2024年北京市第一次普通高中學業(yè)水平合格性考試英語仿真模擬卷03（全解全析）

2024年北京市第一次普通高中學業(yè)水平合格性考試英語仿真模擬試卷03一、聽力理解（共25小題；每小題1分，共25分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1分，共20分）聽下面十段對話或獨白，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。每段對話或獨白你將聽兩遍。聽第1段材料，回答第1題。1．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Abook. B．Amovie. C．Awar.【答案】A【原文】M:Ican’tgetthroughthisbook.It’sjustpageafterpageoftalkingaboutthewar.Iwouldratherwatchthefilminstead.W:Don’tgiveup.It’saclassic.Plus,wehavetowriteareportonit.聽第2段材料，回答第2題。2．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A．Bepatient. B．Getofftheplane. C．Sitatthefront.【答案】C【原文】W:IlovetravelingbyplanebutIhatewaitingtogetoffwhentheplanelands.M:Youshouldbookaseatrightatthefrontoftheplane.Thosepassengersarethefirsttogetoff.聽第3段材料，回答第3題。3．Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthenewsstory?A．Amazed. B．Inspired. C．Confused.【答案】A【原文】M:Thatwasanamazingstoryonthenews.It’shardtobelievethatsomeonecouldsurvivethreemonthslostatsea.W:Itjustshowsyouwhathumansareabletodowhenit’slifeordeath.Itreallymademethink.聽第4段材料，回答第4題。4．Whatshouldtheman’ssondoaccordingtothewoman?A．Becomeamemberofaclub.B．Spendmoretimestudying.C．Takepicturesofhisfriends.【答案】A【原文】M:Mysonhasstartedtolearntakingphotoslately.Heseemstospendalotoftimealonedoingit.W:Maybeyoushouldencouragehimtojoinaphotographyclub,sohecanlearnandmakenewfriendsatthesametime.聽第5段材料，回答第5題至第6題。5．Whoaccompaniedthewomantothehospital?A．Theman. B．Hersister. C．Hermother.6．Whatisthewomanallergicto?A．Dust. B．Seafood. C．Mangoes.【答案】5．B6．A【原文】M:Areyounotfeelingwell?Iheardthatyoutooktimeoffyesterdaytogotothehospital.W:Yes,Ihaveanallergicreaction.Iwasgoingtoaskyoutoaccompanymetothehospital.Butmymomaskedmysistertogowithme.M:Whatdidthedoctorsay?Areyouallergictoseafood?W:No.IthoughtIwasallergictomangoes,butIneverthoughtthedoctorwouldsayIwasallergictodust!M:That’sreallynotverycommon.Youmusttakecareofyourselfinthefuture.聽第6段材料，回答第7題至第8題。7．WhyaretheBlacksmovingtoAustralia?A．MrBlackhasfoundanewjobthere.B．Theyhavemanyfriendsthere.C．MrsBlackwantstoteachthere.8．WhatmightMrsBlackdoinMelbourne?A．Ateacher. B．Ahousewife. C．Aclerk.【答案】7．A8．A【原文】M:Hello,Anne.IheardthatMrandMrsBlackaremovingtoAustralia.Isthattrue?W:Yes,MrBlackhasanewjobasaclerkinMelbourne.Besides,theywanttohavetheirfirstbabythere.M:Buttheyhavefewfriendsthere,right?W:Yes.Butyouknow,theenvironmentthereisbetterandtherearebetterschoolsforthechildren.M:Youjustsaidthattheywanttohaveababy;youmeanthatMrsBlackwillstopworking?W:Shetoldmethatshemaygetateachingjobthere.聽第7段材料，回答第9題至第11題。9．Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A．Bookaroom. B．Changerooms. C．Checkout.10．Whenisthecheck-outtime?A．12:00atnoon. B．10:00inthemorning. C．2:00intheafternoon.11．Whatkindofroomdoesthewomanlike?A．OnefacingtheBigBen.B．OnefacingtheThamesRiver.C．OnefacingtheLondonBridge.【答案】9．B10．A11．B【原文】M:Goodevening,madam.MayIhelpyou?W:Yes,please.I’dliketohaveabiggerroom.Youknow,youdidn’thavebiggeroneswhenIcheckedinbecauseLondonExportCommoditiesFairwasbeingheld,soI’vebeenstayinginasmallonethesedays.M:Isee.Thefairwasoveryesterday.Nowwedohavevacantbiggerrooms.Whendoyouwanttochangeyourroom?W:Tomorrowevening.M:I’dliketoletyouknowthatthecheck-outtimeis12:00inthemiddleoftheday.W:Isee.What’stherateforabiggerroom?M:￡40pernight.Bytheway,wouldyoulikearoomfacingtheThamesRiveroraroomfacingtheBigBen?W:I’dpreferaroomfacingtheThamesRiver.聽第8段材料，回答第12題至第14題。12．Whathappenedwhenthemanwasclimbingmountains?A．Hehadacold. B．Hegotstuckinahole. C．Hewaslostinbadweather.13．