詞加后綴-th構(gòu)成。

注意：fifth,eighth,ninth和twelfth的拼法特殊。

2.十位數(shù)時序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成措施是：先把十位數(shù)的基數(shù)詞的詞尾ty中的y變?yōu)閕,然后加后綴-eth,如:

twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth

五、介詞

方位介詞

in,on,at,under,to,over,behind,beside,near,before,infrontof,nextto,between

時間介詞

in,on,at,after（….之后），before,from...to,past,between（….之間）

其他

of,by（.…交通方式）,with（和）,into,outoff,for,about（有關(guān)）,

in十月份/季節(jié)/年份如：inMay,inspring,in,inthemorning/afternoon/evening

in+地點如：intheparkinShanghai

on+星期/日期等詳細(xì)時間如：onMondayinOctober22nd

at+詳細(xì)時刻或地點如：at9:00athome

六、形容詞和副詞

形容詞和副詞的比較級

狀況比較級最高級

+er,如：taller,longer+est,如：tallest,longest

一般狀況

+r,如：larger+st,如：largest

以e結(jié)尾

雙寫最終一種字母再+er,如:雙寫最終一種字母，再+est,

bigger,fatter,hotter,thinner如：biggest,fattest,hottest,

以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞

thinnest

把y改為i再+er,如：busier,把y改為i再+est,如:busiest,

以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞earlier,happier,funnierearliest,happiest,funniest

不規(guī)則的詞：good/wellbetterbest

many/muchmoremost

farfartherfarthest

比較級的使用方法

如:HelenistallerthanLucy.

Heisthinnerthanme.

Myhandsarebiggnrthanyours.

Jimisastallashisfather.（Jim和他父親同樣高。）

LitterWaterDropgoeshigherandhigher.（小水滴越飛越高。）

Thehigherthemountainis,thethinnertheairis.（山越高，空氣就越稀?。?/p>

最高級的使用方法：

Whichdoyoulikebest,basketball,volleyball,orfootball?籃球，排球，足球，你最喜歡哪一種？

Whoisoldestofthethreeboys?（三個男孩，誰最老？）

七.Therebe的構(gòu)造

Therebe表達(dá)“某處有某物”，

肯定句：Thereis/wasa

Thereare/were...

一般疑問句：Is/Wasthere...?

Yes,thereis/was.No,thereisn't/was.

Arethere...?

Yes,thereare/were.

No,therearen't/weren't.

否認(rèn)句：Thereisnt/wasn't….

Therearen5t/weren5t....

l.Some和any

一般狀況下，some用于肯定句中，any用于否認(rèn)句和疑問句中。如:

Thereissomemilkinthebottle.

Therearen'tanypicturesonthewall.

Isthereanythingnewintoday'snewspaper?

2.Be動詞與背面所跟名詞時就近原則：

Thereisapenandtwopencilsinthebox.

Therearesomestudentsandateacherintheclassroom.

1)3.特殊疑問句：

2)Whafsinthebasket?

Therearesomeeggsinit.

2)Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?

Therearefiftystudents.

1.八.“Wh”時疑問句

2.What----1)Whafsthis/that?2)Whafsyourname?

3)Whatareyoudoing?4)Whatdoyoulike?

5)Whatdidyoudo?6)Whatdoeshe/shedo?

7)Whatdoyouusuallydoontheweekends?

8)Whatareyougoingtodo?

9)Whatcolourisit?

10)Whafstheweatherlike?

11)Whattimeisit?Whafsthetime?

12)Whatdayisittoday?Whafsthedate?

13)Whatwouldyoulike?13)Whatcanyousee?

14)Whatsubjectsdoyouhavethisterm?

15)Whatlessonsdoyouhaveinthemorning?

How------1)Howareyou?

2)Howoldareyou?

3)Howdowegotothepark?

4)Howmanyapplescanyousee?

5)Howmucharethey?

6)Howabout...?

7)Howfarisitfromhere?