選擇性Unit1詞匯練習(xí)2

選擇性必修第四冊(cè)Unit1I.詞匯默寫(xiě)Ⅰ.核心單詞1.____________vt.讓(某人)離開(kāi);解散;解雇;消除2.____________ vt.&vi.假設(shè);假定3.____________ adj.更好的;更高的;占優(yōu)勢(shì)的4.____________ n.勞動(dòng)(者);體力勞動(dòng)vi.奮斗;努力工作Ⅱ.拓展單詞1.appointvt.&vi.委派;任命→____________n.約會(huì);預(yù)約;委任2.declarevt.表明;宣稱(chēng);公布→____________n.(納稅品等的)申報(bào);宣布;公告;申訴書(shū)3.presumevt.&vi.假設(shè);假定→____________adj.假定的;推測(cè)的→____________n.放肆,傲慢;推測(cè)4.calculatevt.推測(cè);計(jì)算;核算→____________n.計(jì)算器→____________n.計(jì)算;估計(jì);計(jì)算的結(jié)果5.actvt.&vi.行動(dòng);表現(xiàn);起作用;扮演(角色)→____________n.男/女演員→____________n.行為;行動(dòng);活動(dòng)→____________adj.積極的;活躍的;主動(dòng)的;有效的→____________n.活動(dòng);行動(dòng);活躍6.dividevt.&vi.(使)分開(kāi);分成;除→____________n.分開(kāi);分離;差異;除(法)7.urgen.沖動(dòng)vt.催促;力勸→____________adj.緊急的,急迫的→____________adv.緊急地,急迫地→____________n.緊急;催促;緊急的事8.explodevt.&vi.爆炸;爆破→____________n.爆炸→____________adj.爆炸性的;爆發(fā)性的;n.炸藥;爆炸物9.staten.國(guó)家;州;情境;vt.規(guī)定;聲明;陳述→____________n.聲稱(chēng);聲明;陳述→____________n.夸大;夸張10.alienn.外星人(生物);外國(guó)人adj.陌生的;外星的;外國(guó)人的→____________vt.使疏遠(yuǎn),離間III.核心短語(yǔ)1.____________科幻小說(shuō)(或影片等)

2.____________ 檢測(cè);測(cè)試

3.____________ 更像是;更接近

4.____________ 根據(jù);以……的方式(基準(zhǔn))

5.____________ 事物的利與弊;支持與反對(duì)

6.____________ 比……更好;更勝一籌

7.____________ 占上風(fēng);取而代之;接管;接手

8.____________ 與……沖突或抵觸

9.____________ 關(guān)掉;熄滅;在場(chǎng);使朝外;結(jié)果是

10.____________ (逐漸)減少;消失

11.____________ 有強(qiáng)烈的欲望做某事

IV.經(jīng)典句式1.句型公式:it作形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句Clairethought____________________shewasbeingofferedsympathybyarobot,butshegraduallyadmiredhiswisdomandintegrityandbegantotrusthim.

克萊爾覺(jué)得機(jī)器人對(duì)她表示同情很可笑,但她漸漸欣賞他的智慧和正直,并開(kāi)始信任他。2.句型公式:“therebe”句型的變形Assheturnedaround,____________________GladysClaffern.

她剛一轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái),就看到格拉迪絲·克拉芬站在那里。3.句型公式:Itis/was...that強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)____________________thefirstofallTimeMachinesbeganitscareer.

就在今天十點(diǎn)時(shí),第一臺(tái)時(shí)間機(jī)器開(kāi)始工作了。參考答案Ⅰ.1.dismissvt.讓(某人)離開(kāi);解散;解雇;消除2.presume vt.&vi.假設(shè);假定3.superior adj.更好的;更高的;占優(yōu)勢(shì)的4.labour n.勞動(dòng)(者);體力勞動(dòng) vi.奮斗;努力工作Ⅱ.1.appointvt.&vi.委派;任命→appointmentn.約會(huì);預(yù)約;委任2.declarevt.表明;宣稱(chēng);公布→declarationn.(納稅品等的)申報(bào);宣布;公告;申訴書(shū)3.presumevt.&vi.假設(shè);假定→presumedadj.假定的;推測(cè)的→presumptionn.放肆,傲慢;推測(cè)4.calculatevt.推測(cè);計(jì)算;核算→calculatorn.計(jì)算器→calculationn.計(jì)算;估計(jì);計(jì)算的結(jié)果5.actvt.&vi.行動(dòng);表現(xiàn);起作用;扮演(角色)→actor/actressn.男/女演員→actionn.行為;行動(dòng);活動(dòng)→activeadj.積極的;活躍的;主動(dòng)的;有效的→activityn.活動(dòng);行動(dòng);活躍6.dividevt.&vi.(使)分開(kāi);分成;除→divisionn.分開(kāi);分離;差異;除(法)7.urgen.沖動(dòng)vt.催促;力勸→urgentadj.緊急的,急迫的→urgentlyadv.緊急地,急迫地→urgencyn.緊急;催促;緊急的事8.explodevt.&vi.爆炸;爆破→explosionn.爆炸→explosiveadj.爆炸性的;爆發(fā)性的;n.炸藥;爆炸物9.staten.國(guó)家;州;情境;vt.規(guī)定;聲明;陳述→statementn.聲稱(chēng);聲明;陳述→overstatementn.夸大;夸張10.alienn.外星人(生物);外國(guó)人adj.陌生的;外星的;外國(guó)人的→alienatevt.使疏遠(yuǎn),離間III.1.sciencefiction科幻小說(shuō)(或影片等)

