江蘇省連云港市高二下學(xué)期6月期末英語試題

連云港市20222023學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期末考試高二英語試題(試題滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題15分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthemandislikeabouttheroom?A.Thewall.B.Thepainting.C.Thecarpet.2.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Goshopping.B.Makecakes.C.Cooklunch.3.Whydoesthewomanrefusetogodancingtonight?A.Shedoesn’tlikedancing.B.Sheplanstogetupearlytomorrow.C.Shewantstovisithergrandmathen.4.Whatwastheproblemwiththewoman’scar?A.Itbrokedown.B.Itwentmissing.C.Itranoutofoil.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Acity.B.Theweather.C.Aforecaster.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidthemandolastmonth?A.Hewenttoanightschool.B.HetravelledaroundDetroit.C.Heattendedasalesconference.7.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inagym.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inanoffice.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdidthemandobeforehemetthewoman?A.Hehadadrink.B.Hefocusedonhiswork.C.Helookedforhisphone.9.Whatdidthewomanplainabout?A.ThemanwasdrunkBThemeetingwastoolong.C.Themankeptherwaiting.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdidthemanorderforhismother’sbirthday?A.AdrinkB.Acake.C.Somechocolate.11.Whatcouldthewomanprobablybe?A.Acook.B.Awaitress.C.Amanager.12.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Haveameal.B.TalktoJohn.C.Seethemenu.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inacafe.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inalibrary.14.Whatisthewoman’sopiniononherlastclass?A.Exciting.B.BoringC.Useless.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheprofessor’sclass?A.Talkative.B.InspiringC.Thoughtful.16.Whatdoesthewomanplantodo?A.Sitinontheman’sclass.B.Haveatalkwithherprofessor.C.RegisterforWorldHistoryclass.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhereisthePhotocopyRoom?A.Oppositetherestrooms.B.NeartheReadingRoom.C.TotheeastoftheCirculationDesk.18.Whatcanlistenersdointhestudyrooms?A.Doresearch.B.Checkoutbooks.C.Performinteractiveactivities.19.Whenwasthelibrarybuilt?A.Iyearago.B.5yearsago.C.20yearsago.20.Whatisthespeakergoingtodonext?A.Presentsomebooks.B.Showthelistenersaround.C.Answerthelisteners’questions.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMostpopularwildlifeparksinIndiaoftenhavelongqueuesandareexpensive.NamrataDadwallistsfourlesserknownsanctuaries(保護(hù)區(qū))thatyoucanexploreatamorereasonableprice.KumbalgarhWildlifeSanctuarySpreadover578acresintheAravallirange,thesanctuaryisneartheFamousKumbalgarhFort.Thesanctuarymakeshometomanyendangeredspeciesofwildlifelikewolf,leopard,andjunglecat.Bestwaytoexplore:ByboatBesttimetoexplore:MarchtoDecemberNationalChambalSanctuaryThe5400sqkmsanctuaryextendsintoRajasthanandUttarPradeshandistheonlyoneinIndiawiththreekeystonespecies—Gangesriverdolphinghariyalandredcrownedroofturtlealongwitheightrareturtlespeciesandabout300speciesofbirds.Bestwaytoexplore:ByboatBesttimetoexplore:NovembertoMarchCoringaWildlifeSanctuaryWhiletheSunderbansinWestBengalisIndia’smostpopularmangrove(紅樹林)forest,anequallywonderfuloneisCoringa,whichisthesecondlargestoneinthecountry.Itisabirder’sheavenandisalsohometootters,jackals,fishingcatsandestuarinecrocodiles.EndangeredOliveRidleyseaturtlesnestherefromJanuarytoMarch.Bestwaytoexplore:ByboatoronfootBesttimetoexplore:NovembertoFebruaryGulfofMannarMarineNationalParkTheparkhas21islandsandthreedistinctcoastalecosystems—coralreef,seagrassbedandmangroves—withover4,200speciesofplantsandanimals.ItishometothelargestendangeredmarinemammalDugongandisalsothelastshelterofBalanoglossus.Bestwaytoexplore:ByboatoronfootBesttimetoexplore:OctobertoMarch1.WhichisthebestchoiceforavisitinJuly?A.CoringaWildlifeSanctuary.B.NationalChambalSanctuary.C.KumbalgarhWildlifeSanctuary.D.GulfofMannarMarineNationalPark.2.WhatcanweseeinCoringaWildlifeSanctuary?A.Dugong. B.Junglecat.C.Gangesriverdolphin. D.OliveRidleyseaturtle.3.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inadiary. B.Inabiography.C.Inabiologybook. D.Inatravelbrochure.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了印度的四個(gè)較少為人知道的、價(jià)格較合理的野生生物保護(hù)所，包括基本信息、特色、最佳游覽方式、最佳游覽時(shí)間等內(nèi)容。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KumbalgarhWildlifeSanctuary部分中“Besttimetoexplore:MarchtoDecember（最佳游覽時(shí)間：3月至12月）”可知，Kumbalgarh野生生物保護(hù)區(qū)是七月旅游的最佳選擇。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CoringaWildlifeSanctuary部分中“EndangeredOliveRidleyseaturtlesnestherefromJanuarytoMarch.（瀕臨滅絕的OliveRidley海龜從一月到三月在這里筑巢。）”可知，在Coringa野生生物保護(hù)區(qū)可以看到OliveRidley海龜。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章推薦了印度的四個(gè)較少為人知道的、價(jià)格較合理的野生生物保護(hù)所，包括基本信息、特色、最佳游覽方式、最佳游覽時(shí)間等內(nèi)容，供讀者去探索。由此推知，文章應(yīng)該出自旅游小冊子。故選D項(xiàng)。BIn2018,amajornewexhibitionopenedatNewYork’sMuseumofModernArt(MoMA).TheshowbroughttogethermorethanahundredworksbyasingleBrazilianartist:TarsiladoAmaral.Althoughwidelycelebratedinhernativecountry,theartistwasrelativelyunknownoutsideBrazil.SowhowasTarsila?Bornin1886,TarsiladoAmaralisconsideredthemotherofmodernartinBrazil.ShefirstdevelopedaloveforartafterherparentssenthertostudyinSpain.ShereturnedtoEuropeafewyearslater,andsettledinParis.Severalartiststhere,includingPicasso,werebeginningtoexperimentwithnewforms—lessrealisticandmoreabstract.ThenewapproachescontinuedtoinfluenceTarsilaaftershereturnedtoBrazil.ApproachestoartinBrazilatthattimewererelativelyconservative(保守的).TraditionalEuropeanstylesdominated,withworksmainlyfeaturingnatural,religious,orhistoricalscenesinsoftcolors.Tarsiladecidedtotakeadifferentdirection:“Iwanttobethepainterofmycountry,”shewrote.HerimagesbegantoreflectBrazil’sdiverseidentity—amixofnative,African,andEuropeanpeoples.Sheusedstrong,vividcolorstopaintreallifescenesofthenation’sfarmers,countryside,andwildlife.ThishadneverbeendonebeforeinBrazilianart.OneofTarsila’smostfamousworksisAbaporu(1928),whichmeans“ManWhoEatsPeople.”Thepaintinghasaplayfulquality,butitslookandfeelaredistinctlyBrazilian.TheworklaterinspiredaBrazilianartmovementcalledantropofagia.Brazilianartistsbegantotakeinstylesfromotherculturesandmixthemwithlocalinfluences.TheresultwassomethinguniquelyBrazilian.TarsiladoAmaraldiedinSaoPauloin1973,age86.ButherartworkandlegacyliveoninhernativeBrazil.“ForBrazilians,herrecognitionisoffthecharts,”saysJamesRondeau,directoroftheArtInstituteofChicago.“SheisthePicassoofBrazil.”Now,withtheMoMAexhibition,Tarsila’sartisbeingappreciatedbyanewaudienceofadmirersaroundtheworld.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutTarsila’sexperiences?A.ShewasborninBrazil.B.ShedidexperimentsinParis.C.ShewastaughtbyPicassoinSpain.D.SheworkedforNewYork’sMoMA.5.WhatmakeTarsila’sworksunique?A.HighqualityandEuropeanstyles.B.Strongcolorsandreallifescenes.C.Conservativestyleandnaturalscenes.D.Religiousbackgroundandhistoricaltopics.