Whatcausedthelossoftheman’slegs?A．Lowtemperature.B．Abadfallinthemountain.C．Anunsuccessfuloperation.14．Whatdidthemandecidetodoafterlosinghislegs?A．Designnewclimbingshoes.B．Setupaclubforthedisabled.C．Usetechnologytofighthisdisability.【答案】12．C13．A14．C【原文】W:Hi.Hugh,canyoutellmehowithappened?M:Sure,IwasclimbingmountainsinNewHampshirein1982.Suddenlytheweatherbecamereallybad.Therewaslotsofsnowandwecouldn’tseeanything.Wegotlost.Well,wespentfourdaysonthemountain.Thetemperaturewas20degreesbelowzero.Wedidn’thaveanyequipmentorfood.W:Sowhathappened?Iguesssomeonefoundyou,right?M:Yes,butwewereverysick.Icouldn’tmovemylegsbecauseofthecold.Ispenttwomonthsinhospital.Thedoctorsremovedmylegs.W:Right,soyoulostyourlegs,butyouwanttotryyourbesttostayactive.M:That’sright.Infact,Idecidedtomakesomenewlegsformyself.Irealizedthatnoonehastobephysicallydisabled.Wecanusemoderntechnologytohelpus.W:Andyoubuiltthesegreatnewlegs.Canyougomountainclimbingagain?M:Yes,Ican.Infactthesearebetterthanclimbingshoes.Thespringdesignmeansthattheyaremuchmorepowerful.聽第9段材料，回答第15題至第17題。15．Wherearethespeakers?A．Athome. B．Inapark. C．Intheoffice.16．WhatdoesthemanthinkoftheweatherinEngland?A．It’senjoyable. B．It’schangeable. C．It’scomfortable.17．Whatwastheweatherlikeatnoon?A．Windy. B．Rainy. C．Sunny.【答案】15．A16．B17．C【原文】W:Jack...closethewindowinthebathroom—thewind’sgettingreallystrong.M:Done.Honestly,weseemtohavehadawholeyear’sweatherinonedaytoday.W:Iknow-thismorningIcouldhardlyseeacrosstheroadbecauseofthethickdarkclouds.M:Yeah,butatlunchtimeIsatintheparkenjoyingthesun.ThenonthewayhomefromworkIgotcaughtintherainandsatonthebusfeelingverywetandpoor.W:Andnowwe’vegotthis.EnglandinApril—howlovely!聽第10段材料，回答第18題至第20題。18．Whatistheman’sproblem?A．Heisunabletostayfocused.B．Heisuninterestedinthesubject.C．Heisoftensleepyintheclass19．Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?A．Drawingpictures. B．Readingbooks. C．Writingnotes.20．Whydoesthewomandrawinclass?A．Towriteherideas. B．Topayactiveattention. C．Totakenotes.【答案】18．A19．C20．B【原文】W:Jim,youlooksad.What’sthematter?M:IgotaBinmyclass.IhavetroublestayingfocusedinMr.White’sclass.W:Iagree.Mr.Whiteisnotaverygoodlecturer.Butthesubjectisinteresting.M:Itriedmybesttolistencarefully.Butafterabout10minutes,Ijustgotdistracted.Youseemedtobeconcentrated.Howcanyoudothat?W:Well,youcanwritethingsdown.Ireadthiswayofactiveconcentrationinabookanditisreallyuseful.Butithastobedonebyhand.M:Doyoureviewyournotesafterwards?W:Sometimesbutthat’snotthemostimportant.WhatmattersmostisthatbywritingdownwhatMr.Whitesays,Icanfollowhislineofthinkingmoreeasily.Infact,sometimesIdrawalittletoo.M:Youdrawinclassandthathelpstopayattention?W:Yes,honestly,itworksforme.Ijustdrawlittlelinescasually.Thekeypointistolistenhardwhilekeepingthepenmoving.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，共5分）聽下面一段對話，根據(jù)題目要求在答題卡相應題號后的橫線上寫下第21題至第25題的關鍵信息。此段對話你將聽兩遍。AWeatherReportinAustraliaNewSouthWalesThereisawarninginplaceasbush21spread.QueenslandAtleast22inchesofrainareexpectedtofalloverthenext24hours.NorthernTerritoryResidentsshouldonlyexperiencelightshowers,anditwillremaindryandcloudyuntil23evening.PerthTherewillbeacalm24thatmaybecomestrongertowardstheendoftheweek.GeraldtonRainshowerswillcomeinfromthe25butshoulddisappearlater.【答案】21．fires22．2/two23．Friday24．wind25．ocean【原文】

Thisweek’sweatherinAustraliaisgoingtobehot.ThereisalreadyawarninginplacefortheeastcoastofNewSouthWalesasbushfiresspread.Thetemperatureisexpectedtoreachagreatheightof38degrees,5degreeshotterthanthistimelastyear.