2.testout 檢測(cè);測(cè)試

3.morelike 更像是;更接近

4.ona...basis 根據(jù);以……的方式(基準(zhǔn))

5.prosandcons 事物的利與弊;支持與反對(duì)

6.superiorto 比……更好;更勝一籌

7.takeover 占上風(fēng);取而代之;接管;接手

8.conflictwith 與……沖突或抵觸

9.turnout 關(guān)掉;熄滅;在場(chǎng);使朝外;結(jié)果是

10.fallaway (逐漸)減少;消失

11.haveanurgeto 有強(qiáng)烈的欲望做某事

IV.1.句型公式:it作形式主語(yǔ)的主語(yǔ)從句Clairethoughtitwasridiculousthatshewasbeingofferedsympathybyarobot,butshegraduallyadmiredhiswisdomandintegrityandbegantotrusthim.

克萊爾覺(jué)得機(jī)器人對(duì)她表示同情很可笑,但她漸漸欣賞他的智慧和正直,并開(kāi)始信任他。2.句型公式:“therebe”句型的變形Assheturnedaround,therestoodGladysClaffern.

她剛一轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái),就看到格拉迪絲·克拉芬站在那里。3.句型公式:Itis/was...that強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)Itwasatteno’clocktodaythatthefirstofallTimeMachinesbeganitscareer.