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“offthecharts”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Original. B.Outdated. C.Unbeatable. D.Dynamic.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TarsiladoAmaral,thePicassoofBrazilB.Antropofagia,aBrazilianartmovementC.ThedevelopmentofBrazil’sModernArtD.TheMoMAexhibitionofaBrazilianartist【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是巴西最具影響力的藝術(shù)家——Tarsila的經(jīng)歷、取得的成就以及影響力，被認(rèn)為是巴西現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)之母。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Bornin1886,TarsiladoAmaralisconsideredthemotherofmodernartinBrazil.ShefirstdevelopedaloveforartafterherparentssenthertostudyinSpain.(TarsiladoAmaral出生于1886年，被認(rèn)為是巴西現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)之母。父母送她去西班牙留學(xué)后，她第一次對藝術(shù)產(chǎn)生了熱愛。)”可知，Tarsila出生在巴西，被父母送到西班牙后開始對藝術(shù)產(chǎn)生了興趣。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Sheusedstrong,vividcolorstopaintreallifescenesofthenation’sfarmers,countryside,andwildlife.ThishadneverbeendonebeforeinBrazilianart.(她用濃烈、生動(dòng)的色彩描繪了這個(gè)國家的農(nóng)民、農(nóng)村和野生動(dòng)物的真實(shí)場景。這在巴西藝術(shù)中是前所未有的。)”可知，在她的畫作中，采用的是濃烈的色彩和真實(shí)的場景，這是巴西藝術(shù)前所未有的，由此可知，使得Tarsila的作品獨(dú)特之處在于她使用的濃烈的色彩和真實(shí)的場景。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞所在的句子后的““SheisthePicassoofBrazil.”Now,withtheMoMAexhibition,Tarsila’sartisbeingappreciatedbyanewaudienceofadmirersaroundtheworld.(“她是巴西的畢加索?！爆F(xiàn)在，隨著現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館的展覽，塔西拉的藝術(shù)正在被世界各地的新觀眾欣賞。)”可知，JamesRondeau認(rèn)為Tarsila是巴西的畢加索，她的藝術(shù)受世界各地的崇拜者欣賞，由此可知，她的知名度是“無與倫比的”，所以，unbeatable意為“難以擊敗的、無與倫比的”與該短語意義相近。故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中的“Althoughwidelycelebratedinhernativecountry,theartistwasrelativelyunknownoutsideBrazil.SowhowasTarsila?(盡管這位藝術(shù)家在她的祖國廣受贊譽(yù)，但在巴西以外的地方卻鮮為人知。那么塔西拉是誰呢?)”引出本文要講述的人物是巴西藝術(shù)家Tarsila，結(jié)合下文中對Tarsila的成長經(jīng)歷以及所取得的成就的介紹可知，本文講述的是藝術(shù)家Tarsila，所以本文的題目為“TarsiladoAmaral，巴西的畢加索”涵蓋了文章的內(nèi)容，點(diǎn)明了文章的主題。故選A項(xiàng)。CBabiesbornduringthefirstCovid19lockdownreachedfewerdevelopmentalmilestonesattheageofone,paredwiththosebornbeforethepandemic—althoughtheymayhavebeenfastertocrawl(爬),arecentstudysuggested.About600,000babieswereborninBritainduring2020whenCovidrestrictionsputastoptomanysocialactivities,includingantenatal(出生前的)groupoutingsandmeetinggrandparents.Sincethen,parentsandpsychologistshavethoughtabouttheimpactofthelockdownonthesocialdevelopmentofbabies.DrSusanByrne,apaediatricneurologist(兒科神經(jīng)學(xué)家)said,“DuringthefirstsixmonthsthefamiliesstudiedinIrelandwereincontactwithonlyfourotherpeopleoutsidethefamilyunitonaverage,andbythetimethebabiesreached12months,oneinfourofthemhadn’tmetanotherchildtheirownage.”Toinvestigatehowthisaffecteddevelopment,Byrneandhercoworkersaskedtheparentsof309“pandemic”babiestoassesstheirbabies’abilitytocrawl,pickuptinyobjectswithathumbandindexfinger,expressatleastonedefiniteandmeaningfulword,andmeetsevenotherdevelopmentalmilestonesoncetheyreached12months.ThebabieswereallbornbetweenMarchandMay2020.Thestudysuggestedthepandemiclockdownhadasmallbutmeasurableeffectonbabies’languageandmunicationskills;paredwithprepandemicbabies,thesewerelesslikelytohaveonedefiniteword(89%v77%),topointatobjects(93%v84%),orbeabletowavebyebye(94.5