專題41 閱讀理解之主旨大意題（練案）原卷版

1/25高考一輪復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)清單專題41閱讀理解之主旨大意題（練案）原卷版（高考考情+思維導(dǎo)圖+真題演練+名校模擬）目錄一、閱讀理解主旨大意題高考考情P1二、閱讀理解主旨大意題思維導(dǎo)圖P2三、閱讀理解主旨大意題真題演練2篇P3四、閱讀理解主旨大意題名校模擬16篇P5【名校模擬一：段落大意題】P5【名校模擬二：文章大意題】P8【名校模擬三：記敘文標(biāo)題概括題】P12【名校模擬四：說(shuō)明文標(biāo)題概括題】P15【名校模擬五：議論文標(biāo)題概括題】P20【名校模擬四：新聞報(bào)道標(biāo)題概括題】P22一、閱讀理解主旨大意題高考考情2022-2024高考閱讀理解考點(diǎn)統(tǒng)計(jì)卷別細(xì)節(jié)理解題主旨大意題主旨大意題主旨大意題2024新課標(biāo)I卷91412024新課標(biāo)II卷91412023新課標(biāo)I卷61712023新課標(biāo)II卷61712022新課標(biāo)I卷82412022新課標(biāo)II卷82412024全國(guó)甲卷71612023全國(guó)甲卷81512023全國(guó)乙卷51812022全國(guó)甲卷81332022全國(guó)乙卷10131二、閱讀理解主旨大意題思維導(dǎo)圖三、閱讀理解主旨大意題真題演練【真題演練01】【2023浙江首考】AccordingtotheSolarEnergyIndustryAssociation,thenumberofsolarpanelsinstalled(安裝)hasgrownrapidlyinthepastdecade,andithastogrowevenfastertomeetclimategoals.Butallofthatgrowthwilltakeupalotofspace,andthoughmoreandmorepeopleaccepttheconceptofsolarenergy,fewlikelargesolarpanelstobeinstallednearthem.Solardeveloperswanttoputuppanelsasquicklyandcheaplyaspossible,sotheyhaven’tgivenmuchthoughttowhattheyputunderthem.Often,they’llendupfillingtheareawithsmallstonesandusingchemicalstocontrolweeds.Theresultisthatmanycommunities,especiallyinfarmingregions,seesolarfarmsasdestroyersofthesoil.“Solarprojectsneedtobegoodneighbors,”saysJordanMacknick,theheadoftheInnovativeSitePreparationandImpactReductionsontheEnvironment(InSPIRE)project.“Theyneedtobeprotectorsofthelandandcontributetotheagriculturaleconomy.”InSPIREisinvestigatingpracticalapproachesto“l(fā)ow-impact”solardevelopment,whichfocusesonestablishingandoperatingsolarfarmsinawaythatiskindertotheland.Oneoftheeasiestlow-impactsolarstrategiesisprovidinghabitatforpollinators(傳粉昆蟲(chóng)).Habitatloss,pesticideuse,andclimatechangehavecauseddramaticdeclinesinpollinatorpopulationsoverthepastcoupleofdecades,whichhasdamagedtheU.S.agriculturaleconomy.Over28stateshavepassedlawsrelatedtopollinatorhabitatprotectionandpesticideuse.Conservationorganizationsputoutpollinator-friendlinessguidelinesforhomegardens,businesses,schools,cities—andnowthereareguidelinesforsolarfarms.Overthepastfewyears,manysolarfarmdevelopershavetransformedthespaceundertheirsolarpanelsintoashelterforvariouskindsofpollinators,resultinginsoilimprovementandcarbonreduction.“Thesepollinator-friendlysolarfarmscanhaveavaluableimpactoneverythingthat’sgoingoninthelandscape,”saysMacknick.32.Whatdosolardevelopersoftenignore?A.Thedeclineinthedemandforsolarenergy.B.Thenegativeimpactofinstallingsolarpanels.C.Therisinglaborcostofbuildingsolarfarms.D.Themostrecentadvancesinsolartechnology.33.WhatdoesInSPIREaimtodo?A.Improvetheproductivityoflocalfarms.B.Inventnewmethodsforcontrollingweeds.C.Makesolarprojectsenvironmentallyfriendly.D.Promotetheuseofsolarenergyinruralareas.34.Whatisthepurposeofthelawsmentionedinparagraph4?A.Toconservepollinators. B.Torestrictsolardevelopment.C.Todiversifytheeconomy. D.Toensurethesupplyofenergy.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Pollinators:ToLeaveortoStay B.SolarEnergy:HopefortheFutureC.InSPIRE:ALeaderinAgriculture D.SolarFarms:ANewDevelopment【真題演練02】（2022新高考I卷D篇）Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthecommon“m”and“a”totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertainsoundsmorecommonthanothers?Aground-breaking,five-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworld’slanguages.Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,suchas“f”and“v”,weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.NowateamofresearchersledbyDamiánBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned(對(duì)齊),makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure(結(jié)構(gòu)),makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.TheteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagricultureintheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidn’thavetodoasmuchworkandsodidn’tgrowtobesolarge.AnalysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof“f”and“v”increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gathererpeopletoday.Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhenhumanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago.”Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthingslikebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution,”saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.32.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamiánBlasi’sresearchfocuson?A.Itsvariety. B.Itsdistribution. C.Itsquantity. D.Itsdevelopment.33.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.B.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.C.Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.D.Theirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.34.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.35.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication. B.Itcontributesmuchtoculturaldiversity.C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem. D.Itdrivestheevolutionofhumanbeings.四、閱讀理解主旨大意題名校模擬【名校模擬一：段落大意題】（2024·四川樂(lè)山·三模）Anotheryearofrecordfossilfuelburningleadingtorecordhighglobaltemperatures.Timeisrunningouttosolvetheclimatecrisis,andgreatdisasterscomenearus.You’reprobablyusedtosuchheadlines,andyoumayhavemomentsofhopelessnessaboutthefuture.Butcanyouturnsuchgloom(灰暗)messagingofclimatecrisisintomeaningfulchange?Ourrecentglobalstudysaysyes—butthemessagesmustbeusedwisely.In2019,inhisbook,DavidWallace-Wellspaintedaterrifyinglandscapeofthesufferingawaitingusifwedon’taddressclimatechange,leavingmanyfeelingconsumedbyfearandhelplessness.Noteveryoneisafanofhisgloommessaging.ClimatescientistslikeMichaelMannhavewarnedagainstit,messagingthatitcandepressanddiscouragethepublic,andleadtofurtherclimateinaction.AndthetitleofanewbookbyHannahRitchiestatesclearlythatit’sNottheEndoftheWorld:HowWeCanBetheFirstGenerationtoBuildaSustainablePlanet.Tohelpfigureoutthepreciseimpactofclimategloommessaging,werecentlycompletedalargeexperiment.Ourfindingsrevealedthatgloommessagingwashighlyeffectiveforstimulatingclimatechangeinformationsharing,likepostingontheInternetorsocialmedia.Wallace-Wellswasrightinthisaspect.ButMannandRitchiewerealsoright.Hearingthesemessagesactuallydecreasedpeople’spositivebehaviorsagainstenvironmentalpollution—whenfacedwiththeenormousmessagesoftheclimatecrisis,individual-levelactionsmightseemfutile(徒勞的).Sogloommessagingcandoboththings:causehelplessness,discouragingindividual-levelaction;butalsomotivatepeopletospreadtheword.Ourresearchalsofoundseveralothermessagesthatmovedtheneedleonclimatechangebeliefsandactions.Thissuggeststhatunderstandinghowdifferentmessageswork,andinwhatcontexts,willbecriticaltochangingbeliefs,spreadingtheword,andmotivatingaction.1．Whatmessagedoesgloommessagingintendtodeliver?A．Theunstoppabletendencytodisasters.B．Disastrouseffectsofburningfossilfuels.C．Theurgencytodealwithclimatecrisis.D．Confidenceinenvironmentalprotection.2．WhydosomeclimatescientistsdisagreewithWallace-Wells’view?A．Becausetheydon’tbelievethereissevereclimatecrisis.B．Becausetheyfearitwillleadtomoreenvironmentalpollution.C．Becausetheyplantobuildanewworldinanotherplanet.D．Becausetheyworryitmakespeoplegiveupclimateactions.3．Howdoesgloommessagingaffectthepublicaccordingtoparagraph3?A．Itencouragespeopletofightagainstclimatechange.B．Itincreasespeople’sawarenessofclimatecrisis.C．Ithasnoimpactonclimatechangebehaviors.D．Itmisleadspeopleintospreadingwrongnews.4．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thelackofsolutionforinspiringclimateactions.B．Gloommessages’influencesonclimatebehaviors.C．Theimportanceofstudyingdifferentmessages’effects.D．Rightattitudestoclimatechangebeliefsandbehaviors.（2024·安徽合肥·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）“Theantandthezebra”soundslikethetitleofoneofAesop’sfables(寓言).Likeallgood.fables,thisonehasamoral,whichisthathumaninterventioninnaturehasunpredictableconsequences.UnliketheGreekoriginals,though,thisfableisreal.ThestoryplaysoutinLaikipiacounty,Kenya,wherethebig-headedants,aninvasive(入侵的)specieshavegraduallybeenreplacingthenativeacaciaants.AsMrKamaru,aKenyanbiologistfromtheUniversityofWyoming,andhiscolleaguesreportinScience,theantinvasionhastriggeredacomplicatedchainofconsequenceswhichhashelpedzebrasattheexpenseofbuffaloes,thusneatlyillustratingaphenomenoncalledtrophiccascade(營(yíng)養(yǎng)級(jí)鏈).Itworkslikethis.Akindoftree—whistling-thorntrees—providestheantswithshelterandfood.Theants,meanwhile,protectthetreesbyseeingoffthechiefthreattothem,thelocalelephants,whicharenotkeentoeattrees,crawlingwithbitinginsects.However,big-headedantsarenotsogoodatkeepingtheelephantsatbay(陷入困境).Theelephantsmoveinandchewthetrees,removingmuchofthearea’scover.Thatthrowsthelocallionsintoconfusion,whichoftenusethiscovertohidewhenhuntingzebras.Tocompensate(補(bǔ)償),thelionsswitchtohuntingbuffaloes,whicharemoredangerous,butrunslower.MrKamaruhasputnumberstotheprocesstoo.Ininvadedareas,elephantsbreaktreesfivetoseventimesasoftenasinuninvadedones.Andinthoseuninvadedplaces,zebrakillsarealmostthreetimesasfrequentasthoseintheinvadedones.Indeed,between2003and2020,asthebig-headedantsspread,theproportion(比例)oflocallionkillswherethevictimwasazebrafellfrom67%to42%.Onthecontrary,overthesameperiod,theproportionofbuffalokillsrosefromzeroto42%.Whetherthebuffaloesblametheantsfortheirmisfortune,nooneknows.5．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Howhumanactivitiesimpactnature.B．Whatthephenomenonoftrophiccascadeis.C．Howthebig-headedantsinvadeacountyinKenya.D．Whythestoryaboutdifferentspeciesissignificant.6．Whoaretherealvictimsinthechain?A．Lions. B．Buffaloes. C．Elephants. D．Zebras.7．WhydoesMrKamaruputnumbersinhisreport?A．Toshowtheresults. B．Toexplainthereasons.C．Toanalyzetheprocess. D．Togivesomeexamples.8．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheMisfortuneofAnimals B．