就在今天十點(diǎn)時(shí),第一臺(tái)時(shí)間機(jī)器開(kāi)始工作了。II.綜合練習(xí)一、單句填空1.Tomhadtoturntheinvitationtothepartylastweekendbecausehewastoobusy.2.Theirhouse(break)whentheywereawayonholidays.3.UkrainianPresidentsaidthatRussia’sattacks(destroy)about30percentofUkraine’spowerstations.4.Weighttrainingclasses,forexample,(design)andwillbeaddedtoourprogrammesoon.5.Thisessaygainedallthereviewers’goodmentsandwasafullmark.(grade)6.Thegovernmenthas(declare)warondrugdealers.7.Inanother,employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplaceswere(decorate)withhouseplants.8.Thoughtheylostthegame,theyrefusedtoacknowledgethatthey(defeat).9.Halfofthebuilding(destroy)bytheearthquake.10.Eachswimmer(equip)withawetsuitthatcanprotectthemselvesduringthecrossStraitsswim.11.Youareexpectedtocopythewordsinthepassagethat(underline).12.Thehungrybearfollowedhisnosetoourcamp,which(surround)byahighfence.13.Inthepast,moners(平民)(prohibit)fromenteringtheForbiddenCitywithoutpermissionandonlyimperialfamiliesandinvitedhighofficialscouldenter.14.Thecars(produce)inHubeiProvincelastyear.15.Agreatnumberofcollegesanduniversities(establish)since1949.16.Thenhesaidtheyhadfoundapileofpapersintheirtrashcan(垃圾桶)that?(leave)onthefootpath.17.Largeamountsoffood(transport)totheearthquakestrikenareainthepastfewweeks.18.Somenicecakes(make)bymymotherfrom7to10lastnight.19.Though(urge)togotobedmanytimes,thelittleboyjustturnedadeafearandfixedhiseyesonthecartoons.20.Thescenerycaughtfire,then(explode)inaconflagrationthatengulfedtheauditoriumwithinaminuteortwo.21.Thelittleboywas(freeze)withfrightatthesightofthethief’sslippingintotheroom.22.Greatcontributions(make)byMr.Wangtothepanyinthepasttenyears.Sohedeservesthepraise.23.Micelong(use)tofindoutmoreabouthowthehumanbody(affect)bythetravel.24.Iknewweweregoingtowin,buttomydisappointmentwe(defeat).25.Amy,alongwithhisbrothers,(give)awarmwelewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.26.Ourrelationship(strength)overthepastthreeyears.27.Robintoldmefirmlythathehadanimportantbusiness(appoint)thenextday.28.Everypossiblemeans(try)sofar,andwefindonlythismeansisitpossibletopersuadehim.29.Todaythepublicismuchconcernedaboutthewaynature(ruin).30.Everythinginmychildhoodcrowdedintomymindasifthey(happen)yesterday.31.Apparently,themostdepressingdayoftheyearisthethirdMondayinJanuary,whenit’scoldanddarkoutside.Thisday(nickname)‘BlueMonday’bypsychologistCliffArnallin2004.32.—Whatisthatnoise?—Oh,Iforgottotellyouthatthenewmachine(test).33.Atomicenergy（discover）inthetwentiethcentury,butsofarithasnotbeenwidelyusedinindustry.34.AftertheSecondWorldWar,Germanywas(divide)intotwoseparatecountries.35.Jacksonknewhewould（shout）atifhewenttoworklateagain.36.TheGreatWall(build)thousandsofyearsago.37.Bytheendoflastyear,anothermagicdesign(plete).38.Mybrotherhasan(appoint)withthedentistthisafternoon.39.He(educate)ataverygoodschoolwhenhewasyoung.40.Asaresult,localfarmers(employ)tocatchtheinsects,whichledtotheirdisappearancefromthewholezone.41.Thiskindofknife(cut)well.42.Thecrew(rescue)safeandsound.43.Farmingproducedmorefoodperpersonthanhuntingandgathering,sopeoplewereabletoraisemorechildren.And,asmorechildrenwereborn,morefood(need).44.Shewas(award)theprizeforbothfilms.45.Atthewindowsinherbedroom(hang)somebeautifulcurtainswhichwereboughtyesterday.46.Jimwaslisteningattentivelytothelecture,andallhisattention(fix)onit.47.He(invite)todinneryesterdayevening.48.Becauseofhumanactivities,thesoilinthisregionhasbeen（destroy）andturnedintodesert.49.NotonlyAlicebutalsoJaneandMary(appoint)asmanagersofthelocalstoressincetheywonthenationalsalespetitionattheendofOctober.50.That(sound)great.Dealmein!51.Theproblem(discuss)atthemeetingnowishowtocutbackoncosts.52.Shouldthebrothershavebeen(qualified)orhighlypraisedfortheiractions?53.Animals(kill)fortheirfurandfeathers,especiallyinthepastfewdecadessimplybecausetheywereintheway.54.It(damage)partlybynaturalforceslikeearthquakes,butthegreatestdamageofallhasbeencausedbyman.55.Itwasthefirsttimethathisbook(translate)intomanylanguages.56.Measureshavebeen(take)topreventthechildrenfromthatkindofdanger.57.Steamengines(use)topullthecarriageanditmustbefairlyunpleasantforthepassengers.However,therailwaysquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccess.58.Thepoliceman(suspend)whiletheplaintwasinvestigated.59.Thereporturgedthatallchildren(teach)toswim.60.Thehistoricbuilding(destroy)byfireinthepasttwoyears.61.Everypossiblemeans(use)topreventthecrash,buttheputerstilldoesn’twork.62.Theirmilitarycapability(bereduced)becausetheirairforceprovesnottobeeffective.63.AsfarasIamconcerned,thiswasoneofthemostspecialquestionsthat(everraise)atsuchameeting.64.Todate,noconvincingevidence(be)foundthattheEarthwasonceasupergreenhouse.65.Littleisknownoftheyoungestson;it(presume)thathediedyoung.66.Traffic(interrupt)bythedensefog.67.Muchtotheirdelight,theirnewproject(approve)attheconference,theexcitedscholarsdecidedtohaysabarbecuetocelebratethefantasticmoment.68.Muchprogress(make)inChinawiththehelpofthepeople’shardwork.69.Thegettogetherintheteahouse(cancel)bythetimewearrived.70.Theceremony(transmit)bysatellitetooverfiftycountries.71.Astudyin1970foundthat80,000puters(use)inbusinessthenintheUnitedStates.72.Hishome(break)intolastnightandhelosthisnewbike.73.Itisreportedthatover1,000sharks(fin)lastyear.74.Bythetimethetornadoended,morethan700people(kill).75.Anewbridge(build)acrosstheriver.Itwillbefinishednextyear.76.Thisisoneofthefarthestplacesthat(explore)sofarinthatcountry.77.He’salwaysbeen(surround)bypeoplewhoadorehim.78.Foodprices(raise)inthepastfewmonths,butwedon’tknowwhetherthey(remain)so.79.ThenewsthatFlightMU5735crashed(confirm)bynow.80.Whenandwheretogofortheonsalaryholiday(decide).二、語(yǔ)法填空1閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Uptonow,anautonomousunderwatervehicle(AUV)developedbyaChineseuniversityteamhasobtainedabundantdataduringthecountry'slatestArcticexpedition,81(reveal)variousfeaturesbeneaththeNorthPole.Thered,fishshapedrobotcalled“XH1000”wasmadebyresearchersfromHarbinEngineeringUniversity.Duringthe13thArcticOceanscientificexpedition82concludedinlateSeptember,it83(plete)undericeenvironmentdetectionoperationsneartheChukchiSeaandrelayedplentyofdata,includingoceanwatertemperature,salinityandpHlevels.84(equip)withdomesticallydevelopeddetectionsonar(聲吶),thepolarobservingAUVexploredanareaof7,000squaremetersbeneaththeArcticice.OperationteamleaderZhuZhongben,85associateprofessor,saidthe86(inform)gatheredwillhelpscientistsimprovetheirunderstandingofthechangingprocessofseaiceandoceancurrentsinthisregion,providingdatasupportfor87(effective)copingwiththeimpactofglobalclimatechange88China.Chinesescientistssetoffforthe13thArcticOceanscientificexpeditiononJuly12aboardthepolaricebreakerXuelong2,travelling15,000nauticalmilesbeforereturning.ItreachedtheNorthPoleonSept.5,generating89(value)experienceforroboticships90(work)inthehighriskpolarareasandfillingthegapinthecountry'sscientificresearchonthepolarregion.2閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。China’sfirstlargehomemadecruiseship(游輪),roughlytheheightofa25storybuilding,is91(schedule)tobedeliveredtoitsuseraroundtheendofthisyear.Constructionoftheship,whichhasyettobenamed,startedinOctober,2019.“Sofar,wehavepleted90percentofthecruiseship’sconstruction.Engineershavebeguntoinstallinner92(equip).WeplantomoveitoutofthedrydockinJune93(continue)thefittingprocess,”saidChenGang,chiefdesignerofthelargecruiseship.Aftertheconstructionfinishes,therewillbeatleasttwoseatrialsinthesummertotesttheship,andalsotocheck94theroomsandentertainmentfacilities(設(shè)施)arefortable.Therewillbe16storiesofliving,shoppingandentertainmentspace,whichwillofferavarietyofmusical95(performance),artshowsandfoodoptions.“Uponitspletion,therewillbeabout25millionponentsontheship,5timesthatofChina’shomedesignedC919planeand13timesthatontheFuxingseriesbullettrain.The96(bine)lengthoftheelectriccablesontheshipismorethan4,200kilometers,”Chensaid,97(note)thathisshipyardhasusedalotofadvancedtechniquesandmachinerytobuildtheship.TheprojectmarksthefirsttimeChinahasbuiltalargeadvancedcruiseship98itsown.Itisanewmilestoneforthecountry’sshipbuildingindustrybecauseitmarksanendtothetime99Chinacouldn’tdesignandconstructlargecruiseships100(independent).3閱讀下面短文，在空白處填人1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AIchatbotphenomenonChatGPTischangingtheworldandhaskickedoffanewglobalAIrace.Someexpertsregardeditasoneofthegreatest101(invent)sincetheinternet.Overthepastfewweeks,I102(find)thatChatGPThasseveraladvantagesoverushumans.103