%v88%).However,morecouldcrawl(91%v97.5%),perhapsduetospendinglesstimeinapushchair.Byrnestressedthatthedifferencesweresmall,andtherewasplentythatparentscoulddotohelptoddlers(學(xué)步兒童)catchup,“Babiesareresilient(有復(fù)原力)andcuriousbynature.”8.What’sthepurposeofthestudy?A.Toadvocatefamilyactivitieswithbabies.B.Tofindouttheimpactoflockdownonbabies.C.Tomakeoutbabies’developmentalmilestones.D.ToconfirmthepublicassumptionaboutCovid19.9Whatdoes“this”underlinedinParagraph4referto?A.Lackingcontactwithothers.B.ingdownwithCovid19.C.Stoppingvisitinggrandparents.D.Meetingbabiesofthesameage.10.HowdidByregetthefindings?A.Bydoinganonlinesurvey. B.Bymakingassessments.C.Byreferringtopreviousdata. D.Bymakingparisons.11.WhatmayByresuggestparentsdoing?A.Usingapushchairmoreoften. B.Socializingwithotherfamilies.C.Helpingbabiesdomoreexercises. D.Monitoringchildren’sdevelopment.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明，與疫情之前出生的嬰兒相比，在疫情封鎖期間出生的嬰兒在語言和溝通技能發(fā)展上存在些許落后，雖然他們更快地學(xué)會(huì)了爬行?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Sincethen,parentsandpsychologistshavethoughtabouttheimpactofthelockdownonthesocialdevelopmentofbabies.”（從那以后，父母和心理學(xué)家一直在思考封鎖對嬰兒社交發(fā)展的影響。）可知，該項(xiàng)研究的目的是找出封鎖對嬰兒的影響。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】指代猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中畫線詞所在句“Toinvestigatehowthisaffecteddevelopment…”（為了調(diào)查這是如何影響發(fā)展的……）和第三段中SusanByrne的話“DuringthefirstsixmonthsthefamiliesstudiedinIrelandwereincontactwithonlyfourotherpeopleoutsidethefamilyunitonaverage,andbythetimethebabiesreached12months,oneinfourofthemhadn’tmetanotherchildtheirownage.”（在前六個(gè)月里，愛爾蘭接受研究的這些家庭平均只與家庭以外的四個(gè)人有過接觸，到嬰兒長到12個(gè)月時(shí)，其中四分之一的嬰兒沒有見過其他同齡的孩子。）可推知，第四段中畫線的this指代上文中SusanByrne描述的現(xiàn)象，即由于疫情封鎖，嬰兒通常會(huì)缺乏與他人的接觸。故選A項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“paredwithprepandemicbabies,thesewerelesslikelytohaveonedefiniteword(89%v77%),topointatobjects(93%v84%),orbeabletowavebyebye(94.5%v88%).However,morecouldcrawl(91%v97.5%),perhapsduetospendinglesstimeinapushchair.”（與疫情前的嬰兒相比，這些嬰兒不太可能發(fā)出一個(gè)明確的單詞（89%比77%），不太可能指物體（93%比84%），也不太可能揮手告別（94.5%比88%）。然而，更多的人會(huì)爬（91%比97.5%），可能是因?yàn)榛ㄔ趮雰很嚿系臅r(shí)間更少了。）可知，Byre是通過對數(shù)據(jù)的逐項(xiàng)比較得出結(jié)論的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Thestudysuggestedthepandemiclockdownhadasmallbutmeasurableeffectonbabies’languageandmunicationskills”（該研究表明，疫情的封鎖對嬰兒的語言和溝通技能產(chǎn)生了微小但可衡量的影響）和最后一段中“Byrnestressedthatthedifferencesweresmall,andtherewasplentythatparentscoulddotohelptoddlers(學(xué)步兒童)catchup”（Byrne強(qiáng)調(diào)，差異很小，父母可以做很多事情來幫助蹣跚學(xué)步的孩子趕上）可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)疫情封鎖導(dǎo)致嬰兒語言和溝通技能發(fā)展稍微落后，Byrne表示這個(gè)問題可以解決。由此推知，Byrne可能會(huì)建議家長與其他家庭交往，從而幫助嬰兒發(fā)展語言和溝通技能。故選B項(xiàng)。DDiggingoutpotatotubers(莖塊)isoneofthegreatestrewardsgardenshavetooffer.Childreninparticulararesurprisedatseeingthesetubersthatalmostmagicallybeechips,mash(泥)orbakedpotatoes.Happily,potatoesareveryeasytogrow.Seedtubersareplacedingoodgardensoil,ideallywithsomepost(堆肥)foreverysquaremeter,inasunnyspot,about10cmdeepat30cmintervalsinrows6070cmapart.Seedtubersareofferedasearliestandsecondearliestandmaincrop.Thesecondearliestandmaincropscanbestoredforwinterusebutearliestareusuallyconsumedinsummer.SeasonedpotatogrowersbuyearlyseedpotatoesinFebruaryandplacetheminacool,reasonablylightplaceandletthemsprout(發(fā)芽).Ittakessixweeksforsmallsproutstoform.EarlypotatoesaretypicallyplantedfrommiddleMarchintheSouth,butarelikelytoemergebeforethefirstseasonfinishesinMay.Theshootsarefrostsensitiverequiringprotectiononcodnightswitheitherearthornewspapers.SecondearlyandmaincroppotatoesareplantedinmiddleApril—thefrostriskwillbelow,butnotabsent,bythetimetheyemerge.Asthestems(莖)grow,soilshouldbedrawnaroundthemuntiltheleavesmeetintherowinearlysummer.Atthisstage,thepotatofieldisaseriesofridges(脊，壟).Thetubersformintheridge,protectedfromlightthatturnsthemgreen.Coveringwithblackplasticorathicklayerofpostisalsoaccessibleinsteadofridging,butplasticisnotsustainableandslugs(鼻涕蟲)canmultiplyinpost.Oncetheflowersarefullyopen,itistimetodigplantswhenthetubersarethesizeofahen’segg.Theygrowrapidlybutgraduallylosetheirjuicynewpotatoflavour,soharvestfreely.12.What’sthewritingpurposeofparagraph1?A.Todescribeamagicprocess.B.Torecallachildhoodmemory.C.Toraiseapotatorelatedtopic.D.Tointroduceagardeningaward.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutseedtubers?A.Theclosertheintervalsare,thefastertheywillgrow.B.Thewarmertheweatheris,thebettertheywillgrow.C.Theearliertheyareplanted,thehealthiertheywillgrow.D.Thedeepertheyareplanted,thestrongertheywillgrow.14.Whathelpspotatoesgrowinthelongterm?A.Frost. B.Plastic. C.Ridges. D.Slugs.15.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Howtocookpotatoes. B.Howtogrowpotatoes.C.Howtoharvestpotatoes. D.Howtopreservepotatoes.【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是如何種植土豆。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段“Diggingoutpotatotubers(莖塊)isoneofthegreatestrewardsgardenshavetooffer.Childreninparticulararesurprisedatseeingthesetubersthatalmostmagicallybeechips,mash(泥)orbakedpotatoes.(挖出土豆塊莖是菜園能提供的最大獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)之一。孩子們尤其驚訝地看到這些塊莖幾乎神奇地變成了薯片、土豆泥或烤土豆。)”可知，本段介紹的是收獲土豆是花園提供的最大的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，孩子們驚訝的是這些土豆變成了薯?xiàng)l、土豆泥或者烤土豆，結(jié)合第二段中的“Happily,potatoesareveryeasytogrow.(幸運(yùn)的是，土豆很容易種植。)”以及下文中講述的種植土豆的介紹可知，本段的目的是引出本文的相關(guān)話題。故選C項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Seedtubersareplacedingoodgardensoil,ideallywithsomepost(堆肥)foreverysquaremeter,inasunnyspot,about10cmdeepat30cmintervalsinrows6070cmapart.(塊莖種放在良好的花園土壤中，最好每平方米加一些堆肥，在陽光充足的地方，每排6070厘米，間隔30厘米，深約10厘米。)”可知，種薯被放置在陽光充足的地方，由此可推斷，天氣越好，種薯生長的就會(huì)越好。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Asthestems(莖)grow,soilshouldbedrawnaroundthemuntiltheleavesmeetintherowinearlysummer.Atthisstage,thepotatofieldisaseriesofridges(脊，壟).Thetubersformintheridge,protectedfromlightthatturnsthemgreen.(隨著莖的生長，土壤應(yīng)該在莖的周圍覆蓋，直到初夏時(shí)葉子排成一行。在這個(gè)階段，土豆田是一系列的壟。塊莖在壟上形成，不受光線的影響，光線會(huì)使它們變綠。)”可知，隨著莖的不斷生長，用土壤將其覆蓋形成一系列的壟，塊莖在山脊上形成，根據(jù)下文“Coveringwithblackplasticorathicklayerofpostisalsoaccessibleinsteadofridging,butplasticisnotsustainableandslugs(鼻涕蟲)canmultiplyinpost.(用黑色塑料或一層厚厚的堆肥覆蓋也可以代替壟溝，但塑料是不可持續(xù)的，蛞蝓可以在堆肥中繁殖。)”可知，也可以使用塑料或者堆肥代替壟，但是塑料是不可持續(xù)的，由此可知，從長遠(yuǎn)看來，壟幫助土豆的成長。故選C項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段“Diggingoutpotatotubers(莖塊)isoneofthegreatestrewardsgardenshavetooffer.Childreninparticulararesurprisedatseeingthesetubersthatalmostmagicallybeechips,mash(泥)orbakedpotatoes.(挖出土豆塊莖是菜園能提供的最大獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)之一。孩子們尤其驚訝地看到這些塊莖幾乎神奇地變成了薯片、土豆泥或烤土豆。)”引出本文講述的話題與土豆有關(guān)，第二段的“Happily,potatoesareveryeasytogrow.