MeanwhileintherainforestinnorthernQueensland,atleast2inchesofrainareexpectedtofalloverthenext24hours.Afurther10inchesarepredictedovertheweekahead.Residentsshouldexpectflashfloodsonroadsandonlytravelifessentialtodoso.

TheNorthernTerritorywillseesomeofthisrainasthecloudsmoveinasouth-westdirection.However,theyshouldonlyexperiencelightshowers,anditwillremaindryandcloudyuntilFridayevening.Itshouldthenbrightenupovertheweekend,withhighsof32degreesinsomeparts.

Withallthewildweatheroftheeastcoast,thewestcoastislookingcalm.ThoselivinginPerthwillenjoywarmweatherwithhighsof30degrees.Acalmwindmaybecomestrongertowardstheendoftheweek.AswegofurtherupthecoasttowardsGeraldton,weseerainshowerscominginfromtheocean,buttheseshoulddisappearbyThursday.二、完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。EverySaturdaymorningPhoenixYoungwouldtakepianolessonswithafamilyfriendwhenhewasachild.“Atthattimewewould1aroundandtakeallmorningjusttohavealesson,”Phoenix2.“AndIlovedit.”ButwhenPhoenixwas12,histeacherproposedthatheneedbetter3.SohismothertookhimtoamusicschoolintheBronx,andsignedhimupforclasseswithateachernamedBadeSimon,experiencedbitknownforbeing4.Andshequicklyliveduptothat5.Phoenixfoundthestressfullifewas6likehislightheartedSaturdaymorningswithhisformerteacher,soitwasn’tlongbeforehe7thathewouldquit.Oneday,however,Bade8himandsaidsomethingsurprising:“Ihave9inyou.Keepgoing.Thenthereluctant(不情愿的)studentdidsomethingsurprising10:hesaid,“Okay.”“ItwasasifallIwantedwasjusta11fromherthatshecaredaboutme,”Phoenixsaid.Thatmoment12theirrelationship.Withinafewweeks,theywerehaving13duringlessons.Andwithinafewmonths,shewasteachinghimthingsaboutmusicthathe’dneverknownbefore.Itwasthebeginningofalongandfruitfulrelationship.“Iwentinto14andbecameapianoteacher,acareerIhavebeendoingfor50years,”Phoenixsaid.“AndI15italltothatpreciousmomentwithmyunsunghero,BadeSimon.”1．A．walk B．joke C．look D．stick2．A．a(chǎn)nnounced B．sighed C．regretted D．recalled3．A．instruction B．behaviour C．recognition D．relationship4．A．sweet B．violent C．tough D．strange5．A．expectation B．standard C．quality D．reputation6．A．something B．everything C．nothing D．a(chǎn)nything7．A．pretended B．a(chǎn)dmitted C．rejected D．decided8．A．a(chǎn)ttendedto B．turnedto C．liedto D．referredto9．A．courage B．faith C．doubt D．luck10．A．inreturn B．invain C．intime D．inpeace11．A．promise B．sign C．notice D．vision12．A．recovered B．transformed C．ruined D．clouded13．A．stress B．patience C．fun D．a(chǎn)rgument14．A．a(chǎn)cting B．singing C．composition D．music15．A．leave B．lead C．owe D．a(chǎn)dd【答案】1．B2．D3．A4．C5．D6．C7．D8．B9．B10．A11．B12．B13．C14．D15．C【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Phoenix在一名叫做BadeSimon的老師那里學習鋼琴，他由最開始的不情愿到后來功成名就后，Phoenix感激和BadeSimon度過的那段時光的故事。1．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那時，我們會開玩笑，花一上午的時間來上課。A.walk散步；B.joke玩笑；C.look看；D.stick陷住。根據(jù)下文“hislightheartedSaturdaymorningswithhisformerteacher”可知，Phoenix和之前的鋼琴教師過得很輕松，推斷出Phoenix和他之前的老師會在上課的時候開玩笑。故選擇B項。2．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Phoenix回憶道：“那時，我們會開玩笑，花一上午的時間來上課?！?。