instance,ChatGPTcanrapidlylookthroughthewholeinternetbaseddatabase.Itcanalsoposesentencesandsummarizeinformationalmostaswellashumans,andimproveitselfthroughdeeplearning.ButthereisoneaspectwhereChatGPTfallsfarbehindhumans:Thepursuitofabetterlifeis104distinguisheshumansfromAL.Peoplegrewtiredofwalkingonfoot,sovehicles105(develop).Peopledreamedofflyinginthesky,soaircraftswereinvented.Inasense,itispeople’sseekingforabetterlife106

pusheshumanhistoryforward.ThatappliestothedevelopmentofAI,too.However,ChatGPTisonlyapileofcode,writtenas107

meansonlytosolveproblems.Theycannotraiseproblemstosolve,whichiswhytheycannotimprove108(dependent).YetAIiswithoutanygenes.Ithasbeencreatedasatooltoofferservice109(make)people’slivesbetter,aspartofthewholeeffortsofimprovinglives.That’swhythereisnoneedtoworryaboutAI110(replace)humans.4閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Delicate,bright,andsofttothetouch,thesilkhaspassedthewaythroughoutChina’shistory.Noonecanbe111(exact)certainofitsorigin.ButthehumbleancientChinesepeoplecreditedtheirownwisdomtoLeizu,wifeoftheYellowEmperor(thelegendaryancestorofChinesepeople),as112inventorofsericulture(養(yǎng)蠶).LikeallkindsofartonthevastlandofChina,thestyleandtexture(質(zhì)地)ofsilkarealsovarious.HangluofromHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince,isknown113itsairyandthintexture,whileYunjinfromNanjing,JiangsuProvince,anexpensivecloth,114(represent)China’ssilktechniqueatitspeak.Yunjinisbestmadebyhandonlargemachines,inaplexprocedure115containsmorethanahundredsteps.Eventhemost116(experience)workerscanonlymakeafewcentimetersaday.Time,patienceandskillallplayanimportantroleinitsbeauty.IntheWesternHanDynasty,withZhangQian117(open)uptheroutestothewesternregions,silkwashighlypraisedincountriesofCentralAsia,laterextending118(it)reachtootherparts.InthehandsofChineseartists,thethinneststringcanmakepicturesofgreatpossibilitiesandthe119(soft)materialcanpassthroughthousandsofyears.Asoneofthemany120(wonder)ofancientChina,silkisnotonlyatypeofcloth,butalsoaculturalsymbolandarepresentationofeleganceandgrace.5閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.Dannyhasahobbyplayinggamesonline.Heisinterested121solvingpuzzles.Heparticularlyenjoys122(chat)toothergamers.NowDanny123(sit)quietlyinfrontofhisputer.Hismotherthinksheisdoinghishomework,butsheiswrong.Dannyis124(actual)surfingtheInternet,solvingpuzzlesandtalkingtoothergamersaroundtheworld,125isprettyfun!Whyaregamesonlinesointeresting?“126Icanpretendtobeadifferentperson.Therearealsomanydifferent127(kind)ofgamesforme128(play),”saysDanny.“Otherpeoplelovetoplaythesegamesbecausetheycanpayatanytime.Theydonotneedtoorganizeagroup.Someoneinthewordalwayswantstopay.”Startingagameonlineisnoteasy.Somegamersdon’twelenewgamer.Theywillbee129(anger)whennewgamersaskthemquestions.Othergamersarehelpful.Theywanttomakenewfriends.WhenDannyhas130question,healwayssays,“Excuseme,areyoubusy?IamnewatthisgameandIneedsomehelp.”Sometimesthisworks.Atothertimes,however,thegamerattheotherendmakesyoufeellikeafool.參考答案一、1.down【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：湯姆上周末因?yàn)樘Χ坏貌痪芙^參加聚會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)。此處為固定短語(yǔ)turndown，意為“拒絕”，故填down。2.wasbroken【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)他們?cè)谕舛燃贂r(shí)，家里被破門(mén)而入。根據(jù)were判斷時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)theirhouse和break之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用wasdone，break的過(guò)去分詞是broken。故填wasbroken。3.haddestroyed【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：烏克蘭總統(tǒng)表示，俄羅斯的襲擊已經(jīng)摧毀了烏克蘭大約30%的發(fā)電站。said后接賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在said之前，屬于過(guò)去的過(guò)去，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故填haddestroyed。4.arebeingdesigned【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：例如，重量訓(xùn)練課程正在設(shè)計(jì)中，并將很快加入我們的課程。表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，主語(yǔ)Weighttrainingclasses和design“設(shè)計(jì)”為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，be動(dòng)詞用are。故填arebeingdesigned。5.graded【解析】考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：這篇文章獲得了所有評(píng)論者的好評(píng)，被評(píng)為滿(mǎn)分。分析句子可知，grade作謂語(yǔ)，與主語(yǔ)essay是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)空前的was可是，空處需要過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。grade為動(dòng)詞“評(píng)分”。故填graded。6.declared【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：政府向毒販宣戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)句意可知，本句表達(dá)已宣戰(zhàn)之意，所以應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，空前已有has，所以空處用過(guò)去分詞形式。故填declared。7.decorated【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在另一項(xiàng)研究中，當(dāng)員工的工作場(chǎng)所裝飾有室內(nèi)植物時(shí)，他們的工作效率提高了15%。根據(jù)句意和空格前的were以及所給動(dòng)詞decorate分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)該填入decorate的過(guò)去分詞形式decorated構(gòu)成一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填decorated。8.weredefeated【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：盡管他們輸了比賽，但是他們拒絕承認(rèn)被打敗了。defeat和they是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且由lost可知此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)為they，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填weredefeated。9.hasbeendestroyed【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：建筑的一半被地震摧毀。表示過(guò)去動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在帶來(lái)的影響或結(jié)果，應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；句中主語(yǔ)building與動(dòng)詞destroy“摧毀”之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)，故填hasbeendestroyed。