(幸運(yùn)的是，土豆很容易種植。)”可知，種植土豆是很容易的，結(jié)合下文中介紹的土豆種植的條件，種植方法以及生長特點(diǎn)的介紹可知，本文主要講述的是如何種植土豆。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題25分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Summerisawonderfulseasonfilledwithlotsoffuninthesun.Butwhatifyourjobrequiresyoutospendseveralhoursoutsideeachandeveryday?____16____ButtodayI’msharingsomeeasywaystoprotectmyskinfromthesun’sharmfulrays.TimeofDayisImportantThesunisatitsmostintense(強(qiáng)烈的)levelandUVisatitsstrongestbetweenthehoursof10a.m.and4p.m.Wetypicallytrytopleteouroutsidechores(家務(wù))before10a.m.____17____Sometimesafter4p.m.we’rebackoutsidetofinishupthemowing(割草),fencingorcattleworkingandcanoftenworkuntildark.I’velearnedthattheshorteryourshadowunderneathyou,thestrongertheUVrayscanbe.____18____CoverArmsandLegsWhenmyhusbandmowstheyard,hewearsheavyjeansandalongsleeveshirt.Althoughhewasinitiallyveryhesitanttowearalongsleeveshirt,hewasactuallycoolerthanhewouldhavebeenotherwisebecausethathotsunwasnotshiningdirectlyuponhisskin.____19____It’sgoodtoremember:Whenpossible,wearthetightestweavefabricyoucan.GlovesServeDoubleDuty____20____MostofthetimeIliketowearlightweightgardengloveswithspecialfingertipstoallowmetooperatemysmartphonewithoutremovingthegloves.Wearingglovesnotonlyhelpsmeholdthingsmoresecurely,buttheyalsopreventtheskinonmyhandsfromthesun.A.Itypicallyweargloveswhenworkingoutside.B.Ahatthatshadesyourfaceandearsisasmartmove.C.Suncreamhasitsplaceinpeople’sskinprotectionchoices.D.Thesetipsgetmethroughmostdaysofourworkoutdoors.E.Whenthesunstartsgettinghighinthesky,weeinside.F.Soit’sbesttobeoutsidewhenyourshadowislongerthanyourheight.G.I’velearnedthatthetightertheweave,themoreprotectionisreceived.【答案】16.C17.E18.F19.G20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是在夏季戶外活動(dòng)時(shí)如何保護(hù)好自己的皮膚免受太陽有害射線的傷害?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前的“Butwhatifyourjobrequiresyoutospendseveralhoursoutsideeachandeveryday?(但是如果你的工作要求你每天花幾個(gè)小時(shí)在戶外呢?)”可知，夏季很熱在外面幾個(gè)小時(shí)該怎么辦呢，引出下文要講述的內(nèi)容，所以此空出為回答上文的問題，根據(jù)空后的“ButtodayI’msharingsomeeasywaystoprotectmyskinfromthesun’sharmfulrays.(但是今天我要分享一些簡單的方法來保護(hù)我的皮膚免受太陽有害射線的傷害。)”可知，本文下面講述的是如何用簡單的方法保護(hù)自己的皮膚免受陽光的傷害，由此可知，該空出就要回答空前的問題，且內(nèi)容與保護(hù)皮膚相關(guān)，C選項(xiàng)“Suncreamhasitsplaceinpeople’sskinprotectionchoices.(防曬霜在人們的護(hù)膚選擇中占有一席之地。)”講述的是防曬油是一個(gè)保護(hù)皮膚的選擇，符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本段的主題句“TimeofDayisImportant(一天中的時(shí)間很重要)”可知，本段講述的內(nèi)容與戶外時(shí)間有關(guān)系，結(jié)合空前的“Wetypicallytrytopleteouroutsidechores(家務(wù))before10a.m.(我們通常會(huì)在上午10點(diǎn)之前完成外面的家務(wù)。)”可知，一般上午10點(diǎn)前完成戶外的任務(wù)，E選項(xiàng)“Whenthesunstartsgettinghighinthesky,weeinside.(當(dāng)太陽開始在天空中升起時(shí)，我們就會(huì)進(jìn)入室內(nèi)。)”講述的是太陽升高時(shí)應(yīng)該回到室內(nèi)，內(nèi)容與本段吻合和與承接空前的內(nèi)容。故選E項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)本段主題句“TimeofDayisImportant(一天中的時(shí)間很重要)”可知，本段講述的內(nèi)容與戶外時(shí)間有關(guān)系，結(jié)合空前的“I’velearnedthattheshorteryourshadowunderneathyou,thestrongertheUVrayscanbe.(我知道你身下的影子越短，紫外線就越強(qiáng)。)”可知，影子越短，紫外線成都越強(qiáng)，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Soit’sbesttobeoutsidewhenyourshadowislongerthanyourheight.(所以，當(dāng)你的影子比你的身高長時(shí)，最好呆在室外。)”與空前的內(nèi)容為因果關(guān)系，邏輯合理，且與本段的主題內(nèi)容吻合。故選F項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空后的“It’sgoodtoremember:Whenpossible,wearthetightestweavefabricyoucan.(最好記住:如果可能的話，穿最緊的衣服。)”