2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語單元素能自測1Unit1Laughoutloud含解析外研版選擇性必修第一冊

單元素能自測Ⅰ.完形填空AsachildIoncereadanarticleaboutthePacificCrestTrail(太平洋屋脊步道)inNationalGeographic.Itwasa__1__oftwomenwhowalked2,650milesfromMexicotoCanadawithhugepacks.Itcaughtmyeye,asI,too,__2__adventuresinthewilderness.I'vealwaysrememberedthatstory,butneverbelievedIwouldactually__3__it.Itwastoofaroutofmycomfortzone.Butthen,attheageof42,Ihikedthe88TemplesTrailthroughJapan.There,Iexperiencedhow__4__itcouldbetohikealone.What__5__memostwerethefantasticmountains,grandtemplesandgenerouslocalpeople.And__6__,Imanagedtocompletethetrailinsixweekswithoutanysevereinjuries.Forthefirsttime,I__7__thatIcouldachievemydreamoftravellingaroundAmericaoneday.WhenIsharedmyplanwithfriendsandcolleagues,thenewswaswelcomedwith__8__reactions.FromsomeIgotenthusiastic__9__.Butfromotherstherewerefrownsandquestionmarks.Halfayearawayfrommyfamilywasa__10__forme.Yetitwouldn'tdefeatme.Afterall,sixmonthsis__11__ashortperiodinalifetime.Afterhavingworkedhardfor20yearsinshinyofficebuildings,Ifelttheneedformore__12__inmylife.Ihopedto__13__andlookwithin,aswellasexploretheunfamiliarthings.IunderstoodthatIneededthemboth.__14__JohnMuironceputit,“Keepcloseto__15__...andclimbamountainorspendaweekinthewoods.Washyourspiritclean.”這是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了作者在他人的故事的鼓舞下，追尋自己的幻想，在42歲的時(shí)候，徒步穿越了日本的88座寺廟。對于這個(gè)安排，作者的摯友和同事看法不一，但是作者始終覺得生活須要更多的冒險(xiǎn)。1．A.news B．reportC．story D．photo答案：C解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個(gè)關(guān)于兩個(gè)男人背著巨大的背包從墨西哥走了2650英里到加拿大的故事。A.news新聞；B.report報(bào)告；C.story故事；D.photo照片。結(jié)合下文I'vealwaysrememberedthatstory可知是一個(gè)關(guān)于兩個(gè)男人背著巨大的背包從墨西哥走了2650英里到加拿大的故事。故選C。2．A.knewof B．dreamedofC．heardabout D．worriedabout答案：B解析：考查短語動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：它引起了我的留意，因?yàn)槲乙不孟胫谝巴馓诫U(xiǎn)。A.knewof了解；B.dreamedof幻想；C.heardabout聽說；D.worriedabout擔(dān)憂。結(jié)合下文adventuresinthewilderness可知故事引起了作者的留意，因?yàn)樽髡咭不孟胫巴馓诫U(xiǎn)。故選B。3．A.make B．ignoreC．a(chǎn)ppreciate D．reject答案：A解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我始終記得那個(gè)故事，但從未信任我會真的做到。A.make制作；B.ignore忽視；C.appreciate觀賞，感謝；D.reject拒絕。結(jié)合下文Butthen,attheageof42,Ihikedthe88TemplesTrailthroughJapan.可知作者做到了親自去進(jìn)行探險(xiǎn)，短語makeit“勝利；達(dá)到預(yù)定目標(biāo)”。故選A。4．A.dull B．difficultC．a(chǎn)ttractive D．crazy答案：C解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那里，我體驗(yàn)了獨(dú)自徒步旅行是多么有吸引力。A.dull乏味的；B.difficult困難的；C.attractive吸引人的；D.crazy瘋狂的。結(jié)合后文的表述thefantasticmountains,grandtemplesandgenerouslocalpeople.可知作者覺得獨(dú)自徒步旅行很有吸引力。故選C。5．A.confused B．shockedC．a(chǎn)ffected D．impressed答案：D解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：給我印象最深刻的是奇異的山脈、雄偉的寺廟和慷慨的當(dāng)?shù)厝恕.confused困惑；B.shocked震驚；C.affected影響；D.impressed給……留下深刻印象。結(jié)合下文mostwerethefantasticmountains,grandtemplesandgenerouslocalpeople.可知奇異的山脈、雄偉的寺廟和慷慨的當(dāng)?shù)厝私o作者留下了深刻印象。故選D。6．A.tomyregret B．tomysurpriseC．tomysadness D．tomydisappointment答案：B解析：考查短語辨析。句意：令我驚異的是，我在六周內(nèi)完成了全程，沒有任何嚴(yán)峻的傷病。A.tomyregret令我懊悔的是；B.tomysurprise令我驚異的是；C.tomysadness令我哀痛的是；D.tomydisappointment讓我悲觀的是。結(jié)合下文Imanagedtocompletethetrailinsixweekswithoutanysevereinjuries.可知作者在六周內(nèi)就完成了全程還沒有任何嚴(yán)峻的傷病，這讓作者為自己的實(shí)力感到驚異，故選B。7．A.denied B．pretendedC．realized D．promised答案：C解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第一次，我意識到我可以在某一天實(shí)現(xiàn)我環(huán)游美國的幻想。A.denied拒絕；B.pretended假裝；C.realized意識到；D.promised承諾。