10.wasequipped【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：每位游泳者都配備了潛水服，可以在橫渡海峽時(shí)保護(hù)自己。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處在句中作謂語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞；主語(yǔ)為eachswimmer，與equip之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)bedone結(jié)構(gòu)；根據(jù)句意可知，此處是在陳述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)swimmer受each限定，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。故填wasequipped。11.havebeenunderlined/areunderlined【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：要求你們抄寫(xiě)下文章中劃線的單詞。此處在that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中作謂語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞words，從句中主語(yǔ)that指代先行詞words，words和動(dòng)詞underline是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且從句既可以表示一般性事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，也可以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示畫(huà)線發(fā)生在抄寫(xiě)之前，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，故填havebeen/areunderlined。12.wassurrounded【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：饑餓的熊憑著嗅覺(jué)來(lái)到了我們的營(yíng)地，營(yíng)地被高高的鐵絲柵欄包圍著。該空是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)部分，結(jié)合主句謂語(yǔ)followed，事情已發(fā)生，從句也用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句主語(yǔ)which指代先行詞ourcamp，從句謂語(yǔ)單數(shù)形式，從句主語(yǔ)和從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞surround是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，surround用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填wassurrounded。13.wereprohibited【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在過(guò)去，平民未經(jīng)允許不得進(jìn)入紫禁城，只有皇族和受邀的高級(jí)官員才能進(jìn)入。根據(jù)inthepast可知，句子為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，結(jié)合moners和動(dòng)詞prohibit之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系可知，此處為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)。故填wereprohibited。14.wereproduced【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這些車(chē)是去年在湖北省生產(chǎn)的。主語(yǔ)cars和動(dòng)詞produce之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合“l(fā)astyear”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用were。故填wereproduced。15.havebeenestablished【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：自1949年以來(lái)，建立了一大批高等院校。Since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，從句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。此外，Agreatnumberof…“大量的……”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)形式。再次，universities和establish為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填havebeenestablished。16.hadbeenleft【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：然后他說(shuō)，他們?cè)谌诵械郎媳贿z棄的他們的垃圾桶里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一堆文件。分析句子可知，句子為賓語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)句中“said”可知，主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，設(shè)空處為“that”引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句，從句中“l(fā)eave”的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“said”的動(dòng)作之前，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，“that”代指先行詞“trashcan”，和“l(fā)eave”之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為“hadbeendone”，“l(fā)eave”的過(guò)去分詞為“l(fā)eft”，故空格處應(yīng)填“hadbeenleft”。故填hadbeenleft。17.havebeentransported【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在過(guò)去的幾周里，大量的食物被運(yùn)送到地震災(zāi)區(qū)。動(dòng)詞transport與名詞food之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)inthepastfewweeks可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。amountsof的意思是“大量的”，修飾不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填havebeentransported。18.werebeingmade【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：我媽媽昨晚7點(diǎn)到10點(diǎn)做了一些漂亮的蛋糕。設(shè)空處為謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可知是過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間正在做什么，應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，主語(yǔ)cakes，謂語(yǔ)復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填werebeingmade。19.urged【解析】考查狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。句意：盡管多次催促他上床睡覺(jué)，這個(gè)小男孩仍然充耳不聞，只是盯著那些動(dòng)畫(huà)片看?！癟hough______(urge)togotobedmanytimes,”為though引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的省略，當(dāng)從句和主句主語(yǔ)是同一主語(yǔ)時(shí)，且從句含有be動(dòng)詞，從句可以省略主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)thelittleboy和動(dòng)詞urge是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，從句完整句子為T(mén)houghhewasurgedtogotobedmanytimes，省略主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。故填urged。20.exploded【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：舞臺(tái)布景著了火，然后在一兩分鐘內(nèi)爆炸，吞沒(méi)了禮堂。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)，結(jié)合前文的caught可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)意可知，此處意為“爆炸”，故應(yīng)填exploded。故填exploded。21.frozen【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：看到小偷溜進(jìn)房間，小男孩嚇呆了。freeze與邏輯主語(yǔ)Thelittleboy之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?？涨坝兄鷦?dòng)詞was，故設(shè)空處需用過(guò)去分詞，freeze的過(guò)去分詞為frozen，此處考查短語(yǔ)befrozenwithfright，意為“嚇呆了”。故填frozen。22.havebeenmade【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：在過(guò)去的十年里，王先生為公司做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。所以他值得表?yè)P(yáng)。主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)后文inthepasttenyears可知為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，助動(dòng)詞用have。故填havebeenmade。23.havebeenusedisaffected【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，人們一直用老鼠來(lái)研究旅行對(duì)人體的影響。