可知，可能的話，外出穿編制最緊的衣物，結(jié)合本段主題句“CoverArmsandLegs(遮住胳膊和腿)”可知，本段講述的內(nèi)容與蓋住自己的胳膊和腿，也就是出行時(shí)的穿著有關(guān)系，G選項(xiàng)“I’velearnedthatthetightertheweave,themoreprotectionisreceived.(我知道編織得越緊，就能得到越多的保護(hù)。)”講述的是編制的越緊受到的保護(hù)越多，與本段主題吻合，且與空前內(nèi)容一致。故選G項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)本段的主題句“GlovesServeDoubleDuty(手套有雙重作用)”可知，本段講述的內(nèi)容與戴手套相關(guān)，根據(jù)空后的“MostofthetimeIliketowearlightweightgardengloveswithspecialfingertipstoallowmetooperatemysmartphonewithoutremovingthegloves.(大多數(shù)時(shí)候，我喜歡戴輕便的園藝手套，它有特殊的指尖，這樣我就可以在不摘下手套的情況下操作我的智能。)”講述的是作者戴手套的種類以及便利之處可知，此空處講述的與作者戴手套相關(guān)，A選項(xiàng)“Itypicallyweargloveswhenworkingoutside.(我在室外工作時(shí)通常戴手套。)”內(nèi)容與本段主題一致，且與空后的內(nèi)容銜接。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。OnacoldmorninginDecember,SchewelentersamunitygardeninBushwickfollowedbyhistwosmalldogs,SundropandMoonbeam.Thedogsfeelexcitedwith____21____butnotforagameoffetch.Theyareheretohunt.Schewelbendsdownto____22____them,andtheyrushout,usingtheirsmallsizetotheir____23____inthesearchfortheirtarget:theNewYorkCityrat.Armedwithhistwo____24____andasmokemachinetochaseratsfromtheirholes,Schewelisarathunter,atrade____25____morewiththe19thcenturythanthe21st.Hispanyprovidesa(n)____26____serviceatatimewhena“waronrats”hasbeeatop____27____forMayorAdams.____28____petitorsthatusepoisons,Scheweloffersadifferentapproachbyreintroducingpredators(捕食者)totheurban____29____.Atthegarden,thedogs_____30_____atoolshed(工具房)withanemptyspacebeneath—alikelyplaceforratsto_____31_____.Thespaceistoosmall,soSchewel_____32_____hissmokemachine,whichhasbeenfilledwithvegetableoiltocreateanonpoisonousvapor(蒸汽)._____33_____,aratrushesout,andSundropisquicklyuponit.Withabiteandafewshakes,theratdies.AtSchewel’s_____34_____,theratisdropped.Thegoodnewsisthattherearen’tmanyratsatallhere.Schewel’sstrategyproves_____35_____.Butifonlythesamecouldhappenintherestofthecity!21.A.recognition B.anticipation C.petition D.satisfaction22.A.release B.warn C.drag D.raise23.A.permission B.survival C.shortage D.advantage24.A.leaders B.panions C.soldiers D.visitors25.A.pared B.bined C.associated D.acpanied26.A.reasonable B.valuable C.acceptable D.changeable27.A.priority B.theme C.grade D.rank28.A.As B.Unlike C.With D.For29.A.lifestyle B.development C.ecosystem D.population30.A.shake B.leave C.surround D.protect31.A.find B.hide C.escape D.dig32.A.turnson B.turnsoff C.turnsup D.turnsdown33.A.Inaway B.Inaflash C.Inaword D.Inamess34.A.will B.risk C.mand D.heart35.A.urgent B.mon C.dramatic D.effective【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.B25.C26.B27.A28.B29.C30.C31.B32.A33.B34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Schewel是紐約市的一名捕鼠人，他帶著兩只小狗和一臺(tái)煙霧機(jī)，把老鼠從洞里趕出來，清理城市里的老鼠。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：狗因?yàn)槠诖d奮，但不是為了玩接球游戲。A.recognition認(rèn)可；B.anticipation期待；C.petition競爭；D.satisfaction滿意。根據(jù)下文和“Theyareheretohunt.”可知，Schewel帶了Sundrop和Moonbeam這兩只狗來捕獵，因此它們是因?yàn)槠诖d奮。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Schewel彎下腰放了它們，它們沖了出去，利用它們小的體型來尋找它們的目標(biāo)：紐約市的老鼠。A.release放開；B.warn警告；C.drag拖，拽；D.raise舉。根據(jù)上文“bendsdownto”和下文“theyrushout”可推知，Schewel是彎下腰把兩只狗放了，讓它們沖出去捕獵。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Schewel彎下腰放了它們，它們沖了出去，利用它們小的體型來尋找它們的目標(biāo)：紐約市的老鼠。A.permission許可；B.survival生存；C.shortage短缺；D.advantage優(yōu)勢。