上文作者驚異于自己在六周內(nèi)就能完成全程，從而意識到自己有實(shí)現(xiàn)自己幻想的實(shí)力。故選C。8．A.mixed B．positiveC．doubtful D．strange答案：A解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我與摯友和同事共享我的安排時(shí)，他們對這個(gè)消息反應(yīng)混雜不一。A.mixed混雜的；B.positive主動(dòng)的；C.doubtful懷疑的；D.strange生疏的。結(jié)合下文FromsomeIgotenthusiastic...Butfromotherstherewerefrownsandquestionmarks.可知作者的摯友和同事有的支持有的質(zhì)疑，對作者的反應(yīng)混雜不一。故選A。9．A.promise B．a(chǎn)ssistanceC．devotion D．a(chǎn)pproval答案：D解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從一些人那里，我得到了熱忱的支持。A.promise承諾；B.assistance救濟(jì)；C.devotion奉獻(xiàn)；D.approval支持。結(jié)合上文Igotenthusiastic可知有的人對作者表示支持。故選D。10．A.relief B．challengeC．delight D．comfort答案：B解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：離家半年對我來說是一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)。A.relief減輕；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.delight興奮；Dfort勸慰。結(jié)合下文Yetitwouldn'tdefeatme.可推知離家半年對作者來說是一次挑戰(zhàn)。故選B。11．A.finally B．hardlyC．quickly D．simply答案：D解析：考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：終歸，六個(gè)月只是人生中很短的一段時(shí)間。A.finally最終；B.hardly幾乎不；C.quickly快地；D.simply簡潔地，只是。結(jié)合上下文可知作者認(rèn)為離家半年并不會戰(zhàn)勝自己，因?yàn)榻K歸六個(gè)月只是一生中很短的一段時(shí)間。故選D。12．A.adventure B．braveryC．safety D．knowledge答案：A解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在光鮮亮麗的辦公樓里辛勤工作了20年后，我覺得我的生活須要更多的冒險(xiǎn)。A.adventure冒險(xiǎn)；B.bravery英勇；C.safety平安；D.knowledge學(xué)問。結(jié)合下文exploretheunfamiliarthings可知作者認(rèn)為自己的生活須要更多的冒險(xiǎn)。故選A。13．A.speedup B．standbyC．slowdown D．dropout答案：C解析：考查短語動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我希望放慢腳步，向內(nèi)看，同時(shí)探究那些不熟識的東西。A.speedup加速；B.standby打算，支持；C.slowdown減速，放慢速度；D.dropout退學(xué)。依據(jù)下文andlookwithin,aswellasexploretheunfamiliarthings.可知作者想要向內(nèi)看，同時(shí)探究那些不熟識的東西，因此是指希望放慢腳步，故選C。14．A.When B．AsC．If D．Unless答案：B解析：考查連詞辨析。句意：正如JohnMuir所言：“親近大自然……去爬山或者在樹林里待上一周。洗凈你的靈魂?！盇.When當(dāng)……時(shí)候；B.As正如；C.If假如；D.Unless除非。此處為方式狀語從句，表示“正如”，故選B。15．A.forest B．desertC．nature D．valley答案：C解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：正如JohnMuir所言：“親近大自然……去爬山或者在樹林里待上一周。洗凈你的靈魂。”A.forest森林；B.desert沙漠；C.nature大自然；D.valley山谷。結(jié)合下文climbamountainorspendaweekinthewoods可知是指要親近大自然。故選C。Ⅱ.閱讀理解Englishisfullofcolorfulphrasestodescribeshyness.Someoneshymightbecalledshrinkingvioletorawallflower,whileforespeciallynervoustypeswehavethecuriousexpression:theywouldn'tsaybootoagoose.Noneofthesearetraditionallyseenaspositivedescriptions,evenifyoulikegeese.Inacultureofgo-getting,highachievers,shypeopledon'tcomefirst.Orthat'swhattheself-helpindustrywouldhaveyoubelieve.Bookshopsarefilledwithvitaltomes(巨著)thatpromisetohelpbeatsocialfearsandfindsuccessinlife,loveandbusiness.Thatiswhyonebook,ShrinkingViolets:AFieldGuidetoShyness,bucks_the_trend.ItbecameasuddensuccessacrossEnglish-languagemediarecentlyforitsnewtake-onshyness.AuthorJoeMoransaysthatdespitestrugglingwithshynessandlongingforlonelinessallhislife,beingshycanalsobe“agift”.Freedfromtheconstanturgetoparticipateandcompeteinsocialsituations,peopleareliberatedtolookattheworldinnewways,andgainfreshinsights.Indeed,manyoftheworld'sgreatthinkersandartistsareintroverts(內(nèi)向的人).ScientistsCharlesDarwinandAlbertEinsteinpreferredtheirowncompany;actressKeiraKnightleyoftenfindsherselftongue-tiedatparties;andHarryPotterauthorJKRowlingclaimssheusedtobetoonervoustoevenborrowapen.MorantoldBBCFuture:“Ithinkshynessprobablydoesturnyouintoanamateuranthropologist(人類學(xué)家)really—youaremorelikelytobeanobserver.”So,whileextrovertsmakeallthenoise,theydon'tnecessarilyhavethebestideas.Ifyou'reshy,you'veprobablyknownthisforalongtime.Youjustdon'tshoutaboutit.