use“使用”是動(dòng)詞，在主句中作謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)Mice是名詞復(fù)數(shù)，與動(dòng)詞use之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合long“長(zhǎng)期地”可知，主句中用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)havebeenused；affect“影響”是動(dòng)詞，how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中作謂語(yǔ)，從句中主語(yǔ)thehumanbody表示單數(shù)意義，與動(dòng)詞affect之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合句意可知，陳述客觀事實(shí)，此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)isaffected。故填have;beenused;isaffected。24.weredefeated【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：我知道我們會(huì)贏，但令我失望的是我們被打敗了。主語(yǔ)we與謂語(yǔ)defeat構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合上文knew可知為一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填weredefeated。25.wasgiven【解析】考查語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：艾米和他的兄弟們上周回到村里時(shí)受到了熱烈的歡迎。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)lastweek可知，空處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；此處主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，所以空處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：was/weredone；alongwith連接兩個(gè)并列名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用“就遠(yuǎn)原則”，與前面的名詞保持人稱(chēng)與數(shù)的一致，本句中前面名詞Amy是單數(shù)，所以be動(dòng)詞需用was。故填wasgiven。26.hasbeenstrengthened【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：我們的關(guān)系在過(guò)去三年中得到了加強(qiáng)。提示詞在句中作謂語(yǔ)，用動(dòng)詞形式strengthen，意為“加強(qiáng)，鞏固”，與主語(yǔ)relationship之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)overthepastthreeyears，描述從過(guò)去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，又因主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式。故填hasbeenstrengthened。27.appointment【解析】考查名詞。句意：羅賓堅(jiān)定地告訴我，他第二天有一個(gè)重要的商務(wù)約會(huì)。作賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用名詞appointment，不定冠詞提示用單數(shù)。故填appointment。28.hasbeentriedby【解析】考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和短語(yǔ)。句意：到目前為止，每一種可能的方法都試過(guò)了，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)只有這種方法才有可能說(shuō)服他。means“方式，手段”是單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞，其前有every修飾，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式；句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)是sofar，故謂語(yǔ)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語(yǔ)means與try是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，第一空填hasbeentried。第二空是固定短語(yǔ)bythismeans“用這種方式”。故填①hasbeentried②by。29.isbeingruined【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：現(xiàn)今，公眾非常關(guān)注大自然被破壞的方式。way后面的句子是定語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)today可知，句子描述正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，ruin與主語(yǔ)nature之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)nature是不可數(shù)名詞，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用is。故填isbeingruined。30.hadhappened【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。句意：童年的一切都涌進(jìn)我的腦海，就像昨天發(fā)生的一樣。結(jié)合句意可知，asif引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故填hadhappened。31.wasnicknamed【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：顯然，一年中最令人沮喪的日子是一月的第三個(gè)星期一，這天外面又冷又黑。2004年，心理學(xué)家CliffArnall將這一天戲稱(chēng)為“憂(yōu)郁星期一”。根據(jù)后文in2004可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)為T(mén)hisday，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。故填wasnicknamed。32.isbeingtested【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：——那是什么聲音？——哦，忘了告訴你新機(jī)器正在測(cè)試。分析句子可知，此處that引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句，從句的主語(yǔ)是thenewmachine，且為單數(shù)形式，故空處應(yīng)作謂語(yǔ)，空處與主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)語(yǔ)意可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，表示事情正在發(fā)生，因此空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，即bebeingdone。故填isbeingtested。33.wasdiscovered【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：原子能是在二十世紀(jì)被發(fā)現(xiàn)的，但至今還沒(méi)有被廣泛地應(yīng)用于工業(yè)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“inthetwentiethcentury”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)Atomicenergy與動(dòng)詞discover之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填wasdiscovered。34.divided【解析】考查動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后，德國(guó)被分裂為兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的國(guó)家。主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合上文was可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填divided。35.beshouted【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：杰克遜知道，如果他再加班到很晚，他會(huì)被罵的。分析句子可知，此空應(yīng)填謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，而would后應(yīng)加動(dòng)詞原形，且及物動(dòng)詞詞組shoutat與主語(yǔ)Jackson為被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故填beshouted。36.wasbuilt【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：長(zhǎng)城是樹(shù)千年前被建造的。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“thousandsofyearsago”可知，此處為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)TheGreatWall和build為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。故填wasbuilt。37.hadbeenpleted【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：到去年年底，另一個(gè)神奇的設(shè)計(jì)已經(jīng)完成。分析句子，句中使用動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)，句中bytheendoflastyear為過(guò)去完成時(shí)時(shí)間標(biāo)志，同時(shí)design與plete之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填hadbeenpleted。38.appointment【解析】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：我哥哥今天下午和牙醫(yī)有個(gè)約會(huì)。結(jié)合不定冠詞an可知，用單數(shù)名詞appointment作賓語(yǔ)。故填appointment。39.waseducated【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：他年輕時(shí)在一所很好的學(xué)校接受教育?？