TheSecretsofNatureC．HowZebrasandAntsBecomeFriends D．HowAntsPersuadedLionstoEatBuffaloes（2024·黑龍江·三模）Americancompanieshavelearnedtoloverenewableresources.Now,theyarebeginningtogetinvolvedinnext-generationclimatesolutions.Anadvancedgeothermal(地?zé)岬?projectsupportedbyGooglebegangeneratingelectricitylastweek,abigstepinseekingfortechnologythatcanaffordablyfillgapsinwindandsolargenerationwithcarbon-freepower.ThepilotprojectinnorthernNevadausesdrillingandfracking(水力壓裂法)techniquesemployedbytheoilandgasindustrytogetheatfromEarthtogeneratepower.GeothermaltechnologyhaslongbeenviewedasapotentialwaytotapthenaturalheatofEarthtomakecarbon-freepower.Butithastraditionallybeenlimitedtolocationswheretherearenaturalundergroundlakesofhotwater,whicharehardtoaccess.In2021,geothermalenergyaccountedforlessthanhalfapercentofAmerica'spowergeneration.FervoEnergy,aHouston-basedstartupgivesananswer-tousedrillingandfrackingtechniquesInNevada,thecompanydrilledtwowellstoadepthofabout8,000feetandthenextendedthemhorizontally(水平地)formorethan3,000feet.ThenFervoinjected(注入)coldwaterunderhighpressuretocausetherockbetweenthewellstobefracked,creatingfractures(裂縫).Wateristhenpumpedintothefirstwell,absorbingheatasitflowsthroughthefracturesandreturningtothesurfaceviathesecondwellattemperatureshighenoughtomakesteamandspinanengine.Theprojectrepresentsaconvergenceoftwocompanies’climateambitions.Fervohadsoughttoapplyadvancesinoilandgasdrillingtogeothermaltechnology.Butfindingfinancingtoprovethatthecompany'stechnologyworkedwasachallenge.LuckilyforFervo,Googlehadjuststartedreconsideringit;approachtocleanenergyaroundthetimewhenFervowaslookingtotestitstechnology.“Thedemandforclean,firmpowerissourgent,especiallynow,”saidGabrielMalek,chiefofstaffatFervo.“Andwe'rerecognizingthatthegeothermalprojectisoneworkableoptionavailabletous.Itispromising,actually.9．Whatistheproblemwithgeothermalenergy?A．Itisinlittledemand. B．ItstillproducesCO2.C．Itisnoteasytoemploy. D．ItisrarelyseenonEarth10．Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A．Howdrillingandfrackingtechniquescome.B．HownaturalheatonEarthcomesintobeing.C．Fervo'ssolutiontopollutioncausedbyenergy.D．Fervo'sapproachtoharvestinggeothermalenergy.11．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“convergence”inparagraph6?A．Source. B．Barrier. C．Combination. D．Shift.12．WhatdoGabrielMalek'swordssuggest?A．Hiscompanyhasself-fundedtheproject.B．Heishopefulaboutthegeothermalproject.C．Hepromisestoprovidecleanpowerforfree.D．Hiscompanycooperateswithmanybusinesses.【名校模擬二：文章大意題】（2024·湖北武漢·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Whenheflaggedmedown,Ithoughthewasaneldercollectinga“customsfee”,thefewdollarsitcoststousevillageroadsthatleadtomanyofSamoa’ssights.He’dbeensittinglazilyinagreyingroadsideshack(棚子)builtforsuchoccasions.NormallyIwouldn’tpickupafreerider.ButItriedtoliveoutadream.I’dwantedtogotoPulemeleiMoundsinceI’dhearditmentionedinanarchaeologyclassyearsago.The“mound”isactuallyapyramid40feethighandroughly200feetacrossatitsbase.So,Iasked,“DoyouknowhowtogettoPulemeleiMound?”“Mmm,”hesaid,raisinghiseyebrowsintheclassicPolynesiangesturefor“yes”.