A.announced宣布；B.sighed嘆息；C.regretted后悔；D.recalled回憶起。根據(jù)上文“Atthattimewewould1aroundandtakeallmorningjusttohavealesson（那時，我們會開玩笑，花一上午的時間來上課。）”可知，這里說的是回憶過去的事情，故選擇D項。3．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但當Phoenix12歲時，他的老師提出他需要更好的指導。A.instruction教授，指導；B.behavior行為；C.recognition識別；D.relationship關系。根據(jù)下文“SohismothertookhimtoamusicschoolintheBronx,andsignedhimupforclasseswithateachernamedBadeSimon（因此，他的母親帶他去了布朗克斯的一所音樂學校，并為他報名參加了一位名叫BadeSimon的老師的課程）”可知，這里說的是以前的老師認為他需要更好的指導，故選擇A項。4．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：于是，他的母親帶他去了布朗克斯的一所音樂學校，并為他報名參加了一位名叫BadeSimon的老師的課程，這位老師以嚴厲著稱。A.sweet甜蜜的；B.violent暴力的；C.tough嚴厲的；D.strange陌生的。根據(jù)下文“thestressfullife（緊張的生活）”可知，BadeSimon老師的課程讓Phoenix感覺到有壓力，說明這位老師非常嚴厲。故選擇C項。5．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她很快證明不負盛名。A.expectation預料；B.standard標準；C.quality質(zhì)量；D.reputation名聲。根據(jù)前文“knownforbeing____4____（以嚴厲著稱）”及后文“soitwasn’tlongbeforehe____7____thathewouldquit（所以沒過多久，他就決定離開。）”可知，BadeSimon一直有嚴厲的名聲，以至于Phoenix都決定想要離開，推斷出她沒有辜負她嚴厲的名聲。故選擇D項。6．考查不定代詞詞義辨析。句意：Phoenix發(fā)現(xiàn)緊張的生活一點也不像他周六早上和前老師一起輕松愉快，所以沒過多久他就決定離開。A.something某事；B.everything每件事；C.nothing沒有什么；D.anything任何事情。根據(jù)下文“hislightheartedSaturdaymorningswithhisformerteacher（他和以前的老師一起輕松愉快的周六早上）”可知，這里說的是一點也不像，故選擇C項。7．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：菲尼克斯發(fā)現(xiàn)，緊張的生活一點也不像他周六早上和以前老師一起輕松愉快，所以沒過多久，他就決定離開。A.pretended假裝；B.admitted承認；C.rejected拒絕；D.decided決定。根據(jù)前文“Phoenixfoundthestressfullifewas____6____likehislightheartedSaturdaymorningswithhisformerteacher（Phoenix發(fā)現(xiàn)，緊張的生活一點也不像他周六早上和以前老師一起輕松愉快）”可推斷出他在不久之后決定離開。故選擇D項。8．考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：然而，有一天，Bade轉(zhuǎn)向他，說了一句令人驚訝的話：“我對你有信心。繼續(xù)努力?！盇.attendedto照顧；B.turnedto轉(zhuǎn)向某人；C.liedto對……撒謊；D.referredto提到。根據(jù)后文“saidsomethingsurprising”可知，Bade轉(zhuǎn)向和Phoenix說話。故選擇B項。9．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我對你有信心。A.courage勇氣；B.faith信心；C.doubt懷疑；D.luck好運。根據(jù)下文“Keepgoing.（繼續(xù)努力。）”可知，這里說的是我對你有信心，故選擇B項。10．考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：然后這個不情愿的學生做了一件令人驚訝的事作為回報：他說：“好吧。”A.inreturn作為交換；B.invain徒勞；C.intime及時；D.inpeace平靜地。根據(jù)前文“Ihave____9____inyou.Keepgoing.（我對你有信心。繼續(xù)努力。）”可知，由Bade夸獎了Phoenix，可以推斷出這讓Phoenix很感動，于是他做了一件令人驚訝的事作為回報。故選擇A項。11．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就好像我想要的只是她關心我的一個信號。A.promise承諾；B.sign信號；C.notice通知；D.vision視野。根據(jù)下文“shecaredaboutme”可知，Bade是一位很嚴厲的老師，她能說出鼓勵的話就已經(jīng)算是關心Phoenix的一個信號了。故選擇B項。12．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那一刻改變了他們的關系。A.recovered恢復；B.transformed