仗帪橹骶渲^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)educate構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)后文whenhewasyoung可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)為he，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。故填waseducated。40.wereemployed【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：因此，當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民被雇傭來(lái)捕捉昆蟲(chóng)，導(dǎo)致它們從整個(gè)地區(qū)消失。由從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞ledto可知，空處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，空處主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，所以空處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：was/weredone，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)farmers，所以此處be動(dòng)詞需用were。故填wereemployed。41.cuts【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這種刀子很鋒利。這是描述事實(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，Thiskindofknife是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)，故填cuts。42.wererescued【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：船員們安全獲救。陳述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，thecrew和rescue為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，主語(yǔ)為集體名詞，be動(dòng)詞用were。故填wererescued。43.wasneeded【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)的人均糧食比狩獵和采集來(lái)的多，因此人們能夠養(yǎng)育更多的孩子。而且，隨著更多的孩子出生，需要更多的食物。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，morefood與need構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，根據(jù)“wereableto”和“produced”可知，需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，加上food是不可數(shù)名詞，所以需填wasneeded。故填wasneeded。44.awarded【解析】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：她因兩部電影被授予獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。這里句子的主語(yǔ)是she，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是award，主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，空前有was，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填awarded。45.werehung【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：她臥室的窗戶(hù)上掛著昨天買(mǎi)的漂亮窗簾。此處為全部倒裝，主語(yǔ)somebeautifulcurtains與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞hang構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合后文whichwereboughtyesterday可知為一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。故填werehung。46.wasfixed【解析】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：吉姆聚精會(huì)神地聽(tīng)講座，他所有的注意力都集中在上面。分析句子，設(shè)空處使用動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)，句子表述過(guò)去事實(shí)，故使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。同時(shí)fix意為“集中，固定”，其與attention之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填wasfixed。47.wasinvited【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：昨天晚上他被邀請(qǐng)吃飯。主語(yǔ)He和動(dòng)詞invite之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合“yesterdayevening”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)表示單數(shù)意義，be動(dòng)詞用was，故填wasinvited。48.destroyed【解析】考查語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：由于人類(lèi)的活動(dòng)，這個(gè)地區(qū)的土壤被破壞，變成了沙漠。soil與destroy之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)態(tài)。故填destroyed。49.havebeenappointed【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：自從十月底贏得全國(guó)銷(xiāo)售競(jìng)賽以來(lái)，不僅愛(ài)麗絲，簡(jiǎn)和瑪麗也被任命為當(dāng)?shù)厣痰甑慕?jīng)理?？仗帪橹骶渲^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境和連詞since判斷主句為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；notonly...butalso...連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，符合就近原則，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式和最近的主語(yǔ)保持一致，該句和JaneandMary保持一致，且主語(yǔ)和appoint之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。綜上，故填havebeenappointed。50.sounds【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這聽(tīng)起來(lái)太棒了。算我一個(gè)!講述現(xiàn)在一般情況，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，that是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)，故填sounds。51.beingdiscussed【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：現(xiàn)在會(huì)議上正在討論的問(wèn)題是如何減少成本。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，作定語(yǔ)，Theproblem和discuss之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)now可知，此處表示該動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式，作定語(yǔ)。故填beingdiscussed。52.disqualified【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：兄弟倆的行為應(yīng)該被取消資格還是受到高度贊揚(yáng)?根據(jù)句意和下文“highlypraisedfor”可知，此處表示“被取消資格”，disqualified“取消……的資格”符合句意，與主語(yǔ)thebrothers是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，空前有havebeen，故填disqualified。53.havebeenkilled【解析】考查動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：動(dòng)物因?yàn)樗鼈兊钠っ陀鹈徊稓?，特別是在過(guò)去的幾十年里，僅僅因?yàn)樗鼈儞趿说?。根?jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)inthepastfewdecades可知，原因現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；另外，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞kill與主語(yǔ)Animals之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；主語(yǔ)Animals為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填havebeenkilled。54.hasbeendamaged【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：它的破壞部分是由地震等自然力量造成的，但最大的破壞是人為造成的。主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以空格處的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；根據(jù)句意和句中的“butthegreatestdamageofallhasbeencausedbyman”可知，空格處的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果；主語(yǔ)為It，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填hasbeendamaged。55.hadbeentranslated【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：這是他的書(shū)第一次被翻譯成多種語(yǔ)言。由空