“Ineedtopickupmycaratthemechanicbutnohurry,I’lltakeyoutherefirstifyouwant.”You’dthinkthatagiantpyramidwouldbeamajorsight,oratleastsomethingmanypeoplehadheardof,butitisn’t.Myaccidentalfriend’sraiseoftheeyebrowswasthemostpromisingprospectI’dhadinaweek.Wedrovealongtheroadinsilenceforafewminutes.Thenmynewfriendbrokethesilenceand,meanwhile,myhopes.“I’veneverbeentoPulemelei,”hesaid.“I’velivedherebutIneverthoughtofgoing.”Myheartsank.Butwepressedon,crossingastream,walkingthroughwaist-highgrass,andthenanothermileofhotwalkuntilwefoundasign.There,barelyvisible,werethewords:“PulemeleiMound150m”.Thesignmarkedadarktunnelofjungle.Thenthepathopenedtoraysofsunshine.Weclimbed.Andthen,magic.WewerestandingontopofaPolynesianpyramid.Justthen,myfriend,obviouslyawedbywhathesaw,turnedtowardme,andplacedhisbigSamoanhandsonmyshoulders.Inthemostnaturalway,hebentdownandkissedmegentlyonthecheek.“Thankyou,”hesaid.1．What’sthepurposeoftheSamoanmanflaggingmedown?A．Tothumbaride. B．Toaskfordirections.C．Tocollectacustomsfee. D．Towarnofaroadaccident.2．Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?A．Informedbutrigid. B．Hesitantbutagreeable.C．Skepticalandreserved. D．Curiousandadventurous.3．WhydidtheSamoanmanthanktheauthorintheend?A．Hehadlivedouthisdream. B．Hewastakentothemechanic.C．Heenjoyedtheauthor’scompany. D．Heexperiencedthethrillofdiscovery.4．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．APolynesianvillage. B．AfamousSamoansight.C．Achanceencounter. D．Anelderprotectinglocalroads.（2024·重慶·三模）Urbanagriculture,thepracticeoffarmingwithinthelimitsofacity,isbecomingincreasinglypopularworldwideandisconsideredawaytomakecitiesandurbanfoodsystemsmoresustainable.Despitestrongevidenceofthesocialandnutritionalbenefitsofurbanagriculture,itscarbonfootprintremainsunderstudied.Mostpreviouslypublishedstudieshavefocusedonhigh-tech,energy-intensiveformsofurbanagriculture—suchasvertical(垂直的)farmsandrooftopgreenhouses.Thenewstudyaimedtofillsomeoftheknowledgegapsbycomparingthecarbonfootprintsoffoodproducedatlow-techurbanagriculturesitestoconventionalcrops.Theresearcherscalculatedthegreenhousegasemissions(排放)associatedwithon-farmmaterialsandactivitiesoverthelifetimeofthefarm.Theemissions,expressedinkilogramsofcarbondioxideequivalentsperservingoffood,werethencomparedtofoodsraisedbyconventionalmethods.Farmersandgardenersaturbanagriculturesitesacrosstheworldwereemployedtousedailydiaryentriestotakedowninputs—thematerialsusedtoconstructfarmsandcultivatecrops—andharvestsfromtheirfood-growingsitesthroughoutthe2019season.“Byassessingactualinputsandoutputsonurbanagriculturesites,wewereabletodetermineclimatechangeimpactstoeachservingofproduce,”saysstudyco-leadauthorBenjaminGoldstein,assistantprofessorintheSchoolforEnvironmentandSustainability.Onaverage,foodproducedthroughurbanagriculturereleased0.42kilogramsofcarbondioxideequivalentsperserving,sixtimeshigherthanthe0.07kgCO2eperservingofconventionallygrownproduce.It’salsofoundthatmostoftheclimateimpactsaturbanfarmsaredrivenbytheinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施),suchastheraisedbedsinwhichfoodisgrown,orpathwaysbetweenplots.“Thesefarmstypicallyonlyoperateforafewyears,sothegreenhousegasesusedtoproducethosematerialsarenotusedeffectively.Conventionalagriculture,instead,isveryefficientandhardtocompetewith”,Goldsteinsays.Forexample,conventionalfarmsoftengrowasinglecropwiththehelpofpesticidesandfertilizers,resultinginlargerharvestsandareducedcarbonfootprintwhencomparedtourbanfarms,hesays.5．