根據(jù)上文“usingtheirsmallsizetotheir”可推知，advantage“優(yōu)勢”符合語境，usesth.toone’sadvantage是固定短語，意為“利用某事物，將某事物轉(zhuǎn)化為有利條件”，此處表示兩只狗利用它們小的體型來尋找它們的目標(biāo)。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Schewel是一名捕鼠人，他帶著兩個(gè)同伴和一臺(tái)煙霧機(jī)，把老鼠從洞里趕出來，這是一種與19世紀(jì)更相關(guān)的職業(yè)，而不是21世紀(jì)。A.leaders領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者；B.panions同伴；C.soldiers士兵；D.visitors游客。根據(jù)上文“followedbyhistwosmalldogs,SundropandMoonbeam”可知，捕鼠人Schewel會(huì)和兩只小狗Sundrop和Moonbeam搭檔去捕鼠，這兩只小狗是他的同伴。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Schewel是一名捕鼠人，他帶著兩個(gè)同伴和一臺(tái)煙霧機(jī)，把老鼠從洞里趕出來，這是一種與19世紀(jì)更相關(guān)的職業(yè)，而不是21世紀(jì)。A.pared比較；B.bined組合；C.associated相關(guān)；D.acpanied陪同。根據(jù)下文“morewiththe19thcenturythanthe21st”和常識(shí)可推知，associated“相關(guān)”符合語境，表示捕鼠這種職業(yè)與19世紀(jì)更相關(guān)，而非21世紀(jì)。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)“向老鼠宣戰(zhàn)”成為亞當(dāng)斯市長的當(dāng)務(wù)之急時(shí)，他的公司提供著有價(jià)值的服務(wù)。A.reasonable合理的；B.valuable有價(jià)值的；C.acceptable可以接受的；D.changeable多變的。根據(jù)下文“a“waronrats””可知，城市里發(fā)起了“向老鼠宣戰(zhàn)”的行動(dòng)，因此Schewel公司的捕鼠服務(wù)是有價(jià)值的。故選B。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)“向老鼠宣戰(zhàn)”成為亞當(dāng)斯市長當(dāng)務(wù)之急時(shí)，他的公司提供著有價(jià)值的服務(wù)。A.priority最重要的事；B.theme主題；C.grade等級；D.rank排名。根據(jù)上文“a“waronrats”hasbeeatop”可推知，priority“最重要的事”符合語境，atoppriority是固定短語，意為“當(dāng)務(wù)之急，頭等大事”，此處表示“向老鼠宣戰(zhàn)”成為紐約市的亞當(dāng)斯市長的當(dāng)務(wù)之急。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：與使用毒藥的競爭對手不同，Schewel提供了一種不同的方法，將捕食者重新引入城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。A.As作為；B.Unlike和……不同；C.With與……一起；D.For為了。根據(jù)下文“Scheweloffersadifferentapproachbyreintroducingpredators(捕食者)totheurban____9____”可知，Schewel的捕鼠方法是重新引入捕食者，因此是與使用毒藥的競爭對手不同。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：與使用毒藥的競爭對手不同，Schewel提供了一種不同的方法，將捕食者重新引入城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。A.lifestyle生活方式；B.development發(fā)展；C.ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)；D.population人口。根據(jù)上文“followedbyhistwosmalldogs,SundropandMoonbeam”可知，Schewel會(huì)利用兩只小狗來捕鼠，因此是將老鼠的捕食者重新引入城市的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在花園里，狗圍著一個(gè)工具房，下面有一塊空地——這可能是老鼠藏身的地方。A.shake搖晃；B.leave離開；C.surround包圍；D.protect保護(hù)。根據(jù)下文“aratrushesout,andSundropisquicklyuponit”可推知，狗現(xiàn)在圍著工具房，等到后面老鼠出來的時(shí)候去捕獵。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在花園里，狗圍著一個(gè)工具房，下面有一塊空地——這可能是老鼠藏身的地方。A.find查找；B.hide隱藏；C.escape逃脫；D.dig挖。根據(jù)下文“aratrushesout”可推知，老鼠藏身在這個(gè)地方。故選B。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：空間太小了，所以Schewel打開了他的煙霧機(jī)，里面裝滿了植物油，產(chǎn)生了無毒的蒸汽。A.turnson打開；B.turnsoff關(guān)閉；C.turnsup出現(xiàn)；D.turnsdown拒絕。根據(jù)上文“Thespaceistoosmall”可知，空間太小了，因此狗雖然體型很小也無法直接捕鼠，所以Schewel需要打開煙霧機(jī)，把老鼠從藏身的地方趕出來。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：一瞬間，一只老鼠沖了出來，Sundrop很快就追上了它。A.Inaway在某種程度上；B.Inaflash一瞬間；C.Inaword簡言之；D.Inamess一團(tuán)糟。根據(jù)下文“aratrushesout,andSundropisquicklyuponit”可推知，Inaflash“一瞬間”符合語境，此處表示Schewel打開煙霧機(jī)后，老鼠立即從藏身之處沖出來。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在Schewel的命令下，老鼠被放下。A.will意志；B.risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；C.mand命令；D.heart心。根據(jù)下文“theratisdropped”可推知，mand“命令”符合語境，atone’smand是固定短語，意為“在……的命令下”，此處表示在Schewel的命令下，小狗把捕到的、已經(jīng)死了的老鼠放下。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Schewel的策略被證明是有效的。A.urgent緊急的；B.mon普通的；C.dramatic戲劇性的；D.effective有效的。根據(jù)上文“Thegoodnewsisthattherearen’tmanyratsatallhe