改變；C.ruined毀滅；D.clouded使模糊。根據(jù)后文“Itwasthebeginningofalongandfruitfulrelationship.（這是一段長期而富有成果的關系的開始。）”可知，兩個人的關系由之前的嚴厲而有壓力的關系轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐欢伍L期而富有成果的關系。故選擇B項。13．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不到幾個星期，他們就在上課時玩得很開心了。A.stress壓力；B.patience耐心；C.fun樂趣；D.argument爭論。根據(jù)下文“Itwasthebeginningofalongandfruitfulrelationship（這是一段長期而富有成果的關系的開始）”可知，由兩個人相處變好了，可以推斷出他們在上課時玩得開心。故選擇C項。14．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Phoenix說：“我進入了音樂界，成為了一名鋼琴老師，這一職業(yè)我已經(jīng)做了50年?！?。A.acting表演；B.singing唱歌；C.composition作曲；D.music音樂。根據(jù)后文“becameapianoteacher（成為了一名鋼琴老師）”可知，這是和音樂相關的職業(yè)。故選擇D項。15．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“這一切都歸功于與我的無名英雄BadeSimon在一起的那一刻?！盇.leave離開；B.lead帶領；C.owe把……歸功于；D.add增加。根據(jù)后文“preciousmomentwithmyunsunghero,BadeSimon”可知，我把Bade認作無名英雄，說明我覺得我的成就要歸功于和她在一起的那一刻。故選擇C項。三、閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共16小題；每小題2分，共32分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATheNewYorkAquariumoffersdiverseseaanimalsandniceviewingexperienceforallourguests.Whetheryou’reobservingpenguinsorswimmingunderwatertolookatcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)underthewater,orcheeringCaliforniasealionsonatthetheater,you’llfindplentytoseeanddoduringyourvisit.Yourunderwateradventureiswaitingforyou!Thissummer,gotoConeyIslandtolearnabouttheunderwaterworldattheNewYorkAquarium.JustofftheConeyIslandinBrooklyn,theNewYorkAquariumfeaturesmorethan300marine(海生的)species,suchasdolphinsandseals.Meetsomeofourmammalsandfish,andlearnsomethingusefulaboutthem.SummerhoursMay28—Sept.510：00am—6：00pm，Monday—Friday10：00am—7：00pm，Weekends&HolidaysFallhoursSept.6—Nov.610：00am—5：00pm，Monday—Friday10：00am—5：30pm，Weekends&HolidaysWinterhoursNov.7—Mar.3110：00am—4：30pm，DailySpringhoursApr.1—May2710：00am—5：00pm，Monday—Friday10：00am—5：30pm，Weekends&HolidaysTotalExperienceTicketAdult$18.00Child(Aged3—12)$14.00Senior(65＋)$15.00Groups(atleasttenvisitors)$8.00*Includesadmissiontoour4-DTheaterPlusGeneralAdmission.*Childrenunder3arefree!*Toenjoythegrouprate,youmustmakeareservationatleasttwoweeksinadvanceofyourgroup’svisit.Pleasecall718-741-1818.ASpecialonFridayAfternoonAdmissiononFridaysbeginningat3:00pmisbydonation.Suggesteddonationis$13foradults,$9forchildren,and$10forseniors.Everydollaryougivesupportsourworkincaringforanimalsattheaquarium.AquariumParkingCar$13.00Bus$13.00Pleasenote：*Duetorisingcosts,theWildlifeConservationSociety(WCS)reservestherighttochangeallfeeswithoutnotice.*Allbuildingsandexhibitionsinthisaquariumareaccessiblebywheelchair.*Forfurtherinformation,pleasecall718-265-3454.16．Whichanimalcan’tbeprobablyseenbythevisitorsattheNewYorkAquarium?A．Penguins. B．Pandas. C．Dolphins. D．Seals.17．Sixadults(includingamanof68)andtwochildren(aged2and10)aregoingtovisittheNewYorkAquariumonSunday.Theywillhavetopay________.A．$144 B．$133 C．$119 D．$16018．Whatisthedonationusedfor?A．Tohelpthepeopleinneed. B．Tohelpthedisabledvisitors.C．Tocareforanimalsattheaquarium. D．Tohelptosavetheendangeredanimalsintheworld19．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．VisitorscanenjoyfreeparkingserviceonFriday.B．YoucanvisittheNewYorkAquariumat5:30pmonChristmas.C．AvisitorinawheelchaircangetaroundattheNewYorkAquarium.D．Toenjoythegrouprate,visitorsmustreservetwoweeksinadvance.【答案】16．B17．C18．C19．C【分析】這是一篇應用文。本文詳細介紹了紐約水族館所提供的各種服務、相關的信息以及收費情況。16．