Whatisabenefitofurbanagriculture?A．Sustainablefoodsupply. B．Highfoodoutput.C．Effectiveenergyconservation. D．Lowcarbonfootprint.6．Howistheresearchdatacollected?A．Byaccessingonlinedatabase. B．Byexaminingpreviousstudies.C．Byconductingpersonalinterviews. D．Byrecordinginformationeveryday.7．WhatcouldbedonetoreducecarbonfootprintaccordingtoGoldstein?A．Increasevarietiesofcrops. B．Extendinfrastructurelifetimes.C．Promoterooftopgreenhouses. D．Usemodernagriculturefacilities.8．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Thebenefitsoftraditionalcrops. B．Thepopularityofurbanagriculture.C．Thestrategiestofightglobalwarming. D．Thecarbonfootprintofurbanfarmproduce.（2024·重慶九龍坡·二模）Finland’ssystemforreturningdrinkcontainersstartedinthe1950s,andtodayalmosteverybottleandcanisrecycled.Convenienceisthecornerstoneofthesystem’ssuccess.Nowadaystherearealmost5,000container-returnmachinesacrossFinland.Mostofthemarelocatedinthesameshopsthatselldrinks,makingreturningthemaconvenientpartofpeople’sroutine.Hotels,restaurants,offices,schoolsandeventorganizersreturncontainersthroughtheirdrinkproviders.Thereturnmachinesareeasytouse.Youplaceabottleorcanonasetofminiconveyorbeltsatthefrontofthemachine.Theycarryitpastascannerandoutofsight.Themachinesortsthebottlesandcrushesthecans.Whenyou’redone,youpressabuttonandthemachinegivesyouareceipt.Plasticbottlesareworth20to40cents,dependingontheirsize,whileglassbottlesareworth10to40centsandaluminium(鋁)cansare15cents.Thereturnedcontainersarerecycledorthematerialsarereused.AcrossFinland,onaverage,everyFinnreturns373itemsinayear:251aluminiumcans,98plasticbottlesand24glassbottles.Thegovernmenthasentrustedthisfunctiontotheprivateagency.“Palpaiscompletelynonprofitandreceivesnogovernmentfunding,”saysTommiVihavainen,Palpa’sdirectorofproducerservices,ICTandcommunication.Russia,theUKandothercountrieshaveshowninterestintheFinnishsystem.“MostvisitorswanttoseehowthereturnsystemworksinFinland,”saysVihavainen.“Wedon’tactasconsultants,butwe’reproudtopresentoursystem.”9．WhatdoweknowaboutFinland’ssystemforreturningdrinkcontainers?A．Itstillhasalongwaytodevelop. B．Itgainspopularityforitsconvenience.C．Itusedtobefashionablebutnowout-dated. D．It’ssupportedfinanciallybythegovernment.10．Whydoesthewriterusethefiguresinparagraph3?A．ToshowFinnsconsumevariousdrinks. B．Tohelpmakethestorymoreinteresting.C．Tomaketheimpactofthesystemconvincing. D．Toguaranteetheproperlogicofthepassage.11．What’sVihavainen’sattitudetowardsthereturnsystem?A．Indifferent. B．Positive. C．Pessimistic. D．Dismissive.12．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Finland’srecyclingprogrammekeepsbottlesoffstreets.B．Thereturnmachinesintheworldarepopularandeasy.C．Palpa—acompletenonprofittorecyclethebottles.D．Finland—acountryfreeofwastesuchasbottles.【名校模擬三：記敘文標(biāo)題概括題】（2024·陜西榆林·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Inspring1955,RosalynnCarterwasdoingwhatshehadbeenavoidingsinceshemarriedJimmyCarter:keepinghouseandraisingchildreninthesametinytownwheretheygrewup.Butherhusbandcalledforhelpfromhisfamily’sfarmonedayandsaidthathecouldn’tmanagethefarmonhisown.SoRosalynnCartergatheredtheirsonsandreturnedtothetinytown.Soonshewasmanagingfinancesandhandlingcustomers.