作者通過暢銷書和大量實(shí)例說明羞澀不肯定是壞事，它和勝利沒有必定聯(lián)系。羞澀是洞察世界的一種新方式。1．Whensomeoneisbeingcalledawallflower,heisbeing________.A．praisedforhisgrace B．a(chǎn)dmiredforhischaracterC．laughedatforhisshyness D．toldoffforhisnervousness答案：C解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段Someoneshymightbecalledshrinkingvioletorawallflower和其次段Noneofthesearetraditionallyseenaspositivedescriptions可知，被稱為shrinkingviolet或wallflower都不是主動(dòng)的褒義的稱謂，是別人在訕笑自己的羞澀，故選C。2．Theunderlinedphrase“bucksthetrend”inParagraph2probablymeans“________”．A．goingagainstthetrendandsucceedsB．changingthepublicideacompletelyC．becomingunpopularandunacceptedD．becomingthemajorconcernofpeople答案：A解析：詞義揣測題。上句Bookshopsarefilledwithvitaltomes(巨著)thatpromisetohelpbeatsocialfearsandfindsuccessinlife,loveandbusiness.可知，書店暢銷的都是幫助克服恐驚，在生活、愛和商業(yè)方面勝利的巨著。下句Itbecameasuddensuccess說明ShrinkingViolets:AFieldGuidetoShyness這本書與暢銷書內(nèi)容不同，卻很勝利。所以畫線詞語“bucksthetrend”指與社會潮流相違反卻很勝利，故選A。3．Theauthormentionedmanyfamousshypeopleinorderto________.A．pointouttheharmshynessbringsB．disconnectshynessandsuccessC．showsthereasonsforshynessD．proveshynesscontributestoscience答案：B解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段Indeed,manyoftheworld'sgreatthinkersandartistsareintroverts(內(nèi)向的人)．和下面列舉的CharlesDarwin,AlbertEinstein,KeiraKnightley和JKRowling幾個(gè)勝利人士曾經(jīng)也很羞澀的例子，目的是說明勝利和羞澀沒有必定的聯(lián)系，故選B。4．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsshyness?A．Opposed. B．Indifferent.C．Supportive. D．Critical.答案：C解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段ShrinkingViolets:AFieldGuidetoShyness,bucks_the_trend.Itbecameasuddensuccess可知，這本書很勝利。第三段beingshycanalsobe“agift”，peopleareliberatedtolookattheworldinnewways,andgainfreshinsights.可知，羞澀是看世界的一種新方式。第四段Indeed,manyoftheworld'sgreatthinkersandartistsareintroverts(內(nèi)向的人)．可知，很多羞澀的人很勝利。最終一段內(nèi)向和外向進(jìn)行了對比。由此可知作者對羞澀不是反對和指責(zé)，而是支持和贊成。故選C。Ⅲ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。OncetherewasalittlegirlnamedEmily.Althoughhersingingwasverypleasanttohear,lackingofcourage,sheneverdaredtosinginfrontofstrangers.Onesummer,theneighborhoodwhereshelivedwouldholdasingingcompetition.Herbestfriend,Lucy,cametoinvitehertoparticipateinthecompetition,butEmilysaid,“I'mafraidtotakepartinit.”Hermothersaid,“it'sokay,justdoitbravely.”Emilyfollowedhermama'sadviceanddecidedtogiveherselfatry.Thedaycame.EmilyandLucywenttothecompetitionsite.Butshewastootimid(膽小的)towalkedontothestage.Shehadbeenwaitinguntilothersfinishedsinging.Sheshakily(顫抖地)forcedherselftostandonthestage.Shestartedtosing,buthervoicewassolow.What'sworse,shewassonervousthatsheforgetthelyrics(歌詞)aftersingingafewwords.Beinglaughedatbyothers,embarrassedandshy,sheranawayfromthestage.Somenaughtyboysranafterherandsaid,“Emily,coward(膽小鬼)!Emily,coward！”Emilydidn'targuewiththem.Whatshewantedwastogobackhomeasquicklyasshecould.Finally,sherushedintothehouse,huggedhermomandcriedsadly.“Well,mypoorgirl.Don'tcry.Tellmewhathappenedtoyou.”askedhermom.Emilylookedupathermotherandtoldherwhatshehadexperienced.Listeningtoher,hermomcuppedherfaceandsaid,“itdoesn'tmatter,girl.Aslongasyoupracticesingingmoreinfrontofstrangers,youwillbecomebraverlittlebylittle.So,mygirl,don'tbebeatenbyafailure.Youcangoouttopracticesingingeveryday.Nomatterwhoislisteningtoyou,goonsingingandneverstop.Ibelievetherewillbeaharves