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Whetheryou’reobservingpenguinsorswimmingunderwatertolookatcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)underthewater,orcheeringCaliforniasealionsonatthetheater,you’llfindplentytoseeanddoduringyourvisit.(無論你是在觀察企鵝，在水下游泳，看看水下的珊瑚礁，還是在劇院為加州海獅歡呼，你都會發(fā)現(xiàn)在你的參觀途中有很多可看可做的)”以及第二段“JustofftheConeyIslandinBrooklyn,theNewYorkAquariumfeaturesmorethan300marine(海生的)species,suchasdolphinsandseals.(紐約水族館位于布魯克林的科尼島附近，以海豚和海豹等300多種海洋物種為特色)”可知，B選項“熊貓”紐約水族館的游客們可能看不到。故選B。17．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TotalExperienceTicket部分中“Adult$18.00；Child(Aged3—12)$14.00；Senior(65＋)$15.00；*Childrenunder3arefree!(成人：18美元；兒童(3到12歲)：14美元；65歲以上老人：15美元；*3歲以下兒童免費！)”可知，周日，六名成年人（包括一名68歲的男子）和兩名兒童（2歲和10歲）將參觀紐約水族館。他們將支付18*5+15+14=119美元。故選C。18．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ASpecialonFridayAfternoon部分中“Everydollaryougivesupportsourworkincaringforanimalsattheaquarium.(你捐出的每一美元都將用于支持我們在水族館照顧動物的工作)”可知，捐款的用途是照顧水族館的動物。故選C。19．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“*Allbuildingsandexhibitionsinthisaquariumareaccessiblebywheelchair.(*該水族館內(nèi)的所有建筑和展覽都可乘坐輪椅進入)”可知，坐在輪椅上的游客可以在紐約水族館游覽。故選C。BIreadsomewherethatwespendafullthirdofourliveswaiting.Butwherearewedoingallofthiswaiting,andwhatdoesitmeantoanimpatientsocietylikeours?Tounderstandtheissue,let’stakealookatthreetypesof“waits”.TheverypurestformofwaitingistheWatched-PotWait,ItiswithoutdoubtthemostannoyingofallTakefillingupthekitchensink(洗碗池)asanexample.Thereisabsolutelynothingyoucandowhilethisisgoingonbutkeepbotheyesfixedonthesinkuntilit’sfull.Duringthesewaits,thebrainslipsawayfromthebodyandwandersaboutuntilthewaterrunsovertheedgeofthecounterandontoyoursocks.Thiskindofwaitmakesthewaiterhelplessandmindless.AcousintotheWatched-PotWaitistheForcedWait.Thisonerequiresabitofdiscipline.ProperlypreparingpackagednoodlesouprequiresaForcedWait.Directionsareveryspecific.“Bringthreecupsofwatertoboil,addmix,simmerthreeminutes,removefromheat,letstandfiveminutes.”Ihavemydoubtsthatanyonehasactuallyfollowedtheproceduresstrictly.Afterall,ForcedWaitingrequirespatiencePerhapsthemostpowerfultypeofwaitingistheLucky-BreakWait.Thistypeofwaitisunusualinthatitisforthemostpartvoluntary.UnliketheForcedWait,whichisalsovoluntary,waitingforyourluckybreakdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatitwillhappen.Turningone’slifeintoawaitinggamerequiresfaithandhope,andisstrictlyfortheoptimistsamongus.Onthesurfaceitseemsasridiculousasfollowingthedirectionsonsoupmixes,buttheLucky-BreakWaitwellservesthosewhoarewillingtodoit.Aslongasonedoesn’tcometorelyonit,wishingforafewgoodthingstohappenneverhurtsanybody.Wecertainlydospendagooddealofourtimewaiting.Thenexttimeyou’restandingatthesinkwaitingforittofillwhilecookingnoodlesoupthatyou’llhavetoeatuntilalargebagofcashfallsoutofthesky,don’tbedesperate.You’reprobablyjustasbusyasthenextguy.20．WhiledoingaWatched-PotWaitwetendto__________.A．keepourselvesbus B．getabsent-minded C．growanxious D．stayfocused21．WhatisthedifferencebetweentheForcedWaitandtheWatched-PotWait?A．TheForcedWaitrequiressomeself-control. B．TheForcedWaitmakespeoplepassive.C．