“Finally,Igotusedtoournewlifeandknewmoreaboutthebusinessthanhedid,andhewouldtakemyadviceaboutthings,”RosalynnCartertoldTheAssociatedPressin2021.Theirmarriagewasalmostadecadeoldwhenshewenttothefarm,butthatwasperhapsthetruebeginningofapartnershipthathelpedJimmyCarterwintheGeorgiagovernor’sofficein1970andthentheWhiteHousein1976.Sixyearslater,theyco-foundedTheCarterCenterandcommittedthemselvestocharityworkforfourdecadesinmorethan145countries,wheremanychildren,nowadults,werenamedJimmyorRosalynnorCarter.Alongthatpathwasasmall-townlovestorythatincluded77yearsofmarriageandtwodecadesoffamilyfriendshipbeforethat.TheirsharedjourneyendedonNovember19,2023,withRosalynn’sdeathattheageof96.“It’shardtothinkofoneofthemwithouttheother,”saidJillStuckey,alongtimefriendwhosawthecoupleoftenduringRosalynnCarter’slastmonths.“WhenJimmywaspresident.sheevenattendedallWhiteHousemeetingsanddiscussedwhatsheheardwithhimathome.Theyhadnightlyphonecallswhentheytraveledseparately.”“RosalynnwasmyequalpartnerineverythingIeveraccomplished.”JimmyCartersaidinastatementreleaseduponherdeath.“ShegavemewiseguidanceandencouragementwhenIneededit.AslongasRosalynnwasintheworld,Ialwaysknewsomebodylovedandsupportedme.”1．HowdidRosalynnCarterprobablyfeelwhenshewasaskedtoworkonthefarm?A．Interested. B．Unconcerned. C．Proud. D．Unwilling.2．WhatdidtheCartersdointheearly1980s?A．Theyboughtanewfarminasmalltown.B．TheyranfortheGeorgiagovernor’soffice.C．Theystartedtodocharityworkintheworld.D．Theytraveledindifferentcountriesastourists.3．WhatdidJillStuckeysayabouttheCarters?A．RosalynnCarterwasanambitiouswoman.B．Thecouplewereveryattachedtoeachother.C．JimmyCarterwasnotaqualifiedpresident.D．Theyshouldnotsharethesecretinformation.4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．YoungRosalynnandJimmyCarter’sLoveStoriesB．TheWorld’sResponsestoRosalynnCarter’sDeathC．TheCloseBondBetweenRosalynnandJimmyCarterD．TheLastingRelationshipBetweentheCarters’Families（2024·山東菏澤·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Tenyearsago,KristinSchellandherfamilymovedtoanewhomeinAustin,Texas.Shetriedtoconnectwithhernewneighborsbyhostingreadingactivitiesandplaygroups.Butthoseactivitiesrequiredplanningaheadandarrangingschedules,nottomentioncookingandcleaning.Oneday,KristinneededbackyardfurnitureforapartyandboughtafewpicnictablesfromLowe’s.Thedeliverydriversetonetabledowninherfrontyardbymistake.Aftertheparty,Kristinpaintedthetableturquoise(綠松石色)andputitinthefrontyard,justafewfeetfromthesidewalk.ThatturquoisetablebecametheplacewhereKristinandherkidshungout.Foractivitiestheyusedtodoatthekitchentable,theynowdidoutfrontatthepicnictable.Theyplayedgames,didcraftsandatesnacks.“Wegotintentionalaboutwherewespentourtime,”Kristinsays.“Webecame‘frontyardpeople.’Neighborsbegantostopbytointroducethemselvesandsitdownforachat.Theturquoisetablewasinvitingandwehadasharedfeel.”Constructionworkersintheneighborhoodtooktheirlunchbreaksatthetable.Ababysitterwalkingbywithheryoungchildsatdowntorest.ThenneighborstoldKristitheirfamilycouldputapicnictableintheirfrontyardtoo.Soon“TheTurquoiseTable”wasborn,amovementofordinarypeoplewhowanttogatherrightintheirownfrontyards.“Atthepicnictable,allwehavetodoisshowup.People’sgreatestneedistoknowthattheyarelovedandthattheybelong,”Kristinsays.Shelikeshowitenabl