TheWatched-PotWaitneedsdirections. D．TheWatched-PotWaitengagesbodyandbrain.22．WhatcanwelearnabouttheLucky-BreakWait?A．ItislessvoluntarythantheForcedWait. B．Itdoesn’talwaysbringthedesiredresult.C．ItismorefruitfulthantheForcedWait. D．Itdoesn’tgivepeoplefaithandhope.23．Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodothenexttimewearewaiting!A．Takeitseriously B．Don’trelyonothers C．Dosomethingelse D．Don’tloseheart【答案】20．B21．A22．B23．D【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要描述了等待分為三種，我們不應該在等待時失去信心。20．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thereisabsolutelynothingyoucandowhilethisisgoingonbutkeepbotheyesfixedonthesinkuntilit’sfull.Duringthesewaits,thebrainslipsawayfromthebodyandwandersaboutuntilthewaterrunsovertheedgeofthecounterandontoyoursocks.”（在這個過程中，你什么也做不了，只能盯著水槽，直到它滿了。在等待的過程中，大腦離開了身體，四處游蕩，直到水溢出柜臺的邊緣，流到你的襪子上。）可知，當我們盯著水池看的時候，我們往往心不在焉。故選B。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“AcousintotheWatched-PotWaitistheForcedWait.Thisonerequiresabitofdiscipline.”（與“守鍋等待”類似的是“強制等待”?！皬娖鹊却毙枰稽c自制力。）可知，強迫等待與守鍋等待的區(qū)別是強迫等待需要一些自制力。故選A。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“UnliketheForcedWait,whichisalsovoluntary,waitingforyourluckybreakdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatitwillhappen.”（不像強迫等待，它是自愿的，等待你的幸運突破并不一定意味著它會發(fā)生。）可知，幸運的等待并不總是帶來預期的結(jié)果。故選B。23．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thenexttimeyou’restandingatthesinkwaitingforittofillwhilecookingnoodlesoupthatyou’llhavetoeatuntilalargebagofcashfallsoutofthesky,don’tbedesperate.”（我們確實花費了相當長時間等待。下次當你站在水槽旁煮面湯，期待著它被注滿時，即使沒有一大袋現(xiàn)金從天而降，也不要感到絕望。）可知，作者建議我們下次等待時不要失去信心。故選D。CThinkbacktoyourfirstmemory.Howoldwereyouatthetime?Chancesareyoucan’trememberanythingearlierthankindergartenorprimaryschool—nothingaboutyourfirstwords,steps,orsolidfoodotherthanwhatyourparentshavelatertoldyou.Thisphenomenoniscalled“infantileamnesia”,duetowhichthemajorityofadultsrarelyrememberthingsthathappentothembeforetheageofthree.Sowhyisitthatwecan’trememberbeingababy?Theanswerliesinthewaythatourbrain’sabilitytostorememorieschangesaswegrow.Atbirth,ababy’sbrainisonlyaquarterofitsadultsize,growingtothree-quartersthesizeofanadultbrainbyagetwo.Thisincreaseisassociatedwithagrowthinthenumberofbraincells—calledneurons(神經(jīng)元)—andtheconnectionsbetweenthesecells.Apartofthebrainthatisparticularlyimportantinformingmemoriesisthehippocampus(海馬體),saysDrDhanishaJhaveri,aresearcheratTheUniversityofQueensland.Thisregionstoresautobiographicalmemoriesfromspecificeventsinourlives.“Inthehippocampus,newneuronsareconstantlybeingcreated.Inadulthood,newcellsarestillbeingproduced,buttherateofproductioninthehippocampusslowsdown,”saysDrJhaveri.Neuroscientistsbelievethattherapidrateatwhichbraincellsarebeingproducedinchildhoodcouldbethecauseofinfantileamnesia.Becausesomanynewneuronsarebeingproducedandformconnectionswitheachotherinmemorycircuits,theymightdisrupt(擾亂)existingnetworksofmemoriesthathavealreadyformed.Despitethismemoryloss,childhoodexperienceshavebeenfoundtoinfluenceadultbehaviouryearslater,whichsuggeststhattracesofthesememoriescouldbestoredsomewhereinthebrainthatisn’teasytoaccess.Inresearchinanimals,scientistshavefoundthatlatent(潛在的)tracesofearlyexperiencesremaininthebrainforalongtime,andcanlaterbetriggered(觸發(fā))byareminder.Ithighlightstheimportantinfluenceofearlylifeexperiencesonmentalandemotionalwell-beinglaterinlife.24．Whatisinfantileamnesia?A．Theinabilitytoformmemoriesduringadulthood. B．Theinabilitytorecallearlyexperiences.C．Theinfluenceonexistingmemorynetworks. D．Theinfluenceonmentalandemotionalwell-being.25．Whatdowelearnaboutthebrainaccordingtothepassage?A．Newneuronsdisruptexistingmemorycircuits. B．Thehippocampusplaysapassiveroleinone’smemory.C．Ababy’sbrainisthree-quartersthesizeofanadultbrain. D．Braincellsarebeingproducedmorerapidlyinadulthood.26．Whatdoestheresearchinanimalsshow?A．Memoriesarestoredseparatelyintheirbrain. B．Memoriesaremainlyformedwhentheyareyoung.C．Earlyexperienceshavealong-termimpactonlife. D．Earlyexperiencesareeasytobetriggeredbyareminder.27．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheFormationofEarlyChildhoodMemoriesB．TheImpactofInfantileAmnesiaonMemoryNetworksC．TheRoleoftheHippocampusinMemoryFormationD．TheInfluenceofEarlyLifeExperiencesonMentalWell-being【答案】24．B25．A26．C27．B【導語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了什么是嬰兒健忘癥并分析了嬰兒健忘癥的原因以及嬰兒健忘癥對人體記憶網(wǎng)的影響。24．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Chancesareyoucan’trememberanythingearlierthankindergartenorprimaryschool—nothingaboutyourfirstwords,steps,orsolidfoodotherthanwhatyourparentshavelatertoldyou.Thisphenomenoniscalled“infantileamnesia”,duetowhichthemajorityofadultsrarelyrememberthingsthathappentothembeforetheageofthree.(你很可能記不起幼兒園或者小學前的任何事情了——你對第一個單詞、走的第一步和吃的第一個固體食物一無所知。除了父母后來告訴你的那些東西。這種現(xiàn)象被稱為“嬰兒健忘癥”，因此大多數(shù)成年人很少記得三歲前發(fā)生的在他們身上的事情。)”可知，“嬰兒健忘癥”指的是很少有人記得三歲前發(fā)生在他們身上的事情，故選B。25．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Becausesomanynewneuronsarebeingproducedandformconnectionswitheachotherinmemorycircuits,theymightdisrupt(擾亂)existingnetworksofmemoriesthathavealreadyformed.(因為太多的新的神經(jīng)元正在產(chǎn)生，并在記憶電路中相互連接，它們可能會擾亂已經(jīng)形成的現(xiàn)有記憶網(wǎng)。)”可知，太多的神經(jīng)元產(chǎn)生了，可能會擾亂現(xiàn)有的記憶網(wǎng)，故選A。26．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Inresearchinanimals,scientistshavefoundthatlatent(潛在的)tracesofearlyexperiencesremaininthebrainforalongtime,andcanlaterbetriggered(觸發(fā))byareminder.Ithighlightstheimportantinfluenceofearlylifeexperiencesonmentalandemotionalwell-beinglaterinlife.(在對動物的研究中，科學家們發(fā)現(xiàn)潛在的早期經(jīng)歷的痕跡會在大腦中保留很長一段時間，以后可能會被提醒出來。它強調(diào)了早期生活經(jīng)歷對以后生活的心理和情感健康的重要影響。)”可知，早期的經(jīng)歷會在大腦中保留很長的時間，對以后的心理和情感造成了一定的影響，故早期的經(jīng)歷對生活有著長遠的影響，故選C。27．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Chancesareyoucan’trememberanythingearlierthankindergartenorprimaryschool—nothingaboutyourfirstwords,steps,orsolidfoodotherthanwhatyourparentshavelatertoldyou.Thisphenomenoniscalled“infantileamnesia”,duetowhichthemajorityofadultsrarelyrememberthingsthathappentothembeforethe